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This research aims to find a solution to the problem of difficulties in improving language skills in terms of early reading in early childhood in group A1 in Hidayatus Shibyan Surabaya. The research method used in this research is the research and development method or often called Research and Development (R&D). The subjects of this research are students in group A1 of the Hidayatus Shubiyan Kindergarten for the 2023-2024 academic year with a total of 15 students with an average age 4-5 years old, consisting of 9 female students and 6 male students. The results of the research presented data on the differences between the use of Pop Up learning media and increasing initial reading abilities in the A1 group of Kindergarten Hidayatus Shibyan Surabaya. From the table above, the result is tcount = - with a significance level of 0.000. Because the significance level is smaller than 0.05, Ha is accepted, and Ho is rejected. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that "There is an influence of the use of Pop Up learning media on increasing the initial reading ability of children in group A1 of Kindergarten Hidayatus Shibyan Surabaya"

In taking pictures using a camera, for example, it often results in poor image quality. The resulting image quality can be in the form of black and white images. This can interfere with further processing of the image. Specifically, this can happen in the agricultural sector, such as the results of a bad potato leaf image (black and white). In fact, the images of leaves from agricultural land will be used for image processing which can help with the planting process, for example. This is of course very disturbing, so a way is needed to translate a gray scale image into an image that has a color resembling the shape of an actual leaf. In fact, the development of Deep Learning with various models has grown rapidly, one of which is the Conditional GAN which can process image to image translation. Seeing the purpose of the Conditional GAN, this paper implements the Pix2Pix model based on the Conditional GAN which aims to translate black and white images into images that have color. This experiment produces images with colors that match the original image with good quality. So that with the results of this experiment, it is hoped that problems with taking images that are sometimes not good enough can be solved by image translation using deep learning.  

KKN is a form of education by providing learning experiences for students to live in society, directly identifying and dealing with community problems as well as efforts to increase the content and weight of education for students and to obtain greater added value for higher education. Infrastructure is a physical system needed to meet basic human needs in the social and economic spheres. In 2023, one of the villages that will be used as a place or location for Real Work Lectures at Sahid University Surakarta is Sindon Village, Ngemplak, Boyolali. Sindon Village is one of the villages in Ngemplak District, Boyolali Regency, Central Java Province. Sindon Village itself consists of 3 hamlets, namely Sambiroto Hamlet, Brajan Hamlet and Manukan Hamlet. Based on surveys and direct observations carried out in Dukuh Sambiroto, it was found that there was no welcome sign. For this reason, the SGM KKN Team carried out a program to make welcome signs to Sambiroto Hamlet. With the aim of providing benefits as a guide. In its implementation, activities ran smoothly and were on target according to the specified time.  

This research aims to determine the effect of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model on social studies learning outcomes for Class V Elementary School in Gugus Sumberarum, Kapanewon Moyudan, Sleman Regency. This research is pre-experimental research, with a quasi experimental research design. The population in this study consisted of VA and VB classes with 52 students. Sampling used the Simple Random Sampling technique to select the VA class with 20 students as the experimental class and the VB class with 20 students as the control class. The test instrument used is a learning outcomes test. Data is described and analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results of the research show that the value of learning outcomes before implementing the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model based on Tri Nga teachings obtained an average value of 67.6. After implementing the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model based on Tri Nga teachings, the average score rose to 85.35. The results of the significance test obtained a Sig value. (2-tailed), namely 0.00 < 0.05, it can be said that there is a significant difference between the control class and the experimental class, so it can be said that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Based on these results, it can be said that there is a positive influence of the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model based on Tri Nga teachings on social studies learning outcomes in class V elementary school in Gugus Sumberarum

The scientific method is a systematic and structured approach used to gather data, observe natural phenomena, and develop scientific understanding. The scientific method helps students in developing critical thinking skills, problem-solving abilities, and a deep understanding of physics concepts. This article explains how the scientific method can be integrated into physics education to create a learning environment focused on experiments, observations, and data analysis. This method also encourages learners to develop research skills and think creatively. Developing a physics curriculum based on the scientific method can enhance students' interest in science and prepare them to face challenges in our increasingly interconnected and science-based society. This article is based on the results of previous related journal reviews, which provide a research foundation and in-depth information about the role of the scientific method, and it then links it to physics education.    

Online learning offers several advantages, such as lower costs, flexible time, and each participant can adapt to their own learning abilities and developments. With this algorithm, the order of the questions is always different between each participant and when the participant repeats the test. Participants who pass the exam can then take the material to a new level. The purpose of this paper is to design and develop a web-based programming algorithm quiz system and determine the validity of the web-based programming algorithm quiz system. From student observations, facts were found that showed there were obstacles in understanding computer programming problems. Information is obtained by distributing questionnaires to students. From this information, information is obtained that algorithms are the most important programming material. The research results show that the functionality of the media expert assessment programming algorithm quiz system obtained a score of 85.71% for data use, 85% for design, and 85% for functionality. The average data collection was 85.29%. From the research results it can be concluded that the programming algorithm quiz system developed is suitable for use in small corrections.

The research purposed to increase students motivation and used variation of teaching methods teachers in the delivery materials of students. It causes problems faced today, teachers spend too much time in front of classroom without give a chance students to explore new things besides in the class. Another programs is the low critical thinking ability of students which can be seen from the questions and students answer during the learning process. This is accordance with the results shown by Program for International Study Assesment (PISA) in 2015, Indonesia position as one the lowest ranked in quality, Education is ranked 62nd out of 70. Inquiry learning model is one of the way solves this problem. From the facts obtained, the writters tried to provide solutions of these problem is the right to do the development of teaching inquiry learning model. The design of this study using basic research. By using the inquiry learning model, the things obtained is inquiry training requires insvetigative activities, either observation or experiment, which or part of scientific performance. Inquiry involves process skill based on a scientific atittude so that activity can help students to gain a deeper understanding of the environment.

In this research, there were obstacles or problems with students' activities and learning outcomes in less than optimal science content. The reason is due to a lack of skills in gathering information, still using conventional approaches, and one-way learning. The proposed solution is to apply a combination model of PBL, TGT, and Picture and Picture. The purpose of this research was to determine the activities and learning outcomes of grade 5 students at SDN Teluk Tiram 2 Banjarmasin, of which there were 20 students, including 7 boys and 13 girls. This research applies the PTK method and also uses qualitative and quantitative approaches. Qualitative data was obtained from teacher and student observations, while quantitative data came from personal written tests to evaluate student learning outcomes. The research results showed that teacher activity at meeting 4 reached 94% with the criteria "very good". Meanwhile, student activity reached 90% and student learning outcomes had reached the success indicator, namely a score of ≥81. Thus, this combination of models can effectively overcome this problem.

The problem in this study is the low activity and learning outcomes of students in IPS (Social Studies). This happens because the teaching method is only one-way, still using conventional methods, and students tend to be passive. The way to overcome this problem is through the use of Problem Based Learning (PBL), Group Investigation (GI), and Picture And Picture (PAP) models. The research aims to improve student activity and learning outcomes. This research focused on fifth grade students at SDN Teluk Tiram 2 Banjarmasin, which numbered 20 people, in the form of 12 boys and 8 girls. This research method applies a qualitative approach that uses the type of Classroom Action Research (CAR). Qualitative data were obtained from observations of educator and student activities, while quantitative data were obtained from individual written test results. The results of this study show that at the fourth meeting, the teacher's activity obtained a score of 26, rated as "Very Good". Student activity reached 100%, and learning outcomes met the success indicator (>81). In conclusion, PBL, GI, and PAP methods can make learning activities and results increase.

Learning innovation is something that is important and must be owned by teachers. The teacher's willingness to try, discover, explore and search for various learning approaches, methods and strategies is one of the supports for the emergence of various new innovations. Social studies as a subject at elementary school level is essentially a complete integration of social science disciplines and other relevant scientific disciplines to realize educational goals at school level. From the results of teacher observations, several problems were found in social studies learning, including: (1) in the teaching process teachers only use lecture and question and answer methods so that students tend to get bored because they find learning less interesting; (2) the learning that takes place is always teacher-centered so that student involvement is less active; (3) students' understanding and memory are still minimal. To overcome problems in learning in class VI, learning is implemented at SD Negeri Temon using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) method regarding Economic Activities in ASEAN Countries. The choice of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) method in the learning process is adjusted to the basic competencies in social studies learning. The teacher gives a number of trigger problems, then students continuously develop their knowledge in groups and individually.

The background of this research is that the model used by the teacher is not appropriate with the learning needs of students at MTsS Yati Kamang Mudik, the level of critical thinking of students seems less active in expressing opinions, not giving many suggestions or questions, not being able to explain problems, with the influence of the social environment. This research is a quantitative study. The research design used is Quasi-Experimental. The sample for this study was class VII students at MTsS Yati Kamang Mudik with a sample size of 40 students. The research samples were class VII-1 experimental using the Contextual Teaching and Learning model and class VII-2 control using the conventional model. Data analysis techniques used the Normality Test with the Kolmogorov Smirnov formula, and homogeneity test with Fisher's test followed by hypothesis testing with Independent t-test. The results of the study show that based on the results of data processing it can be concluded that there is a significant influence on the use of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model as these results prove that the value of the experimental class Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.001. While the research alpha = 5% or 0.05. That is, the value of Sig. (2-tailed) is greater than the alpha value (0.001 <0.05) so that there is an influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on students' critical thinking skills in the Akidah Akhlak lesson at MTsSYati kamang Mudik in class VII.

The problem that occurs in this study is the low learning outcomes caused by a lack of teachers in using models and media in learning. Alternatives to solving these problems are using the Problem Based Learning model, Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education, and Number Head Together. The research objective is to describe the activities of educators, students, and to analyze learning outcomes. The approach used in this discovery is a qualitative approach with the type of PTK, which is carried out in 2 cycles consisting of three meetings. The subjects of this study were 18 grade VI students at SDN Kelayan Selatan 10. Qualitative data obtained through observing the activities of educators and students. While quantitative data through measurement techniques with individual written tests. Data analysis in this finding uses descriptive analysis techniques and cross-tabulations translated into tables, graphs and interpretations with percentages. The results of these findings show that educator activities get a score of 24 in the "very good" category. experienced an increase from a score of 30 to 36 in the "Very Good" category. Classical student activities reached 100% in the "very active" category. As well as student learning outcomes have achieved 100% completeness classically and individually. Based on these findings it can be concluded that using the PBL, PMRI, and NHT models can increase learning activities and outcomes.

The purpose of this research is to measure the performance of 12th grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Ciruas in the subject of biodiversity and to assess the 12th grade students ability to solve problems through environmentally based learning activities. The research procedure involves using pre-tests and post-tests. The pre-test is used to determine the students initial abilities. The post-test is conducted to assess the students problem solving abilities after learning through Problem Based Learning using Student Discussion Sheets (LKPD). Student performance data, obtained from answering Student Discussion Sheets (LKPD), is analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. Scores obtained from all assessed aspects are then converted to determine the groups assessment criteria. The problem solving abilities of 12th grade students at SMA Negeri Ciruas fall into the "Good" category, and there is an improvement in scores between the pre-test and post-test evaluations.    

The importance of this research is that there are important things that must be considered in this research, namely, in order to achieve the expected educational goals, quality and effective learning is needed. Based on the background that has been described, the author formulates the problem as follows: 1. What are the values ​​of character education in PPKn learning to develop critical reasoning in class VIII-E students at SMPN 17 Malang, 2. What are the obstacles in implementing PPKn learning? to develop critical reasoning in class VIII-E students at SMPN 17 Malang,3. How to implement character education in PPKn learning to develop critical reasoning in class VIII-E students at SMPN 17 Malang. The aim of this research is to find out school policies regarding the implementation of character education in PPKn learning to develop critical reasoning at SMPN 17 Malang. This research uses descriptive qualitative. The data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation, data analysis techniques use triangulation to obtain the validity of the data, while the data analysis used in the research is reduction, display and verification.

The first step in the problem-based learning model is to expose pupils to actual or simulated challenges. When presented with this topic, students will understand that in order to solve it, they will need to apply critical thinking techniques, take a methodical approach, and integrate data from several scientific disciplines. Through student observations in the school environment, particularly the school garden, this experimental study seeks to ascertain the impact of the problem-based learning model (PBM) on student learning outcomes in ecosystem content in class X SMA Negeri 2 Tondano. A pretest-posttest control group design was employed in the study procedure. Sixty people were randomly selected from each of the two courses; the experimental class was treated using a problem-based learning model, while the control class was treated using a traditional learning model. Tests with objectives are employed as tools. Testing the normalcy and homogeneity tests—two criteria for data analysis—comes first and is followed by hypothesis testing. The study's findings revealed that the experimental class's average learning outcome was 98.16, while the control class's average learning outcome was 81.63. As a result, student learning outcomes can be enhanced by the problem-based learning model (PBM).  

Education has a very strategic role in improving the quality of human resources in an effort to realize the ideals of the Indonesian nation to realize shared prosperity and create a smarter life in national life. The success or failure of achieving educational goals really depends on how student learning is experienced at the educational level at school. This research uses a quantitative approach which can be interpreted as research based on positivistic philosophy which is used for research on certain populations and samples. The type of research used is quasi-experimental or quasi-experimental, which is a design that has a control group, so it cannot function fully to control external variables that influence the implementation of the experiment. Research on Civics Teachers for class IX students at SMP Negeri 27 Medan, using Project Based Learning can improve students' social skills, because students are given the time and opportunity to investigate, search, find and solve their own problems with the material they are studying, so that students can understand the basic concepts and increase learning experiences. Based on the objectives above, it can be concluded by the author that the aim of the citizenship project is to help students understand the rights and obligations of citizenship and be responsible for citizenship, develop citizenship skills, increase student activity and creativity. Because basically this learning model focuses on students in developing problem solving in order to improve the competencies possessed by students

This community service activity is based on an understanding of the importance of religious education and the formation of a Qur'anic generation from an early age. Reading and memorizing the Qur'an is an effective method to ensure that the younger generation has a strong understanding and deep connection with the holy book of Islam. In addition, it also helps to form individuals who are committed to religious teachings and have good morality This activity was conducted in several stages, namely the preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages. The preparation stage included observations and interviews to identify the problems faced. The results of the observation showed that the management of Markaz Talaqqi Al Athfal had difficulty in encouraging the interest and participation of children in Pasar I, Jl. Setia Budi, Tj. Sari, Kec. Medan Selayang, Medan City, North Sumatra to read the Qur'an. To overcome this challenge, efforts were made to increase the interest and participation of children in the Markaz Talaqqi Al Athfal, totaling 22 people. This was realized through the implementation of outbound activities and giving rewards to children, with the aim of increasing their enthusiasm in learning the Qur'an. Evaluation was carried out after the activity was completed, and the results showed that the children at Markaz Talaqqi Al Athfal were very enthusiastic in participating in each activity. This enthusiasm can be seen from the participation and interest in learning the Quran which is increasing day by day. The children's parents also feel helped and happy to see the children's participation in the activities.

The problem raised in this study is the low activity and student learning outcomes. Effort to overcome this problem is to apply learning with a combination of Problem Based Learning, Simultaneous Roundtable, and Course Review Horay models. The aim of the research is to describe teacher activities, analyze student activities, and student learning outcomes. The study used classroom action research which was carried out in 4 meetings. The subjects of this research were fourth grade students at SDN Antasan Kecil Timur 3 Banjarmasin, with 24 students consisting of 12 male students and 12 female students in the 2022/2023 school year. This research uses a qualitative approach. The results showed that teacher activitie scored 97 in the very good category. Student activities get a score 96 with very active category. Cognitive learning outcomes achieve 96% completeness and affective and psychomotor learning outcomes achieve 100% completeness.

The school environment is the second major educational environment after family. Students, administrator teachers, counselors live together and carry out the educational process in an organized and planned manner. The problem examined in this study is how the influence of the environment situation of Pasundan 3 Cimahi Middle School on student learning outcomes in Islamic Religious Education subjects. The location in this study is Pasundan 3 Cimahi Middle School. The purpose of this study is to find out how much influence the school environment has on learning outcomes in Islamic Religious Education subjects. The sample in this study were 33 students from all students with details of 11 students from class VII, 11 students from class VIII and 11 students from class IX. To obtain valid data, researchers used data collection tools such as questionnaires, documentation and observation. As for data analysis, researchers used quantitative methods using statistical formulas namely Mean (average), Standard Deviation (SD), TSR, then product moment correlation and coefficient of determination. Based on the results of hypothesis testing that the school environment can influence student learning outcomes. This can be seen from the value of "r" of 0.539 with a significance level of 0.355 (5%) and 0.456 (1%). Thus the "r" count 0.539 is greater than the "r" table both at the significance of 5% and 1%. Then the calculation of the coefficient of determination obtained R2 0.290. Meaning 29% student learning outcomes are influenced by the school environment. So the alternative hypothesis Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. This means that there is a significant influence between the school environment on student learning outcomes in Islamic Religious Education subjects at SMP Pasundan 3 Cimahi.

Algorithms are steps that are arranged logically and systematically to solve a problem. In the world of simple programming, the algorithm is the initial stage and is written before the program is written. One of the problems that can be solved with computer programming is problems that involve mathematical calculations. This research aims to develop understanding of algorithms and develop programming skills, especially for beginners. The method used in this research is the literature study or literature review method, namely analyzing several studies related to the topic discussed, especially introducing the basic concepts of programming algorithms, characteristics of programming algorithms, grouping programming languages ​​based on level and algorithm notation, which are some of the basic things that are mandatory. known by everyone who wants to create a program. This understanding will be very helpful in the development of more complex programming projects. Therefore, learning basic programming algorithms is very crucial or important for anyone who wants to start in the world of programming.