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Teachers are a crucial element that cannot be overlooked in the teaching and learning process, as they can determine the success or failure of that process. Therefore, in the process of education and instruction, it is essential to have qualified teachers. This means that, in addition to mastering the subject matter and teaching methods, teachers must also understand the fundamentals of education. These educational foundations are extremely important for teachers to know in carrying out their noble duties as instructors or educators. They serve as a means to inspire and motivate students in their learning process. Even if a teacher has excellent mastery of the subject matter, without knowledge of didactic factors, it can create obstacles for students in understanding what the teacher is conveying. On the other hand, teaching experience can actually make it easier for teachers to deliver lessons effectively, especially when supported by the use of appropriate and well-applied teaching methods.

This study aims to analyze how adaptive curriculum encourages learning flexibility and its contribution to improving the quality of education in the era of disruption. The research approach used is qualitative with a case study type. This research was conducted at MI Al Khoiriyyah, Muara Bungo, Indonesia. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction techniques, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, while the validity of the data was checked by triangulation of sources and techniques. The results of the study indicate that adaptive curriculum provides flexible space for teachers to adjust learning methods and materials according to student characteristics, supported by the visionary managerial leadership of the principal and the use of digital technology. These findings show that the success of adaptive curriculum is greatly influenced by the synergy between educational actors and supporting facilities that are responsive to change. The contribution of this study lies in a comprehensive understanding of the practice of implementing adaptive curriculum and strategic recommendations for the development of future education policies.

This study examines the role of local governments in strengthening religious education through the policy of exempting Education Development Contributions (SPP) in the era of regional autonomy. The free tuition policy is one of the local government's strategic efforts to increase access and equity in religious education, especially for the underprivileged. Using a qualitative approach, this study analyzes policy implementation, obstacles faced, and the impact of policies on the quality and equity of religious education in religious education units. The results of the study show that local governments play the role of regulators and facilitators by providing supportive budgets and regulations, thereby encouraging an increase in student participation and the quality of religious education. However, challenges in data validation and budget management still need to be overcome for more optimal policy effectiveness. This study emphasizes the importance of synergy between local governments and communities in developing inclusive and sustainable religious education in the era of decentralization.

The Indonesian Language for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) program is gaining global interest, yet its learning process still faces various challenges. This study aims to identify and analyze difficulties experienced by international students in learning Indonesian at the Language Center of Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. A descriptive qualitative method was employed, utilizing in-depth interviews with two foreign students. The findings reveal that the main challenges include vocabulary acquisition, differences in grammatical structure, accent adaptation, as well as adjusting to Indonesian culture and native speakers’ speaking speed. Proposed solutions involve repeated practice, direct interaction with native speakers, and the use of interactive learning methods. In conclusion, a deeper understanding of these challenges can help design more effective and adaptive BIPA learning strategies.

This study examines the strategic role of Civic Education (PKn) in increasing national and state awareness among elementary school students in Indonesia. Through a qualitative approach with conceptual analysis methods and literature studies, this study identifies four main roles of civil society: the cultivation of national identity, the recognition of citizens' rights and obligations, the development of democratic values, and the formation of attitudes of tolerance and multiculturalism. The dimensions of consciousness developed include constitutional consciousness, nationalism, multiculturalism, and participatory. This article also explains effective PKn implementation strategies through experiential learning, integration with daily life, the use of interactive learning media, and example and habituation. Despite having a vital role, the implementation of PKn still faces challenges in the form of learning that tends to be theoretical, limited teacher competence, and counterproductive environmental influences. The evaluation of PKn's success in increasing awareness can be measured through behavior change, conceptual understanding, active participation, and social concern of students. In conclusion, PKn that is implemented contextually and meaningfully from an early age can be an effective foundation in forming good citizens and maintaining national identity in the global era.

The problems faced by students have a considerable effect on the quality of education, particularly at the secondary education level. Internal factors such as academic stress, low learning motivation, and unstable psychological conditions can hinder students' academic development. Meanwhile, external factors such as family environment, complex curriculum, high education costs, and inadequate facilities further deteriorate the education system. These challenges contribute to low student achievement, increased dropout rates, and declining quality of social interactions in educational settings. This article uses a literature review approach to examine various. factors affecting education quality and explores possible solutions. The findings indicate that intervention from schools, parents, and the government is crucial to creating an inclusive, supportive, and responsive educational environment.

Education is the main foundation in creating quality human resources, but until now the quality of education in Indonesia still faces serious challenges, especially in terms of inequality in the distribution of resources between urban and rural environments. This study aims to examine the role of regional autonomy in improving the quality of education in Indonesia within the framework of decentralization. The approach used in this study is qualitative descriptive with a literature study method. Data collection techniques are carried out through literature reviews from books, scientific journals, and education policy documents, which are then analyzed critically to explore the relationship between decentralization policies and improving the quality of education. The results of the study indicate that regional autonomy allows for more contextual education policies that are in accordance with local needs, so that they can significantly improve the quality of education. However, challenges such as disparities in resources between regions, budget constraints, and lack of readiness of regional apparatus are still major obstacles. This study concludes that the success of educational decentralization is highly dependent on managerial readiness, policy commitment, and technology integration and community participation in the education process.

The objective of this study is to design an appropriate strategy in instilling character values ​​in grade 5 students of SDN Walikukun, with an emphasis on strengthening the values ​​of responsibility, discipline, honesty, and cooperation. The study employed literature studies and qualitative data analysis, which resulted in the conclusion that it is very important for character building in elementary schools to be implemented systematically and sustainably. These efforts need to involve the active role of various parties, such as teachers, parents, schools, and the surrounding environment. The implementation strategy includes integrating character values ​​in the teaching and learning process, habituating positive daily actions, role models from teachers, and monitoring student development through behavioral documentation. In addition, democratic and communicative parenting patterns greatly influence children's character formation, especially if adjusted to the child's innate personality type which can be recognized through approaches such as genetic personality. Simple digital technology can also be used as a supporting medium for character education, although there are still obstacles in the form of limited facilities and infrastructure. The results obtained from this study are hoped to be used as a reference in the implementation of relevant and effective character education at SDN Walikukun.

Making decisions is a crucial part of educational administration in order to successfully accomplish organizational objectives. Examining the idea and phases of decision-making in the management of teachers and other education staff is the goal of this study. A literature study is the approach taken, gathering information from books, journals, and related sources. According to the study's findings, making wise decisions requires a methodical process that includes problem identification, alternative analysis, choosing the best solution, execution, and evaluation. For decisions to be successful and responsible, ethics, dangers, and the interests of different parties must also be taken into account.

This study aims to describe the implementation of Islamic education in the teachings of Tarjumah Jam'iyah Rifa'iyah in Luwihan Hamlet, Kalikajar District, Wonosobo Regency. Qualitative setting field research takes the object of the implementation of Islamic education in the teachings of Tarjumah Jam'iyah Rifa'iyah, located in Luwihan Hamlet, Kalikajar District, Wonosobo Regency for two months from March to April 2025, with research subjects including the congregation of the sect, community leaders, and religious leaders. Data were obtained through interviews, observations, and documentation to then be analyzed descriptively. The results of the research show that the Tarjumah teachings are a legacy of K.H. Ahmad Rifa'i's thoughts which emphasize three main principles in Islamic education, namely the formation of strong faith, the development of noble morals (akhlaqul karimah), and the practice of Islamic law as a whole (kaffah). This concept not only emphasizes theoretical or cognitive aspects, but also focuses on the formation of real character and behavior in accordance with Islamic values ​​in everyday life. The implementation of Islamic education in this teaching is carried out through various religious activities that are integrated with community life, such as regular religious studies in mosques, prayer rooms, or residents' homes, with the main material in the form of Javanese tarjumah books containing Islamic teachings in the form of nadham, including aqidah, worship, muamalah, and manners. In addition, the implementation of congregational worship such as the five daily prayers, dhuha prayers, and dhikr activities, are also effective educational media. This fact shows the harmony between teaching, habituation, and exemplary behavior, where Islamic values ​​are not only taught, but are manifested in social interactions in society through joint religious activities, traditions of mutual assistance, concern for the environment, and efforts to maintain social harmony. Thus, Islamic education in the teachings of Tarjumah Jam’iyah Rifa’iyah has proven to be able to form a society that is religious, has character, and consistently practices Islamic teachings in everyday life. This finding leads to the direction of future research to examine more widely the comparative implementation of tarjumah teachings in other regions and its impact on positive social change in more depth.  

This community service activity aims to implement the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5) with a multicultural education-based approach in the school environment. P5 is part of the Independent Curriculum which aims to form students with character according to Pancasila values. Multicultural education was chosen as the main approach to instill the values ​​of tolerance, mutual cooperation, and respect for cultural diversity. The method of implementing the activity includes socialization of the P5 concept, teacher training in implementing multicultural learning, and mentoring the implementation of the project with students. The results of the activity showed an increase in teacher understanding of the integration of Pancasila values ​​in the learning process and an increase in active student participation in activities that respect cultural differences. This activity also encourages the creation of an inclusive and harmonious learning environment. Thus, the implementation of P5 based on multicultural education has proven effective in supporting the strengthening of student character according to the Pancasila Student Profile.

This study explores leadership psychology within the context of education, focusing on the relationship between leadership styles, psychological empowerment, and organizational performance. Using a literature review method, the findings reveal that leadership styles such as transformational, democratic, and situational have a significant impact on creating a supportive and collaborative work environment. Effective leadership fosters psychological empowerment by enhancing employees' sense of meaning, competence, self-determination, and influence. This, in turn, directly contributes to increased motivation, job satisfaction, and overall performance within educational institutions. Therefore, a psychological approach to leadership is a crucial element in building competitive and adaptable educational organizations.

In the era of digital transformation, technology plays a central role in shaping the future of education. This study explores the role of school principals as transformative leaders in promoting technology-based learning, particularly in the context of Indonesian schools. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with school principals, teachers, and education personnel from schools that have integrated technology into their teaching and learning processes. Secondary data were obtained from government policies, official school documents, and relevant literature. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key patterns related to leadership practices that support the adoption of educational technology. The findings reveal that effective principals act not only as visionaries and change agents but also as facilitators, mentors, and collaborators who foster inclusive and innovative school environments. They play a critical role in developing teachers’ digital competencies, ensuring adequate infrastructure, and building a positive digital culture. This study highlights the importance of strategic leadership in overcoming challenges such as limited resources and resistance to change. The results provide practical guidance for principals and policymakers to develop sustainable technology-based education programs and contribute to the global discourse on educational leadership in developing countries. Keywords: , , , , .

Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability (KPMM) is one of the essential skills that must be developed, as it trains students to formulate appropriate solution strategies, understand the meaning of each step, and cultivate systematic thinking habits. One of the tools that can be utilized to support the development of KPMM is the use of Student Worksheets (LKPD). Various studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of using LKPD in improving students' KPMM; however, comprehensive reviews that specifically examine the effectiveness of LKPD based on educational level and the form of LKPD used are still limited. Therefore, this study aims to analyze and synthesize previous research findings on the effectiveness of LKPD in supporting students’ KPMM in terms of educational level and LKPD format through a meta-analysis method. The population and sample of this study consist of journal articles and national conference proceedings selected according to PRISMA guidelines. The results of the meta-analysis show that the use of LKPD has a very strong influence on enhancing students' KPMM, with an effect size of 2.123. Based on educational level, LKPD is proven to be more effective when used at the junior high school level (SMP) compared to the senior high school level (SMA), while in terms of format, digital LKPD is more effective than printed LKPD in supporting students' KPMM.

Ibn Sina (Avicenna), a 10th-century Muslim philosopher, scientist, and educator, has made major contributions to Islamic educational thought. This paper aims to examine the relevance of Ibn Sina's educational thought in the context of modern Islamic educational philosophy. Through a qualitative approach with literature study, this article analyzes Ibn Sina's ideas on the goals of education, stages of child development, and learning methods, as well as their relationship to the challenges of contemporary Islamic education. The results of the study show that Ibn Sina's thoughts are not only philosophical but also applicable, and remain relevant in efforts to build a holistic and sustainable Islamic education system.

Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability (KPMM) is one of the essential skills that must be developed, as it trains students to formulate appropriate solution strategies, understand the meaning of each step, and cultivate systematic thinking habits. One of the tools that can be utilized to support the development of KPMM is the use of Student Worksheets (LKPD). Various studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of using LKPD in improving students' KPMM; however, comprehensive reviews that specifically examine the effectiveness of LKPD based on educational level and the form of LKPD used are still limited. Therefore, this study aims to analyze and synthesize previous research findings on the effectiveness of LKPD in supporting students’ KPMM in terms of educational level and LKPD format through a meta-analysis method. The population and sample of this study consist of journal articles and national conference proceedings selected according to PRISMA guidelines. The results of the meta-analysis show that the use of LKPD has a very strong influence on enhancing students' KPMM, with an effect size of 2.123. Based on educational level, LKPD is proven to be more effective when used at the junior high school level (SMP) compared to the senior high school level (SMA), while in terms of format, digital LKPD is more effective than printed LKPD in supporting students' KPMM.

Educational management in the Islamic perspective is not only administrative but also spiritual and scientific. Hadis Tarbawi, as part of the Islamic heritage, offers managerial principles that can be applied in education, ranging from planning and implementation to evaluation. This study aims to reveal the managerial content in Hadis Tarbawi that can serve as a guide for Muslim educators. Using a qualitative approach and literature review method, this research analyzes selected hadiths related to educational values. The findings show that Hadis Tarbawi contains key principles such as just leadership, effective communication, character development, continuous evaluation, and spirituality in managing the educational process. These insights enrich the scientific literature in the field of Islamic educational management and offer a more holistic approach to managing education. The study recommends integrating Hadis Tarbawi into the Islamic education curriculum and providing training for educators to apply these principles in practice.

The education system in Indonesia comprises a series of interconnected components and educational activities aimed at achieving national education goals. With the growing demands for educational reform, policies related to education have undergone several modifications. Every individual in the country has the right and obligation to attain a decent life; however, in reality, many are still unable to experience genuine well-being. This situation arises because the government and leaders tend to prioritize rights over fulfilling their responsibilities. The methodology employed is qualitative, The research findings indicate that the education policies implemented have not yet fully reached all segments of society, particularly vulnerable groups, despite the presence of public participation in forums such as Musrenbang. Moreover, the success of implementation largely depends on effective coordination between central and regional governments, as well as adequate socio-political support.

This research aims to analyze teachers’perceptions regarding inclusive education and to identify the barriers in the implementation of education policies for Children with Special Needs (CSN) in Indonesia. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative through a literature riview that analyzes scientific literature and related policies. The results of this study indicate that although the majority of teachers support the concept of inclusive education, there are still significant obstacles in its implementation, such as the lack of teachers’ competence in handling CSN, limited training, and minimal supporting facilities. However, there are also great opportunities to strengthen the inclusive education syste, through ongoing teacher training and collaboration between schools, parents, and community. Theachers’ perceptions of Children with Special Needs (CSN) are influenced by their experiences, understanding of inclusive education, and the situations in schools. This finding concludes that the success of inclusive education healivy depends on the readliness of teachers and support from various skateholders. Therefore, i tis necessary on enchance teachers’ competencies and foster good cooperatoin on effectively implement inclusive education policies.    

This research looks at the problem of what social, economic, and educational aspects are contained in the novel “Bekisar Merah” by Ahmad Tohari. The purpose of this research is to obtain the results of the analysis of the novel using the sociology of literature approach. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research and the data used in conducting this research are sentences and dialogues that show social aspects, economic aspects, and educational aspects in the novel “Bekisar Merah” by Ahmad Tohari. The data collection techniques used in this research are reading and note-taking techniques. The results of this research are social aspects, economic aspects and educational aspects contained in the novel “Bekisar Merah” by Ahmad Tohari.