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This research looks at why freelance event crews think about leaving Maharagung Organizer by focusing on two things: the rewards they receive and the punishments they face in a project-based setup. The core issue is that crews feel dissatisfied when rewards are unclear or rarely given, while discipline rules can feel uneven, so the goal is to see whether these practices actually change how much people want to quit. The study uses a simple survey design and analyzes the results with a PLS model in SmartPLS after checking that the questions reliably measure reward, punishment, and turnover intention, and it includes everyone active and reachable during the data phase. The results point one way: fair, transparent rewards help people want to stay, while discipline does more to set standards than to keep people from leaving; taken together, that means rewards carry most of the weight for retention, and punishments mostly support order and safety. The bottom line for managers is to make rewards predictable, tied to performance, and clearly communicated, then keep discipline fair and consistent in the background so crews feel respected and choose to keep taking future event offers.

Islamic da'wah organizations play a strategic role in developing, nurturing, and sustaining religious values within society. The development of da'wah organizations is not only related to strengthening religious understanding but also encompasses managerial dimensions, human resource development, and adaptation to social dynamics. This study aims to identify and analyze the types of development implemented within da'wah organizations, as well as their implications for the effectiveness of da'wah movements in the community. This research employs a qualitative method using a literature study approach, through the examination of scholarly works, institutional documents, and previous research. The findings reveal three main forms of development within da'wah organizations: (1) Religious development, which includes strengthening the understanding of Islamic teachings, internalizing moral values, and enhancing members’ spiritual capacity; (2) Managerial and organizational development, focused on institutional structuring, program management, and da'wah strategy development; and (3) Social community development, which involves empowering the community through education, social services, and activities that foster a religious and civilized society. In conclusion, the development of da'wah organizations requires a comprehensive and sustainable approach to effectively respond to social changes and strengthen the organization’s contribution to character building and the advancement of Islamic civilization.

Low Birth Weight (LBW) infants are among the leading causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality in Indonesia. This condition is associated with the immaturity of organ systems, including thermoregulation and respiratory function, making infants prone to stress, hypothermia, and oxygenation problems. One nursing intervention that helps improve physiological stability is the nesting technique, which positions the baby similarly to the intrauterine condition using soft rolled cloths as a “nest.” This case study aimed to determine the effect of nesting on oxygen saturation and pulse frequency changes in LBW infants in the perinatology room of RSUD Batang. The design used a descriptive case study with a nursing process approach involving 5 LBW infants who met inclusion criteria. The intervention was carried out by applying nesting for 30 minutes, then measuring oxygen saturation and pulse rate before and after the intervention using a pulse oximeter. The results showed an increase in oxygen saturation and changes in pulse rate after nesting. The mean oxygen saturation before intervention was 94%, increasing to 98% after three days of treatment. The average pulse rate increased from 130 beats/minute to 136 beats/minute, remaining within normal physiological limits (120–160 bpm). This indicates improved comfort and physiological stability due to the flexed position during nesting, which reduces stress and enhances oxygen efficiency. In conclusion, the nesting technique effectively improves oxygen saturation and stabilizes pulse rate in LBW infants. It is recommended as an evidence-based nursing practice for promoting comfort and physiological stability in premature or LBW infants in perinatology units.    

Patients undergoing surgery often experience preoperative anxiety due to concerns about the outcome, pain, and the risk of complications. Uncontrolled anxiety can affect the patient's physiological and psychological condition and slow the recovery process. One non-pharmacological effort that can be used to reduce anxiety is the finger-holding relaxation technique, a simple method that can help balance emotions and provide a sense of calm. To determine the effect of the finger-holding relaxation technique on changes in preoperative anxiety levels in patients at Batang Regional General Hospital. Method: This study used a descriptive case study approach. The respondents were four patients who were about to undergo surgery and were experiencing anxiety. The intervention was conducted for approximately 15 minutes using the finger-holding relaxation technique. Anxiety levels were measured before and after the intervention using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). All respondents experienced a decrease in anxiety levels after the intervention. The average reduction in anxiety scores was 7.25 points. Before the intervention, two patients experienced severe anxiety and two patients experienced moderate anxiety. After the intervention, two patients experienced mild anxiety and two others experienced a decrease to moderate levels. This indicates that finger-holding therapy has a positive effect on reducing preoperative anxiety in patients. The finger-holding relaxation technique has been proven effective in reducing preoperative anxiety in patients. This intervention can be used as a simple, safe, and easy-to-implement non-pharmacological therapy alternative for nurses to improve patient psychological comfort.

This study explores the transformation of traditional worship values within the Klon tribe community in Alor, East Nusa Tenggara. Prior to their conversion to Christianity, the community practiced a religious system centered on mesbah (stone altars) where they worshiped ancestral spirits and local deities. The introduction of Christianity through inculturation led to a significant shift in worship practices, transitioning from rituals at the mesbah to those at the church pulpit. However, rather than losing their spiritual and communal values, these traditions adapted and were integrated into Christian practices. The study highlights how elements of local wisdom were preserved and transformed, creating a bridge between indigenous beliefs and Christian teachings. This transformation demonstrates that the core values of worship such as reverence for ancestors and community solidarity continued to play a role in the newly adopted Christian practices. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of understanding such cultural transformations, especially in the context of Christian Religious Education. It suggests that contextualizing religious teachings within local traditions and wisdom can foster a deeper, more meaningful connection to faith for communities undergoing cultural change. By valuing these local traditions, Christian Religious Education can become more relevant and impactful, encouraging a harmonious blending of old and new beliefs.

The Church in indonesia now plays an increasingly broad role in society, but also faces various complex challenges. These challenges come not only from outside, such as discrimination and social pressure, but also from within; such as limited resources and a reluctance to change. Therefore, the Church needs to understand these various issues in order to formulate ministry strategies that are relevant, contextual, and able to addres the needs of a diverse society. The Church is called to be a forum for the brotherhood of God’s people from various cultural backgrounds, while also bearing witness that unity in diversity is a tangible manifestation of God’s love in the world. However, cultural diversity can also create tension if not managed wisely. The inculturation of local cultures, such as Torok in Manggarai culture, has profound meaning. Torok is not merely a series of literary words, but has a profound meaning that reflects the identity of the Manggarai people in their relationship with themselves, others, nature, and God Himself as creator. As a poetic prayer, Torok serves as an expression of the totality of human life and a means to cultivate the values of brotherhood. The Church does not intend to implement rigid uniformity in matters that do not concern the core of the faith or the welfare of the faithful. On the contrary, the Church respects and strives to preserve the cultural riches that are characteristic of various tribes and nations.

Language plays a crucial role not only as a means of communication but also as a reflection of the values and character of society. In the context of youth mosque da'wah, the use of polite language is crucial because it influences the effectiveness of conveying religious messages and shaping the morals of listeners. This study aims to examine the application of the principles of polite language in youth mosque da'wah in Karanganyar Regency and efforts to improve it through training activities. The method used was a qualitative approach with observation techniques, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out in three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions interactively. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in the participants' understanding and practice of polite language after attending the training. Based on the questionnaire results, participants' post-test scores increased compared to the pre-test, indicating the effectiveness of the training in strengthening their understanding of the concept of polite speech. Furthermore, observations of da'wah practices showed positive changes in the use of more polite, structured, and empathetic language. This activity not only improved participants' communication skills but also raised awareness of the importance of language ethics in da'wah. Thus, this language politeness training contributes to the character development of mosque youth, helping them become moral, communicative, and civilized young preachers. It is hoped that similar activities can be developed to a more advanced level in the future to strengthen the application of politeness in religious communication among youth.

, it has driven very significant changes to the marketing and sales strategies of various companies in the business sector. One of the influential innovations is the implementation of e-commerce (electronic commerce), which allows the buying and selling transaction process to be carried out online through the internet network. E-commerce is not only a means to sell products, but it also plays an important role in expanding market reach, increasing the effectiveness of promotions, and strengthening the relationship between companies and consumers. This study aims to analyze the application of e-commerce as a strategy to increase product sales at PT Daehsan Indonesia Medan Branch. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation of management and distributors involved in the company's digital marketing activities. In addition, this study also reviews the supporting factors and obstacles that arise during the implementation of e-commerce, so that it can provide a comprehensive picture of the extent to which the use of digital platforms affects the increase in sales volume, the expansion of market reach, and the level of customer satisfaction.

Rapid global population growth has led to climate change and agricultural land degradation, posing significant challenges to the stability of global food security. The traditional livestock sector is known to absorb high levels of greenhouse gas emissions that can accelerate natural resource degradation and require innovative and sustainable approaches to meet the demand for animal protein. This study aims to analyze the contribution of cultured meat technology as an ethical and environmentally friendly alternative to improving global food security. This study uses a desk study method that addresses the technical, social, economic, and ethical aspects of cultured meat production. The analysis results indicate that the application of this technology has the potential to reduce land use and carbon emissions by up to 70% compared to conventional livestock systems, in addition to reducing animal suffering and the risk of zoonotic disease transmission. However, its application still faces several obstacles, such as high production costs, dependence on whey-based culture media, and difficulties in halal certification and public acceptance. These findings underscore the importance of synergy between scientists, governments, and religious authorities to ensure the safety, effectiveness, and equivalence of technology with ethical principles and socio-cultural values. With strong regulatory support and ongoing research, cultured meat technology has the potential to be a strategic solution for building a resilient, equitable, and environmentally responsible global food system.

, it has driven very significant changes to the marketing and sales strategies of various companies in the business sector. One of the influential innovations is the implementation of e-commerce (electronic commerce), which allows the buying and selling transaction process to be carried out online through the internet network. E-commerce is not only a means to sell products, but it also plays an important role in expanding market reach, increasing the effectiveness of promotions, and strengthening the relationship between companies and consumers. This study aims to analyze the application of e-commerce as a strategy to increase product sales at PT Daehsan Indonesia Medan Branch. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation of management and distributors involved in the company's digital marketing activities. In addition, this study also reviews the supporting factors and obstacles that arise during the implementation of e-commerce, so that it can provide a comprehensive picture of the extent to which the use of digital platforms affects the increase in sales volume, the expansion of market reach, and the level of customer satisfaction.

Using an analysis of the film “The Great Hack,” this paper aims to examine the economic transformation of society from the post-Fordist era to the information society. The film reveals how data and information have become key commodities in today's digital age, impacting various aspects of social and economic life. The film “The Great Hack” serves as the main case study in this research, which uses a qualitative approach. Content analysis and critical discourse analysis are the instruments used in this study. This method involves reading literature on relevant economic and social theories, as well as conducting a critical analysis of the film's content and message. This research uses the theoretical frameworks of post-Fordism, network society, cognitive capitalism, and information society to study the forms of economic change that have occurred. The results of the study show that the film “The Great Hack” adopts the principles of post-Fordism that have developed in the digital context, resulting in a network society, the concept of cognitive capitalism, and a network society where data is the main resource. In conclusion, the film shows how the principles of post-Fordism have developed in the digital context, resulting in a network society, the concept of cognitive capitalism, and a network society in which data is the primary resource. The practices of Cambridge Analytica demonstrate cognitive capitalism, which shows that economic value comes from knowledge and information.

This study aims to examine how profits and company size affect tax avoidance in energy companies listed on the stock exchange between 2022 and 2024. This study applies a quantitative approach using secondary data from annual financial reports. The population data was taken from 18 energy companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, while the sample selection was conducted using purposive sampling. The main phenomenon affecting the test results is the existence of incentives for highly profitable companies to engage in tax avoidance due to the potential for more significant tax savings. In addition, large companies usually have more resources and complex organizational structures, which give them more opportunities to carry out innovative and aggressive tax planning. It is hoped that this study can offer a fresh understanding of tax avoidance practices in the energy sector in Indonesia. The impact of this study is important for authorities to understand the relationship between corporate profitability, entity size, and tax avoidance practices, especially in the energy sector, which plays a strategic role. This understanding can assist in formulating more appropriate taxation policies to maintain economic stability and fiscal justice. The novelty of this research lies in its focus on business entities in the energy sector listed on the Stock Exchange from 2022 to 2024, which is a dynamic period marked by global commodity price fluctuations, changes in energy policy, and significant geopolitical challenges.

This study aims to analyze the semantic shift in language within digital culture through the perspectives of linguistics and the philosophy of language. The focus of the study is directed toward the phenomenon of memes, emojis, abbreviations, and popular expressions that have rapidly developed on social media platforms and often deviate from their standard meanings. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method using content analysis combined with a philosophical literature review. Data were obtained from various digital platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter/X, as well as relevant academic sources. The results indicate that semantic shifts in digital language occur through patterns of meaning expansion, metaphorization, polysemy, and linguistic innovation. From the standpoint of the philosophy of language, these findings align with Wittgenstein's meaning is use theory and Austin's speech act theory, both of which emphasize that meaning is determined by the practical use of language and speech acts within social contexts. Thus, the changes in meaning in digital culture are not merely linguistic but also reflect the social, cultural, and technological dynamics that shape modern communication patterns.

The development of the digital economy has driven major changes in consumer behavior, from traditional transactions to online interactions. These changes present both challenges and opportunities for businesses, particularly in the e-commerce sector, where consumer trust, data privacy, and digital technology adoption are important factors in decision-making. This study aims to map global trends in online consumer behavior research in the context of the digital economy using bibliometric analysis. Data was collected from the Scopus database using the keyword “online consumer behavior” for the period 2020-2025. The dataset was exported in CSV format and analyzed using VOSviewer and R Studio (Biblioshiny). The analysis included annual publication trends, identification of authors, journals, countries, as well as keyword mapping and citation networks. The results show a significant increase in publications after 2020, with China, the United States, and India as the main contributors. Keyword mapping reveals four research clusters: consumer trust and data privacy, e-commerce and digital platform adoption, consumer experience and personalization, and social commerce and social media influence. These findings confirm a growing research focus on issues of digital trust and opportunities for utilizing new technologies such as artificial intelligence and social media. This study provides a comprehensive overview of global trends in online consumer behavior and an important contribution to academics, practitioners, and policymakers.

The blue economy is widely promoted as a pathway to sustainable development, yet women’s enterprises remain marginalized by structural barriers. This study investigates whether support systems directly influence the sustainability of coastal women’s businesses in Bulukumba South Sulawesi, Indonesia, while applying the Quintuple Bottom Line (QBL) and Theory of Change (Toc) frameworks. A quantitative design using survey data from women-led micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) was analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM). The model assessed the reliability of constructs and tested the hypothesized effect of support systems including access to finance, social support, and public policy on sustainability outcomes. Findings reveal that although the measurement model demonstrated reliability and validity, support systems showed no significant direct effect on sustainability. This result contrasts with much of the existing literature but aligns with recent studies emphasizing mediation through financial literacy, managerial capacity, and institutional scaffolding. The study thus adds nuance by demonstrating that external interventions, in isolation, are insufficient for sustaining women’s enterprises in coastal contexts. The research contributes theoretically by extending QBL and Toc to gendered coastal entrepreneurship and practically by highlighting the need for integrated, gender-sensitive policies. Future research should examine mediating and moderating mechanisms that translate support into long term sustainability.

Preaching the Gospel is an obligation for every believer, a duty and calling as followers of Christ. This can be achieved through various methods to reach every tribe or region, in the context of preaching the Gospel. This preaching of the Gospel can be done using the methods God has given to humans to proclaim His name to all people, including the Dayak Kanayatn tribe, located in Landak Regency, West Kalimantan. A contextual approach is needed as a strategy in preaching the Gospel. The purpose of this study is to determine the cultural and evangelistic approaches to changing poverty, ignorance, and backwardness among the Dayak Kanayatn tribe. By employing a descriptive historical approach, namely utilizing data, archives, and past documents, it is possible to understand a current situation and derive insights that can inform future decisions. Data collection techniques include literature studies, interviews, and observations. The results of this study are an approach through culture, evangelism, and discipleship that can be used as a strategy to change the backwardness of the Dayak Kanayatn tribe.

This study aims to analyze the effect of liquidity and solvency ratios on the profitability of PT GoTo Go-Jek Tokopedia Tbk. The liquidity ratio in this study is measured using the Current Ratio (CR), while the solvency ratio uses the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR). The research data includes the 2018–2020 financial statements of PT Tokopedia Tbk and the years 2021–2023 after the company transformed into PT GoTo Go-Jek Tokopedia Tbk. The research method uses a descriptive quantitative approach with secondary data from the company's annual financial statements. The results show that the company's liquidity ratio fluctuates in the range of 1.55–3.14, while the DER is in the range of 0.12–0.42 and the DAR is between 0.17–0.34. The results of the simultaneous test showed the value of sig. The F Change of 0.003 < 0.05 indicates that CR, DER, and DAR have a less significant correlation relationship with Return on Assets (ROA). A determination coefficient value of 0.382 showed that 38.2% of the ROA variables were influenced by CR and DAR, while the remaining 67.8% were explained by other factors outside the model. Overall, the research findings confirm the importance of efficient debt management and optimization of capital structure to increase the company's long-term profitability.

Green accounting procedures have been adopted by numerous companies in response to the growing global focus on environmental responsibility. Nonetheless, monetary instability is still a major obstacle that can reduce productivity in Indonesia's manufacturing sector. The purpose of this research is to analyze industrial businesses listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2023 and see how green accounting, financial crisis, and earnings management affect financial performance. The population in this study consists of 68 industrial sector companies, with a sample of 7 companies selected through purposive sampling based on 4 criteria. We used EViews software and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) for a quantitative approach. First, financial distress has a significant impact on financial performance. Second, green accounting has a significant positive effect on financial performance. Third, earnings management does not moderate the relationship between financial distress and financial performance. Fourth, earnings management does not moderate the relationship between green accounting and financial performance. With an Adjusted R-Square value of 79.73%, the study model has a high level of explanatory power. It may be used to explain the majority of the variation in financial performance. This shows that the constructed model is applicable and fits the empirical data well. Transparent reporting and real sustainability initiatives are still vital for improving company results, according to these results, as profits management methods do not change the impact of environmental and financial variables, which are important drivers of performance.

Critical thinking is an essential skill in the modern era, characterized by rapid changes in the workplace and the dynamics of daily life. In a time when information is readily accessible and challenges are increasingly complex, individuals are required not only to master technical skills (hard skills), but also to possess the ability to analyze, evaluate, and critically respond to information. These skills are the foundation for making informed, wise, and adaptive decisions. Case studies from various recent news outlets in Indonesia show that many young people, especially Gen Z, still face difficulties entering the workforce due to a lack of soft skills and mental preparedness. This phenomenon is evident in increasing reports of unpreparedness for work pressure, poor communication skills, and a lack of problem-solving skills. Through an analysis of the literature and news reports, this article explores the relationship between critical thinking skills and the real-world challenges faced by Gen Z. Furthermore, it offers practical recommendations for developing critical thinking capacity so that young people can better adapt, improve professional performance, and respond to various issues in daily life more maturely and responsibly.  

In the digital age, English Education students still face difficulties in developing Academic English Proficiency because classroom learning is still dominated by traditional methods that are less appealing to digital natives. This study aims to explore and evaluate the integration of TikTok Learning Games (TLG) as a gamification-based learning medium to improve EAP for students in the English Education Study Program at Medan State University. Using a qualitative approach with a limited Research and Development model, data was collected through open-ended questionnaires and digital observations on TikTok, then analyzed using thematic analysis. The results showed that after two weeks of implementing TLG, students experienced improvements in academic vocabulary, pronunciation, contextual understanding, learning motivation, and speaking confidence, with 80% of participants stating that learning felt more enjoyable and less boring. However, a small number of students did not show significant changes due to limited access to technology and inconsistent use. Overall, this study concludes that TLG is an effective and practical digital gamification strategy for improving English proficiency, and can be used as a reference for lecturers in developing social media-based learning innovations in higher education.