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This research examines how Pancasila and Islamic Religious Education function as foundational value systems in shaping civil law relations and promoting private justice, analyzed through the lens of Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence. Within Indonesia’s pluralistic yet religious societal framework, civil law extends beyond formal legal provisions and reflects the living moral, social, and religious norms embedded in the community. This study adopts a normative juridical method, complemented by conceptual and sociological approaches, and is supported by an extensive review of legal literature and scholarly discourse. The study reveals that Pancasila encapsulates essential principles, including justice, human dignity, and social equilibrium, which resonate with the ethical foundations of Islamic teachings. At the same time, Islamic Religious Education contributes significantly to cultivating legal consciousness and moral responsibility among individuals, thereby encouraging a model of private justice that transcends rigid legal formalism and emphasizes societal welfare (maslahah). From the standpoint of Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence, civil law should operate as a dynamic instrument that adapts to social realities while incorporating prevailing Islamic values. In conclusion, embedding the values of Pancasila and Islamic Religious Education within civil law frameworks enhances both the legitimacy and the substantive quality of justice. This research offers a conceptual contribution toward developing a civil law system that is more responsive, equitable, and aligned with Indonesia’s socio-cultural and religious context.

The function of Prosecutorial Intelligence (Intel Kejaksaan) holds a crucial strategic role, not only in supporting prosecution duties but also in crime prevention, safeguarding national development, and recovering state assets. Despite having a strong legal basis and a broad mandate, this function often faces operational challenges, data integration issues, and resource optimization constraints that limit its effectiveness within the dynamic law enforcement ecosystem. This research aims to deeply analyze the role and challenges of Prosecutorial Intelligence and formulate a model for optimizing its function to enhance the effectiveness of law enforcement in Indonesia. The research methodology employed is normative and sociological juridical with a qualitative approach, gathering data through literature review, regulatory study, and in-depth interviews with practitioners and academics. The findings indicate that the optimization of the Prosecutorial Intelligence function requires three main pillars: (1) Enhancing the capacity and professionalism of human resources (HR) through modern intelligence training and digital forensics. (2) Integrating and ensuring interoperability of the intelligence information system with other law enforcement agencies (Police, KPK, PPATK) to build a comprehensive intelligence big data. (3) Expanding the spectrum of intelligence operations, shifting from a traditional focus on corruption crimes to transnational crimes, cybercrime, and securing strategic national investments. This optimization is expected to transform Prosecutorial Intelligence into a proactive, data-oriented strategic early warning system capable of supporting Prosecutors in making evidence-based decisions, thus achieving effective, just, and impactful law enforcement for the community.

This technical guidance (bimtek) activity was held with the primary objective of improving the digital capacity of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) members of the Papua Gallery in Sorong City. The approach used was quite unique because it combined information technology, specifically the e-commerce platform Odoo, with a sociological perspective of religion. This approach places the values of faith, community ethics, and local culture as the main foundation in the digital transformation process being carried out. This activity was carried out by a team of lecturers from Victory University Sorong from the Information Systems and Sociology of Religion Study Program, and involved students as part of community service. The implementation process included several stages: an assessment of MSMEs' digital needs, technical training on using Odoo, direct assistance in implementing the dare store, evaluation of results, and ongoing follow-up. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in digital literacy among MSMEs, success in creating and managing online stores independently, and a growing awareness that business digitization is not only an economic necessity, but also part of spiritual and social responsibility. In addition, this activity also helped strengthen the branding and presence of local Papuan culture through digital media. This faith- and cultural-based training model has proven effective and relevant for replication in other MSME communities in different regions, especially those with strong local cultural and religious potential.

The purpose of this study is to examine the sociological conditions of the HGU conflict, and to analyze the need for the establishment of an Agrarian Court from a legal and social aspect. The method used in this study is the Sociolegal method, which combines law with social reality. Primary data was taken from interviews with farmers, residents affected by HGU, BPN officials, Secondary data was obtained from laws and regulations, court decisions, NGO reports, land documents. Mesuji Regency is an area in Lampung Province which is known as one of the chronic agrarian conflict areas in Indonesia, especially those involving the Right to Cultivate (HGU) by large plantation companies including PT Barat Selatan Makmur Investindo (BSMI) and PT Silva Inhutani. This conflict involves local communities and companies holding HGU. The root of the problem is the community's claim to customary land, cultivated land, or inherited land. Allegations of HGU expansion that exceed the permit limit. The conclusion of this study is that the resolution process is often ineffective, unfair, and slow. HGU conflicts are generally structural in nature, because they involve inequality between local communities and large corporations that receive legal legitimacy through the granting of HGU. The establishment of an Agrarian Court has the potential to be a more just, effective, and contextual solution to resolving plantation HGU conflicts.

This research is motivated by the decision of the Kalianda District Court Number 20/Pid.Sus-Anak/2023/PN Kla which imposed a sentence to return the child who committed the crime of theft with aggravation to the parents. The purpose of this study is to analyze the basis for the judge's considerations legally, philosophically, and sociologically in making this decision. The research method uses a normative legal approach with a study of court decision documents and analysis of related literature. The findings show that legally, the judge considered the provisions in the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Law which prioritizes the principles of restorative justice and child protection. Philosophically, considerations are based on the child's right to grow and develop in a family environment and the importance of recovery, not retaliation. Sociologically, the judge pays attention to the family's condition, the child's social environment, and the recommendations of the Community Guidance Officer who assesses that the child can still be fostered under the supervision of parents. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of a multidimensional approach in handling children's cases, so that court decisions not only fulfill legal aspects, but also support the growth and development and social reintegration of children in society.

Corruption is an extraordinary crime and has a systemic impact that is detrimental to the state and society at large. To overcome this problem, the Indonesian legal system provides the option of implementing the death penalty, which is regulated in Law Number 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Corruption. However, the application of the death penalty has raised significant debate from various perspectives, both legal, philosophical, and sociological, considering that this action is contrary to the principle of respect for human rights. This study will discuss the threat of the death penalty as a form of ultimum remedium, namely as a last resort carried out in certain circumstances, such as when corruption occurs in a crisis or disaster situation. To analyze the effectiveness and urgency of implementing the death penalty in the context of anti-corruption law enforcement, a legal-normative approach is used

Most people do not know the legal basis for resolving traffic accidents that result in death through restorative justice (peaceful, family). Such a wrong public perception will cause great harm to the government's efforts to develop in the legal field, among other things, it can raise confusing questions. This study is a contribution of researchers' thoughts to participate in solving one of the legal problems that have long occurred in society. The research used is juridical-sociological or empirical research with a legal research approach. This research is an in-depth interview. The data collected are verbal and nonverbal. The conversation is recorded in a notebook or recorded with a tape recorder. The data is processed, analyzed and interpreted in a juridical-descriptive manner to explain or describe the data obtained by providing a logical interpretation and confirmed by the opinions of experts. The results of the study indicate that the causal factors or reasons for peaceful resolution or restorative justice of traffic accident cases resulting in fatalities at the Kupang City Police Resort are public legal awareness, public tendency to prioritize peace and family, and police discretionary authority. The practice of restorative justice resolution of traffic accident cases resulting in fatalities is carried out through the stages of the Approach Stage, Mediation Stage, Agreement Making Stage, Agreement Implementation Stage, and Completion and Case Closed Management.

The health services that will be provided must go through stages of approval from the patient verbally or in writing, so as not to violate the patient's rights as consumers of services and is one of the obligations of the health worker himself. This research aims to determine the implementation of informed consent in health services provided by physiotherapy students during field work practice in health institutions. This research also uses a sociological juridical method, which is the result of drawing conclusions as a result of connecting cause and effect variables in accordance with social science design. From the results of this research, it was found that physiotherapy students at Widya Husada University, Semarang, during field work practice in health institutions, always gave informed consent to patients before providing health services, either verbally or in writing. Students cannot yet be called full-fledged health workers, but when students practice field work in health institutions and provide health services to patients, they are required to provide informed consent to the patient first as a form of approval for the patient's actions.

The distribution and abuse of narcotics among children has become an increasingly alarming issue in Indonesia. Children are not only victims but also become perpetrators within drug networks. Law enforcement practices often neglect the principles of restorative justice and child protection, and are still not fully accompanied by adequate understanding and implementation by law enforcement officers. In addition, social stigma toward children involved in narcotics cases presents a major obstacle in their rehabilitation and social reintegration processes. This paper adopts a juridical and sociological approach to examine legal practices and the social impact experienced by child offenders of narcotics, while offering holistic solutions involving synergy between the legal system, families, and society. The findings emphasize the need to enhance the capacity of law enforcement, establish child-specific rehabilitation centers, and promote public education to eliminate the persistent negative stigma.

This paper analyzes the legal disharmony between the Indonesian Standard Industrial Classification (KBLI) Code 92000, which classifies gambling as a business activity, and Article 303 of the Indonesian Penal Code (KUHP), which criminalizes gambling. Using a normative legal research method supported by theoretical foundations from legal certainty, legal harmonization, and sociological jurisprudence, the paper explores the philosophical, sociological, and juridical ratio legis behind this classification. The research concludes that the classification under KBLI is administrative and does not legitimize gambling activities. The paper suggests harmonization mechanisms to resolve legal contradictions and ensure regulatory coherence.  Address the normative conflict and avoid further interpretive ambiguities, this paper proposes a series of harmonization mechanisms. First, there should be a revision or annotation of KBLI Code 92000 to clarify that its inclusion of gambling is not a recognition of its legality under Indonesian law. Second, greater inter-agency coordination is necessary, especially between the institutions responsible for economic classifications and those enforcing criminal law. Third, legislative synchronization efforts must be enhanced through the establishment of an integrated legal drafting mechanism to ensure that new or revised regulations do not conflict with existing criminal statutes.

Illegal trafficking of protected wildlife is an activity that is a threat to the survival of wildlife, Illegal trafficking categorized as a crime against wildlife includes: intentionally capturing, storing, possessing, maintaining, transporting and trading protected animals in a living condition. The problem in this thesis is what is the basis for the judge's legal considerations in passing a verdict against the perpetrator of the crime of trafficking in protected wildlife of the Siamang species in Decision Number: 134 / Pid.B / LH / 2023 / Pn Kla? is the judge's decision in imposing the sentence in accordance with substantive justice?, The research method used is normative and empirical juridical, The data used is primary and secondary data, data collection with literature studies and interviews. While data processing through the stages of data examination, data selection, data classification, and data systematization. The data that has been presented in the form of a description, discussed and analyzed descriptively qualitatively, to then draw conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the consideration of the Judge in Decision Number: 134 / Pid.B / LH / 2023 / Pn Kla in deciding the criminal case of trade in protected wildlife species of siamang, the Judge in Decision Number: 134 / Pid.B / LH / 2023 / Pn Kla related to the criminal act of trade in siamang species of wildlife considered the legal, sociological, and philosophical aspects according to Ahmad Rifai's theory. The legal aspect includes the sufficiency of evidence and the fulfillment of the elements of Article 40 Paragraph 2 in conjunction with Article 21 Paragraph 2 of Law No. 5 of 1990 concerning the Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems. Sociologically, the judge sees the impact of the defendant's actions on society and the environment. From a philosophical perspective, punishment is seen not as revenge, but an effort to educate the defendant not to repeat his actions. Finally, the judge sentenced him to 1 year and 4 months in prison and a fine of Rp25,000,000, subsidiary to 1 month in prison if the fine is not paid. The suggestion is that the government, law enforcement and stakeholders are expected to increase education to the community, especially around national parks/protected forests, not to trade in protected animals. This is important to prevent similar crimes and maintain the existence of protected animals in their habitat.    

This research examines the reconstruction of Article 4 of the Corruption Crime Law regarding the return of state financial losses through a progressive legal approach. This research uses sociological normative legal research methods with statutory and conceptual approaches. The results show that the provision of Article 4 which states that the return of state financial losses does not eliminate punishment needs to be recon-structed to accommodate the principles of restorative justice and legal incentives for perpetrators who voluntarily return state losses. The reconstruction does not completely eliminate punishment, but provides different treatment based on the level of cooperation of the perpetrator. For corruption cases with relatively small state losses, a restorative justice approach is more appropriate considering that case handling costs are often greater than the value of losses. This research recommends reformulating Article 4 to provide op-portunities for administrative settlement within a certain timeframe before proceeding to criminal pro-ceedings.

Tebas Sungai Village is one of the villages in Tebas District, which has a very unique history and has experienced development from its formation until now, and is the oldest village, especially in Tebas District, with a large population and a high level of education. This research aims to explore the events behind the formation of Tebas Sungai Village, find out the development of Tebas Sungai Village from 1938-2024.This type of research is qualitative research using critical analysis. The approaches used are historical, sociological and anthropological approaches. Meanwhile, data sources were obtained from primary and secondary sources. The data that has been collected is processed and analyzed through the stages of historical research methods, namely the heuristic, verification, interpretation and historiography stages. Data collection techniques in this research include observation, interviews, and documentation.The research results show that The development of Tebas Sungai Village from the colonial period, the beginning of independence, the old order to the new order to reform, until the expansion of Sambas Regency, experienced many significant changes and developments, especially in infrastructure, development and community welfare.

This study aims to analyze the design of Indonesian horror film posters through Pierre Bourdieu's sociological lens. The main focus of the study is to understand how the visual elements in the poster reflect the social dynamics, culture, and structure of the film industry. By using the concepts of habitus, capital (cultural, symbolic, economic), field, doxa, and social reproduction, this study reveals that the design of horror film posters not only functions as a promotional tool, but also as a medium that reproduces local cultural values ​​and community beliefs about the supernatural world. Elements such as traditional ghosts such as genderuwo, kuntilanak and mystical symbols such as keris, offerings, then there are dark colors, and a scary atmosphere reflect the habits of audiences who are familiar with local myths. This study also shows that horror film posters reproduce stereotypes about the relationship between humans and the supernatural world, and strengthen the hierarchy of spiritual power through visual symbols. These findings confirm the relevance of Bourdieu's theory in understanding cultural phenomena through visual media. This study is expected to provide new insights for filmmakers, graphic designers, and students in understanding the interaction between culture, aesthetics, and the film industry.

Registered letter summons plays an important role in the judicial system as a form of official notification to the parties involved in a case. However, at the Kasongan District Court, the process of sending summons releases still faces various obstacles that cause inefficiency, especially related to geographical factors, inaccuracy of destination addresses, and delays in delivery services. This study aims to analyze the factors that cause inefficiency in the delivery of registered letters and explore solutions that can improve the effectiveness of the summons system. The research method used is a normative sociological approach, which examines related regulations and the social impact of the ineffectiveness of the summons system. The results of the study indicate that geographical obstacles, imperfect address recording systems, and limited coordination between the court and delivery service providers are the main factors in summons inefficiency. To overcome these obstacles, it is necessary to implement technology optimization through an electronic summons system (e-Summon) and improve coordination with delivery service providers to ensure more accurate and efficient delivery of summons releases. With the reform of the summons system, it is hoped that the effectiveness of the trial can be increased and the principle of a simple, fast, and low-cost trial can be realized.

This research aims to analyze the optimization of the issuance of electronic land certificates in Gorontalo City and find out the efforts of the government (BPN) Gorontalo City in optimizing the issuance of electronic land certificates. This type of research is empirical legal research. This method involves a juridical sociological approach, namely an approach that starts from existing legal rules or norms and then harmonizes with the reality that exists in society. The results of this study indicate that the issuance of electronic land certificates (E-Certificate) in Gorontalo city is considered not optimal. Researchers found that there are 3 out of 4 indicators that have not been maximized in its implementation, namely the readiness of land office infrastructure, policy implementation, and public understanding. Furthermore, the efforts that have been made by BPN Gorontalo City in optimizing the issuance of electronic land certificates are conducting Socialization and Education to the Public, Improving Information Technology Infrastructure, Cooperation with Stakeholders, Increasing Human Resources Capacity and Resolving Obstacles and Constraints.

This study aims to analyze the marriage agreement as an instrument of legal protection for both parties in a marriage, especially in terms of property ownership and financial responsibility. This study uses a sociological juridical method, with primary data obtained through interviews with a notary and secondary data from various legal literature, including Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, the Civil Code, and the Constitutional Court Decision Number 69/PUU-XIII/2015. The results of the study indicate that the marriage agreement plays a role in preventing potential legal conflicts in marriage, both in monogamous and polygamous systems, and provides legal certainty for third parties, such as creditors or heirs. This agreement not only protects the rights and obligations of the husband and wife, but also ensures legal clarity in the division of assets and financial responsibility during and after the marriage.

Narcotics are substances or drugs derived from plants or non-plants, either synthetic or semi-synthetic, which can cause decreased or altered consciousness, loss of feeling, reduced or even eliminated pain, and can cause dependency. Drug abuse in Indonesia has reached a very worrying stage. Drugs no longer recognize age limits , old people, young people, teenagers and even children are users and dealers of illegal drugs. The illegal distribution of drugs in Indonesia is no less worrying, drugs are not only circulating in big cities in Indonesia, but have also penetrated into small areas. The problem raised in this study is the role of the North Sumatra regional police in uncovering narcotics crimes. The type of research used is empirical legal research with conceptual approach methods, legislative approaches, and sociological approaches. The types of data are primary data and secondary data, while the data sources for this study come from the results of interviews with respondents and informants. It was concluded that the role of the North Sumatra Regional Police in disclosing narcotics crimes is that the police conduct counseling in schools, install banners, pamphlets on the highway, carry out patrols and police operations. Furthermore, the police enforce the law starting from the investigation stage to the transfer of cases to the District Court while still referring to Law No. 2 of 2002 concerning the Police and other related regulations. The obstacles faced by the North Sumatra Regional Police are: Community factors, Limited Human Resources, Limited operational funds and Law enforcement factors .

In the community of Langkuru Village, Pureman District, Alor Regency, there are often illegitimate children who cause problems because they become a topic of discussion in the community. The process of resolving illegitimate children can be carried out with national law or through customary law as is done by the community of Langkuru Village, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). The settlement of illegitimate children according to customary law in Langkuru Village, Pureman District, Alor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, is usually resolved in the Customary Warehouse (langwah) because the Customary Warehouse (langwah) is a place of peace for customary problems and never has to get a court decision because basically the residents of Langkuru Village can resolve it by mutual agreement, either a joint agreement with the family or a joint agreement according to custom. The position of illegitimate children in the distribution of inheritance in Langkuru Village remains the same as the distribution of inheritance against legitimate because it adheres to the matrilineal customary system. This type of research uses an empirical legal research type with a sociological legal approach and primary data sources and secondary data are then analyzed descriptively qualitatively.

Underage marriage is a significant issue in various regions in Indonesia, including Owata Village, Bulango Ulu Subdistrict, Bone Bolango Regency. This study aims to examine the implementation of underage marriage from a juridical and sociological perspective. A qualitative approach with descriptive methods was used to understand the social, cultural, economic and educational factors that influence the phenomenon. The results show that the main factors that encourage early marriage include deep-rooted social norms and traditions, economic pressure, low access to education, and lack of understanding of the legal and health impacts. This practice often contradicts Law No. 16/2019, which sets the minimum age of marriage at 19 years. The consequences of underage marriage include negative impacts on reproductive health, increased risk of domestic violence, and barriers to education and careers. Therefore, comprehensive efforts through community education, economic empowerment, increased legal socialization, and more effective supervision are needed to reduce the practice of early marriage and protect children's rights. This research emphasizes the importance of synergy between the community, legal apparatus, and government to provide sustainable solutions.