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A justice collaborator are suspect, defendants or convicts but work together with law enforcement officials to provide information in uncovering criminal acts that have occurred. The aim of the research is to analyze the legal protection of justice collaborators in terms of Law 31/2014. This study uses normative legal research methods with qualitative data. The results of the study show that (1) Legal protection for justice collaborators in terms of Law Number 31 of 2014 explained in article 5 that law enforcement officials have the obligation to provide protection and assistance to justice collaborator from legal entities so that they feel safe from threats which will come. (2) Legal protection for justice collaborators in terms of five basic principles or commonly called Maqashid Asy-Syariah which can be concluded that Islam highly upholds the protection of human rights, which in this case is legal protection for justice collaborators who have important services in helping officials Law enforcers uncover a crime.

Given the wage disparity and perceived injustice experienced by both permanent and contract workers, it is necessary to conduct a study on legal protection regarding wages for the well-being of laborers. Therefore, this research aims to examine the role of labor protection policies, including social security for workers, fair wages, and the protection of labor rights, in promoting labor welfare. This study utilizes a qualitative method, which involves describing data and organizing it into various sentences. Additionally, a descriptive method is employed, where data is derived from words, sentences, images, and information from various books, journals, and other scholarly works that serve as references for labor protection and worker well-being. The findings of the discussion indicate that labor protection in the form of social security, fair wages, and labor rights plays a significant role in improving labor welfare.

Law is a rule for humans, so the implementation of the law must be carried out to provide benefits, usefulness for the community in society. People who get good and right treatment will create a peaceful state of affairs. The law can protect the rights and obligations of each individual which are solid and manifest in general. There are three objectives of law, namely justice, benefit and legal certainty. Justice is the main thing of the three things, but it does not mean that the other two elements can be simply ignored. Good law is law that is able to synergize these three elements for the welfare and prosperity of society. The research method used by the author is Normative Juridical, with data collection tools through library research. The results of the research show that legal certainty is a guarantee that the law is enforced, that those entitled according to law can obtain their rights and that decisions can be implemented. Legal certainty is a justifiable protection against arbitrary actions which means that someone will be able to get something that is expected in certain circumstances.

Franchise growth in Indonesia shows an increase with the growth and development of the franchise local. The essence of the franchise concept that has a selling point lies in the rights Intellectual Property of a franchise, as a special right owned by individuals or business entities against business systems with business characteristics in order to market goods and/or services that have been proven successful and can be exploited and/or used by other parties. For that protection of Intellectual Property Rights in the agreement franchise, is very important. The franchise business concept has become one of the centers of attention which gave a new breakthrough in the dynamics of the Indonesian economy, especially as a form of business development, considering Franchising is a business that has proven its success. So much effort which was then franchised. This research is a research that uses library research, so the data is required in the form of bibliographical data in the form of legal material.

The author's reason for raising this issue into a scientific work in the form of a thesis is because there are differences of opinion among judges at the Padang Panjang Religious Court regarding the itsbat of marriage for underage marriages in determining number 4/Pdt.P/2022/PA.PP which is the woman's party. when he got married he was 16 years old. First, the marriage certificate must be rejected because it has violated the law on marriage registration and the minimum age for marriage is 19 years. Second, the itsbat of marriage can be accepted on the grounds that it is mashlahah murslahah. How does the mashlahah mursalah analysis of this determination be explored by the author in this study. The author gives limitations on the problem regarding the legal considerations of the Panel of Judges regarding Determination Number 4/Pdt.P/2022/PA.PP and the analysis of mashlahah mursalah in determining number 4/Pdt.P/2022/PA.PP regarding itsbat marriage for underage marriages. This research is an analytical descriptive research by conducting an analysis of the determination of judges in the case of itsbat marriage for underage marriages, the research uses a normative juridical research type. This is because this legal research aims to examine legal principles, using qualitative data, namely data presented in the form of verbal words, not in the form of numbers. Primary data sources were obtained from Decree Number 4/Pdt.P/2022/PA.PP, Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning marriage and the Compilation of Islamic Law. In collecting data, it is done by taking inventory of data, classifying data, and then analyzing it by conducting a study of cases related to the issues faced in the determination of number 4/Pdt.P/2022/PA.PP and the laws and regulations using maslahah mursalah to then draw conclusions from the results of the analysis. From the results of the research that the authors conducted, it was found that: First, the basis for the legal considerations of the Panel of Judges in granting the application for itsbat marriage for underage marriages contained in the stipulation Number 4/Pdt.P/2022/PA.PP is Article 8 Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning the prohibition of marriage between two people who are related by blood, are related to semenda and are related to breastfeeding. Article 14 KHI regarding the pillars of marriage, namely the existence of a prospective husband, prospective wife, marriage guardian, two witnesses and consent and qabul. And for the benefit of the parties and the child, this is also in accordance with the rules of fiqh which reads "rejecting adversity must take precedence over taking benefit". Second, the legal considerations of the panel of judges in determining Number 4/Pdt.P/2022/PA.PP found mashlahah mursalah because by granting the itsbat of marriage for underage marriages, the couple can register their marriage at the Office of Religious Affairs because marriage registration aims to realize The purpose of law is for society to create order, certainty and legal protection, so that the civil rights of husbands, wives and children can be fulfilled.

The fastest growing financial sector is investment activity. The investment business is certainly included in the scope of supervision by the Financial Services Authority. But in practice, many people carry out their rotten ideas for personal gain which can harm many parties who invest in these people or individuals. The rise of fraudulent investments is certainly part of the responsibility and supervision carried out by the Financial Services Authority. This research is qualitative research using the literature study approach method, the data collection refers to previous research, books, newspapers, documents, and other reading sources. This research focuses on discussing the role of the OJK in preventing and eradicating illegal/bodong/fictitious investments. In an effort to regulate and prevent fraudulent investment practices, the actions launched by OJK are conducting socialization and counseling to the public, providing investment entity establishment licenses only to those who meet the criteria, providing consumer complaint services, forming a fraudulent investment alert task force, issuing regulations and forming capital market protection institutions. The obstacles in efforts to eradicate fraudulent investment are in the form of difficulties in establishing communication between institutions, there is a barrier between OJK and Bank Indonesia as the highest supervision of the financial and banking sectors in Indonesia, this is due to the distance and long transition from OJK to Bank Indonesia.

Information security analysis of PT. Indofood is a case study that discusses the role of vital objects, file security, and cyber security in the company. PT. Indofood is a large company in the food and beverage industry, which faces significant information security challenges. In terms of vital objects, PT. Indofood identifies critical systems and infrastructure that must be strictly protected. A risk evaluation may have been carried out to identify potential threats and take appropriate steps to protect these vital objects. Access controls, physical safeguards, and security training may have been put in place to keep vital objects safe. File security is an important focus for PT. Indofood. Security measures implemented include access control, data encryption, regular backup and restore, and monitoring of file activity. Strict access control policies and security awareness training provide additional protection for critical company files. In cyber security, PT. Indofood uses various measures to protect their systems and networks from cyberthreats. Implementation of firewalls, network protection systems, and regular software updates helps prevent unauthorized access and keeps systems secure. Email security solutions, identity and access management, and data encryption provide an additional layer of protection against cyberattacks. High security awareness and security awareness training provided to employees helps reduce attack risk and improve response to security incidents. PT. Indofood also conducts periodic security tests to identify vulnerabilities in their systems and take necessary remedial actions. Overall, PT. Indofood has implemented strong measures in securing vital objects, file security, and cyber security. However, it is important to remember that information security is an ongoing endeavor that must be continuously updated according to the latest developments in security and technological threats.

In this era of very rapid growth of information systems, the security of information is something that must be considered, because if information can be accessed by unauthorized or irresponsible people, then the accuracy of the information will be doubted, it will even become information that is healed. Basically a secure system will protect the data in it such as user assistance (user identification), user authentication (user authentication), user authorization (user authorization). Several possible attacks (Hacking) that can be carried out, such as Intrusion, denial of services, joyrider, vandals, piracy, sniffing, spoofing and others. There are many kinds of threats to information systems, including: data theft, illegal use of systems, illegal data destruction, illegal data modification, system failures, human error (HR-human resources), natural disasters. The purpose of information security is prevent threats to the system and detect and repair damage that occurs to the system.

PT. Sejin Lestari Furniture is a company engaged in the production of furniture such as doors, tables, chairs, cabinets, bookcases and other interior equipment. As one of the companies that have succeeded in producing finished goods in large quantities, PT. Sejin Lestari Furniture relies on the help of an electric motor at every stage of its production, including one of the wood pellet production machines, namely the biofuel pelletizer molding machine which has four different types of motors. In order to work optimally, electric motors need a protection system that can protect them from threats. In this study, the protection system used is Thermal Overload Relay (TOR) which functions as an overload controller so that the electric motor is not easily burned or damaged. In this case, the TOR must be adjusted according to the capacity of each induction motor so that when an overload occurs, the TOR will automatically cut off the current flowing in the motor so that damage can be avoided. The TOR trip standards in this study uses the NEMA (National Electrical Manufactures Association) standard with the method used, namely Research and Development (R&D) where this method is carried out to produce certain products and test the effectiveness of these products. The data collection was obtained through journals and books.

Information security and asset protection have become top priorities in the banking industry today. Bank JABAR (Jawa Barat), as one of the leading banks in the region, also recognizes the importance of effective security management. The objective of this research is to examine the implementation of vital objects, file security, and cyber security at Bank JABAR. This research uses a descriptive analysis method by studying the policies and practices implemented by Bank JABAR in information security. Data collection techniques include documentation study and interviews that cover security policies, guidelines, and procedures at Bank JABAR.  The results of this research indicate that Bank JABAR has implemented vital objects by identifying critical assets or information and giving them appropriate protection priority. File security is implemented through strict access policies, data encryption, regular data backup and recovery, as well as secure data disposal. Cyber security is carried out through firewall policies, intrusion detection systems, continuous network monitoring, and regular system security updates. In conclusion, Bank JABAR has taken important steps in the implementation of vital objects, file security, and cyber security. However, there is a need for ongoing efforts to enhance security awareness, involve more intensive training, and adopt a proactive approach to information security.

The development of digital technology has had a significant impact on the use of demand deposits in the trading business. This discussion aims to analyze the effect of the application of digital technology on the use of demand deposits in the retail industry. Several retail companies are still facing challenges related to technological infrastructure and the availability of reliable internet access. In order to optimize the use of demand deposits in the trading business with the adoption of digital technology, retail companies need to involve employees in training and developing technology skills. Attention to data protection and customer privacy is also required and the development of strategies to promote consumer acceptance of digital payment methods.    

The aims of this research are 1.  to find out environmental management policies in Indonesia in general; 2.  know the environmental management policies in Tulungagung Regency; 3. knowing environmental problems in Tulungagung Regency; and 4.  knowing the role of the community in maintaining, protecting, and preserving the environment. This study uses a qualitative approach to content analysis, using the literature study method. Sources of data used, namely articles, journals, research reports, and other sources that have a good reputation. The results of this study indicate that environmental problems in Tulungagung Regency are increasing pollution and increasing the volume of waste. Apart from referring to Law Number 32 of 2009, the local government also has a regional regulation, namely the Tulungagung Regency Regional Regulation Number 14 of 2018 concerning Environmental Protection and Management. The Tulungagung Regency environmental management strategy focuses on environmental functions, especially controlling environmental impacts by preventing, restoring environmental damage and pollution in the framework of achieving environmental goals of sustainable and environmentally sound regional development.

With the increasing use of information technology in various fields, including e-commerce, ensuring user data and privacy protection is crucial for companies like Tokopedia, one of the largest e-commerce companies in Indonesia. This research aims to identify Tokopedia's security management system and its challenges in protecting user data and privacy. The study utilizes a literature review methodology, analyzing various documents, books, and journals related to Tokopedia's security management system. The research objectives are to understand the system's effectiveness, challenges, and Tokopedia's efforts to improve data and privacy protection. Tokopedia has prioritized information security since its establishment, implementing tight security measures, and continuously improving them. Tokopedia Shield, a security feature introduced in 2015, has significantly reduced fraud risk in the platform. Additionally, the company has taken several steps to secure user data, such as data encryption, access restriction, and password quality enhancement. Tokopedia continuously develops its security system, incorporating the latest technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Big Data Analytics to detect potential threats early and improve the security system's responsiveness.  

This increase is very important for a country, especially for a developing country like Indonesia. Along with continuous improvement, progress is characterized as a conscious effort by the state. One of the things that is very important in the progress of a nation is its workers, that in the rapid progress of a country, it is the workers who start. That departing from this, the government is an important part in winning progress in the business sector as well as for the national development program which must be endeavored to open up as many jobs as possible from various layers of trade that are able to balance the increase in quality and increase in security for the workforce which can become a must. Whereas Article 27 Paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia states that "Every citizen has the right to work and a life worthy of humanity". This research is descriptive in nature which aims to collect data as thoroughly as possible that can accurately describe the legal protection of casual daily workers. The type of research used by the authors uses the type of empirical normative legal research. With library and field research data collection techniques. Problems that arise in the use of legal guarantees for precarious workers/laborers are the factors contained in the components of labor instructions, the labor economy as a result of not partnering with trade unions, and based on variables from employers/companies that have not been maximized in implementing legal security in understanding of the labor inspection in force in Indonesia and elements from the government's point of view that are lacking in providing outreach, supervision and firm action against companies that are naughty in running their business which can harm casual daily workers.

In Article 80 of the Law on Environmental Protection and Management, it has been regulated regarding government coercive administrative sanctions aimed at stopping violations and taking action to restore environmental functions.  According to Law no.  32 of 2009 regarding the protection and management of the environment which is already stated in Article 1 paragraph (14) which states that environmental pollution is the entry or inclusion of living things.  The data analysis method used is qualitative with research results based on certain statutory norms related to environmental protection and management.  In Indonesia there have been several cases that are quite detrimental and endanger the region itself.  To protect the area from these things, the government also issued an Environmental Protection and Management Act aimed at protecting and preventing the environment from environmental crimes from irresponsible actors as well as informing or guiding local communities and entrepreneurs to protect their environment.  Fine criminal sanctions are carried out to overcome and restore the environment, and pay compensation to the government as an environmental supervisor.  The principle of ultimum remedium is applied here, namely criminal sanctions that are given after administrative sanctions have been given once to the perpetrators of crimes in the form of imprisonment and also fines.  Imprisonment sanctions as an ultimatum remedium support the enforcement of norms and strengthen administrative sanctions if they are not implemented optimally.

This study aims to determine legal protection for online game users over the lootboox monetization system in a positive legal perspective in Indonesia, based on the title raised in this study. This research uses the type of normative juridical research. The process of collecting data from the objects studied in this study is using primary, secondary, and tertiary techniques. The data obtained by this research uses a qualitative method which explains the relationship between variables and generalizes the social phenomena studied.  The results of this study indicate that several formulations of laws and regulations that can help stabilize and defend rights and obligations from a civil perspective regarding the issue of the Lootboox Monetization System as well as in the case of the Lootboox Monetization System are inseparable from legal consequences and forms of accountability from parties who violate a law. agreement and also there are several suggestions about how the Lootboox Monetization System should be run nowadays.

Child-worthy cities are the first terms introduced by the ministry of women's empowerment state in 2005 through a suitable city policy for children. In policy, it explains that the kla is the district/city government's effort to accelerate the implementation of the convention on the rights of the child (CRC) from legal frameworks in definitions, development and interventions, such as appropriate policies, institutions, and programs for children. Kla is kabupten/city has a child-based development system through integration of commitments and government resources, business communities and comprehensive policies planned and sustainable, programs and activities to fulfill the child's rights. On the kla administration, the kampar district also involves local government agencies and communities. The study USES qualitative methods, the data-gathering techniques used in this research interviews, observation, and documentation. As for the subject of the informant, who has been selected using this type of information, the research of 11 informals. that is, the kasubag child protection, the children's forum, the kampar children's ambassador, 4 parents, 2 school students, 3 teachers.

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing legal protection for consumers for skincare products without a marketing authorization that are sold online. This study uses normative juridical research methods, namely using data collection techniques through library research or using secondary data. Among them are official documents, books, research results, in the form of reports. In this study, it was concluded that consumers who have experienced losses as a result of skincare products without marketing authorization can take legal action through the courts or outside the courts. However, this legal protection is still underutilized by consumers in the event of a problem, so that the UUPK becomes less effective, because compensation is given within seven days after the transaction. If this provision is maintained, it will be difficult for consumers who experience losses to obtain protection. This is because the negative effects of using skincare can occur after seven days.

Rule point 3 of the UUPA states that the use and exploitation of agrarian lands, especially the management of ulayat land, is carried out by customary leaders (Kepala Adat) and the utilization is intended for both members of the customary law community concerned and people who are not part of the customary or local law community. Every citizen has the right to obtain legal remedies as well as remedies for violations of rights they have suffered as well as a fair legal settlement. In this case, the state has an obligation to ensure the fulfillment of these rights. Based on access to justice which is a constitutional guarantee of human rights. Likewise in the explanation of Law no. 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights Article 6 Paragraph (1) states that customary rights which are actually still valid and upheld within the customary law community must be respected and protected in the context of protecting and enforcing human rights in the community concerned by taking into account the law and regulations. laws and regulations. The approach method used in the preparation of this thesis is normative juridical research (normative legal research method). The normative juridical research method is a legal research library conducted by examining library materials or secondary data. By using the deductive method of thinking (a way of thinking in drawing conclusions from something general that has been proven true and that conclusion is aimed at something specific). Based on the analysis that the author conducted regarding the Recognition of Ulayat Rights in the Republic of Indonesia, the district/city government is the first line to provide recognition and protection of customary rights over customary law community lands. Regional autonomy, which forms local governments that are close to the people, is expected to increase legal recognition and protection of the customary rights of customary law communities which are often neglected in state life.   Key Word: Oil Palm, Law Protection, Customary Land.

The background of this thesis is that it starts from the rapid growth of information technology-based lending service providers, apparently not balanced with adequate education to the public, causing various effects / risks that arise from the many kinds of online loans and there are still many unregistered or illegal organizing companies found as well as the potential for leaking user personal data that can be misused by the organizing company or another party One of the platforms is the Smart Credit App.   The problems that the author raises in this study are How to Arrange Online Loans on the Smart Credit Application, How are the Losses arising from online borrowing of the Smart Credit Application and How is the Responsibility of the Smart Credit Application for Losses from Customers. The research method used by the author in answering problems is Normative Juridical Research where the author tries to examine problems with existing legal rules and uses the literature study method in collecting existing legal materials. The conclusion of this thesis research is that Online Loans through the Smart “Credit Application in the people of Semarang City are regulated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code which in essence stipulates thatagreements made online must still meet the legal requirements of an agreement. The implementation is regulated in POJK regulation 77/2016 concerning Technology-based Loan Services. Customer protection in online loan agreements can be found in the Consumer Protection Law in article 7 which regulates the Obligations of Business Actors, then Article 8 which regulates things that are prohibited from being done by Business Actors, and Article 18 which regulates the provisions of matters related to the Standard Clause. ITE Law, where in Article 11 and Article 17 of the ITE Law regulates matters related to the validity of electronic agreements, OJK Regulation Number 77 / POJK / 2016 concerning Services of a Loan in the form of Money Based on Information Technology which is regulated through article 18 concerning the Form and Structure of online loan agreements. The disadvantage that often arises from the Smart Credit Application is the dissemination of personal data carried out by the Smart Credit Application because the Debtor does not make payments on time, so the debt Collector uses techniques to use the dissemination of personal data to pressure the Debtor to immediately make payments, Juridical Responsibility The Kredit Pintar application for actions committed for defamation can be held civil liability through a Tort Lawsuit as stipulated in article” 1365 of the Civil Code filed by Customers who feel aggrieved because their identity is used in the misuse of personal data.   Keywords : Online Loans, Smart Credit Applications.