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Digitalization has played a significant role in improving capital market inclusion literacy in Indonesia. In the era of digital transformation, financial literacy is an important element for people to manage their finances wisely and maximize the use of investment products. This study aims to examine how digitalization affects people's investment behavior through increasing financial literacy and accessibility of financial services. Using a literature study method, this article collects information and data from various sources to explore the impact of digitalization on investment behavior. The results show that financial literacy allows people to understand the risks and opportunities in the capital market, while financial inclusion ensures easier access to financial services. Digitalization accelerates investment adoption, especially among people who were previously less educated about the capital market.

This research aims to underscore the significance of women's emotional intelligence in enhancing the effectiveness of the Board of Directors, a crucial component of internal governance, particularly during crises. Despite strides made in recent decades in appointing women to senior roles in government, business, and education, challenges persist in improving women's leadership opportunities, especially in developing countries. The study utilizes statistical methods, including Pearson's correlation, to analyze the relationships between variables within a sample of banks listed on the Iraqi securities market, comparing periods before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2019 and 2020). The goal is to measure the impact of female emotional intelligence on the Board of Directors' ability to manage crises, focusing on variables such as conservative accounting policies, Board compensation and benefits, meeting frequency, the ratio of external auditor fees to enterprise capital, enterprise capital, share profitability, and the market-to-share profitability ratio. Findings indicate that emotional intelligence (measured by the number of females on the Board) positively influences conservative accounting policies and meeting frequency during crisis periods. Conversely, the pre-crisis period showed a negative relationship, suggesting a proactive and risk-responsive stance by women during crisis. Additionally, the study observed an inverse relationship between crisis periods and both Board compensation and external auditor fee ratios, implying a cost-reduction strategy facilitated by female emotional intelligence. The crisis period also saw an increase in the profitability of individual shares and the market-to-share profitability ratio. The research recommends expanding the study to compare the role of emotional intelligence in Boards between developing and developed economies.

Batik is a work of art that has unique cultural values. The existence of batik can be found at any time in all corners of the city of Pekalongan. Meanwhile, batik production and trading activities are active throughout the day, even late at night. The pulse of people's lives, which is never separated from batik, has given Pekalongan the image of a "batik city". This is quite relevant considering that the people of Pekalongan city cannot be separated from batik, batik has become the economic lifeblood of the people of Pekalongan. Pekalongan batik production is not only sold in the local market but has reached and penetrated the international market. As competition in the international batik industry has arrived, it is fitting for Pekalongan batik to receive legal protection. The legal protection in question is about intellectual property rights, one of which is related to the use of trademark rights. There are two problems in this research, namely how to obtain legal protection for brand rights, logos, batik motifs and models in Pekalongan and how to report criminal acts of misuse or counterfeiting batik logos/brands that have been registered with Intellectual Property Rights. This research was conducted using a normative juridical research model or a normative legal research method. The normative juridical research method is a library-based legal research method. In this research, research will be carried out by analyzing the problems being discussed relating to the regulations on Intellectual Property Rights, specifically Brand Rights. Then the author connects it with legal protection of brand rights for the Batik industry in Pekalongan. Research results Legal protection for copyright of batik motifs generally exists in the 2002 UUHC, as regulated in Article 12 letter i. Based on developments in the 1987 UUHC and 1997 UUHC, batik art that receives copyright protection is non-traditional batik art with the consideration that traditional batik art has become common property (public domain). In the 2002 Copyright Law, both traditional and contemporary batik receive protection. Legal protection for batik motif copyright is obtained automatically without registration. Copyright registration for Pekalongan batik motifs is still rarely done. UUHC 2002 basically protects the artistic work of batik craftsmen without having to register. This creates several problems, namely, new motifs created by batik craftsmen in Pekalongan are marketed, and within three months the printed batik will come out. Regarding this problem, the Pekalongan City and Regency Department of Industry and Trade has not yet taken action because basically most batik motifs in Pekalongan have not been copyrighted. If people want to protest and demand it, it will also cost a lot of money, even though most craftsmen in Pekalongan have little capital. The level of awareness and understanding of the public, especially small and medium industrial entrepreneurs, regarding copyright is still low, so this condition becomes even worse due to the lack of ability to access information, as well as understanding of relevant agency officials regarding the importance of copyright. Keywords: Brand Rights, Legal Protection, Pekalongan Batik

The arrival of foreign investors in the development of the IKN must be followed by legal protection for foreign investors because it is very important to attract and retain investors who come. Legal protection provided to foreign investors consists of guarantees of legal certainty, guarantees of protection for foreign investors against non-commercial risks, guarantees of equal treatment for all investors and guarantees against nationalization and other takeover actions. The purpose of this study is to provide legal certainty for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the government cooperation scheme with KPBU in the IKN. In conducting this research, the author uses a normative legal research method and is descriptive analytical in nature. The legal sources that form the basis of the KPBU scheme are regulated in Law No. 25 of 2007 concerning Investment, and Presidential Regulation No. 38 of 2015 which regulates KPBU in the provision of infrastructure. In addition, the government also provides support in the form of guarantees for investors, which aims to minimize the risks faced by the Implementing Business Entity (BUP) in infrastructure projects in the IKN. Projects such as Palapa Ring and SPAM Umbulan are real examples of the success of the KPBU scheme in the context of national infrastructure.

This study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) to explore the role of social networks in entrepreneurship within the context of Banjarmasin. The research investigates how social connections affect business success, focusing on the influence of networking in developing sustainable ventures. By analyzing peer-reviewed articles published over the last decade, the study identifies key themes, including community support, collaboration, network strength, and access to resources, which act as significant drivers for business growth. Both formal and informal networks are found to play essential roles in enhancing entrepreneurial outcomes. The findings suggest that optimizing these social networks is crucial for achieving sustainable business development. This study offers practical insights for entrepreneurs and policymakers, aiming to provide strategies that leverage local social capital for improved business performance in Banjarmasin.

Solar Power Plant is a photovoltaic system to convert electromagnetic energy from sunlight into electrical energy. This solar power plant is one of the recommended solutions for fulfilling electricity needs in remote rural areas where the PLN electricity network does not enter and has abundant sunlight and fuel is difficult to obtain. Based on data from the Global Solar Atlas, Lembung Mangrove Ecotourism, Galis, Pamekasan Regency has a sunlight potential of 4,603 kWh/m² per day. Therefore, it is unfortunate if this potential is not optimally utilised to build an off-grid solar power plant. The purpose of the research is to assess the feasibility of installing PLTS in Lembung Mangrove Ecotourism in terms of technical, economic, and investment feasibility analysis. From the research results, to meet the electricity demand of 15,055 kWh, it needs 12 200 Wp PV modules assembled in 6 series 2 parallel, 8 12V 200Ah batteries with 4 series 2 parallel, and 1 3 kW hybrid inverter are needed. From the simulation results, the estimated energy that can be produced is 35 kWh with a performance of the system is 61.42%. In terms of investment, the initial capital required is Rp89,954,000 so that the NPV value is obtained at Rp1,725,979, PI is 1.01, and PBP is estimated to fall in year 22 month 11.

This research was carried out against the background because currently food and beverage companies are growing rapidly and many investors are starting to invest their capital in companies in this sector. Before investing capital, what you need to look at in companies in this sector is their company value, however there are several companies whose company value decreases every year. The purpose of this research is to find out how much investment decisions, funding decisions and activity ratios influence company value in food and beverage companies included in ISSI. In this study, researchers used a 5 year period/time period from 2018-2022. Researchers used a quantitative approach in this research. The sampling technique used in this research is the purposive sampling method/using certain criteria. Then the population used in this research was 61 companies, and after conducting sample criteria, 12 food and beverage companies were included in the ISSI for the 2018-2022 period. Furthermore, the data analysis used/used by researchers in this research is panel data analysis which combines cross sections (observing many companies at one time) and time series (time series). This test shows the results that variables X1 (investment decisions) and X3 (activity ratio) have a significant positive influence on company value, while variable X2 (funding decisions) has an insignificant negative influence on company value. And the results of the simultaneous test of variables X1 (investment decisions), X2 (funding decisions) and X3 (activity ratio) influence Y (company value).

The current research collected and studied the three variables that the previous researches are not gathered together.The research aims to find out the effect of marketing and market knowledge in achieving sustainable marketing performance through stated and procedural knowledge represented by marketing thinking to help reach marketing goals by relying on marketing data and information obtained from the market to provide new capabilities and distinct competitive capabilities. The research was applied to a sample of individuals working in Iraqi industrial companies, including the managers, as well as heads of departments and directors of divisions and units.. The focus was on the General Company for Batteries Manufacturing with its two factories, namely the Babel Factory (1) and the Babel Factory (2). A questionnaire was designed to be consistent with purposes of research and its hypothesis. Questionnaires were distributed (122), and (120) Questionnaires were retrieved from them for statistical analysis, i.e. with rate of (98.3%). The research touched a set of deductions, the most significant of which was that marketing and marketing knowledge helps in achieving sustainable marketing performance by carrying out distinct activities, searching for information and knowledge related to customers and competitors, and surveying the market in the long term, it has become an important element in achieving success for contemporary organizations. The research recommends the need to increase companies' interest in market knowledge, and to take the necessary measures to enable them to benefit from this knowledge in creating marketing human capital capable of raising the efficiency of sustainable marketing performance of these companies in short and long term.  

This research aims to reveal the influence of deferred tax expense, green intellectual capital, and debt policy on company performance. This type of research uses associative quantitative research methods. The population in this research are Basic Materials sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2021-2023. The sampling technique in this research is based on purposive sampling technique. It is known that as many as 106 companies are listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in the Basic Materials sector. With the sample selection criteria, a sample of 24 companies was obtained, so the total number of data observations was 72. This research uses statistical tools, namely eviews software version 12. The analysis technique used is data regression. panel. The research results show that deferred tax expense, green intellectual capital, and debt policy simultaneously have a significant effect on company performance. Meanwhile, partially it shows that the deferred tax expense has no effect on company performance. green intellectual capital influences company performance. Debt policy influences company performance.

It is very important for companies to present financial reports in order to increase the relevance value of a company. Researchers conducted research on CV. Agung Jaya. This research aims to find out how to analyze the presentation of company financial reports in accordance with SAK ETAP in order to increase relevance value. This research uses quantitative descriptive. The data sources used were obtained through documentation and interviews.  The analysis techniques used are making reports on the cost of production, making profit and loss, making reports on changes in equity, financial position reports, cash flow reports and notes to financial reports. The results of this research are CV. Agung Jaya has not fully prepared financial reports in accordance with SAK ETAP. The recording carried out is not completely efficient and effective. This discrepancy is why researchers present financial reports in accordance with SAK ETAP consisting of profit and loss reports, capital changes reports, financial position reports, cash flow reports, and notes to financial reports. Having financial reports that comply with SAK ETAP can increase the relevance value, making it easier for users of financial reports to provide company information which will result in no wrong decision making.

This research addresses the issue of how ZIS funds are managed at the UPZ of Tajurhalang District in the development of micro enterprises, as well as the effectiveness of UPZ programs in assisting micro entrepreneurs. The purpose of this study is to understand the management of ZIS funds for developing micro enterprises in Tajurhalang District and to explore the efforts and implementation of productive business capital programs at UPZ. The research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, which describes the issues occurring in the field. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that effective management is essential for successful fundraising activities, as gathering and managing funds is not easy and involves various processes and dynamics. There must be a management process in fundraising, including planning, organizing, executing, and monitoring. ZIS funds, which were initially managed in non-productive sectors, can now be redirected to productive sectors.

Real Work Lecture (KKN) is a community service program by students that aims to empower the community with a cross-disciplinary and sectoral approach. The KKN program in Telaga Jernih Village, Secanggang District, Langkat Regency, aims to overcome the problem of monotonous hereditary livelihoods and open up new business opportunities through economic empowerment and entrepreneurship. Before the program was implemented, most villagers relied on the agricultural sector, especially oil palm and rice, which made the village economy vulnerable to price fluctuations and environmental conditions. This program focused on socialization about livelihood diversification, entrepreneurial skills training, and reducing plastic waste by converting it into products with economic value. Through this training, the community was invited to see local potential that could be developed into new business opportunities. The results of the implementation of this KKN showed an increase in community understanding of the importance of business diversification and the application of skills acquired in starting small businesses in the fields of agricultural processing and plastic waste recycling. Several residents have started new businesses supported by the skills taught during the training. However, several challenges such as low digital literacy and limited access to capital are still obstacles to business development. Therefore, a follow-up program is needed that focuses on developing digital skills and access to capital to support the sustainability of the business that has been pioneered. Overall, this KKN program has succeeded in providing a positive impact on the Telaga Jernih Village community and can be a model for local potential-based economic empowerment in other villages.

This research aims to determine strategies for developing beef cattle farming to increase farmers' income in Bangkali village, Watopute District, Muna Regency. Determining the research area was carried out purposively with the consideration that Bangkali Village, Watopute District, Muna Regency has great potential for the development of beef cattle. There were four informants in this research, including the Animal Husbandry Service, Breeders, Extension Institute and Financial Institutions. Data analysis uses Analitycal Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis. The results of the research show that the priority strategy for developing the beef cattle business to increase farmers' income in Bangkali Village, Watopute District, Muna Regency is capital/finance weight 316, Increasing Marketing weight 275, Increasing human resources weight 206, and increasing production weight 203 with an inconsistency of 0.02

Effect of Effectiveness The use of social media, capital and length of business to increase income is nothing new for business actors. However, many micro-scale culinary entrepreneurs are still hesitant to use social media to develop their business. There are also many of them who have used social media, but have not experienced progress in their business. This research discusses the effectiveness of the use of social media, capital and length of business to increase income carried out by Durian PJ. From the problems above, this research aims to find out how effective the use of social media is for business and capital on Durian PJ Business income. This research focuses on the durian business in Sampang. This research uses E-analysis with the help of Views 8 software. The results of this research show that social media variables and length of business have a positive and significant effect on income, while capital variables have no effect on Durian PJ's business income.

Research on the pattern of development of empowerment of rice farmers towards income levels was carried out in Tombang Village, Walenrang District, Luwu Regency. This research was conducted from January to March 2024. The results of the study showed that rice farming in Walenrang District was profitable with variable costs of IDR 12,442,999 and fixed costs of IDR 407,471 so that the total costs incurred were IDR 12,850,470 and the production value was IDR 44,730,181 so that the net income received by farmers was IDR 31,879,711 per ha / planting season. Based on the t-test with regression analysis, the production factors that influence rice farming income in Walenrang District, namely Land area (X1), Labor costs (X2) and Capital (X3) have a significant effect on increasing production. Based on the F test on the regression analysis of production factors, the independent variables, namely land area (X1), labor costs (X2) and capital (X3), have a significant influence on increasing production in rice farming in Walenrang sub-district, Luwu district.

The Indonesian region has a wealth of natural and cultural resources that provide large capital for the tourism sector. Tourism is one of the creative economies that is currently in the development stage. New Celosia Bandungan is one of the tourist destinations that has high appeal in the Bandungan area, Central Java. This research aims to analyze strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) as well as policy analysis that can be carried out to develop tourist attractions owned by New Celosia as a tourist destination. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with data collection through field observations, interviews with informants, and documentation. The analysis results show that New Celosia has several strengths, such as affordable ticket prices, attractive photo spots, and complete facilities. However, weaknesses were also found, such as non-functioning rides and relatively expensive food prices. Regarding opportunities, the strategic location and increasing tourism demand provide potential for further development. On the other hand, threats such as competition with other tourist attractions and extreme weather must also be anticipated. Based on this SWOT analysis, it is recommended that New Celosia Tourism improve the management of facilities and services, as well as take advantage of existing development opportunities to increase visiting interest and competitiveness in the tourism industry.

Writing journal about "death penalty from a criminal and human rights perspectiveis " is to find and describe how the application of death penalty to date, in which there are several countries that apply it to as a payment and even the punishment must be accepted by someone who has violated the provisions of regulations in a country. There are Countries Applied death penalty include China, Saudi Arabia, Iran, the Indonesia and United States. In all countries there are various types of capital punishment, but the most commonly used are shooting and death row Implementation of death penalty in the Criminal Code is only regulated by Article 11 with the compiler R. Soesilo As the formula: the execution of death penalty is imposed by a judicial institution within the military court or general court, with a procedure of being shot to death in accordance with the provisions of Law No. 2 (PNPS) of 1964 However, death penalty contradicts of notion by human rights as described in article 3 of the DUHAM which states that the most extreme form of violation of the right to life is killing or injuring a person or group of people physically or mentally.

The purpose of this service is to explore the local wisdom of Gusjigang towards Santri. The method used in this study is a case study aimed at revealing the reality of Gusjigang to Santri, hoping to reveal the benefits of Gusjigang to Santri and increase Santri's economic independence. Gusjigang, as an example of Santri's entrepreneurial spirit, must overcome the characteristics of capitalism that always pursue profits but sacrifice social ethics. The spiritual strength of the Santri community with the spirit of Gusjigang can enhance positive business ethics. Gusjigang local content has not been included in the curriculum of Al-Azhar Islamic Boarding School, Sukoharjo, Central Java. One of the major challenges for the service team was to begin communicating the importance of the gusjigang spirit to students at Al-Azhar Islamic Boarding School in Sukoharjo, Central Java.

Jambi batik has certain characteristics, its motifs or designs are related to the richness of culture and nature by reflecting Jambi's social/culture, depicting Jambi's resources and having historical value. One of them is in Merangin Regency, especially in Muara Jernih Village, Tabir Ulu District. The UP2K PKK Team of Muara Jernih Village took steps to explore local wisdom by producing batik. The batik they produce has its own regional uniqueness with the Kepayang Mabuk batik motif, Lukah Enjab Tigo batik and the Tugu Perjuangan Perang Bukit Palumun batik. This batik has begun to be widely liked and worn by residents, this will certainly be a high economic value for the PKK mothers of Muara Jernih Village who dare to take creative steps to explore the potential of the region into a productive business. However, in its development there are several problems that become obstacles in producing and introducing the existence of the batik. The identified problems concern capital, production management, labor and batik marketing. This is where the importance of increasing productivity lies. Productivity is the main goal in industrial activities. Productivity reflects public awareness of the impact of productivity on economic growth, living standards, and competitiveness. This is what drives the PPM Team from FEB UNJA to conduct a Productivity Improvement Training for the UP2K PKK Team in Introducing Batik Khas Muara Jernih Village, Tabir Ulu District, Merangin Regency, because one form of village economic development is by developing the potential and local wisdom of the village.

This study aims to determine the marketing strategy of sangkuriang catfish seeds (Clarias gariepinu var) in Tawamelewe Village, Uepai District, Konawe Regency using SWOT analysis. The respondents in this study were the owner of a catfish hatchery, Mr. Nengah Sama. The results of the analysis of the sangkuriang catfish hatchery business began in 2013 with a pond area of ​​20 ares, until now in 2024 with a pond area of ​​2 ha. The business capital is IDR 3,000,000-5,000,000. up to the current capital of IDR 30,000,000.-50,000,000. The monthly income of UPR Nengah Surya mina reaches IDR 6,000,000.- IDR 8,000,000. if demand is high, the monthly income reaches IDR 8,000,000.- IDR 10,000,000. The results of internal and external factors, the strength factor of the Sangkuriang Catfish Seedling Business in Tawamelewe Village, Uepai District is superior compared to its weaknesses. The opportunity factor in the current condition is quite large compared to its threats. The Sangkuriang Catfish Seedling Business in Tawamelewe Village, Uepai District is currently in Quadrant I, a company that is in quadrant I is a very profitable situation. The company has opportunities and strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that can be done is by supporting aggressive business growth.