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Islamic Religious Education (PAI) plays a crucial role in shaping students' personality and morals, not only by imparting religious knowledge but also by internalizing moral values for everyday life. The rapid development of technology, globalization, and social change presents challenges to moral development, requiring PAI learning to effectively integrate moral values in classroom dynamics. This study aims to examine the integration of moral values in PAI learning and its implications for strengthening character education. Using a qualitative approach with library research, data were gathered from books, journal articles, and previous studies on PAI and moral education. Data collection was through documentation, and content analysis was used to synthesize concepts, theories, and findings. The study finds that moral values in PAI learning are integrated through two approaches: explicit and implicit. Explicit integration involves teaching materials containing moral values, while implicit integration occurs through teacher role models, humanistic interactions, classroom management, and participatory and contextual learning methods. The integration of moral values enhances the meaning of PAI learning and contributes to students' attitudes and behavior. This study highlights that well-designed, value-oriented PAI learning plays a vital role in strengthening character education and continuously fostering students' morals.

The auditor's responsibilities include not only assessing the accuracy of financial statements and detecting fraud, but also evaluating the company's ability to continue its business on an ongoing basis. This responsibility arises from the expectations of shareholders and other stakeholders that auditors provide timely and relevant information about the company's future prospects to support rational and evidence-based investment decision-making. In this context, audit opinions related to business continuity are an important instrument in reducing information asymmetry between management and investors. This study aims to analyze the impact of liquidity, solvency, and audit quality on the issuance of business continuity declarations. The research sample consisted of coal mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2014 and 2017, a period marked by fluctuations in commodity prices and global economic uncertainty. Logistic regression is used as an analysis method because dependent variables are dichotomous. The results showed that audit quality had a significant negative impact on the issuance of business continuity declarations, while liquidity and solvency did not have a significant impact on the issuance of the declarations, indicating that the factors of governance and auditor independence were more decisive than short-term financial conditions.

The problem of household organic waste remains a major challenge in urban areas, including in the North Rejowinangun Village of Magelang City. High population density and limited land use cause the volume of organic waste to continue to increase and impact the condition of the Final Disposal Site (TPA) which is experiencing overcapacity. This community service activity aims to provide a community-based organic waste management solution through the cultivation of Black Soldier Fly (BSF) maggots as a method of organic waste bioconversion. The implementation method is carried out in a participatory manner through the stages of preparation and problem identification, implementation of activities in the form of education and direct practice of BSF maggot cultivation, as well as monitoring and evaluation. The results of the activity show that BSF maggots are able to decompose household organic waste effectively, as indicated by a reduction in waste volume in a relatively short time and a decrease in potential odor. BSF larvae show stable growth with a high level of waste consumption, especially in media with good humidity and management. In addition to the environmental impact, this activity also increases public knowledge and awareness about the importance of organic waste management and opens up opportunities for the development of maggot cultivation as a productive activity with economic value. Thus, BSF maggot cultivation can be an alternative solution for sustainable organic waste management that is easy to implement in the community.

Malnutrition and stunting among children under five remain major public health challenges in developing countries, including Indonesia. These conditions are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, impaired cognitive development, and reduced productivity in adulthood. Stunting reflects chronic nutritional deficiencies, while severe malnutrition indicates acute or prolonged inadequate nutrient intake, often exacerbated by infections, poor caregiving practices, and unfavorable socioeconomic conditions. This case report aims to describe the clinical condition, contributing factors, management, and outcomes of a 14-month-old female toddler diagnosed with severe malnutrition and stunting without complications in Blang Dalam Geuteung Village, Nisam Subdistrict, North Aceh Regency. The assessment was conducted using a family medicine approach, incorporating detailed history taking, physical examination, anthropometric measurements, and nutritional status evaluation based on World Health Organization Z-score indicators. Interventions included nutritional rehabilitation through appropriate dietary intake, family education on balanced nutrition and proper feeding practices, routine growth monitoring, and optimization of primary healthcare services. The results showed gradual improvement in the child’s nutritional status, evidenced by weight gain, better appetite, and improved feeding patterns following the intervention. This case highlights the importance of early detection, comprehensive family-centered management, and continuous monitoring in addressing malnutrition and stunting at the primary care level. Strengthening community-based interventions, improving caregiver knowledge, and enhancing collaboration between healthcare providers and families are essential to reduce the burden of malnutrition and support optimal child growth and development.

Anxiety is a prevalent mental health issue that affects psychological well-being and daily functioning. In Muslim communities, Islamic spiritual practices are commonly used as coping strategies, yet empirical evidence regarding their effectiveness in reducing anxiety has not been systematically consolidated. This study aimed to synthesize scientific evidence on Islamic spiritual interventions for anxiety reduction. A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines by searching Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Elsevier. Observational studies published between 2019 and 2026 that examined Islamic spiritual interventions and reported anxiety outcomes were included and analyzed narratively. Ten eligible articles were identified. The review demonstrates that Islamic spiritual interventions, such as dhikr, prayer, Qur’an recitation, and Islamic spiritual counseling, are consistently associated with reductions in anxiety across diverse populations and settings. Although the magnitude of effects varied, the overall findings indicate a beneficial role of Islamic spiritual practices in anxiety management. These results suggest that Islamic spiritual interventions may be integrated as complementary approaches within mental health and public health services for Muslim populations, while further methodologically rigorous studies are required to strengthen the evidence base.

The computer network management practice at the Sorong City Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) Office aims to improve the technical competence of employees in understanding, operating, and maintaining computer network devices, both hardware and software. This activity was carried out through four stages: observation, socialization, training, and evaluation, with a hands-on approach that emphasized direct participant involvement as the key to competency improvement. The results of the activity showed that employees gained a better understanding of network device configuration, cable management, and the use of network support software, and were able to solve simple technical problems independently. Post-training evaluations showed a significant increase in participants' technical abilities, which had a positive impact on operational efficiency and service quality at the agency. Thus, the hands-on practice supported by intensive mentoring proved effective in developing human resource competencies in the field of computer networks and supporting digital transformation within the Sorong City PUPR environment.

Kawengen Village, located in East Ungaran District, Semarang Regency, is one of the main corn-producing areas with strong potential to be developed into processed products with high economic value. However, limited community knowledge in product processing, business management, and marketing has prevented corn production from generating optimal added value. This community service program aims to strengthen village entrepreneurship through the establishment of a corn production house as a center for innovation, training, and business mentoring. The production house is expected to enhance community skills, promote economic independence, and support sustainable local economic development. The program was implemented through the PPK Ormawa initiative, which included socialization of corn-based product innovations, basic financial bookkeeping training, digital marketing training, product innovation workshops, and continuous mentoring in production, marketing, and financial management. The results demonstrate significant improvements in community skills in processing corn into value-added products, increased understanding of basic business financial management, and enhanced capacity to utilize digital media for market expansion. The corn production house also functions as a community collaboration hub that strengthens business development based on local resources. Overall, the strategy of developing village entrepreneurship through a corn production house has proven effective in encouraging the growth of productive community-based enterprises, strengthening local economic independence, and fostering entrepreneurial interest rooted in village potential.

The Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) program through internship activities provides opportunities for students to be directly involved in the professional world and community service. This study aims to analyze the role of entrepreneurship education and productive business mentoring implemented by KSP CU Bathera Sejahtera Maumere in improving the business capacity of its members. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation during the internship program. The results indicate that entrepreneurship education and productive business mentoring make a positive contribution to enhancing entrepreneurial knowledge, financial management, and business sustainability among cooperative members. Therefore, structured and continuous mentoring programs need to be further developed to strengthen the economic independence of cooperative members.

Financial management plays a crucial role in individual financial planning, particularly in the context of increasingly unstable macroeconomic conditions. Effective financial management behavior enables individuals to allocate resources wisely, manage risks, and achieve financial sustainability in the long term. Therefore, identifying the key factors that influence financial management behavior is essential. This study aims to analyze the effect of income and financial literacy on financial management behavior (FMB). The population of this study consists of teachers and administrative employees aged 24 to 60 years from two educational institutions located in Bandar Lampung and Metro. Using a snowball sampling technique, a total of 93 respondents were obtained. Data were collected through an online survey questionnaire designed to measure income level, financial literacy, and financial management behavior. The collected data were then analyzed using a multiple regression model to test the proposed hypotheses. The results of the analysis indicate that both income and financial literacy have a positive and significant effect on financial management behavior. Individuals with higher income levels tend to demonstrate better financial management practices, while greater financial literacy enhances individuals’ ability to plan, control, and make informed financial decisions. These findings highlight the importance of improving financial literacy and income management skills to strengthen financial management behavior, particularly among educators and educational staff.

This study examines the effect of the Independent Internship Program on the work readiness of students from the Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Boyolali, class of 2022. The high unemployment rate among university graduates indicates a mismatch between academic competencies and labor market demands. This research employed a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation involving students who participated in the internship program. The results indicate that the Independent Internship Program plays an important role in improving students’ work readiness, particularly in terms of work skills, professional attitudes, and self-confidence. However, the effectiveness of the program is highly influenced by the quality of supervision, relevance of internship placement, and active student participation. These findings imply that universities need to strengthen the quality-oriented management of internship programs to better prepare graduates for the labor market.

Emotional intelligence (EI) is an essential competency for early childhood education (ECE) teachers in fostering supportive and emotionally responsive learning environments. However, many ECE teachers in Indonesia have limited access to structured EI training. This community service program aimed to strengthen the emotional intelligence of non-formal ECE teachers from HIMPAUDI Cipayung, East Jakarta, through interactive lectures and reflective practice using Points of You (Flow) cards. The training focused on four EI domains: self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and relationship management. Results showed a substantial improvement in participants’ understanding, with average scores increasing from 30.5 (pre-test) to 90.9 (post-test). Most participants (85%) reported that the training was beneficial and expressed readiness to apply the strategies in classroom practice. Observations also indicated improved teacher confidence in managing children’s emotions and building positive interactions. These findings demonstrate that reflective and experiential EI training effectively enhances ECE teachers’ emotional competencies and supports the creation of a positive social-emotional learning environment.

The development of the service sector in Indonesia requires micro-enterprises to adopt marketing strategies that enhance service quality and strengthen business competitiveness. In the context of service-based businesses, the service marketing approach is considered relevant as it emphasizes the management of service delivery and overall customer experience. This study aims to analyze the implementation of service marketing in Erafftel, a shoe cleaning service business located in Padang City, West Sumatra. The study employs a qualitative approach, with data collected through direct observation of operational activities and in-depth interviews with the business owner to obtain comprehensive information regarding service processes, service marketing strategies, and operational practices. The findings indicate that the services provided by Erafftel reflect the main characteristics of services, namely intangibility, inseparability, variability, and perishability. Furthermore, the service marketing mix consisting of seven elements—product, price, place, promotion, people, process, and physical evidence—has been implemented, although in a relatively simple and not yet fully structured manner. The people and process elements emerge as the most dominant factors influencing perceived service quality, as they are directly related to interactions between service providers and customers, while physical evidence serves as a supporting factor in building customer trust. The implications of this study suggest that strengthening the application of service marketing can contribute to improved service quality, increased customer satisfaction, and the long-term sustainability of micro service enterprises.

This study aims to analyze how work skills and work flexibility affect work productivity through job satisfaction as an intervention variable among Gojek partners in the Malang City area. This study uses a quantitative methodology with a causality design. Using simple random sampling, questionnaires were sent to 120 selected Gojek partners to obtain initial data. A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data. This was done using the SPSS program. The results of the study indicate that work skills and work flexibility positively and significantly affect the productivity of Gojek partners. In addition, job skills and work flexibility also have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is also proven to have a positive and significant effect on work productivity, and also functions as a mediating variable in the relationship between job skills and work flexibility and work productivity. The results show that job satisfaction can increase with job skills and a more flexible work environment. Ultimately, this will have an impact on increasing the productivity of Gojek partners. It is hoped that this research will help digital platform managers create more flexible and sustainable HR management strategies.

Indrokilo Botanical Garden in Boyolali is an environment-based tourism area that serves strategic functions as an ex-situ conservation institution, as well as a center for education, research, and knowledge-based recreation. However, its management still faces challenges in maintaining a balance between tourism development and conservation mandates. This study aims to analyze the role of management performance in promoting ecotourism sustainability at Indrokilo Botanical Garden from environmental, social, and economic perspectives. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through field observations and in-depth interviews with purposely selected informants, including management authorities, field officers, local community members, and visitors. The findings indicate that management performance at Indrokilo Botanical Garden has been relatively effective in daily operational activities, such as site maintenance and visitor services. Nevertheless, limitations remain in long-term strategic planning, human resource capacity development, and the active involvement of local communities as management partners. These constraints have resulted in the suboptimal implementation of conservation and educational functions. The study demonstrates that management performance plays a crucial role in determining ecotourism sustainability by ensuring a balance between environmental protection, social benefits, and economic viability. Therefore, strengthening management performance is essential to support sustainable ecotourism development at Indrokilo Botanical Garden.

Stroke is one of the non-communicable diseases that is the leading cause of disability and death in the world. Clinical factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, body mass index (BMI), and unhealthy lifestyle are known to contribute to the incidence of stroke. Oe-Cusse Referral Hospital serves as the main referral center in the treatment of stroke cases, but data on contributing clinical factors and medical treatment and rehabilitation strategies are still limited. This study aims to analyze the clinical factors that contribute to the incidence of stroke and describe medical treatment and rehabilitation strategies in stroke patients at Oe-Cusse Referral Hospital.This study is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional observational design. The research sample amounted to 50 stroke patients who were treated in the January-November 2025 period, selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected through medical records and questionnaires related to medical treatment and rehabilitation. Data analysis was carried out using the SPSS program, including descriptive analysis and logistic regression to see the relationship between clinical factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, lifestyle, BMI, and other factors) and stroke incidence. The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the average age of stroke patients was 56.2 ± 9.8 years, with an age range of 39–78 years. The average BMI of the patient was 27.5 ± 3.1 kg/m² which indicates a tendency to be overweight. The average systolic blood pressure of the patient was 150 ± 18 mmHg, indicating the predominance of hypertension in stroke patients. The average length of rehabilitation lasted 6.3 ± 1.8 weeks. Logistic regression analysis showed a significant relationship between clinical factors, especially hypertension, BMI, and diabetes mellitus, and stroke incidence. Clinical factors such as hypertension, high BMI, and diabetes mellitus contribute significantly to the incidence of stroke at Oe-Cusse Referral Hospital.

Company value is an important indicator that reflects company performance and investor perceptions of future business prospects and sustainability. Various strategic decisions made by management, such as capital intensity management, investment decisions, and tax aggressiveness policies, play a significant role in shaping company value. This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of capital intensity, investment decisions, and tax aggressiveness on company value through a literature review approach. The method used is a literature review by examining various relevant national and international scientific articles obtained from academic databases such as Google Scholar, Publish or Perish, and SINTA. The results of the study show that capital intensity has a positive effect on company value because it reflects long-term production capacity and operational efficiency. Investment decisions have also been proven to have a positive effect on company value because they signal management's optimism about future growth prospects. Meanwhile, tax aggressiveness can increase company value through tax savings and increased cash flow, but it has the potential to cause reputational and governance risks if done excessively. Overall, the reviewed literature shows that these three variables have an impact on company value, with the caveat that optimal and transparent management is necessary. This study is expected to serve as a reference for further research and as a consideration for company management and investors in making strategic decisions.

Prolactinoma is the most common functional pituitary adenoma, particularly in adolescent females, and is typically characterized by amenorrhea and galactorrhea resulting from hyperprolactinemia. However, in certain cases, serum prolactin levels may appear normal due to the hook effect, an immunoassay measurement error caused by extremely high prolactin concentrations that interfere with antigen–antibody complex formation. We report the case of a 17-year-old female presenting with a five-month history of galactorrhea, accompanied by breast pain, headache, and primary amenorrhea. Brain MRI revealed a pituitary mass measuring 1.4 × 0.8 × 0.5 cm, suspicious for prolactinoma, while serum prolactin was within the normal range (17.33 ng/mL). The discrepancy between clinical manifestations, lesion size, and laboratory findings raised suspicion of the hook effect. The patient was treated with dopamine agonists, bromocriptine and cabergoline, and referred for multidisciplinary management involving endocrinology, neurosurgery, and obstetrics–gynecology. Despite the absence of prolactin dilution testing, MRI findings supported the diagnosis of prolactinoma, and the patient demonstrated a favorable clinical response to therapy. This case highlights the importance of recognizing laboratory variability, performing comprehensive hormonal evaluation, and considering prolactin dilution assays when clinical and laboratory findings are discordant, particularly in adolescent patients with suggestive symptoms.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) requires comprehensive management beyond pharmacological therapy, including sustainable lifestyle-based interventions. Yoga asana, as a form of mind–body intervention, integrates physical postures, breathing techniques, and relaxation practices that may influence metabolic and psychosocial pathways relevant to T2DM. This article aimed to synthesize evidence regarding the physiological mechanisms, clinical effectiveness, and healthcare implementation context of yoga asana in T2DM management, as well as to discuss the role of physicians in integrating this complementary therapy, including within health tourism settings. A narrative literature review was conducted using scientific databases, focusing on publications addressing yoga asana, mind–body interventions, T2DM, and clinical integration. The findings indicate that yoga asana is associated with improved glycemic control, including reductions in fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose, and HbA1c, alongside modulation of stress-related physiological parameters and psychological well-being. Beyond clinical outcomes, yoga asana shows potential for community-based and health tourism contexts as part of chronic disease lifestyle management. Physicians play a central role in clinical assessment, patient education, coordination with complementary therapy providers, and ongoing monitoring to ensure safe, evidence-based integration. Although current evidence suggests consistent beneficial trends, methodological heterogeneity highlights the need for more standardized and mechanistic research.  

This meta-analysis assesses the effectiveness of mobile health (mHealth) applications in trauma management in the Middle East region, based on a systematic review of 47 empirical studies with a total of 12,486 participants published between 2015 and 2024. The quantitative synthesis results indicate that implementing mHealth has a statistically significant impact on improving trauma management, with a strong pooled effect size (g=0.78, 95% CI [0.65, 0.91], p<.001). Subgroup analyses reveal that the highest effectiveness is observed in interventions targeting Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (g=0.86), followed by physical trauma management (g=0.74) and general psychological trauma (g=0.69). Further meta-regression findings identify the duration of application use (β=0.42, p<.001) and the level of intervention personalization (β=0.38, p<.01) as significant moderators influencing the magnitude of intervention effects. From an implementation perspective, user engagement reached 76.4%, and the retention rate was 68.2% after 6 months of use. Clinical outcome analyses demonstrate a significant reduction in PTSD scores with a mean difference of -14.6 points (p<.001) as well as a substantial improvement in quality of life (d=0.82). Comparatively, these findings extend the results of Goreis et al. (2020) and Kayrouz et al. (2018) by delineating more specifically the effectiveness of interventions in Middle Eastern populations. However, they differ from Yeager and Benight (2018) regarding the optimal duration of use. The principal contribution of this study lies in elucidating the central role of cultural adaptation, which shows a strong correlation with the effectiveness of mHealth applications (r=0.56, p<.001) in the context of trauma management in the Middle East.

Dairy goat farming holds significant economic potential as a rural enterprise alternative, driven by increasing market demand for goat milk, which is known for being low-allergen and highly nutritious. This article presents a case study on Okane Mochi Farm, a dairy goat farming unit located in Ngaglik Village, Gebang District, Purworejo Regency. This study aims to analyze the breeding management strategies, product innovation, and economic impacts generated by the farm. The method used is field observation and descriptive study of the farm's operations. Observations indicate that the success of Okane Mochi Farm is driven by three main factors: (1) Innovation in selecting superior breeds such as Anglo Nubian and Sapera for high milk productivity; (2) Implementation of strict housing management and hygiene standards to maintain milk quality; and (3) Product diversification through flavored pasteurized milk processing and the utilization of livestock waste into organic fertilizer (zero waste). The study concludes that the upstream-downstream integration model applied by Okane Mochi Farm can serve as a reference for sustainable rural economic empowerment models.