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 The main objective of this study is to analyze the perspective of generation z on the implementation of maano culture in the unity of the Piru customary law community. Generation Z is a generation that interacts with technological advances. As a digital generation, technological advances should lead them to be more familiar with local cultures such as maano culture, as a local culture, generation Z must really have knowledge and constructive views on maano culture by grounding this culture to be known to the public as a local culture of the Piru customary law community in particular and the Maluku customary community in general. This qualitative research was conducted using the side snowball technique on generation Z of the Piru customary law community through interview and documentation techniques. then analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The target achievement of this study resulted in. The existence of Maano culture that for generation z of the Piru customary law community states that for some generations they know maano culture through the process of cultural inheritance and for some new generations they know through formal education. Therefore, maano culture is rarely found in Piru society. The existence that has been increasingly lost is caused by several things, namely the absence of a cultural inheritance process, the emergence of an individualistic attitude. In fact, maano culture can foster a sense of togetherness, mutual help and cooperation The efforts to preserve Maano culture that Maano culture should be introduced from generation to generation so that this culture continues to be known and developed by the next generation. Generation Z provides some hope that Maano culture should be introduced more deeply to other Generation Z, and as a digital generation, Maano culture is introduced through social media so as to spur a sense of love for local culture.  

In an effort to understand the richness of local culture that continues to survive amid the tides of changing times, this study examines the philosophical meaning of the traditional expression Panjang Tong Dipotong, Pondok Tong Disambung as a foundational value in cultural preservation in the Cikondang Indigenous Village. This research aims to reveal how this philosophy is applied in the daily lives of the community and its role in maintaining cultural continuity. The study was conducted using a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach, and data were collected through in-depth interviews with several informants from the Cikondang Indigenous Village community. The findings show that the expression is not only a symbol of tradition but also serves as a guiding principle that preserves cultural heritage in an intact and adaptive manner amidst the forces of globalization and modernization.

Christian leaders in Indonesia are often faced with a complex duality of roles, where they must navigate the demands of tradition-based and consensus-based customary leadership with modern organizational expectations that emphasize efficiency and formal procedures. This gap creates significant tension in leadership practice. This research aims to (1) theoretically analyze the points of tension and potential synergies between the two leadership models, and (2) synthesize a conceptual framework containing practical strategies to harmonize the two roles. The method used in this study is qualitative with a literature review approach, which in-depth analyzes various relevant academic sources. The results of the study show that the main tension lies in differences in authority bases, decision-making processes, and value priorities. As a solution, this study formulates a navigation framework that is based on the leader's mindset as a "bridge", grounded in theological principles, and implemented through practical strategies such as acculturation and contextual communication. It is recommended that leaders equip themselves with cross-cultural competence and that theological educational institutions develop a more contextual curriculum.  

Mutis Timau National Park is an important conservation area located in the South central Timor Regency, North Central Timor Regency and Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, which includes the customary areas of various local communities in West Timor-Indonesia. The establishment of this National Park gives a controversial impression from the indigenous people as stakeholders who have long lived, inherited, preserved and controlled the Mutis Timau area, the indigenous people feel that the consolidation in order to achieve a consensus between the indigenous people and the state, does not involve the indigenous people as a whole because of the fact that the indigenous people have historical and ecological values ​​​​attached to the area. This article discusses the importance of revitalizing the role of indigenous peoples in the process of establishing and managing Mutis Timau National Park through a participatory approach, recognition of customary rights and integration of local wisdom in conservation. Therefore, a more inclusive and collaborative state policy is needed to ensure the sustainability of the natural environment and social justice as a form of state recognition for indigenous peoples.

Central Aceh is one of the Regencies located in the center of the Province of Aceh which is dubbed as the Gayo plateau region, Aceh is a province in Indonesia that applies customary law in settling cases or disputes in the community through the Sarak Opat Kampung Customary Court, as regulated in The Aceh Qanun number 9 of 2008 concerning the Development of Customs and Customs was later reinforced by Governor Regulation Number 60 of 2013 concerning the Implementation of Customary and Customary Dispute / Dispute Settlement.This study aims to describe the function and authority and find out the procedures for implementing Customary Courts by Sarak Opat in Central Aceh District, then to find out the invoices that constrain Sarak Opat in carrying out customary justice and to find formulations that are obstacles in the implementation of adat justice in Aceh District The middle.This study uses empirical juridical research methods with research sites in Central Aceh District using secondary, primary and tertiary data, then the research data is collected through literature, interviews and observations. From the results of the data are further arranged descriptively analysis.

Article 1 point 5 of Law Number 6 of 2014 defines a village as a legal community unit with the right to its origin. In its implementation, the village government may facilitate the establishment of traditional village institutions (LAD), which function to preserve customs and serve as partners in village governance. Todo Village in Manggarai Regency continues to uphold its traditional values through a functioning customary institution that plays a role as a stakeholder. However, modernization often creates tension between traditional values and modern societal demands. This research is a normative legal study supported by empirical data. The data were analyzed using a juridical-descriptive qualitative method, obtained through field research and other sources.The findings show that the traditional institution in Todo Village has adopted a more modern and administrative structure without losing its core functions in preserving local customs. It maintains a constructive partnership with the village government while each operates independently. Strengthening efforts include providing infrastructure, allocating village funds for traditional house maintenance, and establishing customary organizations to support development. However, challenges remain, especially due to the lack of specific regulations and the fact that Todo has not yet been officially designated as a customary village.

This article discusses the strategic role of traditional leaders in building harmonious communities while preserving cultural heritage. Amidst the challenges of globalization, traditional leaders serve as guardians of tradition and motivators in educating the younger generation about their cultural values. Through various community activities, traditional leaders create spaces for dialogue that strengthen social ties and cooperation among community members. In addition, they also act as mediators in resolving conflicts, using local wisdom-based approaches to achieve peaceful solutions. Thus, this article highlights the importance of traditional leadership in creating social harmony and preserving cultural identity in the modern era.

Marriage in Indonesia is not only regulated by positive law, but also influenced by customary values, such as the tradition of uang panai in the Bugis community in Limpomajang which functions as a form of respect and responsibility for the prospective groom. This research uses a normative juridical method with an analytical descriptive approach to examine the existence of uang panai in the national legal system. The results show that uang panai is part of customary law that remains recognized as long as it does not conflict with laws and regulations and the principle of public order. Therefore, proper understanding from the community and legal apparatus is needed to accommodate customary elements within the framework of national law.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter peduli lingkungan yang terkandung dalam kearifan lokal masyarakat Sasak penganuttradisi Islam Wetu Telu di Lombok. Tradisi Islam Wetu Telu memadukan ajaran Islam dengannilai-nilai lokal yang diwariskan secara turun-temurun dan berakar kuat pada penghormatanterhadap alam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dan studi Pustaka,teknik analisa data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Conten Analisys dan melaluireduksi data (data reduction, sajian data (data display), dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik keagamaan, ritus adat, dan filosofi hidup masyarakat Islam Wetu Telu mengandung nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter seperti kepedulian, tanggung jawab, danharmoni dengan alam. Implementasi nilai-nilai tersebut dalam pendidikan formal dan nonformal diharapkan dapat memperkuat kesadaran lingkungan Masyarakat dan generasimuda.

Customary land is an integral part of the identity and survival of customary law communities, including in the Kampar region, Riau Province. However, along with increasing investment and development, there have been various forms of takeover of customary land rights that have triggered disputes between customary communities and third parties, such as private companies and the government. This study aims to analyze the mechanism for resolving disputes over the takeover of customary land rights in the Kampar region using customary law and national law approaches. The method used is a combination of normative and empirical juridical, data obtained through legal document studies, interviews with authorized local customary leaders. The results of the study show that customary communities in Kampar still rely on customary resolution mechanisms. Meanwhile, in resolving litigation, they often experience administrative and economic obstacles, while non-litigation channels such as multistakeholder mediation and administrative recognition by the local government are more effective if supported by policies that support them. In conclusion, synergy between customary law and national law is absolutely necessary to create fair protection for the rights of indigenous peoples, and it is hoped that there will be strengthening of customary institutions, acceleration of recognition of customary areas through regional regulations, and preparation of integrated mechanisms for resolving disputes based on local culture and national legal certainty.

This research examines the interaction between Paul's understanding of the Kingdom of God and Batak cultural values, especially in the social and spiritual aspects of Batak society. Paul taught that the Kingdom of God is not just a hope for the future, but a reality that is present in the lives of believers through righteousness, peace and joy. present in the lives of believers through righteousness, peace, and joy by the Holy Spirit. by the Holy Spirit. Meanwhile, Batak culture is shaped by principles such as Dalihan Na Tolu, the spirit of gotong royong (marsiadapari), and respect for ancestors, which form the basis of their social and ethical order. their social and ethical order. This research uses a literature study with a theological approach theological approach to examine the harmony and potential tensions between Paul's teachings and Batak customs. and Batak customs. The results of the analysis show that the encounter between the two can create a mutually enriching integration, where Batak customs can be given new meaning by the values of the gospel without losing the meaning of the gospel. given new meaning by gospel values without losing its cultural identity. Practically speaking, this dialogue encourages Batak Christians to apply the values of love, justice and service in the context of the Gospel. love, justice, and service in their cultural context, so that the Kingdom of God can be realised in everyday life that is relevant and down to earth. and down to earth.

Kebun strawberry Dzjikho Alahan Panjang merupakan salah satu kawasan  agrowisata yang semakin populer di Sumatera Barat. Keindahan alam pegunungan, suasana sejuk, dan pengalaman unik memetik strawberry langsung dari kebun menjadi daya tarik utama bagi pengunjung. Selain menawarkan pengalaman wisata yang menarik, keberadaan kebun ini juga memberikan peluang bagi masyarakat setempat untuk mengembangkan sektor pariwisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak keberadaan objek wisata kebun strawberry Dzjikho terhadap kehidupan sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptik kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data meliputi pengamatan lapangan, wawancara mendalam terhadap informan kunci, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pariwisata di Alahan Panjang memberikan dampak positif terhadap perekonomian masyarakat lokal, menciptakan banyak peluang kerja disektor agrowisata, perdagangan, dan jasa. Pemerintah desa juga mendorong keterlibatan masyarakat melalui pelatihan dan penyuluhan. Kelompok tani dibentuk untuk berbagi ilmu, sementara kegiatan gotong royong rutin dilakukan untuk membersihkan kebun dan area sekitarnya. Kolaborasi ini tidak hanya meningkatkan produktivitas tetapi juga mempererat hubungan antar warga. Namun, dampak negatif seperti polusi dan akulturasi budaya juga menjadi perhatian masyarakat setempat.  Masyarakat Alahan Panjang secara umum menerima perkembangan pariwisata dengan baik, meskipun ada kekhawatiran terkait masuknya budaya asing yang tidak sesuai dengan adat lokal.

This study aims to examine the role of Larvul Ngabal customary law as an alternative to resolving disputes that occur in virtual space in the Kei Islands community. This study uses a socio-legal research method with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation and in-depth interviews with traditional leaders and the community in the Kei Islands. The results of the study indicate that Larvul Ngabal customary law has significant potential in resolving disputes in virtual space, especially because it emphasizes the principles of deliberation, consensus, and restoration of social relations. The Kei Islands community tends to choose customary law because it is considered cheaper, fairer, faster, and able to provide comprehensive recovery compared to state law.

A Customary law is an unwritten legal system that has lived and developed in Indonesian society since before the arrival of Western law. This article reviews the role of customary law as part of Indonesia's national legal system, focusing on its relevance and existence in the modern era. Through a qualitative approach with a literature study method, this article discusses how customary law continues to exist amid the challenges posed by globalisation and the development of positive law. The author highlights the importance of preserving the values of customary law as it reflects cultural identity as well as a form of recognition of the rights of customary law communities. The results of the discussion show that although customary law is not systematically recorded, it has an important role in dispute resolution, as well as regulating the social life of the community. Therefore, the integration of customary law into the national legal system needs to be improved to create contextual justice rooted in local culture and values.

This research examines the implementation of the Islamic legal maxim "Al-'Ādatu Muḥakkamah" (custom can be established as law) in the context of Indonesian traditional marriages. Using a normative-empirical approach, the article analyzes the foundations of this maxim from the Qur'an and Hadith, as well as its application to the traditional marriage practices of the Dayak Ngaju and Banjar communities. The findings indicate that the Palaku tradition among the Dayak Ngaju community and the Jujuran tradition among the Banjar community demonstrate compatibility with Islamic legal principles through the application of the Al-'Ādatu Muḥakkamah maxim, although certain aspects require adjustment. This article also elaborates on efforts to harmonize Islamic law and customary law within Indonesia's national legal system. The research concludes that the Al-'Ādatu Muḥakkamah maxim provides a theoretical foundation that enables the accommodation of local cultural values within the framework of Islamic law, thus creating a legal system relevant to the socio-cultural context of Indonesian society.

 Penglipuran village is a traditional village and one of the villages in Bangli Regency, Bali. Penglipuran village is one of the villages that has its own uniqueness as a tourist village that is not owned by other villages. This research focuses on the traditional village of Penglipuran using qualitative descriptive analysis method, where the data is taken from research objects consisting of local residents. The result of the study show that the uniqueness of Penglipuran Village covers several aspects, namely Penglipuran Village as an economic driver and on the other hand, the achievement of equal distribution of basic education in Penglipuran Village.

This research aims to determine how the Village Customary Institution (LAD) strategies for revitalizing cultural heritage in Lumban Gaol Village. Whether the existence of the Village Customary Institution can revive cultural heritage and its impact on the surrounding community. This research was conducted in Lumban Gaol Village using qualitative research methods and informants who became informants, namely the chairman of the Village Customary Institution (LAD), village head, and community. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, documentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results show that the strategies carried out by the Village Customary Institution (LAD) in revitalizing cultural heritage in Lumban Gaol Village include socialization strategies, namely LAD conducting socialization regarding the importance of preserving customs and culture. Culture experience, namely LAD inviting young people to clean cultural heritage and inviting children and the elderly to participate in the Cultural and Tourism Awareness Community in Lumban Gaol Village. Economic strategy, namely LAD together with the community building the village by managing cultural heritage to become a source of income for the community. Conservation strategy, namely LAD together with the community improving road access and repairing buildings by painting, renovating damaged ones, and beautifying the buildings so that the community or visitors feel safe and comfortable.

Indonesia is an archipelagic country rich in ethnic, cultural, religious, and belief diversity. The Indonesian Constitution guarantees freedom of religion and belief, yet adherents of traditional beliefs often face discrimination, particularly in marriage registration. This study aims to evaluate and reconstruct the marriage registration system for adherents of traditional beliefs based on Pancasila's social justice principles. The study employs various theories, including the theory of equal freedom of belief, affirmative action, the legal duty to collect what is scattered, and the principle of iustitia socialis. The findings indicate that the integration of marriage registration institutions, simplification of the registration process, training for registration officers, revision of inclusive regulations, and increased public awareness are crucial to overcoming discrimination and ensuring social justice. The implementation of this reconstruction is expected to provide legal certainty and protection of the rights of traditional belief adherents, reflect Pancasila values, and create a more just and inclusive society.

The irfani approach in the study of Islamic law is a method that integrates spiritual experience, intuition, and moral values in understanding and applying legal principles. This research aims to explore the relevance, implications, and challenges of the irfani approach within the context of Islamic law in Indonesia. By employing normative juridical analysis and literature study, this study finds that the irfani approach enriches the understanding of Islamic law by linking it to contemporary issues, such as social justice, environmental protection, and human rights. This perspective encourages a more holistic and ethical interpretation of legal principles, moving beyond rigid textual analysis. Furthermore, this research highlights the potential harmonization between Islamic law and customary law (adat law) in Indonesia. This integration can create a more inclusive, culturally adaptive, and community-responsive legal system, which aligns with Indonesia's pluralistic legal landscape. However, challenges remain in the widespread acceptance and implementation of the irfani approach. Resistance often arises from scholars and institutions that prefer conventional, textual, and rationalistic approaches to Islamic law, perceiving the irfani method as subjective or lacking legal rigor.Despite these challenges, strengthening education, scholarly dialogue, and interdisciplinary engagement between Islamic law scholars, legal practitioners, and policymakers can foster a greater appreciation for the ethical and spiritual dimensions of Islamic law. By incorporating mystical insights and moral considerations, the irfani approach has significant potential to contribute to the evolution of Islamic law in Indonesia, ensuring its relevance, inclusivity, and adaptability in addressing the complex challenges of modern society.

The development of the Toba Caldera Geopark as a national priority tourism destination is part of the government’s efforts to drive regional economic growth, improve community welfare, and strengthen Indonesia’s position in sustainable tourism. However, its implementation presents significant challenges in balancing economic development, environmental sustainability, and social justice, particularly for indigenous communities around the area. This study aims to analyze the impact of the Toba Caldera Geopark development policy on the environment and local indigenous communities. A multidisciplinary approach was employed, combining qualitative methods through in-depth interviews and participatory observations, along with quantitative data from surveys and official secondary sources. The results indicate potential conflicts between tourism infrastructure development and nature conservation, including environmental degradation and the erosion of local cultural values. Additionally, there is a risk of marginalization of indigenous communities in terms of access to natural resources and their involvement in decision-making processes. Therefore, this study recommends the need for more inclusive and sustainable policies that place indigenous communities at the center of geopark management. Active participation of local communities, recognition of customary land rights, and development approaches based on local wisdom are essential to achieving equitable, sustainable, and environmentally responsible development of the Toba Caldera Geopark.