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Waste is a growing environmental issue, particularly in residential areas lacking effective waste management systems. This community service activity aims to improve environmental literacy through a waste management education program implemented in collaboration with the Ija Plastic Gang community. The methods used include outreach, participatory education, household-based waste management training, and ongoing mentoring. The results of the activity indicate an increase in community understanding regarding waste types, sorting methods, and simple recycling practices. Furthermore, the formation of new habits in waste management is an indicator of the program's success. The activity also fostered a sense of collective responsibility among community members toward maintaining a clean and healthy living environment. Through consistent mentoring and hands-on practice, participants demonstrated greater confidence in applying waste reduction strategies at the household level. The collaboration with the Ija Plastic Gang community proved instrumental in accelerating behavior change, as peer-to-peer engagement strengthened motivation and accountability. Ultimately, this initiative highlights the importance of integrating environmental education into community development programs to achieve long-term ecological sustainability.

This study aims to examine Deuteronomy 22:13-30 using a hermeneutic approach and relate it to the current level of awareness of early marriage among Christian congregations. The method used was a qualitative literature study, with the Bible as the primary source, supplemented by various related theological literature. The results indicate that this section of the text contains important theological values, such as holiness, justice, responsibility, and respect for human dignity, especially women, in the context of marriage. Although this text originates from the patriarchal culture of ancient Israel, its principles remain relevant in today's context. Regarding the phenomenon of early marriage, it was found that this practice often occurs without adequate preparation, whether emotional, spiritual, or economic, and thus risks causing various problems in the household. Therefore, the church has a responsibility to raise congregational awareness through faith formation, premarital education, and contextual pastoral care. This study confirms that marriage is a life calling that requires maturity and serious commitment, not simply a solution to social problems.

This study examines the eschatological. Dimensions present in the encyclical Laudato Si’ and their implications for ecological responsibility within the Christian faith. The increasing global ecological crisis necessitates a serious theological reflection capable of grounding believers’ engagement with environmental issues in their faith convictions. Eschatology, as the doctrinal framework concerning ultimate realities, addresses not merely the end of individual human existence but, more profoundly, the hope for the renewal and transformation of all creation in God. The research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach, drawing primarily on ecclesiastical documents, Sacred Scripture, and relevant theological literature. The findings demonstrate that Laudato Si’ integrates a robust eschatological vision, wherein the promise of “a new heaven and a new earth” constitutes the theological foundation for human responsibility toward creation. Contrary to interpretations that treat eschatological hope as a rationale for passivity or disengagement from the world, Laudato Si’ affirms that such hope actively motivates believers to participate in the care and preservation of the environment as an integral expression of their faith calling. This study concludes that eschatology possesses genuine practical relevance for everyday Christian life, particularly in cultivating ecological awareness. Faith in the ultimate fulfillment of God’s salvific plan, far from diminishing present-day responsibilities, intensifies the moral obligation to treat the earth as a “common home” entrusted to humanity.

This article discusses ethical values in the philosophy of Islamic education as a response to contemporary challenges, such as moral crisis, declining character, and identity confusion. This study uses a literature review method with a philosophical and normative approach, based on Islamic teachings and the thoughts of educational figures. The results show that the philosophy of Islamic education contains important values such as monotheism, justice, responsibility, honesty, and good morals. These values are interconnected and play a significant role in shaping human personality. In addition to serving as a theoretical foundation, these values also function as guidelines in educational practice aimed at forming a complete human being (insan kamil). In the modern era, which is influenced by globalization and technological development, the application of Islamic ethical values is highly important to maintain a balance between intellectual intelligence and spiritual maturity. Therefore, the philosophy of Islamic education remains relevant as a solution for creating an education system that is not only intellectually advanced but also character-based and morally grounded. This study emphasizes that Islamic education needs to be directed toward the formation of moral awareness, the strengthening of spirituality, and the development of students’ social responsibility in daily life.  

The creation narrative in Genesis 1–2 serves as an essential theological foundation for understanding the origin of the world and the nature of humanity. This text not only describes God’s creative acts but also affirms the unique dignity of human beings. This study aims to examine the meaning of the creation narrative in Genesis 1–2 and its relevance to the concept of human dignity in the modern era. The method employed is a literature study using exegetical and theological approaches, through analysis of biblical texts and relevant scholarly sources. The findings indicate that Genesis 1 emphasizes order, the goodness of creation, and the creation of humans in the image and likeness of God (imago Dei), while Genesis 2 highlights the relational and existential dimensions of humanity, including relationships with God, others, and nature. The concept of imago Dei affirms that humans possess intrinsic value, freedom, reason, and moral responsibility. In a contemporary context, this narrative remains relevant as an ethical foundation to reject violations of human dignity such as discrimination, violence, and exploitation, while also encouraging ecological awareness and responsibility toward the environment. Therefore, the creation narrative holds not only theological significance but also contributes meaningfully to the development of humane, dignified, and sustainable values.

Student character building is an important goal in the education system, particularly in Christian Religious Education (CRE) which emphasizes not only cognitive aspects but also the development of moral and spiritual values. However, various character issues such as low discipline, responsibility, and social awareness remain challenges in the school environment. Therefore, a learning strategy is needed that can integrate Biblical values contextually into the educational process. This study aims to analyze learning strategies based on Matthew 11:28–30 in shaping student character at SMP Negeri 1 Moro’o, West Nias Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving Christian Religious Education teachers and students. The results of the study indicate that the values contained in Matthew 11:28–30, such as love, humility, gentleness, and peace of mind, can be implemented through contextual learning strategies, teacher role models, and reflective learning. The implementation of these strategies contributes to student character building, especially in improving attitudes of discipline, responsibility, and concern for others. The novelty of this research lies in the development of a learning strategy framework based on theological analysis of Matthew 11:28–30 which is practically integrated into Christian Religious Education learning to shape students' character.

This study aims to collect Serawai ethnic folktales, analyze their narrative structures, and identify the cultural values embedded within them. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method using structural and cultural value approaches. Data were obtained through interviews with informants, resulting in the collection of six Serawai folktales, namely Si Pahit Lidah (Serunting Sakti), Dusun Tinggi (Sebakas), Danau Kuranding, Batu Balai, Misteri Bukit Candi, and Sepit Kancing. The analysis focuses on structural elements, including theme, plot, characters and characterization, and setting, followed by an examination of cultural values using Clyde Kluckhohn’s cultural value orientation theory. The findings show that the six folktales are constructed through the integration of narrative elements that form a unified meaning and convey moral and cultural messages to the community. The dominant character, Serunting Sakti, represents wisdom, moral responsibility, and leadership. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that Serawai folktales contain five cultural value orientations proposed by Kluckhohn: the nature of human life, human work, human relations with time, human relations with nature, and human relations with others. These values are reflected in attitudes of wisdom, honesty, responsibility, hard work, appreciation of experience, environmental awareness, mutual cooperation, deliberation, and respect for customary traditions. Among these orientations, the most dominant is human relations with others. Overall, Serawai folktales function as oral literary heritage and as a medium for transmitting cultural values, preserving local wisdom, and strengthening Serawai cultural identity.

This community service activity aims to instill religious values in the students at TPQ Miftakhul Huda by establishing the habit of praying before and after wudu, as an effort to transform worship practices from mere physical routines into profound spiritual experiences. Using the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, this program is carried out through five main stages: discovery, dream, design, define, and do. The results of the activity indicate that through intensive demonstration and practical guidance, the students experienced significant improvement in discipline, awareness of maintaining purity, and moral responsibility as manifestations of Muslim character from an early age. Integrating prayer into the wudu practice has proven effective as an educational tool in building the foundation of faith from an early age, or the “golden age.” The synergy between the student team, educators, and the utilization of institutional facilities proved effective in establishing operational standards for character education that comprehensively integrate physical, mental, and theological aspects. Thus, the practice of wudu prayer serves as a strategic educational tool in strengthening children’s foundational faith during the golden age amidst the challenges of shifting global values.

This study addresses the limited integration of environmental education, Islamic values, and creative learning practices in existing pedagogical models. It proposes an eco-friendly Islamic calligraphy approach as an innovative medium for recycling-based learning that promotes both ecological awareness and spiritual development. The study adopts a Participatory Action Research (PAR) design involving 22 students from diverse educational levels at Sanggar Bimbingan Bintang Sembilan. Data were collected through structured observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using an iterative qualitative framework to identify changes in students’ cognitive, affective, and behavioral domains. The findings indicate that students initially exhibited low environmental awareness, minimal engagement, and limited ability to utilize recyclable materials creatively. Following the intervention, there was a substantial increase in active participation, creative output, and conceptual understanding of environmental sustainability. Students also demonstrated observable behavioral shifts, particularly in waste reuse practices and environmental responsibility. In addition, the incorporation of Islamic values reinforced ethical awareness and strengthened students’ sense of stewardship toward the environment. This study contributes to the advancement of interdisciplinary learning by offering a contextual and practice-oriented model that integrates environmental education, religious values, and art-based pedagogy. The proposed approach not only enhances student engagement but also fosters holistic learning outcomes, making it a viable alternative to conventional instructional methods in sustainability education.

This study aims to reflect on the theological meaning of natural disasters in Sumatra (Aceh, Simeulue, Padang) from an ecological perspective. Although Sumatra is geologically prone to earthquakes and tectonic activities due to its location on the Pacific Ring of Fire, hydrometeorological disasters such as floods and landslides are exacerbated by human actions, including deforestation, watershed degradation, and uncontrolled land conversion. This research employs a qualitative-descriptive approach using library research and a theological-reflective method. Primary sources include Sacred Scripture, Church documents (Laudato Si', Gaudium et Spes, General Directory for Catechesis), and relevant ecological theology literature. The findings indicate that natural disasters in Sumatra can be interpreted as "signs of the times" revealing both ecological and moral crises. Disasters are not divine punishment but consequences of humanity's misuse of freedom in managing creation. Ecological conversion is urgently needed at personal, social, and structural levels. Within the catechetical framework, disaster experiences become "texts of life" that guide the faithful toward mature faith expressed in lifestyle changes, solidarity, and responsibility for our common home.

 The ecological crisis calls for faith formation that can foster contextual ecological awareness among the faithful. One relevant approach is through catechesis that integrates local wisdom, such as the Batang Garing symbol in Dayak culture. This study aims to explore the ecological values embedded in the Batang Garing symbol and to reflect on them in the light of Church teachings in order to formulate a contextual ecological catechesis model. The method used is qualitative research with a literature study approach, employing descriptive-analytical and comparative analysis of theological and cultural sources. The findings show that Batang Garing contains values of relationality, cosmic balance, and moral responsibility that are aligned with the concept of integral ecology in Church teachings. The integration of these values into catechesis enables a more contextual, communicative, and transformative faith formation. The implication of this study highlights the importance of developing catechetical models based on local culture as an effective means to foster ecological awareness among the faithful and to encourage concrete actions in caring for creation as an expression of faith.

In the face of Indonesia’s escalating family crises amid rapid digital disruption and post-pandemic social recovery, this study proposes a novel “Dual-Ethos Synergy Model” that integrates the Fruits of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22–23) with the second principle of Pancasila, namely “Just and Civilized Humanity.” The study is grounded in qualitative fieldwork conducted at Gereja Bethel Indonesia Pemulihan Keluarga Allah (GBI PKA). The findings demonstrate that the integration of Christian spiritual values and civic ethics fosters restorative character formation within families and church communities. This synergy produces practical outcomes, including stronger empathy in community service, improved interpersonal relationships, and more constructive conflict resolution practices. Using data gathered through nine in-depth interviews, participant observations, and document analysis, the study addresses existing gaps in urban church discipleship by combining spiritual transformation with social responsibility and civic engagement. The proposed model also offers implications for scalable digital-hybrid ministry programs focused on family restoration and contributes to the development of contextual theological praxis within pluralistic and multicultural societies. Limitations of the study and recommendations for future research are also discussed.

This study aims to analyze group counseling services using the behavioral contract technique in reducing students' procrastination behavior at the junior high school level. Academic procrastination is a common problem among students, characterized by delaying task completion, lack of study discipline, and poor time management skills. This research employs a qualitative approach with a library research method by examining various relevant sources such as books, scientific journals, and articles. The data analysis technique used is content analysis to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the concept and implementation of the behavioral contract technique in group counseling. The results of the study indicate that group counseling services are effective in helping students understand and overcome procrastination behavior through supportive group dynamics. The application of the behavioral contract technique is proven to enhance students’ commitment, discipline, and responsibility in completing academic tasks. In addition, the reinforcement system within the behavioral contract encourages students to maintain positive behavior consistently. Therefore, group counseling with the behavioral contract technique can be considered an effective strategy to reduce students' academic procrastination at the junior high school level.

At MA Al-Mahdi Serang, there are challenges in the form of psychological distance between students and guidance and counseling teachers, as well as the negative influence of peers in the digital era that threaten students' independence and religious character. Islamic peer counseling is an alternative guidance and counseling strategy to support students' psychological needs while strengthening their independence and religious character. This study aims to (1) analyze the implementation of Islamic peer counseling services, (2) determine their influence on student independence, (3) explore their contribution to fostering religious character, and (4) formulate an effective Islamic guidance and counseling service model at MA Al-Mahdi Serang. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. The research informants were 13 people consisting of the principal who is also a guidance and counseling teacher, the vice principal for curriculum, subject teachers, and students. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using thematic analysis. The results of the study indicate that: (1) the implementation of Islamic peer counseling is carried out through a peer counselor recruitment process based on the criteria of noble character and communication skills, as well as counseling skills training based on the values ​​of brotherhood and tabayyun; (2) Islamic peer counseling services have a positive influence on student independence, particularly in self-management and decision-making; (3) Islamic peer counseling contributes to the development of religious character through the internalization of the values ​​of honesty, responsibility, discipline in worship, and the culture of tawashau bil haqq; and (4) the formulation of an Islamic peer counseling model based on the values ​​of brotherhood as an adaptive and contextual guidance and counseling service in madrasas.

 Education in the 21st century demands a paradigm shift from passive learning to collaborative and student-centered learning, in line with the Merdeka Curriculum’s emphasis on the value of mutual cooperation. However, challenges arise due to the younger generation’s heavy reliance on technology, which tends to foster individualism. This study aims to examine the implementation of cooperative learning strategies as a solution to foster social interaction and student engagement. Cooperative learning strategies constitute a conceptual framework for a series of learning activities within heterogeneous small groups to achieve shared goals. Through a literature review, it was found that the implementation of these strategies involves systematic steps ranging from group formation, problem-solving discussions, to group recognition. The results of the analysis indicate that cooperative strategies have significant advantages in enhancing students’ self-confidence, independence, responsibility, and academic achievement. Although they have limitations regarding time management and the need for specific skills among educators, these strategies are considered highly relevant for fostering students’ character to be inclusive, tolerant, and capable of collaborating amidst differences.

The practice of adulterating RON 92 (Pertamax) fuel has the potential to violate consumer rights and is contrary to applicable laws and regulations. The practice of mixing lower-quality fuel and then marketing it as RON 92 results in material and immaterial losses for users, including reduced vehicle performance and a loss of trust in business operators. This research aims to analyze the legal protections available to consumers regarding the practice of adulterating fuel based on Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and related provisions in Law Number 22 of 2001 concerning Oil and Gas. The research method used is normative legal research with a library research approach, through analysis of relevant laws and regulations, scientific literature, and secondary legal sources. The results indicate that the practice of adulterating fuel violates consumers' rights to comfort, security, safety, and accurate information as stipulated in Article 4 of the Consumer Protection Law, and violates the obligations of business actors as stipulated in Articles 7 and 8 of the Consumer Protection Law. Business actors can be held accountable for civil damages, dispute resolution through the Consumer Dispute Resolution Agency (BPSK), or subject to administrative and criminal sanctions in accordance with the Oil and Gas Law. Therefore, legal protection for consumers in cases of fuel adulteration requires an interconnectedness between effective government oversight, firm law enforcement, business actor accountability, and increased consumer legal awareness to ensure legal certainty and fairness in trade activities.

Work discipline is a crucial element in improving employee performance, particularly in the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector such as automotive workshops, which often face managerial and structural challenges. This study aims to explore the understanding, implementation, and influence of work discipline on employee performance at Gandi Jaya Motor Workshop, Jombang, within a local context characterized by religious values and informal work culture. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, and were analyzed thematically. The findings reveal that work discipline is perceived as a form of personal responsibility driven by leadership example and religious values, rather than by formal systems alone. External factors such as limited infrastructure and the absence of a structured HR evaluation system also affect performance effectiveness. These findings expand the scope of Work Discipline and Employee Performance theories by incorporating social and cultural dimensions as determinants of work behavior. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for a humanistic approach to HR management in MSMEs and recommends further exploration with broader participant coverage and more diverse methodological approaches.

This paper discusses the concept of global ethics put forward by Hans Küng as a universal moral framework in the face of the reality of a plural world. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method to examine Küng's thoughts on global ethics, its basic principles, and its implications in social life and interreligious dialogue. The results of the study show that global ethics is a consensus of universal moral values that is not intended as a new religion, but as a common basis for all mankind in building a peaceful and just life. Principles such as humanity, non-violence, solidarity, honesty, and equality are the main cornerstones in building cross-cultural and religious relations. In addition, global ethics also encourages collective responsibility in maintaining social justice, human rights, and environmental sustainability. However, global ethics also faces criticism of its normative tendencies as well as the challenges of achieving universal consensus amid differences in values, cultures, and political interests. Therefore, the implementation of global ethics requires an inclusive, open, and sustainable dialogue. Thus, global ethics has strong relevance as the foundation of interreligious dialogue in creating sustainable global peace and harmony.

This research is motivated by the reality of religious diversity at SMP Pembangunan V Yapis Waena, where non-Muslim students also take part in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) classes. The purpose of this study is to explore and describe the responses of non-Muslim students in receiving PAI lessons, viewed from the aspects of attitudes, behavior, and learning outcomes.This research employed a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, using observation, interviews, and documentation techniques that involved the principal, Islamic Religious Education teachers, and non-Muslim students as informants.The findings show that, in general, non-Muslim students respond positively to PAI learning, with a tolerant and open attitude toward universal materials such as morals, ethics, and humanitarian values, although they tend to be passive when dealing with ritual content that does not align with their faith. In terms of behavior, they attend classes on time, follow teacher instructions, participate in group discussions, and complete assignments despite difficulties with Arabic readings. Meanwhile, their learning outcomes are fairly good in general aspects, indicating that PAI lessons benefit them in fostering respect, discipline, and responsibility. The study concludes that PAI learning at SMP Pembangunan V Yapis Waena is accepted by non-Muslim students in a tolerant, adaptive, and constructive manner thanks to inclusive teaching strategies, school policies emphasizing tolerance, and a conducive classroom atmosphere.

This study examines the role of the Karawang Cerdas Scholarship in fostering students’ responsibility and learning motivation in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) among 11th-grade students at MAN 2 Karawang. The study was motivated by the importance of developing responsibility and learning motivation as essential objectives of Islamic education while exploring the scholarship’s contribution beyond financial assistance. A qualitative case study approach was employed, with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation involving scholarship recipients, PAI teachers, and program administrators. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the Karawang Cerdas Scholarship strengthens students’ academic responsibility, discipline, compliance with school regulations, awareness of maintaining the school’s reputation, and accountability in utilizing scholarship funds through the Statement of Absolute Responsibility (SPTJM). The program also enhances learning motivation, reflected in increased enthusiasm, active classroom participation, sustained academic achievement, and clearer educational goals. These improvements contribute to higher attendance, better PAI learning outcomes, fewer disciplinary violations, and the development of positive character traits. The study concludes that the Karawang Cerdas Scholarship functions not only as financial assistance but also as an effective instrument for character development and learning motivation.