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The fleeting nature of human life constitutes a key theme in theological reflections within the Old Testament, particularly in the Book of Psalms in the Alkitab, which highlights human limitations and the inherent uncertainty of existence. Psalm 39:6–7 depicts human life as a transient shadow and emphasizes the futility of human efforts if they are not oriented toward God. This study seeks to explore the meaning of human transience in this passage and assess its theological significance for contemporary life. A qualitative approach with biblical hermeneutics is employed, considering historical, literary, and theological dimensions. The analysis indicates that the metaphor of the “shadow” illustrates human fragility, while the depiction of life’s futility critiques the human tendency to find purpose solely in worldly endeavors. Despite this, Psalm 39 ultimately directs readers toward hope in God, portraying Him as the ultimate source of true meaning. In a modern, materialistic context, this message continues to be relevant as a reminder of human dependency on God and the limitations of human life. Therefore, the transience of life does not signify the end of existential purpose but rather opens the way to deeper spiritual insight and the strengthening of faith.

Religious and cultural diversity are inseparable realities of modern society. In the era of globalization, interactions among people from different religious and cultural backgrounds have become increasingly intensive, creating both opportunities and challenges for the practice of religious mission. These conditions require an inclusive, contextual, and dialogical approach in order for mission to remain relevant and constructive within pluralistic communities. This study aims to analyze the relationship between mission and dialogue in the context of multiculturalism and religious plurality. The research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach. Data were collected from books, scientific journals, and relevant theological documents, and were analyzed descriptively and interpretively. The findings indicate that mission should not be understood merely as the proclamation of the Gospel, but as active participation in Missio Dei, expressed through acts of love, justice, compassion, and peace. Interreligious dialogue serves as a strategic means of fostering tolerance, mutual understanding, respect, and cooperation among people of different faiths. The integration of mission and dialogue therefore represents a relevant and transformative approach for promoting social harmony and peaceful coexistence in pluralistic societies, particularly in the Indonesian context.

The book on the City of God and the City of Man is a masterpiece by St. Augustine that is very influential in the history of philosophy and theology. This book contains the background of Augustine's philosophical and theological reflections on the accusation of the destruction of the Roman Empire against Christianity. The City of God described in Augustine's perspective is a city that prioritizes love for God. While the City of Man is a city that reflects self-love. The implications of both types of cities in Augustine's perspective are very relevant to be discussed in the discourse on the concept of statehood. This paper also aims to analyze the relationship between democracy and capitalism in the perspective of Augustine of Hippo's thought, especially through the concept of civitas Dei (City of God) and civitas terrena (World City). This study uses a qualitative method with a library research approach. The results of this study show that democracy and capitalism, although providing space for freedom, are vulnerable to deviations when not guided by the correct moral orientation. In light of Augustine's thought, the crisis in modern democracy such as; Money politics, media manipulation, and anarchic demonstrations reflect the dominance of self-love (amor sui) that characterizes the civitas terrena. Therefore, democracy can only operate fairly if it is rooted in moral values ​​that lead to the common good (Bonum communae).

Knowledge should not only make human beings intellectually capable, but also guide them to understand the meaning and direction of life. However, in modern education, knowledge is often reduced to an instrument for obtaining grades, degrees, employment, and material success. This condition indicates a crisis of meaning in education, where knowledge grows rapidly but is not always followed by moral awareness and spiritual maturity. This article examines the Philosophy of Unity of Sciences as an alternative paradigm to restore the meaning of knowledge in modern education. This study uses library research with a descriptive-critical approach. The primary sources include the Qur’an, Hadith, Al-Ghazali’s Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm Al-Dīn, Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas’ Islam and Secularism, and the Javanese ethical text Serat Wedhatama. This article is also strengthened by the thoughts of Muslim scholars such as Al-Kindi, Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, Al-Biruni, Ibn Al-Haytham, Al-Khawarizmi, and Ibn Khaldun. The result of this study shows that the Philosophy of Unity of Sciences views all knowledge as originating from Allah. Therefore, religious knowledge and general knowledge should not be separated or opposed to each other. Both should work together to form human beings who are faithful, rational, ethical, and responsible. In this sense, knowledge can be understood as “a way home”, namely a way to return to God, to the self, to humanity, and to nature.

Advances in digital technology have transformed the paradigm of faith proclamation, requiring the Church to optimize social media as a relevant catechetical instrument. This study aims to examine how the use of the TikTok platform can be optimized as an effective means of creative catechesis in connecting complex faith teachings for people in the digital era. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a literature study technique, where data is collected from various scientific literature, Church documents, and relevant library sources. The research findings indicate that TikTok is an effective digital space for catechesis because it is supported by attractive audio-visual features, interactive features such as stitches and comments that enable two-way dialogue, and an algorithmic system that expands the reach of proclamation. The strategy of catechesis through short videos has proven to be able to change the perception of faith teaching that has become rigid to a more personal spiritual experience that is easily understood by all levels of society, especially the younger generation. The implications of this study emphasize the need for the Church to consistently adapt to digital culture and increase content creativity to ensure the continuity of inclusive evangelization amidst the dynamics of modern developments.

This article analyzes the nature of knowledge (al-‘ilm) from the perspective of Islamic educational philosophy amid the current wave of secularization of knowledge, which has produced a dichotomy between religious knowledge and general knowledge. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method with a literature review approach. The findings indicate that in Islamic philosophy, knowledge is not merely understood as an accumulation of empirical data, but also as light (nūr) that connects the subject and the object through a divine intermediary (wasilah ketuhanan). The sources of knowledge include revelation, reason, and sensory perception, which are operationalized through the instruments of the heart (qalb) and intellect (‘aql). This understanding affirms that knowledge possesses both intellectual and spiritual dimensions that are interrelated and inseparable. Furthermore, the implication of this conception of knowledge is the necessity of reconstructing the Islamic education curriculum in an integrative and interconnected manner to overcome the existing dichotomy of knowledge. Thus, Islamic education is expected to produce the ideal human being (insan kamil) who achieves a balance between intellectual intelligence and spiritual depth. The findings also emphasize the importance of epistemological integration in modern Islamic education systems and the strengthening of spiritual values in the learning process.

This study aims to analyze the comparison of personal branding strategies implemented by Amry Sophia MUA and Lia Makeup through social media portfolios. The research used a qualitative approach with a comparative case study design. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, digital observations on Instagram and TikTok accounts, and documentation of both participants’ portfolio content. Data analysis was conducted through verbatim transcription, thematic analysis, and triangulation between interview results and digital observation findings. The results show that Amry Sophia MUA builds personal branding through a consistent visual identity characterized by a modern glam look and Thailand makeup style that appears soft, flawless, and elegant. The target market is more focused on wedding makeup and young adult brides-to-be. Meanwhile, Lia Makeup presents a flawless natural look that is more flexible and suitable for a wider audience. Lia Makeup is also supported by a media team, making the content management more structured and consistent. Both MUAs use Instagram as a visual portfolio platform and TikTok as a medium to show makeup processes, tutorials, and audience interaction. In addition, quick responses, customer testimonials, and authenticity are important factors in building trust and a professional image on social media. Therefore, this study indicates that strong personal branding can be developed through visual consistency, appropriate content strategies, audience segmentation, and effective communication with potential clients.

Waqf is one of the instruments of Islamic economics that holds great potential for improving community welfare and promoting sustainable socioeconomic development. However, this potential has not been fully realized due to low public participation in waqf. This situation indicates that messages and education regarding waqf have not been effectively communicated to the general public. This study aims to analyze how the distribution, promotion, and advertising of waqf messages are conducted to the public through a case study of the Indonesian Waqf Board in South Tangerang City. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with a constructivist paradigm. Data collection was conducted through interviews, observations, documentation, and literature review to obtain a comprehensive picture of the waqf communication strategies implemented. The results of the study indicate that the distribution of waqf messages is still limited to seminars, workshops, and incidental activities, resulting in uneven information reach. Waqf promotion has also not been conducted consistently and remains conventional, while the use of digital advertising and social media has not been maximized. The main obstacles faced include low public literacy regarding waqf, a lack of professionalism among waqf administrators, and minimal public trust in waqf management. This study concludes that the development of waqf requires modern communication strategies through the digitization of messages, consistent promotion, increased institutional transparency, and intensive use of social media in order to significantly increase public participation in waqf.

This article aims to reconstruct legal awareness and social justice in the context of a contemporary rule of law through the integration of economic law, digital law, civil law, criminal law, and constitutional law within the framework of citizenship rights and Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence Theory. The main problem of this research stems from the fact that the development of the modern legal system tends to be sectoral, formalistic, and not fully responsive to social change, unequal access to justice, and digital transformation that affects the relationship between citizens and the law. This research uses a normative legal research method with a conceptual, legislative, and sociological approach. The results of the study indicate that legal awareness is not simply understood as formal compliance with norms, but must be developed as a substantive awareness oriented towards social justice, protection of citizenship rights, and public welfare. From the perspective of Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence, law is positioned not only as a regulatory instrument, but also as a means of social transformation based on the values ​​of justice, moral responsibility, and siding with the interests of society. Integration across legal branches is crucial for the legal system to more comprehensively address issues related to economics, digitalization, civil relations, criminal enforcement, and state governance. Therefore, the reconstruction of legal awareness must be directed toward establishing a legal paradigm that is integrative, humanistic, adaptive, and socially just.

Online gambling has become an important phenomenon in today's society, influencing various aspects of social and cultural life. This research aims to explore the impact of online gambling on the formation of global identity and the changes occurring within modern society. Using a descriptive qualitative method, data were collected through interviews with five students in Tanjung Pinang. The findings indicate that online gambling not only alters the way people interact but also leads to shifts in social values, evident in the rise of consumerist and individualistic culture. While there are negative effects, such as addiction and a decline in the quality of social relationships, online gambling also presents opportunities in the digital economy. This study recommends the need for better regulation and educational programs to raise public awareness about the risks associated with online gambling, as well as to leverage its potential benefits. Thus, this research is expected to provide a deeper understanding of the role of online gambling in shaping global identity and the dynamics of modern society.

This research examines the transition from brand awareness to brand meaning within saturated digital ecosystems, specifically focusing on how global brands like Pepsi and Apple navigate the "paradox of ubiquity." The objective is to identify the mechanisms through which brand authenticity and cultural resonance cultivate long-term loyalty and prevent product substitution. Utilizing a qualitative analysis of contemporary branding frameworks and case studies, the study demonstrates that mere visibility is insufficient in modern markets; instead, consumers demand a "glass box" alignment between internal corporate culture and external values. Findings reveal that brand authenticity, characterized by continuity and integrity, serves as a critical defense against commoditization by fostering self-congruity between the brand and the consumer's identity. The implications suggest that brand management must pivot toward narrative-driven communication and community-centric strategies that prioritize cultural salience over vanity reach metrics. Ultimately, the study concludes that in the digital age, a brand’s significance in a consumer's life is the primary driver of resilient brand equity.

The advancement of digital technology has significantly transformed organizational decision-making, particularly in modern leadership contexts that demand rapid and data-driven responses. Artificial Intelligence(AI) has emerged as a strategic technology capable of enhancing accuracy, speed, and effectiveness in decision-making through comprehensive data analysis. This study aims to analyze the role of AI in supporting leadership decision-making and its implications for organizational effectiveness using a narrative literature review approach. Secondary data comprising peer-reviewed national and international journal articles were analyzed to identify patterns, themes, and interactions between AI, leadership, and decision-making processes. The findings indicate that AI functions not only as a data analysis tool but also as a strategic element that strengthens leaders’ capabilities in evidence-based decision-making, improves team coordination, and optimizes organizational processes. Thematic synthesis identified three main domains analytics and predictive capabilities, leadership strategies, and implementation challenges that form the basis for integrating AI into managerial practice. This study contributes theoretically by expanding the digital leadership and technology-based decision-making framework and practically by providing guidance for organizations to optimize AI utilization to enhance decision quality and efficiency. The research also offers directions for future empirical studies to explore AI-leadership interactions across various organizational sectors, supporting more adaptive, effective, and data-driven decision-making in the digital era.

This community service activity aimed to strengthen the branding and improve the digital marketing capacity of the Tape Ketan MSME in Mondoteko Village through the utilization of social media and packaging innovation. The business partner faced several major problems, including weak business visual identity, limited use of social media as a promotional tool, and simple product packaging designs that were less attractive to consumers. These conditions resulted in low product appeal and limited marketing reach. The implementation method used a participatory approach through direct assistance to business owners. The activity stages included initial observation, identification of partner needs, design of promotional banners, creation and optimization of social media accounts, and redesign of product packaging to make it more modern, informative, and marketable. In addition, MSME owners were educated about the importance of branding, digital marketing strategies, and consistency in building a business image. The results showed an increase in the understanding and skills of MSME owners in utilizing digital media for promotion. Product packaging became more attractive and professional, while the use of social media became more active and organized. These improvements had a positive impact on increasing consumer interest, expanding market reach, and enhancing the competitiveness of MSMEs in a sustainable manner.

This research aims to analyze the integration of biblical authority in the construction of the theological education curriculum through a theological and pedagogical approach. The authority of the Bible as the normative and final word of God has a central role in the formation of doctrine, ethics, and practices of church life, so it should be the main foundation in the development of the theological education curriculum. In practice, however, there is a tendency that the construction of the curriculum is more influenced by modern academic and pedagogical approaches without adequate integration into biblical theological foundations. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach that analyzes various sources of systematic theology and Christian education theory. The results of the study show that the integration of biblical authority in the theological education curriculum can be carried out through three main aspects, namely: (1) the placement of the Bible as a normative source in the entire curriculum structure, (2) the integration of theological values in learning design, and (3) the development of pedagogical models oriented towards spiritual formation and character. The findings of this study confirm that the construction of a theological education curriculum rooted in biblical authority not only results in academic competence, but also shapes spirituality, integrity of faith, and readiness for ministry. Thus, this research makes a conceptual contribution in developing an integrative theological education curriculum model between theological and pedagogical dimensions.    

This study examines the integration of biblical authority into curriculum design and pedagogical practices as a foundation for developing a transformational Christian education model in a global, digital context. The main issue raised is the dichotomy between normative theological approaches and contemporary pedagogical practices that are often secular, leading to a weak integration of faith and learning in Christian education. The purpose of this study is to formulate an integrative model that harmonizes biblical authority with modern pedagogical approaches in a contextual, relevant, and applicable manner. The research method uses a qualitative approach through systematic literature study and conceptual analysis of various recent journals and books in the fields of Christian education, curriculum, and transformational pedagogy. The results show that the integration of biblical authority can be constructed through three main dimensions: epistemological (the Bible as a source of truth), curricular (the integration of biblical narratives into the curriculum structure), and pedagogical (learning practices oriented towards character transformation and spirituality). The research synthesis produces the "Biblical Transformative Curriculum-Pedagogy Integration (BTCPI)" model that emphasizes the relationship between theological truth, character formation, and the practice of faith. In conclusion, the holistic integration of biblical authority and modern pedagogy contributes significantly to developing students who are not only academically competent but also possess contextual spiritual and moral maturity.          

Family Medicinal Plants (TOGA) are one form of natural resource utilization that can be used as an alternative traditional medicine as well as an effort to improve public health. Medicinal plants are widely used by the community because they are easy to obtain, relatively safe, and have lower costs compared to modern medical drugs. This study aims to examine the utilization of TOGA plants as an effort to improve the health of the people of Kudu Ganting Village through a literature study approach. The method used was a literature review by examining various scientific sources such as books, journals, and research reports related to family medicinal plants. The results of the study indicate that plants such as ginger, turmeric, lemongrass, temulawak, and betel leaves provide various health benefits, including improving body immunity, treating digestive disorders, and functioning as natural antiseptics. Therefore, the utilization of TOGA plants can serve as an effort to improve community health while also making productive use of home yard land.

This article examines Christian epistemology in the context of theological education by highlighting the integration of divine revelation, human rationality, and theological formation processes in a global era characterized by pluralism, digitalization, and a crisis of truth authority. The main problem raised is the epistemological fragmentation in modern theological education that tends to separate revelation from rationality, thus impacting the weakness of faith formation and theological integrity. This study aims to formulate an integrative model of Christian epistemology that can address these challenges. The method used is a qualitative approach with a systematic literature study of classical and contemporary theological sources, as well as a conceptual analysis of Christian epistemological paradigms. The results show that the integration of revelation, reason, and faith experience produces a holistic epistemological model that not only strengthens theological foundations but also shapes students' spiritual character in a transformative manner. The main synthesis of this study is the Epistemological Theological Integration Framework (ETIF) model, which emphasizes that theological truth must be understood as a unity between biblical authority, rational reflection, and the practice of faith. In conclusion, an integrated Christian epistemology can serve as a solid foundation for theological education in facing global challenges and shaping a generation of contextual, reflective, and spiritual theologians.  

This study describes Islamic public and social finance: the role and mechanisms of government oversight of economic activities from an Islamic perspective. The purpose of this study is to explain Islamic public and social finance: the role and mechanisms of government oversight of economic activities from an Islamic perspective. The research method is qualitative. Data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis techniques through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. This research finds that the government's role from an Islamic public and social finance perspective is not only as a regulator but also as an active supervisor, ensuring that economic activities are run in accordance with Sharia principles. Supervisory mechanisms are implemented through the institution of hisbah (Islamic tax), Sharia-based regulations, and a system of public financial accountability and transparency. Furthermore, Islamic social finance instruments such as zakat (alms), infaq (donations), sedekah (charity), and waqf (endowments) have been proven to play a role in equitable wealth distribution and reducing social inequality. This supervisory concept remains relevant in the modern economic context, including the digital sector and Sharia finance. The implications of this research suggest that the government needs to strengthen the implementation of Islamic-based supervision in the modern economic system by strengthening Sharia financial institutions, optimizing the management of Islamic social funds, and enhancing transparent and accountable regulations. Furthermore, adaptation of Islamic supervisory mechanisms is necessary to address the development of the digital economy. This research also implies the importance of increasing Sharia economic literacy among the public to support the creation of a more sustainable and equitable economic system.

This article examines Romans 14:7-9 as a foundational biblical text for the concept of life ownership in New Testament ethics. Using a historical-exegetical and theological-systematic approach, it demonstrates that the passage clearly declares that neither life nor death belongs to the individual believer. Both are to be lived and died “to the Lord,” affirming that Christians are ultimately the possession of Christ as Kyrios. This theocentric view directly challenges the modern secular principle of radical patient autonomy that underpins euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. The study provides a detailed exegesis of Romans 14:7-9 in its literary and historical context, explores parallel New Testament texts on life ownership, and discusses its ethical implications for contemporary medical practice. It argues that Romans 14:7-9 offers strong biblical grounds for rejecting active euthanasia while supporting compassionate palliative care that honors human dignity until natural death. In the Indonesian context, where euthanasia is legally prohibited, this perspective provides a robust theological foundation for Christian bioethics and public policy. A truly good death, according to the New Testament, is one that occurs in submission to the sovereignty of the risen Lord.

The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed how business organizations manage operations, process information, and make strategic decisions, thereby creating a need for leadership patterns that are more adaptive, visionary, and responsive to digital transformation. This study aims to explain the concept of AI Leadership in the business context, identify why modern leadership must adapt to the advancement of AI, and analyze the leadership strategies that are relevant for navigating the era of AI-driven business. The study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach with a narrative-thematic synthesis of relevant open-access scholarly literature on AI Leadership, digital leadership, human–AI collaboration, business transformation, and AI ethics. The findings show that AI Leadership represents a modern form of leadership that emphasizes not only technological understanding but also the ability of leaders to direct organizational change, foster data-driven decision making, manage collaboration between humans and technology, and implement responsible AI governance. The study also finds that the main strategies required by leaders in the AI era include strengthening digital literacy, developing adaptive managerial capabilities, enhancing human–AI collaboration, and integrating ethical principles into technology implementation. This article contributes conceptually by reinforcing AI Leadership as a leadership framework that is highly relevant to modern organizations and offers practical implications for the development of business leadership in the era of digital transformation.