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Pronunciation in a second language (L2) is often influenced by the first language (L1), which can hinder intelligibility. Indonesian speakers struggle with certain English sounds, such as /θ/ and /ð/, due to their absence in the L1 phonetic system. To identify the influence of L1 on L2 pronunciation in the context of English language learning in Indonesia and propose strategies to reduce negative transfer effects. This qualitative study used a case study approach, involving 9 students from an English club at XYZ School. A pronunciation test was conducted to measure phonetic transfer between L1 and L2. Results show that L1 phonetic transfer causes errors in specific phonemes. Words with higher phonetic complexity are more challenging to pronounce correctly. Negative phonetic transfer and a lack of prosodic training were identified as major obstacles. Context-based and intensive phonetic training significantly improves pronunciation skills. L2 pronunciation errors are strongly influenced by L1, phonetic complexity, and individual experience. Contextual learning and individualized approaches positively impact pronunciation improvement.

The rapid development of digital media has significantly influenced the evolution of language in the 21st century. This study explores the impact of digital communication, including social media, memes, and online discourse, on linguistic changes such as neologisms, syntactic shifts, and informal language use. Using a sociolinguistic and discourse analysis approach, the findings of this study show that digital media accelerates language evolution by facilitating the rapid formation of new words and global linguistic trends.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the problem-based learning model (PBL) in improving the understanding of fiqh material and its implementation in class XI students of MA Plus Anas Bin Malik Lekong Rembuk. The PBL model was chosen because it is considered capable of encouraging active student involvement and developing critical thinking skills through solving real problems that are relevant to everyday life. This study uses a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach which is implemented in two cycles, each consisting of the planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. Data collection techniques include tests, observations, and interviews. The results of the study showed a significant increase in the understanding of fiqh concepts and active participation of students during the learning process. Students became more enthusiastic, able to express opinions, and demonstrate the ability to apply fiqh values in everyday life. Thus, the PBL model has proven effective in improving the quality of fiqh learning in madrasas and can be used as an alternative innovative learning strategy to improve learning outcomes and student character simultaneously.

This study explores the complex relationship between globalization, local languages, and the preservation of traditional cultures. As globalization accelerates, the dominance of major world languages poses significant challenges to the vitality of local languages, often leading to their decline or extinction. This research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data on language usage trends with qualitative interviews from community leaders, linguists, and cultural practitioners. The findings indicate that while globalization facilitates cultural exchange and access to information, it simultaneously threatens linguistic diversity and traditional cultural practices. The study highlights case studies from various regions, illustrating how local communities respond to these challenges through revitalization efforts, language education programs, and cultural initiatives aimed at preserving their heritage. Additionally, the research discusses the role of technology and social media in both promoting and endangering local languages. Ultimately, this study emphasizes the need for a balanced approach that embraces the benefits of globalization while actively safeguarding local languages and traditional cultures, advocating for policies that support linguistic diversity and cultural preservation in an increasingly interconnected world.

System dynamic models have been recognized as an effective approach in projecting and designing sustainable urban waste management systems. This study aims to explore the potential of system dynamic modeling in urban waste management. This study uses a literature study method with a qualitative descriptive approach that refers to various relevant previous studies. The results of the literature study show that the system dynamic model is able to map the complex relationships between variables in the waste management system, such as population growth, waste production, waste processing capacity, environmental impacts, and others. In addition, the system dynamic model can project future waste management conditions and prepare the most effective policy scenarios. Through simulations of various policy scenarios, the system dynamic model can provide insight into the impact of each scenario, both in terms of technical efficiency, operational costs, and reduction of waste generation in landfills. In implementing policy scenarios, collaboration between the government, community, and stakeholders is also needed in optimizing waste management programs.

This latah trend phenomenon is inseparable from the development of the television entertainment world in comedy shows in Indonesia, which considers the disorder of latah speech to be something funny among the younger generation. So, students consider someone who is latah in class to be something that is considered funny. This study aimed to identify the echopraxia latah speech disorder in elementary school teacher education students with a psycholinguistic approach. This research method uses the Milles and Huberman model content analysis method with data collection techniques conducting observations, interviews, and documentation on students of the Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program at Esa Unggul University. The study results from three students who experienced echopraxia latah disorders. The sounds produced were categorized as moderate and caused noise during the learning process in class. This is because the noise created in the classroom is not from the latah utterances issued but because of the response of the classroom environment, which makes it noisy because someone who experiences echopraxia latah disorders does not only repeat their words but is followed by latah movements that are spoken. The causes of echopraxia latah disorders include spontaneity, daydreaming, being surprised when talking and being surprised from behind.

This study starts from understanding the hadith regarding the recommendation to fast Ashura (9, 10, 11, every month of Muharram). This study looks at the history of the practice and implementation of the Ashura fast and finds out how the students and administrators in the KH Ahmad Dahlan Islamic Boarding School environment interpret the implementation of the Ashura fast. This research is descriptive in nature, namely systematically explaining the livelihood of hadith at the KH Ahmad Dahlan Kuantan Singingi Islamic Boarding School. The approach used in this research is a phenomenological approach. This research concludes that the first thing is to carry out the Ashura fasting tradition carried out by students of the KH Ahmad Dahlan Kuantan Singingi Islamic Boarding School which was founded in 1992. Before breaking the fast, the KH Ahmad Dahlan Kuantan Singingi Islamic Boarding School administrators held an iftar in the Nurul Ilmi mosque, followed by Maghrib prayers and Isha congregation. Second, the activity of fasting Ashura is a proof of love for the Prophet, namely by observing his Sunnah. Because the Sunnah is not only known, but practiced. Apart from that, it is also a way to increase solidarity between students.

This study examines the effectiveness of e-government implementation in improving public service quality in Makassar City Government. The rapid development of information technology has prompted local governments to adopt e-government systems, yet their effectiveness in enhancing public service delivery requires comprehensive evaluation. This research employs a mixed-method approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection through interviews with government officials, surveys of 200 citizens, and direct observation of e-government services. The findings reveal that Makassar's e-government initiatives have significantly improved service delivery efficiency, with 75% of users reporting increased satisfaction in public services. However, challenges persist, including digital literacy gaps among citizens and occasional technical infrastructure issues. The study identifies key success factors such as strong leadership commitment, adequate IT infrastructure, and regular system updates. These findings contribute to the growing knowledge on e-government implementation in developing regions and provide practical recommendations for local governments seeking to enhance their digital service delivery systems.

Micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) are profitable businesses that are owned by people or corporate entities that operate to satisfy personal needs and ensure their existence. Calculating and analyzing manufacturing expenses in order to establish the selling price of fried chicken goods is the goal of this study. The full cost method is used to achieve this. Using a quantitative approach, this research investigates the elements that influence selling prices. This research uses direct observation of objects and interviews with owners to obtain precise data. According to our observations and interviews with Mr. Stefanus (36), owner of the Ayam Gebuk Sambalado MSME, the business still uses conventional methods to calculate the manufacturing cost. This research uses the full costing method to make information on the cost of production more accurate. This is predicated on a comparison of the whole costing technique and the business method for determine cost of items created, which demonstrates that the final cost of goods manufactured differs significantly. This happens because business owners don't know how to calculate the correct cost of production, so they don't include costs correctly in the price calculation.

This research aims to analyze the policies implemented by SPNF-SKB Medan City in providing non-formal education for the community. This institution plays an important role in providing equal access to education, skills training and socio-cultural development. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach involving interviews and field observations. The research results show that the programs held at SPNF-SKB Medan City, such as Packages A, B, and C, have contributed greatly to improving the education of people who do not have access to formal education. Apart from that, the skills training provided is able to improve people's abilities in the world of work and entrepreneurship. However, budget constraints are the main challenge in developing this educational service. This research suggests the need for further support from the government and collaboration with other institutions to overcome these barriers and expand the reach of non-formal education services.

The rapid advancement of digital technology has transformed how public services are delivered and accessed. This research examines the relationship between education levels and public awareness concerning adopting digital-based public services. In the digital transformation era, understanding the factors that influence the adoption of digital public services is crucial for improving the effectiveness of e-government implementation. This study surveyed 500 respondents from various demographic groups across multiple regions through a quantitative approach, utilizing stratified random sampling to ensure representation. The research employed a structured questionnaire and analyzed the data using multiple regression analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings reveal a significant positive correlation (r = 0.76, p < 0.001) between educational background and digital service adoption rates. Additionally, public awareness emerged as a crucial mediating factor, explaining 45% of the variance in digital service utilization patterns. The study also identified key barriers to adoption, including digital literacy gaps and accessibility challenges, particularly among lower education groups. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and public service administrators in developing targeted strategies to enhance digital service adoption. The research contributes to the growing body of literature on e-government implementation and digital transformation in public services, while offering practical recommendations for improving public service delivery in the digital age.

Imperfect: Career, Love & Scales is a work that discusses the issue of body shaming and social pressure on beauty standards. Through a qualitative approach with social comparison theory analysis, this study reveals how the representation of body aesthetics is displayed in the film. The main character, Rara, experiences pressure to meet ideal beauty standards, such as a slim body and white skin, both in her work environment and family. This phenomenon reflects social construction and popular culture that reinforces beauty stereotypes. The impacts of this pressure include decreased self-esteem, anxiety, and unhealthy dieting behavior. This study shows that media-promoted beauty standards have a negative impact on individual mental health and encourage appearance-based discrimination. The film also critiques narrow beauty standards while conveying important messages about self-acceptance and diversity.

This study examines murder cases triggered by romantic conflicts in Cipinang Prison, Jakarta. Using a qualitative approach, this research employed in-depth interviews with inmates and prison officers to explore the motives, processes, and social and psychological perspectives of the perpetrators. The findings reveal that romantic conflicts, such as jealousy, financial pressures, and feelings of being undervalued, are often the main triggers of violent acts leading to murder. Uncontrolled emotions and impulsive reactions exacerbate the situation, while the social environment, both before and during incarceration, plays a significant role in shaping deviant behavior patterns. The study also identifies various challenges in the rehabilitation process within the prison, including insufficient attention to the emotional needs of inmates and the negative influence of interactions with fellow prisoners. Referring to Differential Association theory, the study emphasizes that deviant behavior is often learned through negative social interactions. To prevent similar violence, emotional education, conflict management, and evaluations of individual-based rehabilitation programs are necessary.

This study aims to determine the impact of implementing Augmented Reality (AR) features on mobile shopping applications on purchasing decisions of Generation Z consumers, especially first-time buyers. The research method uses a quantitative approach, the study involved 385 Generation Z respondents (aged 18-25 years) who were using AR features for shopping for the first time. The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that AR Visual Quality (X1), AR Interactivity (X2) and AR Ease of Use (X3) have a significant positive effect on Purchasing Decisions (p <0.000). The study revealed that 78.5% of AR features influence Generation Z in deciding to purchase on mobile shopping applications. In this case, it can be concluded that the presence of AR features can reduce Gen Z's hesitation in deciding to purchase for first-time buyers. Key factors influencing purchasing decisions include AR visualization quality, ease of use, and feature interactivity.

CV Cahaya Setia Mulia is a company engaged in the service and production of sports gloves. June-October 2024 production data, the demand for gloves increased significantly, from 3,850 pcs in May to more than 5,000 pcs, so tailor workers are expected to produce products quickly and do repetitive work for a long time. The chairs used by workers are plastic chairs without backrests. This research uses the Nordic Body Map questionnaire, Anthropometric method, and Quality Function Deployment (QFD) approach. Based on the results of the NBM questionnaire, the complaints felt by 16 workers were obtained, namely that the average worker had the highest complaints in low back pain with an average of 2.1 pain in the right shoulder, pain in the right thigh, pain in the right knee, pain in the right ankle, pain in the right foot with an average value of 1.9, pain in the left knee and pain in the bronze with an average value of 1.8. A QFD approach was applied to ensure the chair design met customer needs. As a result, four key attributes were identified: the chair has a backrest, foam on the backrest and seat, neutral color, and quality material from mahogany wood. Based on Anthropometric calculations from 5 tailor workers, the seat size for the seat width is 49.8 cm, seat height is 35 cm, seat length is 44.2 cm, seat back length is 60.9 and seat elbow base height is 26.9 cm. Sewing chair design using Autodesk Fusion software.

This research aims to find out what factors can influence the level of demand other than price in the North Sangatta main market. This type of research is field research, with a qualitative descriptive approach. The data collection techniques used in this research are interviews, observation and documentation. The data analysis used in this research is qualitative descriptive, through several stages, the first stage is data reduction, the second stage is data presentation, and the final stage is drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that there are several factors that influence the level of demand from the consumer's point of view and the producer's point of view in the main market of North Sumatra. From the consumer's point of view, factors that influence the level of demand include the size and shape of goods or services, promotions and discounts, and income. monthly, from the producer's point of view, including consumer behavior (consumer tastes), quality of goods, certain seasons or weather, and prices of other goods.

Bronchopneumonia is an inflammation of the lung parenchyma that extends to the bronchioles, which can be understood as inflammation of the lung tissue with direct spread through the respiratory tract to the bronchi (Hapsari et al., 2022). The purpose of this writing is to understand the nursing care process for Mrs. S with respiratory system disorders: bronchopneumonia in Dahlia Ward, RSUD dr. Soeselo Tegal Regency. This writing method uses a descriptive approach with a nursing process approach. The results of the nursing care found that the patient had shortness of breath, productive cough, and ronchi sounds; the patient and family were unaware of the disease. The nursing diagnoses identified were ineffective airway clearance and knowledge deficit. Interventions were carried out based on SIKI (Indonesian Standard for Nursing Care) and implementation was based on the designed interventions. Evaluation of the two diagnoses revealed that one diagnosis, the knowledge deficit, was resolved, while the issue of ineffective airway clearance was partially resolved. The results of the nursing care were consistent with the theory. This writing is expected to improve skills in providing nursing care.

This study aims to evaluate the effect of capital structure, risk management, dividend policy, and company size on the growth of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2019-2023 period. Using a quantitative approach and Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis method, the research data was obtained from the company's financial statements and the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The results showed that capital structure has a significant negative effect on risk management, but does not have a significant impact on firm growth. Risk management shows a positive influence on firm growth, although not significant. Dividend policy has a significant negative effect on risk management and has no significant impact on firm growth. On the other hand, firm size shows a significant positive effect on risk management, but not significant on firm growth. These findings emphasize the importance of balance in capital and risk management to support firm growth. This study contributes to the financial management literature and offers practical insights for banking firms, investors, and regulators in an effort to support the growth of the banking sector in Indonesia.

This study aims to analyze the role of Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) learning in increasing students' legal awareness at SMPN 2 Mapakasunggu. The approach used was qualitative withHowever, this understanding is not fully reflected in students' daily behavior. Various violations of school rules are still found, such as tardiness, non-compliance with dress codes, and lack of discipline. This indicates that students' legal awareness is still at the cognitive stage and has not been optimally internalized in their attitudes and actions. Factors influencing this condition include learning methods that still find various violations of school rules, such as tardiness, non-compliance with dress codes, and lack of discipline. This indicates that students' legal awareness is still at the cognitive stage and has not been optimally internalized in their attitudes and actions. Factors influencing this condition include learning methods that are still predominantly theoretical, a lack of habituation activities and direct practice, and the influence of the school environment and students' social circles. Therefore, PPKn learning needs to be developed with a more contextual, participatory, and character-oriented approach to continuously improve students' legal awareness.  

This community service program aims to empower Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through business development based on the sharia economy. MSMEs have a strategic role in the economy, but still face various challenges, especially in the application of sharia economic principles that can increase competitiveness and the desire to do business. This program is designed to improve Islamic financial literacy, introduce business contracts in accordance with sharia, and provide halal digital marketing training. The method of implementing the activity includes a participatory approach with various stages, ranging from problem identification, training, mentoring, to success evaluation. The target of the program is MSME actors in certain regions who have great potential to adopt the concept of sharia economics in their businesses. The results of this activity showed an increase in participants' understanding of the concept of sharia economics, followed by changes in business practices that are more in line with Islamic principles. Some participants began to implement sharia contracts in their transactions, access sharia financing, and take advantage of halal branding-based digital marketing. This program also found several obstacles, such as low initial understanding of the sharia economy, limited access to Islamic financial institutions, and resistance to changes in the business system. However, through intensive strategy education and support from various parties, most of these challenges can be overcome. The conclusion of this activity is that business development based on the sharia economy can be a solution for MSMEs in increasing their competitiveness in the wider market. The next program recommendations include strengthening digital-based education, increasing access to sharia capital, and establishing a sharia-based MSME community as a forum for collaboration and sustainable business development.