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This article examines the evolving discourse on granting legal personhood to Artificial Intelligence (AI) by analyzing jurisprudential foundations, global regulatory frameworks, and emerging challenges in liability attribution. As AI systems acquire higher autonomy, opacity, and decision-making independence, traditional human-centered legal structures struggle to assign responsibility for AI-generated harms. Through a qualitative methodological approach, involving library research and content analysis, this study evaluates whether limited or functional legal personhood can serve as a viable solution to accountability gaps created by advanced AI systems. The discussion explores key themes including AI autonomy, black-box decision processes, digital identities in virtual environments, metaverse avatars, and the boundaries of existing tort and contract law. Comparative insights from the European Union, the United States, and India highlight significant divergences in regulatory approaches, particularly regarding “electronic personhood,” strict liability models, and AI-specific safeguards. Findings indicate that while full personhood is premature, a hybrid framework—combining functional personhood, risk-based regulation, and AI-focused accountability mechanisms—could enhance legal clarity, promote responsible innovation, and strengthen public trust. This study contributes to the ongoing global effort to conceptualize AI legal personhood within modern socio-digital ecosystems.

This research seeks to examine the policy of strengthening Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) via the Pejuang Muda initiative to boost local economic competitiveness in Surabaya City. The initiative showcases a partnership between local governments, universities, and communities, emphasizing capacity enhancement through mentoring, training, and digitalization of businesses. This study utilized a qualitative approach through a case study method. Data were gathered via thorough interviews with representatives from the Department of Cooperatives and MSMEs, Pejuang Muda participants, and supported business owners. The results indicate that the program notably enhanced managerial capabilities, product innovation, and market accessibility for MSMEs. Additionally, collaboration across sectors has enhanced the program’s sustainability and fostered a responsive local economic ecosystem to adjust to global market shifts. Nonetheless, obstacles persist in consistent policy and sustainable funding strategies. In general, the Pejuang Muda initiative exemplifies empowerment by merging social, educational, and economic principles within a local development framework centered on self-sufficiency and youth engagement. The research suggests implementing the program in additional areas with improved inter-agency collaboration, supportive policy measures, and fortified digital infrastructure to guarantee the ongoing sustainability of local economic development.

This study examines the role of teachers as influencers in 21st-century education, particularly in developing students’ intelligence and character through the use of digital media and technology. The digital transformation requires teachers to serve not only as transmitters of knowledge but also as public figures capable of providing positive influence through digital behavior and communication. The purpose of this study is to analyze how teachers perform their roles as educational influencers and how this impacts students’ intellectual and character development. This research employs a literature study method by reviewing scientific sources such as books, articles, journals, and relevant research reports. The analysis was conducted using a descriptive-analytical approach to identify patterns, ideas, and strategies used by teachers in integrating character values and digital literacy. The findings indicate that teachers with strong digital competence and personal integrity are able to create positive influence through educational content, digital role modeling, and ethical communication. The implications highlight the importance of strengthening teachers’ digital literacy, educational policy support, and continuous professional training to create a digital learning ecosystem that is character-based, adaptive, and responsive to contemporary challenges.

This study aims to explore the process of digital transformation and innovative strategies adopted by micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the context of the digital economy. The research focuses on understanding how micro MSME actors adopt digital technology, the challenges they face, and the implications for business independence and competitiveness. A qualitative descriptive approach with a single case study design was employed, focusing on one micro culinary MSME in Medan City. Data were collected through in depth interviews, direct observation, and digital documentation, and analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The findings indicate that the use of social media for marketing purposes has increased business visibility and expanded customer reach at the local level. However, digital transformation remains at an early stage, constrained by limited capital, low digital literacy, and the lack of integrated digital business systems. These results suggest that digital transformation in micro MSMEs is a gradual and context dependent process that requires strong ecosystem support to enhance sustainable business independence and competitiveness. This study contributes to the literature by providing qualitative empirical insights into digital transformation at the micro enterprise level.

This study examines the differences between Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and large corporations in utilizing e-commerce platforms for digital promotion, particularly through collaborations with influencers. The rapid development of digital technology has reshaped business competition and created unequal access to market opportunities, where corporations benefit from strong financial capacity, formal contractual structures, and comprehensive legal compliance, while MSMEs often struggle with limited resources, inconsistent product legality, and informal promotional arrangements. This research aims to analyze comparative practices in digital promotion between the two business scales and evaluate how regulatory frameworks support digital fairness for MSMEs within Indonesia’s e-commerce ecosystem. Using a qualitative method that combines literature review and in-depth interviews with three influencers, the study reveals significant distinctions in collaboration patterns, compensation systems, marketing flexibility, and legal assurance. The findings indicate that MSMEs exhibit higher adaptability and openness toward emerging creators, whereas corporations demonstrate stronger professionalism but lower responsiveness due to bureaucratic structures. The research further highlights persistent digital inequality shaped by differences in legal awareness, operational capacity, and marketing strategy. These findings imply the importance of enhancing MSME digital literacy, strengthening contractual governance, and improving regulatory responsiveness to ensure equitable participation in the digital market. Strengthening cooperative efforts between government, digital platforms, and influencer communities is essential for building a fairer and more inclusive e-commerce environment.

The community service program in Purworejo Village, Sragi District, Pekalongan Regency, was implemented to enhance the capacity of local MSME actors in utilizing digital technology as a modern marketing tool. The program adopted a participatory approach involving youth organizations, business actors, village authorities, and the implementation team in every stage of the activity. Assistance included field observation, data collection, content development training, and the creation of a dedicated MSME website as a shared promotional platform. The results indicate significant social changes within the community, including improved digital literacy, stronger awareness of the importance of technology-based marketing, the emergence of local youth as digital facilitators, and the development of collaborative working patterns in managing digital media. These findings reinforce that participatory-based mentoring can strengthen community capacity in adopting technology, consistent with theoretical perspectives that position the community as key agents of local development. Therefore, the program not only produced a functional digital product in the form of an MSME website but also laid the foundation for a more adaptive, competitive, and sustainable village economic ecosystem..

This study examines the implementation of QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard) in supporting MSMEs in Singa Village, with a focus on the efficiency of non-cash transactions and strengthening the digital financial ecosystem. The method used is literature research with a qualitative approach. The results show that the implementation of QRIS in MSMEs in Singa Village has a positive impact in increasing transaction efficiency through payment speed, transparency of transaction recording, and ease of access to digital finance. QRIS facilitates MSMEs to access faster and more secure payment systems, while expanding market reach by facilitating transactions between consumers and merchants. In addition, the implementation of QRIS contributes to strengthening financial inclusion in the village community, providing opportunities for residents to be more involved in the digital economy. Thus, it can be concluded that QRIS not only increases the competitiveness of MSMEs but also plays a significant role in strengthening community finances in Singa Village, making it more inclusive and sustainable in the digital era. The implementation of this technology is expected to continue to encourage more equitable local economic growth.

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology offers new opportunities to enhance the effectiveness of teaching and learning processes. However, the level of understanding and utilization of AI in vocational school environments remains varied. The socialization activity on the use of AI at SMK Negeri 4 Padangsidimpuan was carried out as an effort to improve digital literacy, pedagogical competence, and the skills of both students and teachers in effectively utilizing AI technology. The activity methods included material presentation, demonstrations of educational AI applications, and hands-on practice using several AI platforms for material creation, data analysis, and learning support. The results showed an improvement in teachers' and students' understanding of basic AI concepts, their ability to use AI tools in teaching, and increased motivation to integrate AI into the learning process. This socialization activity is expected to serve as an initial step in developing an adaptive, innovative, and technology-based learning ecosystem that aligns with the needs of the digital era.

Content commodification has become a dominant phenomenon within Indonesia’s digital ecosystem, where communication messages are no longer oriented toward use value such as education and enlightenment, but toward exchange value determined by algorithms, virality, and monetization potential. This transformation is evident in the behavior of content creators, online media, politicians, and government institutions that adjust their message formats to align with the logic of platforms such as TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube. Political content during the 2024 Election, clickbait practices in online journalism, and the aestheticization of public campaigns such as Bangga Buatan Indonesia(BBI) and Gerakan Kamis Pakai Lokal (GASPOL) demonstrate that content today is produced primarily to capture attention rather than to strengthen social literacy. Using a constructivist paradigm and a descriptive qualitative approach, this study analyzes how exchange value dominates meaning-making processes in digital spaces. Through the lenses of media political economy, cultural industries, and surveillance capitalism, the study shows that content commodification shifts the function of communication from a deliberative public sphere to a commercial arena governed by algorithms. These findings highlight the urgent need for digital literacy and communication ethics to safeguard the social role of media in Indonesia.

The transformation of education in the digital era demands a strong moral foundation to ensure that technological advancement does not erode human values. Pancasila, as the ideological and ethical foundation of Indonesia, plays a crucial role in guiding educational transformation to remain rooted in national moral values. This study aims to analyze the relevance and implementation of Pancasila values in shaping the morality of Generation Z amid the digitalization of education. The research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach through literature review, policy analysis, and observation of students’ digital behavior. The findings indicate that the internalization of Pancasila values within the digital education ecosystem contributes to strengthening character, ethical responsibility, and national awareness among Generation Z. However, key challenges include the lack of moral value integration in digital content and weak role modeling within educational environments. In conclusion, Pancasila-based educational transformation is not merely a technological innovation but a moral process that requires synergy among the government, educators, and society to create a humanistic, ethical, and civilized digital ecosystem.

The educational transformation driven by Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 requires teachers’ digital pedagogical competence. Preliminary observations at SMP Negeri 2 Galesong Selatan, Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, revealed a skills gap: conventional practices dominate while digital platforms remain underutilized. This community engagement program sought to bridge the gap through intensive training on Canva for visual learning media and Quizizz for gamified assessment. Conducted in August 2025 with 10 teachers across subjects, the program employed a participatory, four-stage procedure: preparation; socialization and pretest; training and coaching; and evaluation and posttest. Data were collected via observation, questionnaires, and knowledge tests, and analyzed descriptively and comparatively. Results indicate a marked improvement in teachers’ digital competence: the average score increased from 45 (pretest) to 85 (posttest), an 88.9% gain. By indicator, improvements reached 112.5% for understanding Canva features, 95.5% for digital learning media creation, and 64% for using Quizizz. Qualitatively, teachers produced engaging posters/infographics and slide presentations and designed interactive quizzes with instant feedback, fostering more varied and participatory classroom dynamics. The training effectively enhanced teachers’ digital literacy and confidence and supported a role shift from content deliverers to creative facilitators within student-centered learning. Replication and sustained coaching are recommended to consolidate a school-wide digital learning ecosystem.  

Digitalization has become a key factor driving global economic transformation, including the development of the Islamic economy in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the opportunities, challenges, and strategies for advancing the Islamic economy in the digital era through a literature-based research method. Information was gathered by reviewing documents, articles, and relevant literature related to the digitalization of the Islamic economy, including analyses of Sharia-compliant fintech, halal e-commerce, and digital Islamic banking.The findings indicate that digitalization offers numerous opportunities to enhance service efficiency, expand access to Islamic financial services, strengthen the capacity of MSMEs, and accelerate the growth of the halal industry. However, the digital transformation process also presents several challenges, such as low levels of digital and Islamic financial literacy, potential data breaches, the spread of misinformation, regulatory inefficiencies, and legal uncertainties associated with emerging technologies such as Sharia-compliant blockchain. In addition, digital inequality and ethical issues must be addressed to ensure alignment with the principles of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah.This study highlights the importance of implementing a comprehensive Sharia-based development strategy through regulatory strengthening, education on digital ethics, enhanced supervisory functions, and collaboration between the government, academia, industry players, and society. With the right approach, digitalization can become a significant tool in building an Islamic economic ecosystem that is just, inclusive, and sustainable.

This study aims to analyze the digital marketing strategies implemented by Islamic fintech platforms to enhance their competitiveness in the Islamic financial sector. The research is motivated by the rapid development of financial technology, which has significantly influenced consumer behavior and reshaped financial institutions’ business models, including those operating under Islamic principles. Despite this growth, Islamic fintech faces challenges in strengthening its brand image, user trust, and customer loyalty amidst the dominance of conventional fintech players. The study adopts a qualitative descriptive approach using case studies of selected Islamic fintech platforms such as Ammana, Ethis, and Investree Syariah. Data were collected through documentation, online interviews, and analysis of financial reports and official websites. The data were analyzed using the SWOT framework to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of current digital marketing strategies. The findings indicate that the use of social media, collaboration with Muslim influencers, and educational content about halal finance serve as key strategies for expanding market reach and building user trust. Consistent and Sharia-compliant digital marketing efforts have proven effective in enhancing brand awareness, customer loyalty, and Islamic financial inclusion. The implications of this research suggest that digital marketing is not merely a promotional tool but a strategic instrument to strengthen competitiveness and expand the global presence of Islamic fintech. With supportive regulations and improved digital literacy, Islamic fintech has the potential to become a driving force in transforming the Islamic financial ecosystem in the digital era.

This study aims to analyze the SWOT of the application of the Quick Response Indonesian Standard (QRIS) in deepening the understanding of financial management in micro business actors in the food sector in Tropodo, Sidoarjo. The method used is qualitative descriptive with case studies, through in-depth interviews with five business actors who have adopted QRIS. The data was analyzed using source triangulation to ensure the validity of the findings. The results of the study show that QRIS provides strength in the form of ease of transactions, automatic recording, cash flow transparency, and increased consumer competitiveness. Weaknesses that arise include delays in disbursement of funds, deduction fees, mixing business funds with personal funds, and lack of understanding of advanced features. From the external side, opportunities are reflected in the trend of cashless society, digital financial literacy, integration with supporting applications, and the expansion of the cashless payment ecosystem. Meanwhile, threats include network disruptions, security risks, reliance on service providers, and potential data leaks. Overall, QRIS not only acts as a means of payment, but also as a strategic instrument for MSME financial governance. Therefore, it is important to increase financial literacy and infrastructure support so that the benefits of QRIS can be optimized.

The rapid development of the digital economy and technology transformation requires the workforce to possess adaptive and sustainable skills. Life Long Learning (LLL) has become an essential strategy to maintain relevance, competitiveness, and the sustainability of workforce competencies in the digital era. This article aims to conceptualize the urgency of LLL in enhancing workforce competitiveness amidst the challenges and opportunities of the digital economy. The method used is a literature study, analyzing various journals, scholarly articles, and relevant documents. The findings show that LLL not only improves technical competencies but also strengthens soft skills and fosters a growth mindset, which is crucial in facing technological changes. LLL also enables the workforce to continuously develop, adapt to changes, and seize opportunities in the digital economy. To create a sustainable learning ecosystem, proactive government policies, cross-sector collaboration, and a workplace culture that supports continuous learning are essential. Therefore, LLL is key in preparing a competitive workforce capable of innovating in the ever-evolving digital era.

This study is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to map the dynamics, challenges, and impacts of innovation, especially driven by digitalization in the contemporary enterprise and entrepreneurial ecosystem. This SLR is important because the existing literature is still fragmented and has not yet presented an integrated synthesis in the midst of a VUCA (Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, and Ambiguous) business environment. Using the PRISMA methodology, 15 key articles for the 2020-2025 period were analyzed in depth. The main results show that digital innovation and entrepreneurial competence are the main determinants of MSME performance and competitiveness. There is a strong positive relationship between innovation and business performance. Interestingly, the findings indicate that individual entrepreneurial competencies often have a more direct and significant impact on performance than the results of product innovation itself. Although digitalization provides opportunities for market expansion and efficiency, MSMEs still face serious challenges in the form of digital literacy limitations and financial constraints. Educational institutions are emphasized to have a vital role in building sustainable entrepreneurial and ethical attitudes. The theoretical implication is the need for more sophisticated models to differentiate innovation impact pathways. Meanwhile, its managerial implications encourage business actors to focus on process innovation and improve adaptive competencies in order to survive global uncertainty.

Purpose – This article aim For develop approach new in management source Power strategic human resources with integrate dimensions adaptive and cognitive in context digital transformation of organizations . Research This based on synthesis theoretical from works Prihantoro et al . (2022–2023), in order to review return the role of HR as driver main superiority competitive based knowledge in the era of disruption technology . Design/ methodology / approach – This article use method studies library conceptual with approach qualitative- descriptive analysis done to six work main topic that discusses strategic HR topics , digitalization organization and learning organization . Synthesis done For building an integrative model that emphasizes influence digital transformation towards performance and development of organizational human resources . Findings – Results of analysis show that approach adaptive-cognitive can strengthening HR strategy in face change environment business . Merger digital competence , ability Study organization , as well as leadership transformative proven become key in optimize HR functions in general strategic . HR is not Again only nature administrative , but is driving force main innovation and efficiency . Implications practical – Organization need designing repeat digital learning- based HR policies , building ecosystem management knowledge , as well as push culture Innovation . Data- driven and intelligence-driven HR practices artificial is also recommended For taking decision strategic . Originality / Value – This article offer novelty conceptual through integration theory learning organization and approach mark in digital HR management . Contribution This expand traditional HRM coverage to realm more strategic​ responsive to challenge technology .

The digital era has significantly impacted various sectors of life, including the development of the Islamic economy. Young people, as the majority of digital technology users, hold a strategic role in accelerating the growth and advancement of Islamic economics. This study aims to analyze the role of youth in driving the transformation of Islamic economics in the digital era, particularly through technological financial innovations (Islamic fintech), Islamic economic literacy, and the utilization of social media as a medium for education and halal product promotion. This research employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach, examining relevant references from journals, books, and recent digital sources. The findings reveal that youth are not only consumers but also innovators, entrepreneurs, and change agents in advancing the Islamic economy. Their involvement in Sharia-based start-ups, halal e-commerce, and the digitalization of zakat, infaq, sadaqah, and waqf (ZISWAF) provides concrete evidence of their contribution. In conclusion, youth serve as the key driver in the acceleration of digital-based Islamic economics, provided that their roles are supported by improved literacy, adequate regulations, and an inclusive digital ecosystem.

Goals – Goals from studies This is For explore approach strategic in development System Information Management (SIM) as integral part in support digital transformation of modern organizations. Study This emphasize importance integration technology information , effective data management as well as improvement digital competence resources Power man in operation system. Design/ methodology / approach – Conceptual article This use method review library with analyze various work relevant academic and technical manuals , in particular related implementation of SIM in the sector public and private . Study This referring to the works Jatnika et al. (2022–2024), including utilization Microsoft Office applications as skills supporting basis​ organizational digital literacy . Findings – Findings studies This show that SIM development is not just effort technical , but rather need strategic in support digital transformation . Key strategies covers design modular systems , data mining integration , training programs based users , and evaluation system in a way periodic . Components This allows organization build responsive and adaptive SIM ecosystem . Implications practical – Organizations that want to do digital transformation is necessary invest in development digital capabilities of sources Power the human as well as ensure effectiveness use developed SIM system in a way strategic can become driving force main in increase efficiency , accuracy , and capability taking decision across work units . Originality / value – Study This offers a conceptual model structured about development of SIM in context digital transformation , based on literature applications and needs organizations in the real world . This article give outlook practical for taker policy , IT managers , and HR developers .  

APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) have become a key component in the development of modern digital products and the transformation of cloud-based services. Its ability to provide structured access to data and enable cross-platform integration makes APIs at the core of the enterprise's digital architecture. However, the high level of API openness poses increasingly complex security challenges, including potential data exploitation, injection attacks, credential misuse, and exploitation of business logic loopholes. This article examines the strategic role of APIs in the digital ecosystem, analyzes the operational risks that arise from API exposure, and evaluates the effectiveness of basic defense mechanisms such as API Gateways and Web Application Firewalls (WAFs). The findings of the study show that while both solutions play an important role in controlling access, filtering, and mitigating attacks at the surface layer, they have not been able to provide comprehensive protection against modern API threats that are dynamic, distributed, and often exploit weaknesses at the application and business logic levels. Therefore, a more holistic, layered, and sustainable API security approach is needed, including anomalous behavior detection, API abuse protection, and real-time monitoring to maintain the integrity and reliability of digital services.