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This research aims to evaluate the influence of extracurricular activities on students' learning motivation at SMP Muhammadiyah 02 Medan. Extrinsic motivation is often needed to encourage students who lack an internal drive to learn, especially at elementary school age, where play activities are often more interesting than learning. It is hoped that extracurricular activities can function as a source of additional motivation and improve student learning outcomes. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method, where data is collected through questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS 25.0. The research results show that the significance value of the t test for the extracurricular activity variable is 0.000, which is smaller than 0.05, and the calculated t of 1.848 is smaller than the t table of 2.052. Thus, the hypothesis that extracurricular activities influence learning motivation. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.112 indicates that only 11.2% of the variation in learning motivation can be explained by extracurricular activities, while the remainder (88.8%) is influenced by other factors outside this research. These findings indicate that although extracurricular activities are an important element, their influence on students' learning motivation at SMP Muhammadiyah 02 Medan is not significant.

The aim of the study is improving students learning outcomes through the use of congklak media in mathematics lessons on the topic of Least Common Multiple (LCM). The study employs a descriptive qualitative method with a sample of 21 fourth-grade students from State Elementary School 13 Merawang. The Classroom Action Research was conducted over two cycles, each consisting of two meetings. The stages of classroom action research include planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Based on the learning process results using congklak media, there was a significant improvement in student learning outcomes, as evidenced by the number of students meeting the minimum mastery criteria and the average class score. In the first cycle, the number of students meeting the mastery criteria was 33.33 percent in the first meeting and 47.61 percent in the second meeting. In the second cycle, the number of students meeting the mastery criteria increased to 76.20 percent in the first meeting and 95 percent in the second meeting. The average class score showed a gradual improvement, reaching 80.47 in the second cycle. The implementation of learning using congklak media was able to significantly enhance students' learning outcomes, achieving a significant number of students meeting the mastery criteria in one class.

One of the health problems involving school-aged children is musculoskeletal complaints which are thought to be caused by using backpacks that are too heavy. School bags are used as containers for books and other school equipment to be taken to school. The current trend is that schools often give homework, assignments and extra-curricular activities which have an impact on the amount of material that school students have to bring. Objective: To determine the differences in levels of neck pain when using backpacks in children aged 10 - 12 years among students at SDN Barusari 01 Semarang in terms of gender. The sample in this study consisted of 52 children. Research Method: backpack use questionnaire and REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) observation sheet. This research uses bivariate analysis, namely the Chi-Square test. The results showed that, of the 52 students, 26 students (68.2%) complained of mild pain and 18 students complained of moderate pain (21.7%) and 8 students did not complain of pain (10.10%). There is a relationship between backpack use and complaints of shoulder pain with a P value of 0.011 (P<0.05). Conclusion: There is a relationship between the use of backpacks and complaints of shoulder pain in students at Sdn Barusari 01 Semarang. Suggestion: Awareness of paying attention to the load or weight of backpacks at school is important to implement as a preventive measure to reduce the incidence of complaints of shoulder pain in school-aged children.

Background: Children who experience dental and oral health problems can experience a decline in quality. At the age of elementary school children, it is necessary for business actors to maintain dental and oral health regularly, both in counseling, examinations and dental and oral health care, by parents, schools and related government agencies. Elementary school age is the ideal time to train children's motor skills, including brushing their teeth. In addition, school age has shown learning sensitivity according to children's curiosity. Objective: To provide dental and oral health education through interactive learning media to students of SDN Inpres Tamamaung 4, Makassar City in 2022. Method: This community service is carried out by providing counseling, using media, namely back and forth worksheets, animated films, and puzzle games that aim to create two-way communication and make students active. Respondents in this community service were 3rd grade students of SDN Inpres Tamamaung 4, Makassar City in 2022. Results: There were 5 respondents (25%) with a good level of knowledge before being given facilities increasing to 14 (70%), there were 5 respondents (25%) with a sufficient level of knowledge before being given facilities decreasing to 4 (20%), and there were 10 respondents (50%) with a level of knowledge before being given facilities decreasing to 2 respondents (10%). Conclusion: Community service activities with the theme "Dental and Oral Health Education Through Interactive-Based Learning Media for Students of SDN Inpres Tamamaung 4, Makassar City in 2022" have been carried out well and received a positive response from the 3rd grade students that we have filtered through screening. It was found that many students have dental and oral problems such as cavities and their lack of knowledge about how to maintain dental and oral health is due to the lack of health socialization held by the school and local health centers.

Maintaining body health is an obligation for each of us. The most crucial body health from our five senses that must be maintained is oral health, which includes the teeth and gums because teeth are a part of the body that serves a purpose in chewing food.  Bina Bangsa University students share their knowledge through this community service in the health sector. Children at SDN 3 Kronjo are the target audience for this PKM, which aims to address a variety of dental health issues that they may encounter. Maintaining oral hygiene is the most important preventive measure for infections that can lead to cavities. The solution to this program is to plan material delivery and how to overcome the health issue of cavities, which frequently occurs in elementary school children. The activity takes the form of health education provided by Bina Bangsa University (UNIBA) students to participants, who are elementary school children in classes 5 and 6. Meanwhile, UNIBA KKM Implementers carry out the extension method continuously throughout the KKM program, as programmed. This KKM activity also includes practice on how to brush your teeth properly and the consequences of not maintaining healthy teeth, gums, and oral cavities.

This activity helps elementary school students in Indonesia learn digital literacy, critical thinking, creative thinking, and collaboration by making Pancasila-themed posters with the Canva app. The activity trained and mentored 5th graders from two schools in Kudus in using Canva to create posters. The activity had phases for planning, implementation, and evaluation. The training improved students' understanding of digital literacy, technical skills, creativity, speaking skills, motivation, and appreciation. It also increased their interest in technology and improved their skills and motivation in learning. This shows that integrating educational technology into learning can be effective for enhancing student skills and motivation. The activity aimed to address the issue of low digital literacy among elementary school students in Indonesia and improve their abilities through poster making using Canva.

This study aims to describe and find out the implementation of learning basic motion techniques in class X of SMA Negeri 9 Padang. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive method of analysis. The research instruments are the researchers themselves and are assisted by supporting instruments such as stationery, cameras and recorders. Data were collected through literature studies, observations, interviews and documentation. The steps of analyzing data are data collection, identifying data, clarifying data and concluding data. The results of the study show that cultural arts learning in the school has not been effective due to the lack of appropriate use of learning media, especially in the context of dance art. The use of only videos as a learning medium and group discussion methods only provide a limited picture of the material being studied. It is important to increase students' enthusiasm and motivation by providing a clear understanding of what is being learned and the purpose of learning cultural arts. Although art is a creative field of study, learning also has specific goals, such as developing the potential of artists who can contribute to different levels of education, including from the secondary and elementary levels.

Bullying is a harmful behavior that has the potential to cause serious psychological impacts on children, especially in school settings. This study aims to explore the role of Universitas Negeri Padang (UNP) Student Community Service (KKN) students in educating elementary school students about the dangers of bullying. Socialization activities were conducted in three elementary schools, namely SD 12 Sapan, SD 13 Sungai Durian, and SD 02 Sapan, Durian 2 Village, Barangin District, Sawah Lunto City, using presentation and interactive discussion methods. The results showed that 55% of students considered bullying as a joke, with the most common form of bullying being teasing about parents' names and physical conditions. These findings indicate the need for continuous education to increase students' understanding of the boundaries between joking and bullying and its negative impacts. Through this program, UNP KKN students contribute to creating a safer and more supportive environment for elementary school students.    

One effort to improve elementary school students' arithmetic (numeracy) skills is to use learning media in the form of an abacus. The abacus, also known as mental arithmetic, is a medium for developing thinking and calculating abilities in mathematics and is able to balance the abilities of the right and left brain. Therefore, SD 01 Ulak Karang teachers need to improve their skills in using the abacus, so that these skills can be mastered and provided to students well. The method of this activity includes basic level abacus training, namely (1) introducing body posture when using an abacus, (2) introducing the rules and how to operate/move the abacus beads, (3) introducing number notations represented by one or a group of abacus beads.  (4) introduce the technique of calculating addition and subtraction using an abacus and practice questions. Based on the results of this activity, the teachers at SDN 01 Ulak Karang Selatan are familiar with the technique of calculating with an abacus and can use the abacus to carry out addition and subtraction operations correctly and quickly. The teachers were very enthusiastic about being able to master all the techniques and calculation operations with the abacus.

This research aims to describe the implementation of the Course Review Hooray (CRH) method in teaching vocabulary and to see students' perceptions of the use Course Review Hooray (CRH) in their class. This research was based on the problem of students lack of vocabulary and  motivation in learning vocabulary. The design of this research is qualitative approach. The Participants in this research were 28 students from the fourth grade of elementary school in Jrambe, Dlanggu, Mojokerto Regency. The data was collected through observation and questionnaires. The result of the first research question is the implementation of Course Review Hooray (CRH) in the classroom. There are fourth steps for the implementatition. The first, students are instructed to form groups with a total of 5 students in each group. Second, each group is given a card that is used to collect points. Third, when the teacher throws questions related to transportation material and if anyone can answer the question, the students raise their hands,and then they answer the question. Fourth, if the group's answer is correct, then 1 group cheered together “Hooraay” and followed by teacher giving points to the group's card in the form of a stamp. The group that gets the most points will get a reward at the end of the lesson. Based on the results of student perception from the implementation of Course Review Hooray (CRH), most of students feel this method is exciting, fun, the class atmosphere becomes lively, and they understand the material better if they use Course Review Hooray because it is challenging as they should collect points and they are actively involved in the learning process.

School-aged children who engage in improper eating behaviors may face serious nutritional problems. During this crucial growth stage, meeting their nutritional needs must be closely monitored. A lack of knowledge about nutritional education can lead children to choose unhealthy foods. Healthy foods are those that contain balanced nutrition. The influx of fast food into Indonesia's food sector can also influence the eating habits of the population. To prevent future nutritional issues, it is important to provide nutritional education to elementary school children to enhance their knowledge, attitudes, and practices in choosing healthy foods and snacks. The food menu for school-aged children should contain balanced nutrition to meet the body's needs. This study aims to examine the impact of nutritional education on the knowledge of fifth-grade students at UPT SDN 060831 Medan regarding the consumption of healthy and nutritious foods. The study involved 64 respondents divided into two groups: those who received nutritional education and those who did not. The respondents were fifth-grade students aged 10–13 years. Data were collected through questionnaires. A pre-test was initially conducted on both groups. Then, the education group received four sessions of nutritional education. Two months later, final data were obtained through a post-test. The results of the study indicated that providing nutritional education had an impact on the knowledge, attitudes, and food consumption behaviors of fifth-grade students at UPT SDN 060831 Medan.    

Walisongo State Islamic University KKN students held a socialization on the importance of literacy and basic provisions for religious moderation from an early age at the banjiran public elementary school where the purpose of this socialization was carried out to provide a deep understanding to teachers, students about the importance of religious literacy in shaping the character of good and religious children. Religious moderation literacy is the ability to understand, interpret and apply religious teachings in a balanced and tolerant manner. Religious moderation literacy also includes the ability to communicate effectively about the values of moderation and to coexist harmoniously with individuals from various religious backgrounds. In this socialization, learning media such as videos, summary materials in the form of power points and also educational applications are used to convey the values of religious moderation.

Walisongo State Islamic University KKN students held a socialization on the importance of literacy and basic provisions for religious moderation from an early age at the banjiran public elementary school where the purpose of this socialization was carried out to provide a deep understanding to teachers, students about the importance of religious literacy in shaping the character of good and religious children. Religious moderation literacy is the ability to understand, interpret and apply religious teachings in a balanced and tolerant manner. Religious moderation literacy also includes the ability to communicate effectively about the values of moderation and to coexist harmoniously with individuals from various religious backgrounds. In this socialization, learning media such as videos, summary materials in the form of power points and also educational applications are used to convey the values of religious moderation.

Learning activities at the lower elementary school level are a process of preservation from kindergarten to elementary school level, in this case the learning principle applied in the lower grades is learning while playing. Activities that stimulate creativity either directly or embedded in other learning activities. One activity that can stimulate creativity is drawing and coloring. Coloring can increase students' imagination and concentration. Students are expected to be able to choose and combine colors correctly between their imagination and real objects. In the activity of coloring a picture, students will also be measured on how neat and clean the results are. Coloring will create a fun learning process. This research aims to measure how creative students are through coloring competition activities. The research method used is a qualitative method with data collection through observation, interviews and documentation. From the results of research that increases creativity through drawing and coloring activities above, it is clear that students will be more easily interested in playing activities and will be interested in colors. This coloring activity can make students express their thoughts and imagination.

The research is motivated by the fact that not all teachers use technology-based media in teaching and learning activities, especially in learning about building cube and block spaces. Teachers use more objects around students as media. This research aims to develop learning media based on augmented reality technology on classroom building materials in grade IV elementary school using a valid, practical and effective Problem Based Learning model. The type of research used in this study is development research using the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement and Evaluate) model. The subjects of product trials and research data collection were grade IV students of SDN 08 Surau Gadang. The validation instrument used in this study is in the form of a validation sheet which aims to determine the validity or not of learning media based on Augmented Reality technology on space building materials. The analysis technique in this study uses the validity of learning media and the practicality of learning media. The results of the study show that the development of learning media based on augmented reality technology on building materials for cubes, blocks and prisms with the Problem Based Learning (PbL) model has been developed using the ADDIE development model and obtained an average result from three expert validators with a percentage of 81.33% which is included in the "Very Valid" category. The practicality of teachers' response to learning media based on Augmented Reality technology in building materials for cubes, blocks and triangular prisms in grade IV of elementary school obtained a percentage result of 90% with the very practical category at SDN 09 Surau Gadang and 96% with the very practical category at SDN 08 Surau Gadang. The results of the effectiveness test at the first meeting were obtained with a learning outcome percentage of 82.16%. Then at the second meeting, the percentage of learning outcomes increased by 88.16% at SDN 09 Surau Gadang. Then at SDN 08 Surau Gadang, the results of the effectiveness test at the first meeting were 87.19% and the results of the effectiveness test increased at the second meeting by 93%.

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium Tuberculosis germ, which mostly attacks the lungs. The problem of controlling pulmonary tuberculosis has been implemented in many countries since 1995, but it remains a health problem in the community that causes high mortality among infants, children, adolescents, and seniors. One of the government programs in controlling pulmonary tuberculosis is the Joint Movement against tuberculosis in education units, the targets in the program are students, teachers, and education personnel from kindergarten to senior high school by providing health promotion. Data collection conducted by researchers found a health center with the highest incidence of pulmonary TB in children in Banjarmasin city, there is one elementary school closest to the health center. This study aims to provide health promotion through leaflet media on students' knowledge about the prevention of pulmonary tuberculosis at SDN Sungai Lulut 8 Banjarmasin. This study used quantitative research Pre-experimental method with a one group pretest-posttest approach. The population in this study were 199 people. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a sample size of 67 students. This research instrument uses a questionnaire. The statistical test used is the Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results show that there is a difference between before and after giving promotion.

The focus of this research is the role of human resource management in improving teacher performance in Cibeber District, Cilegon City in terms of implementing management functions in the Independent Learning Curriculum. This research uses a qualitative approach, data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation, data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the research show that the role of Human Resource Management in improving teacher performance in Cibeber District , Cilegon City, namely by planning, organizing, directing and supervising, can be said to be quite good. First, planning by conducting a needs analysis and providing understanding regarding the The Independent Learning Curriculum and learning tools that must be prepared by teachers. Second, organizing by placing and dividing tasks according to abilities and educational background. Third, direction is carried out by providing direction and guidance regarding the tasks and responsibilities given as well as providing motivation in the form of giving awards for teacher performance achievements. Fourth, supervision is carried out by the school principal through class visits and supervisors from the Education Management Unit. The implications of the research results suggest that elementary schools provide training to teacher councils regarding learning media so that the communication and educational interaction process between teachers and students can take place appropriately, try to increase the availability of facilities and infrastructure for the smoothness and success of the learning process, and work together to improve each other. teacher performance, both from school principals, education staff, teaching staff (teachers), and school supervisors within the Education Management Unit and it is hoped that everything that has been achieved can be improved.

This research aims to describe the implementation of literacy culture programs in elementary schools. This research uses a qualitative phenomenological approach. The subjects were school principals, teachers, students selected using purposive sampling techniques. Test the validity of the data using triangulation techniques by comparing the results of observations, interviews and documentation. The research results show that: 1) The policy of implementing a literacy culture in elementary schools using the government's School Literacy Movement program. This is based on Minister of Education and Culture Regulation no. 23 of 2015 which focuses on character development. (2) Implementation of literacy culture in elementary schools. This is based on the habituation stage which involves 10 minutes of reading the Koran and story books before learning. The activity development stage carried out was responding to the contents of reading books by reading independently, giving appreciation to students' literacy achievements, and having a school literacy team. The learning stage involves getting used to reading textbooks and using various strategies that support learning.  

Landslide disasters can cause death and have a major impact on health systems and important services such as water, electricity or communication lines. The positive attitude shown by students is the initial milestone in changing attitudes to support student preparedness behavior. Through a landslide disaster management simulation, students' attitudes become positive and are able to apply self-evacuation techniques when a landslide occurs in accordance with the SOP for landslide disaster management. To determine the effect of providing a landslide disaster management simulation on students' attitudes at Selo Boyolali 1 State Elementary School. Research method: This type of research is pre-experimental design without control group with a one group pretest posttest design. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, a sample of 29 students. Measuring student attitudes uses a student attitude questionnaire sheet consisting of 20 statement items using a Likert scale. Before the research was carried out the average results were 51.21% and after the research the average results were 67.45%, in other words Posttest > Pretest. Then the Wilcoxon test was carried out and the result was that P-Value = 0.001 (P<0.05) Ha was accepted. There is an influence of providing a landslide disaster management simulation on the attitudes of students at the Selo Boyolali 1 State Elementary School

The main problem in this study is how the writing errors in the use of punctuation marks, commas, hyphens, exclamation marks and quotation marks in narrative compositions in Class IV of Manjalling State Elementary School and And aims to find out how the errors in the use of punctuation in students' narrative compositions totaling 12 student narrative compositions. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. The data and data sources in this study are narrative essays of grade IV students of Manjalling Elementary School, Gowa Regency. The instruments used in this study were observation, interviews, and data from students' narrative essays. The results of the study showed that the results of the essays analyzed using descriptive analysis were still found to contain errors in the use of punctuation. This can be seen in the percentage of errors in the use of period punctuation 35.13%, comma punctuation 48.65%, exclamation punctuation 2.70%, hyphen 8.10%, and quotation marks 5.40%. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there are still errors in writing regarding the use of punctuation in students' narrative essays, especially in the use of periods and commas.