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The health of pregnant and breastfeeding women is a crucial determinant of the quality of future generations, particularly during the first 1,000 days of life. However, nutritional problems, such as deficiencies in iron, protein, and essential vitamins, remain prevalent in many regions, especially in rural areas. These conditions may increase the risk of anemia, impaired fetal growth, and reduced maternal and child health outcomes. This community service program aimed to improve the nutritional status as well as the knowledge and awareness of pregnant and breastfeeding women regarding the importance of balanced nutrition in Sukorejo Village, Bojonegoro Regency. The program was implemented through the provision of free balanced nutritious meals tailored to the nutritional needs of pregnant and breastfeeding women, accompanied by health education activities, including counseling sessions and interactive discussions on healthy dietary patterns, food hygiene, and anemia prevention. Program evaluation was conducted through participatory observation and participant feedback. The results indicated an improvement in participants’ understanding of balanced nutrition and positive behavioral changes in daily food selection and consumption. This community service initiative is expected to serve as a sustainable model for improving maternal and child health and preventing nutritional problems at the village level.

This study aims to analyze the influence of leadership and human resource quality on work productivity in the Human Resources Division of PT Pembangunan Perumahan (PP) Tbk. The research uses a quantitative associative approach with a census method applied to the entire population of 60 employees in the HR Division. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using simple and multiple linear regression with SPSS 24.0. The results show that leadership has a positive and significant effect on work productivity (regression coefficient = 0.975; determination = 95.1%). Human resource quality also has a positive and significant effect (regression coefficient = 0.978; determination = 95.6%). Together, both variables influence work productivity with a determination coefficient of 96.8%. Leadership and human resource quality are critical factors in improving work productivity. Organizations are advised to develop participatory leadership styles and sustainable competency development programs.

Emotional intelligence (EQ) and spirituality (SQ) are two important aspects in shaping an individual's psychological balance. The study conducted a systematic review of 20 scientific articles to explore the relationship between the two in various contexts, such as education, organization, and health. The results of the study show that EQ and SQ are not only significantly interconnected, but also play a joint role in improving emotional regulation, resilience, and meaning of life. These findings confirm the importance of a holistic approach to self-development that integrates emotional and spiritual dimensions to achieve wholesome well-being. Further, empirical evidence indicates that individuals with high EQ and SQ tend to have better interpersonal skills, stronger adaptability, as well as lower levels of stress. The integration of these two constructs is also relevant for the design of positive psychology-based interventions and character education, as it can strengthen self-awareness, empathy, and value orientation. Thus, simultaneously strengthening EQ and SQ has the potential to be an effective strategy in improving quality of life and mental health across settings.

Service quality is a crucial factor in improving public trust and satisfaction toward village economic institutions, including village cooperatives. The Merah Putih Village Cooperative in Mulya Sari Village still faces several service-related challenges, such as limited understanding of service excellence principles among employees, unstandardized service procedures, and inadequate communication and administrative skills. This study aims to improve employee service quality through service excellence training to enhance professionalism and service effectiveness at the cooperative. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach involving observation, interviews, training sessions, service simulations, and direct field assistance. The training focused on service excellence concepts, service ethics, effective communication, implementation of standard operating procedures (SOPs), and administrative management. The results indicate an improvement in employees’ understanding and behavior, reflected in more polite, responsive, and professional service delivery to cooperative members. In addition, administrative management became more organized, contributing to faster and more efficient services. This activity demonstrates that service quality training has a positive impact on improving cooperative service performance. The implications of this study suggest that continuous service training can foster a sustainable service-oriented culture and enhance member satisfaction, thereby strengthening the institutional capacity of village cooperatives

This study aims to analyze consumer purchasing behavior on e-commerce platforms using the Decision Tree algorithm as an easily interpretable classification method. The dataset used consists of 12,330 transaction records with 18 attributes representing visitor characteristics and user activities during interactions with the e-commerce platform. The research stages include data exploration to identify initial patterns, data preprocessing to handle missing values and class imbalance, splitting the data into training and testing sets, training the Decision Tree model, evaluating model performance, and visualizing the tree structure to analyze decision rules.The test results show that the Decision Tree model with a maximum depth of 3 achieves fairly good performance, with an average accuracy of 89.78%, precision of 69.82%, recall of 59.95%, and an F1-score of 64.51% for the buyer class. The visualization of the decision tree provides clear interpretation of the main attributes influencing purchasing decisions, thereby facilitating understanding for non-technical decision makers. Overall, this study demonstrates that the Decision Tree method is effective in modeling consumer purchasing behavior in e-commerce and can be utilized as a basis for data-driven business decision making, particularly in marketing strategies and improving sales conversion rates.

The purpose of this study is to determine the perception of Plasma Farmers/Partners on the Existence of PT. Tani Prima Makmur Oil Palm Plantation, Andabia Village, Anggaberi District, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The number of samples in the study was 54 respondents of partner/plasma farmers. There are two types of data in general, namely quantitative data and qualitative data. The data sources used in this study are primary data and secondary data. The data analysis method in this study is qualitative descriptive analysis, with a qualitative analysis model. With a Likert scale, the measured variables are described into variable indicators. Then the indicators are used as a starting point for compiling instrument items that can be in the form of questions or statements. The answers to each instrument item using a Likert scale have positive questions and negative questions. Based on the results of the analysis, it appears that public perception regarding the economic impact of PT Tani Prima Makmur's activities is assessed as a total score of 574, indicating that the existence of oil palm plantations has a positive impact on improving the economy of partner/plasma farmers. The overall social impact has a total score of 416, which means that the presence of oil palm plantations is perceived to have a negative impact on the social community of partner/plasma farmers.

The Outpatient Unit is an important service unit that contributes to the hospital's revenue. However, at Adam Talib Cikunir Hospital, the number of patient visits has not yet reached the target, thus it is necessary to formulate a strategy to enhance competitiveness. This research aims to develop a strategic plan for the Outpatient Unit to improve service quality and increase its contribution to the hospital's revenue. The research uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Analysis is conducted through Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE), External Factor Evaluation (EFE), SWOT analysis, and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). The IFE score of 2.44 and the EFE score of 2.41 place RS DAT Cikunir in Quadrant V of the IE Matrix, which means RS DAT Cikunir is in a Hold and Maintain position. The SWOT analysis generates several alternative strategies, and the QSPM prioritizes three strategies: enhancing specialized services (score 5,84), expanding services and digital promotion (score 5,66), and optimizing cooperation with BPJS and private insurance (score 5,38). The research concludes that improving specialized services, expanding services and digital promotions, as well as optimizing cooperation between BPJS and private insurance are the right strategies to enhance service quality, attract more patients, and strengthen the competitiveness of RS Dokter Adam Talib Cikunir amid competition in the healthcare sector.  

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a strategic role in improving the economy of rural communities, but still face various obstacles, particularly in packaging branding and marketing. Snack MSMEs in Batumarta 1 Village, Lubuk Raja District, have good product potential, but are not yet supported by a strong brand identity, attractive packaging design, and optimal use of digital marketing. This community service activity aims to support MSME development through assistance with packaging branding and digital marketing. The implementation method includes observing MSME conditions, socializing the importance of branding and digital marketing, assistance in creating brand identities and product packaging designs, and assistance with promotions through social media. The results of the activity show an increase in MSME understanding of the importance of packaging branding and digital marketing, as well as improvements in the appearance of product packaging to be more attractive and have a brand identity. In addition, MSMEs have begun to utilize social media as a means of product promotion. This activity is expected to expand marketing reach, increase product competitiveness, and support the sustainability of MSMEs in Batumarta 1 Village, Lubuk Raja District.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a strategic role in improving the economy of rural communities, but still face various obstacles, particularly in packaging branding and marketing. Snack MSMEs in Batumarta 1 Village, Lubuk Raja District, have good product potential, but are not yet supported by a strong brand identity, attractive packaging design, and optimal use of digital marketing. This community service activity aims to support MSME development through assistance with packaging branding and digital marketing. The implementation method includes observing MSME conditions, socializing the importance of branding and digital marketing, assistance in creating brand identities and product packaging designs, and assistance with promotions through social media. The results of the activity show an increase in MSME understanding of the importance of packaging branding and digital marketing, as well as improvements in the appearance of product packaging to be more attractive and have a brand identity. In addition, MSMEs have begun to utilize social media as a means of product promotion. This activity is expected to expand marketing reach, increase product competitiveness, and support the sustainability of MSMEs in Batumarta 1 Village, Lubuk Raja District.

This study aims to examine the effect of work motivation and work environment on employee performance at Wijaya Kusuma School, North Jakarta, both partially and simultaneously. This research employed a quantitative approach using a survey method. The population consisted of all employees of Wijaya Kusuma School, North Jakarta, with a total sample of 87 respondents selected using a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability. The data analysis techniques included instrument testing, classical assumption tests, and hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression analysis, F-test, t-test, and coefficient of determination. Data processing and analysis were conducted using SPSS version 25. The results indicate that work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. In addition, the work environment also has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Simultaneously, work motivation and work environment significantly influence employee performance at Wijaya Kusuma School, North Jakarta. These findings suggest that improving employee motivation and creating a supportive and conducive work environment are essential strategies for enhancing employee performance in educational institutions.  

This study aims to analyze cash budget management at the Kuda Kepang Mas Bagong MSME located in Wates Hamlet, Cepogo Village, Boyolali Regency. This MSME focuses on traditional kuda kepang crafts that have economic and cultural value as a support for local performing arts. The method applied is a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques through observation and direct interviews with the business owner. The data reviewed includes the production process, production capacity, cost structure, selling price, revenue, and marketing system. The results of the study indicate that the Kuda Kepang Mas Bagong MSME has consistent market demand, especially for medium-sized kuda kepang products. However, production capacity limitations due to the use of one worker are a major obstacle in increasing business turnover. In addition, cash budget management is still carried out in a simple and unorganized manner, so the potential for liquidity control and financial planning has not reached an optimal level. This study concludes that developing a more organized cash budget and increasing production capacity can be a key strategy in improving the financial performance and sustainability of the Kuda Kepang Mas Bagong MSME.

The implementation of Electronic-Based Government Systems (Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik/SPBE) represents a strategic instrument of public administration reform aimed at improving service quality, efficiency, and governance through digital transformation. However, empirical evidence across countries indicates that the effectiveness of digital government initiatives is frequently constrained by persistent competency gaps among public sector personnel. This study conducts a thematic literature review to systematically identify, classify, and synthesize scholarly findings on competency gaps affecting SPBE and digital government implementation within the field of public administration. Drawing on peer-reviewed international literature published over the last decade and indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, and DOAJ, the review applies a narrative–synthetic approach supported by thematic analysis. The findings reveal four dominant dimensions of competency gaps: technical–digital competencies, managerial and digital leadership competencies, cross-sectoral collaborative competencies, and adaptive learning competencies. These gaps are shaped by interacting individual, organizational, and systemic factors, including misaligned human resource management practices, fragmented bureaucratic structures, and limited capacity-building mechanisms. Using Competency-Based Human Resource Management (CBHRM) as the primary analytical lens, and reinforced by Digital Government Theory, Digital Era Governance, and Capacity Building Theory, this study demonstrates that competency gaps are structural rather than merely individual deficiencies. The article contributes theoretically by integrating human resource and digital governance perspectives into a unified analytical framework, and practically by offering policy-relevant insights for strengthening public sector capacity and enhancing the sustainability of SPBE implementation.

This research looks into how site managers in construction projects in Malang City manage and improve their use of human resources. The research is driven by the significance of effective human resource management in ensuring project success and the lack of studies focusing on the operational strategies of site managers within a local context. This study uses a quantitative method that is both descriptive and analytical. It involves giving out a survey to 40 people, including site managers, contractors, and foremen. The independent variables include leadership and supervisory style, human resource planning and workforce allocation, training and competency development, team communication and coordination, performance monitoring and evaluation, as well as motivation and welfare. The dependent variable is the degree to which human resource management is optimized. The results of validity and reliability tests indicate that all research instruments are valid and reliable. Multiple linear regression analysis shows that leadership and supervisory style, along with human resource planning and workforce allocation, have a significant partial effect on improving HRM practices. Other variables have a positive but statistically insignificant partial effect on the estate. Overall, the management of human resources in construction projects in Malang City is considered to be fairly good. This study confirms that leadership and workforce planning are the main strategic factors for site managers in improving the effectiveness of human resource management in construction projects.

The use of information technology is a crucial element in improving the effectiveness of village government administration. One implementation of e-government at the village level is the use of the Village Apparatus Information System (Sipede) as a medium for managing village apparatus data. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Sipede's implementation in supporting village apparatus data management in Candi District. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observations, and system document reviews. Data analysis was conducted using the Agile Response in E-Governance framework, which includes nine effectiveness indicators: Ease of Use, Usefulness, System Quality, Technology Mindfulness, Software Reliability, Communication Transparency, Trust, Collaboration Efficiency, and Traceability. The results show that Sipede is quite effective in improving data accuracy, information integration, and coordination between government agencies. This effectiveness is evident in the ease of use of the system, the clarity of the workflow, and the level of apparatus trust in the data generated. However, the use of Sipede still faces obstacles in the form of limited system access and suboptimal usage practices. Therefore, efforts are needed to develop systems and increase user capacity to support more accountable and sustainable village apparatus administrative governance.

This study aims to analyze the innovation of the use of e-SDM Applications in improving the quality of digital employee data management at the Surabaya City Human Resources Development Agency (BKPSDM). This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method through data collection techniques such as in-depth interviews, direct observation, and supporting documentation. The research analysis refers to the success factor model of e-Government innovation according to Maulidhia J.P., which includes aspects of leadership, stakeholders, resources, technology and information, processes, goals and values, and laws and regulations. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of e-SDM Applications can improve work efficiency, data accuracy, transparency, and ease of access to employee information through an integrated digital system. This success is supported by leadership commitment, collaboration between stakeholders, and the availability of adequate resources. However, this study also found several challenges, including technical system and network constraints, the need to increase human resource capacity, and the need for continuous regulatory and SOP updates. Overall, e-SDM innovations have made a positive contribution to improving the quality of employee data management in government environments.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of corporate income tax (PPh) planning strategies at PT Anggada Indo Asia in order to achieve tax burden efficiency. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results show that the company has not fully implemented tax planning in accordance with tax regulations, as evidenced by fiscal corrections on several expense items that do not comply with tax rules. Based on these findings, the recommended tax planning strategies include improving compliance with tax regulations, preparing more comprehensive documentation, and transferring non-deductible expenses to forms that are fiscally recognized. With the implementation of this strategy, the company successfully saved tax expenses amounting to IDR 2,816,430, which equates to a 2.4% efficiency from the total tax liability. This result demonstrates that effective tax planning can be a legitimate tool to reduce tax burdens while also improving the efficiency of the company’s financial management. Therefore, applying good tax planning strategies not only contributes to tax savings but also helps the company achieve more optimal financial management in compliance with applicable tax regulations.

This study examines the dynamics of public service delivery at the Office of Cooperatives, Small and Medium Enterprises, and Trade in Tegal Regency, focusing on its role in supporting local economic development. The background of this research is rooted in the increasing demand for effective, transparent, and responsive public services, particularly for cooperatives, micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), and the trade sector, which are key drivers of regional economic growth. The objective of this study is to analyze the quality and dynamics of services provided by the office, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and assess their implications for service improvement. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method, using data collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis involving government officials and service users. The findings indicate that service delivery has shown positive developments through procedural improvements and service innovations; however, challenges remain in terms of human resource capacity, infrastructure limitations, and coordination mechanisms. These dynamics significantly influence the effectiveness of policy implementation and stakeholder satisfaction. The study implies that strengthening institutional capacity, enhancing digital-based services, and improving service professionalism are essential to achieving more optimal public service performance. The results of this research are expected to contribute to policy evaluation and serve as a reference for improving public service management in local government institutions, particularly in the cooperative, MSME, and trade sectors.

This study aims to evaluate the validity, effectiveness, and practicality of developing problem-based teaching materials for improving student learning outcomes. The research focuses on a practical module for the subject of electric motor installation at SMKN 1 Driyorejo, where interviews and needs assessment revealed issues such as teacher-centered learning and limited student resources, primarily relying on notebooks. These factors have hindered optimal learning outcomes. The development of problem-based learning modules was intended to address these issues and improve cognitive, affective, and psychomotor learning outcomes. The research follows a Research & Development (R&D) approach with four steps: 1) Define, 2) Design, 3) Develop, and 4) Disseminate, using a one-shot case study trial design. The study involved 30 students of grade XI TITL 1 at SMKN 1 Driyorejo. Results showed the module’s validity at 3.66, practicality based on student responses at 89.25, and effectiveness with cognitive, psychomotor, and affective outcomes of 84.93, 89.40, and 94.00, respectively. These findings suggest that the problem-based practical module is valid, practical, and effective for improving student learning outcomes across various domains.

This study aims to describe in detail the implementation of the SMART-TENDIK PAUD innovation as a model for managing educators and educational personnel based on reflection, collaboration, and the use of simple technology, as well as to analyze its impact on improving teacher professionalism in early childhood education settings. This study employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method to explore relevant theories and previous research findings. Data collection techniques include document analysis and systematic online searches from various credible academic sources. Data analysis is conducted through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing to ensure comprehensive and accurate interpretation. The results indicate that the implementation of SMART-TENDIK PAUD enhances teachers’ reflective awareness, strengthens collaboration through active participation in learning communities, and improves the effectiveness of educational personnel management through the practical use of simple and accessible technology. Furthermore, this innovation contributes significantly to improving the quality of learning, making it more creative, adaptive, and innovative. Therefore, SMART-TENDIK PAUD can serve as an alternative model of effective, applicable, and sustainable management innovation in enhancing the professionalism of early childhood education teachers.

Human resource management (HRM) in education plays a strategic role in determining the quality and success of educational implementation. Educators and educational staff are the main assets of educational institutions that directly influence the quality of learning processes and outcomes. This article aims to examine the concept of educational human resource management, its scope, and the urgency of implementing effective HRM in improving educational quality. This study employs a qualitative approach using library research by reviewing relevant books, scientific journals, and educational regulations related to human resource management and education. The results indicate that the scope of educational HRM includes human resource planning, recruitment and selection, placement and organization, training and development, performance appraisal, compensation and rewards, coaching and maintenance, as well as termination and retirement. The implementation of professional, systematic, and sustainable educational HRM contributes significantly to improving the professionalism of educational personnel, institutional effectiveness, and the achievement of educational goals. Therefore, educational human resource management is a key factor in realizing high-quality and sustainable education.