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The money market plays a vital role in the global financial architecture as a provider of short-term liquidity and a primary channel for monetary policy transmission. This research is motivated by the rapid transformation of financial instruments, which now encompass conventional and Sharia-compliant sectors, as well as digital innovations such as e-money and stablecoins. The purpose of this study is to examine the concept of the money market, identify the diversity of modern instruments, and analyze their strategic role in economic stability through a qualitative literature review approach. The analysis shows that the money market is highly effective in managing bank cash reserves and controlling inflation by regulating the money supply. The presence of digital instruments has been proven to accelerate liquidity flows, while Sharia schemes provide transparent and equitable investment alternatives. However, the emergence of digital assets also brings challenges of volatility that require adaptive regulation and professional skepticism from market participants. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of synergy between monetary authorities and financial technology to address global disruption. Strengthening regulations on future instruments is expected to create a more inclusive and stable financial system that can respond precisely to economic shocks.

This study discusses the implementation of the concept of Islamic insurance in the Amanah Card product at Amanah Takaful Banten. In Indonesia, there are various economic activities such as trade, savings and loans, and Islamic financial institutions. Currently, the insurance sector is growing rapidly in Indonesia. There are two types of insurance in Indonesia, namely Islamic insurance and conventional insurance. However, conventional insurance poses concerns for Muslims due to the presence of elements such as riba (interest), gharar (uncertainty), and maysir (gambling). Therefore, Islamic insurance emerges as a risk protection system that prioritizes Sharia principles. The objectives of this study are: (1) to identify the concept of the Amanah Card product at Amanah Takaful Banten, (2) to examine the implementation of Islamic insurance principles in the Amanah Card product, and (3) to analyze how Amanah Takaful Banten improves the accessibility of the Amanah Card product. This research employs a qualitative approach using a field study method (direct observation in the field). Data were collected through interviews with informants, as well as observation and documentation methods. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Relevant literature includes theories on insurance, Amanah Card, and zakat management institutions, as well as previous studies that examine the implementation of Islamic insurance concepts in insurance products such as Amanah Card. The results show that the Amanah Card product is categorized as a microinsurance product. It implements Islamic insurance principles, including the use of contracts (akad) and management practices that comply with Sharia principles and do not violate existing regulations. The Amanah Card product can be accessed offline through registration with Duta MT Bertaawun and online through social media and the Amanah Takaful website. In conclusion, the Amanah Card product is considered compliant both from a Sharia perspective and regulatory standards.

The development of modern economic systems shows that conventional approaches are often criticized for focusing too much on rational and mathematical aspects, while giving less attention to ethical and moral values in economic activities. This condition has encouraged the emergence of alternative systems that combine material and spiritual elements, one of which is the Islamic economic system.This study aims to analyze the characteristics and structure of the Islamic economic system as a framework based on Sharia principles. The research uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method by examining various relevant sources. The data are analyzed descriptively to better understand the basic concepts and structure of the Islamic economic system.The results show that Islamic economics has key characteristics such as a strong connection to divine values, a balance between individual and social interests, and an emphasis on justice and social responsibility in economic activities. Therefore, Islamic economics not only regulates economic practices but also incorporates moral and ethical values to achieve overall social well-being.This study is expected to contribute to the development of Islamic economic studies and can be used as a reference for building a more fair and sustainable economic system.

The rapid development of Islamic finance has encouraged central banks in dual banking systems to design monetary instruments that comply with Sharia principles while maintaining macroeconomic stability. However, the effectiveness of Islamic monetary instruments and their transmission mechanisms remain widely debated in the literature. This study aims to systematically review the empirical and conceptual literature on Islamic monetary instruments, focusing on their effectiveness, transmission channels, and macroeconomic outcomes. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach guided by the PRISMA framework, this research synthesizes findings from major studies examining Islamic monetary policy operations, banking transmission mechanisms, and their impacts on inflation, output, and financial stability. The results reveal that the financing/credit channel and the interest–profit pass-through mechanism are the dominant transmission pathways in dual banking systems. Although Islamic banks often demonstrate relative stability during monetary shocks, policy transmission remains partly influenced by conventional interest rate benchmarks due to institutional and market structure factors. The effectiveness of Islamic monetary instruments is largely determined by the depth of Islamic money markets, the availability of liquid instruments such as central bank sukuk, and the strength of regulatory and institutional infrastructure. Furthermore, empirical evidence linking Islamic monetary instruments directly to macroeconomic outcomes such as inflation and growth remains limited. This study proposes an integrated conceptual framework linking Islamic monetary instruments, transmission channels, and macroeconomic outcomes, moderated by institutional quality, market share of Islamic banking, and market depth. The findings contribute to the literature by providing a comprehensive synthesis of existing research and offering policy insights for strengthening Islamic monetary policy frameworks in dual financial systems.

Fixed asset management is a crucial component in supporting the performance of local governments. However, the Polewali Mandar Regency Government still faces obstacles in managing assets conventionally, such as the risk of recording errors, duplicate data, and difficulties in field data verification which is time-consuming. This study aims to design and build a Web-Based Fixed Asset Management Information System integrated with Quick Response Code (QR Code) technology as a digital solution for real-time asset data collection, tracking, and monitoring. The approach taken for system development is known as the Waterfall approach, encompassing the phases of analyzing requirements, system design, execution, evaluation, and ongoing support. The creation of the system was carried out utilizing the PHP coding language, the MySQL database system, and Tailwind CSS to achieve a mobile-friendly interface. Data collection techniques were conducted through observation, interviews, and literature studies at the General Affairs Division of the Regional Secretariat of Polewali Mandar Regency. The result of this research is a fixed asset management information system featuring the generation of unique QR Code labels for each asset, category and location management, and reporting features divided into three access levels: Admin, Operator, and Verificator. Based on the system testing results, an average score of above 4.00 was obtained for indicators of ease of use (user-friendly), access speed, and information accuracy. In conclusion, the implementation of this QR Code-based system is proven to increase the efficiency of the asset identification process in the field, minimize manual input errors, and improve accountability in regional asset management in Polewali Mandar Regency.

This study investigates the implementation of history learning based on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in developing students' analytical history skills. This research is motivated by the dominance of conventional teaching focused on lectures that emphasize memorization of facts rather than critical and analytical thinking. The study aims to describe how HOTS-based strategies are implemented in history classes and to analyze their impact on students' analytical skills. This research uses a qualitative descriptive methodology. Data were collected through classroom observations, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing techniques. The findings show that before the implementation of HOTS, students' responses were mostly descriptive and limited to recalling factual information. After the implementation of HOTS-based learning through the use of analytical questions, historical case studies, source analysis, and structured group discussions, students showed significant improvement in explaining cause-and-effect relationships, evaluating historical evidence, and building logical arguments. Students became more active in discussions and demonstrated a deeper conceptual understanding than mere memorization. However, several challenges were identified, including students' limited experience in critical thinking, time constraints, and the need for teachers to be better prepared in designing HOTS-oriented learning instruments. Overall, this study concludes that HOTS-based history learning effectively improves students' analytical history skills and shifts the learning orientation from lower-order thinking to higher cognitive engagement. This approach pedagogically contributes to fostering a critical, reflective, and contextual understanding of history that is relevant to the demands of 21st-century education.

The development of digital technology in the 21st century has significantly influenced educational practices, including the teaching of history in schools. Conventional teaching methods often make history learning less engaging and limit students’ active participation. Therefore, innovative learning models based on digital technology are needed to improve the quality of history education and support the development of 21st-century skills such as critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration. This study aims to examine the role of innovative digital technology-based learning models in history learning to enhance students’ 21st-century skills. The research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method by analyzing various academic sources such as books, journal articles, and relevant research publications. The findings indicate that the integration of digital technology in innovative learning models can increase students’ engagement, improve their understanding of historical events, and encourage active learning through interactive media and digital resources. Furthermore, the use of digital technology enables students to access diverse historical sources and develop analytical and interpretative abilities. The study implies that the implementation of digital-based innovative learning models in history education can support more meaningful learning and contribute to the development of students’ competencies needed in the digital era.

This community service programme aims to provide education and training on the utilisation of the TikTok application as a digital business medium for the community of Rejosari Village, RT 03 RW 07, Karanggeneng, Boyolali Regency. The rapid development of digital technology and social media has transformed patterns of economic interaction from conventional systems into platform-based digital economies. Nevertheless, at the village level, the use of social media remains predominantly oriented towards entertainment and has not yet been optimally directed as an instrument for enhancing household economic capacity. The implementation method adopts an educative–participatory approach through the delivery of conceptual materials, demonstrations of TikTok features, and hands-on practice in creating digital business content. The results of the activity indicate an improvement in participants’ understanding of social media–based digital business opportunities, as well as the emergence of collective awareness to utilise TikTok as a means of generating additional income. This programme confirms that social media–based digital business education can function as an effective instrument for empowering rural communities in responding to digital economic transformation.

The Fruit of the Spirit is an important theological value to teach children because it contains points for everyday behavior. However, learning about the Fruit of the Spirit often encounters obstacles and is difficult for children aged 8-12 years to understand because it is considered too abstract and difficult to convey in simple language. Furthermore, obstacles come from the learning media used which are still conventional. Therefore, effective learning media are needed that can attract the interest and motivation of children to want to learn and apply the Fruit of the Spirit in everyday life, such as board games. In board games, there are components that can attract emotions and can be used as media, namely character pawns. The method used is the Design Thinking method with descriptive analysis. This approach is used to analyze data from the results of observations, interviews, literature studies, and questionnaires, as well as to develop concepts and design results. Thus, the character pawns can be created with a human-centered design approach, which is able to create visuals that have a close relationship with children's psychology.

This study is motivated by the development of digital technology, which has driven a transformation in the learning paradigm from conventional models to more flexible, interactive, and innovative technology-based learning. Changes in student characteristics in the digital era require adaptive learning strategies that are able to improve both the efficiency of the learning process and learning outcomes. This study aims to describe and analyze digital learning strategies in enhancing learning efficiency and their impact on student achievement. The research employs a qualitative approach using a literature review by examining various relevant scientific sources related to the concepts, characteristics, implementation, and impacts of digital learning. The data were analyzed using content analysis techniques to produce a systematic conceptual framework. The findings indicate that systematically designed digital learning strategies can improve conceptual understanding through interactive content delivery, strengthen students’ motivation and independent learning, and enhance retention and learning mastery. Learning efficiency is reflected in flexible access, time optimization, and technology-based assessment. However, its implementation still faces challenges such as limited infrastructure and digital literacy. Therefore, careful planning and the improvement of digital competencies are necessary to ensure that digital learning can be implemented effectively and sustainably in improving the quality of education.

The rapid development of digital technology requires greater adaptive capacity in both the economic and educational sectors, including in rural areas. However, limited digital literacy and the continued use of conventional learning methods remain common challenges. This activity aims to enhance the competitiveness of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) as well as the quality of primary education in Baharen Village, Sidamanik District, through the implementation of a Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata/KKN). A descriptive qualitative approach with a participatory model was employed, actively involving MSME actors, teachers, and students throughout all stages of the program. The activities included assistance in the digitalization of the MSME Gerai Mumtazah through Google Maps registration and the implementation of the QRIS cashless payment system, as well as the application of interactive learning methods based on joyful learning at the Baharen Village State Elementary School. The results indicate an increase in students’ learning motivation and classroom participation, along with improved accessibility and transaction efficiency for the MSME partner. These findings suggest that community-based participatory service activities can make a tangible contribution to strengthening the local economy and improving the quality of education in rural areas.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Rengginang MSME registration on Google Maps as a strategy to strengthen the economy in Pahang Village, Babata Village. The background of the research shows that most MSMEs still rely on conventional marketing so that business visibility is relatively low. With a qualitative case study approach, this study explores the experience of the owner of Rengginang Azam MSMEs, Mrs. Siti, who registered her business location on Google Maps. The results of the study show that digitalization through Google Maps has a positive impact in the form of increasing accessibility and reach for customers, especially from outside the village. Location registration allows customers to find more complete information about products and locations, increasing the number of visits to the store. The real impact felt is an increase in sales and profits without additional promotional costs. This study concludes that the use of Google Maps as a digital promotional medium is an effective strategy in strengthening the competitiveness of MSMEs in the digital era. In addition, this finding confirms the importance of digital literacy for MSME actors to utilize technology as a means of business development and strengthening the local economy.

Economic empowerment of rural communities through the strengthening of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is a crucial pillar in achieving national economic independence. One of the fundamental obstacles faced by MSMEs in rural areas is financial exclusion due to low digital literacy and dependence on conventional cash transaction systems. The Community Service Program (KKN) of students from the State Islamic University of North Sumatra (UIN SU) in Pematang Tengah Village was designed to bridge this gap by optimizing the Indonesian Standard Quick Response Code (QRIS). Through an intensive participatory mentoring approach, students acted as agents of digital transformation who educated, trained, and facilitated 10 local MSME actors in adopting non-cash payment technology. The results of the program show a significant shift from digital skepticism to digital trust. The implementation of QRIS has been proven to increase operational efficiency, financial management accuracy, and strengthen the image of business modernity in the eyes of consumers. This article emphasizes that the role of students is not merely as information deliverers, but as catalysts of social capital that is crucial for the sustainability of digitalization at the village level.

Digitalization is an effort to utilize digital-based technology to transform previously conventional work systems into more efficient and effective ones, including in the management of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). This study aims to apply digitalization to corn-based coffe MSMEs in Talang Balai Baru 1 Village, Tanjung Raja District, Ogan Ilir Regency. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The research findings indicate that the production and marketing activities of corn coffe MSMEs still use conventional methods. The implementation of digitaization has not been optimally implemented due to the low digital literacy of business owners and limited time in business managemen. Nevertheless, the initial implementation of digitalization through the use of social media and online sales platforms has had a positive impact in the form of expanding market reach and increasing ease of communication between producers and consumers. Thus, the digitalization of corn coffe MSME products has great potential to increase competitiveness and business sustainability if implemented gradually and continuously. .

This study aims to demonstrate that a lack of curiosity is a fundamental factor influencing adolescents’ preference for social media over traditional news outlets. To examine this issue, the research employed a mixed-method approach combining quantitative and qualitative data gathered through questionnaires. A total of 30 informants participated and were categorized into two developmental groups: early adolescents aged 12–14 and middle adolescents aged 15–17. The questionnaire explored respondents’ curiosity levels, information-seeking habits, and motivations for choosing certain media platforms. The findings indicate that low curiosity significantly contributes to the preference for social media among early adolescents. At this stage, their interest in deeper information is still limited, making them more inclined toward fast, simple, and entertaining content. However, the hypothesis is less applicable to middle adolescents. Although they also frequently use social media, their media choices are influenced by additional factors such as peer dynamics, a growing sense of autonomy, and broader exposure to information from various sources. This difference suggests that the relationship between curiosity and media preference becomes more complex as adolescents mature. Overall, the study highlights that strategies to encourage critical information-seeking behavior must be tailored to adolescents’ developmental stages.

Factual verification of political party membership constitutes a critical administrative stage in electoral management, as it directly affects electoral integrity and democratic legitimacy. In Indonesia, this process remains predominantly reliant on conventional door-to-door verification methods, which face structural constraints including time limitations, excessive administrative burden, high costs, and vulnerability to procedural errors and electoral disputes. Meanwhile, the advancement of e-government and Electronic-Based Government Systems (E-Government) has created opportunities to adopt more accountable and verifiable digital identity mechanisms. This study aims to conceptualize and examine Electronic Know Your Customer (E-KYC) as an administrative governance model for verifying political party membership to strengthen electoral integrity within an e-government framework. Employing a mixed-methods approach with a sequential explanatory design, quantitative data were collected through a survey of 44 election officials at district and municipal election commissions in Central Java Province, Indonesia. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews with key institutional actors. The findings demonstrate a positive and significant relationship between the adoption of E-KYC and strengthened administrative electoral integrity, democratic public service values, and institutional readiness. Qualitative evidence further indicates that challenges to electoral integrity stem primarily from weaknesses in administrative procedures rather than from political contestation itself. This study concludes that E-KYC should be positioned not merely as a technological innovation but as an institutionalized administrative governance model, contingent upon regulatory clarity, system interoperability, and organizational capacity building.

This research aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the complex dynamics termed the "Digital Bureaucracy Paradox," a phenomenon that emerged significantly following the implementation of the Work From Anywhere (WFA) policy within the Regional Secretariat of Sorong City. The primary focus this study lies in the strategic dilemma faced by visionary leadership in balancing modern flexible work patterns with the obligation to enforce Civil Servant (ASN) discipline, which has historically been conventional and rigid. Amidst massive digital transformation, local-level bureaucracy is forced to adapt to work models requiring high agility, while simultaneously remaining bound by formalistic disciplinary regulatory standards. Quantitative findings indicate that although digital platforms have been effective as instruments for work instructions, the effectiveness visual supervision remains irreplaceable in maintaining the integrity of working hours, particularly regarding low scores in separating personal and professional matters during WFA. Conversely, submissions the E-Kinerja (E-Performance) system show very high level of administrative compliance, yet do not fully guarantee the quality of substantive outputs. Statistical analysis confirms that adaptive digital leadership has decisive influence on the successful implementation of the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE). These findings offer  theoretical contribution to the study of bureaucratic behaviour within digital ecosystems and provide practical recommendations for redefining the ASN discipline from formalistic patterns toward a result-based substantive discipline. The synergy between visionary leadership and the strengthening of bottom-up accountability mechanisms through public participation is expected to realise a governance framework that is not only technologically modern but also functionally accountable in the post-pandemic era.

This study aims to analyze the role of marketplace in encouraging digital internationalization and product development at PT Bungas Food Nusantara. The research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews with company management, observation of activities on the marketplace platform, and supporting documentation. The results of the study show that marketplaces function not only as digital distribution channels, but also as strategic infrastructure that allows companies to reach international markets without conventional export mechanisms. Internationalization occurs gradually through increased demand from overseas consumers facilitated by the platform's algorithmic system and global visibility. In addition, the marketplace's reviews, ratings, and analytics features are used as the basis for product development, including packaging adjustments, variant innovation, and data-driven promotional strategies. These findings show that marketplaces play a role as a catalyst for internationalization as well as a driver of product innovation in the context of the digital economy.

The advancement of information technology has rapidly transformed trading patterns in Indonesia, shifting from conventional transactions to online transactions through marketplace platforms. On one hand, this transformation provides convenience and efficiency for both businesses and consumers. On the other hand, it has also given rise to various legal issues, particularly regarding consumer protection. This article aims to examine how legal protection for consumers is implemented in electronic sales agreements on marketplaces, while also identifying the obstacles encountered during its implementation. The study employs a normative juridical approach, using conceptual analysis and legislative review, supplemented by empirical data obtained from interviews. As described, legal protection for consumers in electronic transactions in Indonesia remains suboptimal. Specifically, these challenges include biased law enforcement, low levels of consumer literacy, and ineffective dispute resolution mechanisms. In practice, marketplaces have incorporated consumer protection features such as escrow systems, refund mechanisms, and complaint centers; however, their implementation still suffers from limited transparency and effectiveness. Furthermore, existing regulations are slow to respond to the dynamics of cross-border transactions and ongoing digital innovations. Therefore, comprehensive regulatory reform, stronger enforcement, and enhanced legal and digital literacy among the public are necessary to ensure effective consumer protection.

Domestic violence (DV) remains a complex legal and social problem, threatening family stability and human dignity. Although Law No. 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence provides strict sanctions, conventional punishment methods are often considered ineffective in restoring damaged social relationships within families. This study examines the implementation of restorative justice in resolving domestic violence cases within the Bungo Police jurisdiction, from the perspective of positive law and Islamic law. This study uses an empirical legal approach and a sociological perspective, with primary data collected through interviews with investigators from the Women and Children Protection Unit (PPA), as well as secondary data from laws, police regulations, and related academic literature. The results show that restorative justice has been applied to several domestic violence cases during the investigation stage through mediation and peace agreements between the parties involved. This method helps reduce the backlog of cases, accelerates dispute resolution, and maintains family social stability. However, challenges remain, such as the possibility of re-victimization due to the imbalance of power between victims and perpetrators. From an Islamic legal perspective, restorative justice is in line with the principles of ta'zīr and maqāṣid al-sharī'ah, especially the preservation of human dignity, life and offspring. By guaranteeing the protection of victims and preventing repeated violence, restorative justice can be an additional mechanism in cases of domestic violence.