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This study aims to analyze the role of classroom management and classroom arrangement in improving the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process, especially in the context of the Character Education Strengthening Program (PPK). The research method used is descriptive qualitative with the research location at SD Negeri 1 Wonosobo, Central Java. Participants included teachers, principals, and students. The results of the study indicate that flexible and conducive classroom arrangements, such as the arrangement of tables and chairs according to learning activities, as well as physical factors such as good lighting and ventilation, can improve student focus and collaboration. Effective classroom management, including careful planning, clear communication, and an inclusive approach, has been shown to create a positive learning climate and increase student motivation and achievement. Obstacles such as limited facilities and diversity of student characters can be overcome through a democratic approach, teacher training, and collaboration with parents. Integration of character values in PPK through class agreements and teacher role models also strengthens student character formation. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of synergy between classroom arrangements, classroom management, and PPK to create a holistic and effective learning environment.

Phlegmon is a serious infection affecting the maxillofacial area. Cases of phlegmon cause more than 50% mortality before the development of antibiotics, and 90% are due to acute infection of molar teeth. Examination of cervical vertebrae can help the diagnosis by using AP Axial, Lateral, right posterior oblique (RPO)/left posterior oblique (LPO) projections of 15º-20º cephalad, and right anterior oblique (RAO)/left anterior oblique (LAO) 15º-20º caudad while in the Radiology Installation of Yogyakarta City Hospital, using AP Axial projection 15º cephalad, Lateral and oblique (RPO and LPO) with perpendicular beam direction without other modalities such as MRI and CT Scan. This study aims to further examine radiographic examination procedures and projections of RPO and LPO with perpendicular ray directions. This type of research is qualitative with a case study approach at the Radiology Installation of Yogyakarta City Hospital from September 2024 to May 2025. Data were collected by observation, documentation and interviews with 3 radiographers and 1 radiology specialist. Data analysis was done by data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed 3-position photographs to evaluate the overall condition of the cervical vertebrae and surrounding tissues. RPO and LPO projections are not angled according to the applicable SOP and have no significant effect, because the main focus of phlegmon is soft tissue evaluation and is not related to the evaluation of nerve abnormalities in the intervertebral foramen. However, for phlegmon cases with serious severity, other modalities such as MRI, CT scan or ultrasound should be added in order to detect soft tissue and the cause of phlegmon for further action.

Notaris sebagai pejabat publik memiliki wewenang membuat akta otentik sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2014 yang mengubah UU Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 tentang Jabatan Notaris. Akta otentik tersebut memiliki kekuatan pembuktian sempurna. Dalam menjalankan tugasnya, notaris kerap menghadapi masalah hukum, termasuk terlibat dalam perkara pidana sebagai saksi maupun tersangka. Oleh karena itu, perlindungan hukum terhadap notaris sebagai pejabat publik yang menjalankan tugas berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan sangat diperlukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk perlindungan hukum pidana yang dapat diberikan kepada notaris dalam menjalankan kewenangannya serta memahami prosedur penggunaan hak tolak (recht van weigering) dalam proses hukum pidana. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan normatif dengan studi kepustakaan terhadap regulasi terkait seperti UU Notaris dan KUHAP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum pidana terhadap notaris dapat dilakukan melalui mekanisme sesuai peraturan yang berlaku. Perlindungan ini terbagi dalam tiga aspek utama, yakni perlindungan preventif, represif, dan rehabilitatif. Selain itu, hak tolak merupakan instrumen penting yang melekat pada posisi notaris sebagai bentuk perlindungan terhadap kerahasiaan jabatan. Penggunaan hak tolak dalam proses pidana harus melalui prosedur tertentu yang melibatkan Dewan Kehormatan Notaris sesuai dengan Pasal 66 UU Notaris dan aturan pelaksanaannya. Dengan adanya perlindungan hukum yang jelas serta prosedur penggunaan hak tolak yang tepat, notaris diharapkan dapat menjalankan tugasnya dengan aman, profesional, serta menjaga integritas dan kerahasiaan dalam pelayanan hukum kepada masyarakat.

Pancawaskita Counseling is an eclectic approach in guidance and counseling aimed at understanding and assisting individuals by integrating five key factors: Pancasila, Pancadaya, Lirahid (five life domains), Likuladu (five external forces), and Masidu (five internal conditions of individuals). This approach is designed to address challenges in counseling services within a multicultural environment like Indonesia, which is characterized by cultural and social diversity. The techniques used in Pancawaskita Counseling include client acceptance, reflection of content and feelings, as well as specific methods such as lifestyle analysis and role-playing. This study employs a literature review method, which involves collecting data from various reliable sources, reading, taking notes, and analyzing information using a descriptive approach. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the concepts, techniques, and procedures in Pancawaskita Counseling and to evaluate its strengths and weaknesses. The findings indicate that Pancawaskita Counseling offers flexibility in adapting counseling methods to clients' needs. However, its application remains limited due to a lack of understanding and minimal development in the field.

Penelitian ini berjudul "Analisis Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga sebagai Alasan Yuridis Cerai Gugat (Studi Kasus di Pengadilan Agama Kwandang)". Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis implementasi ketentuan hukum terkait kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) sebagai dasar cerai gugat, serta mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor penyebab perceraian yang menjadi alasan yuridis di Pengadilan Agama Kwandang. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris (socio-legal research), yaitu dengan menelaah peraturan perundang-undangan dan penerapannya di masyarakat melalui studi putusan pengadilan dan wawancara dengan hakim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KDRT merupakan alasan sah untuk cerai gugat dan memiliki dasar hukum yang kuat. Ketentuan perundang-undangan secara komprehensif telah mengatur KDRT sebagai alasan gugatan cerai. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan harmonisasi regulasi antara UU Perkawinan, PP No. 9 Tahun 1975, UU PKDRT, dan KHI guna memberikan kepastian hukum yang lebih jelas. Selain itu, diperlukan layanan pendampingan psikologis dan hukum bagi korban KDRT serta prosedur khusus yang lebih cepat dan sederhana dalam menangani perkara cerai karena KDRT agar perlindungan terhadap korban menjadi lebih efektif.  

The purpose of this journal is because there are still many kindergartens/RAs that do not fully understand the management of learning environments. This paper aims to understand and describe the findings of observations conducted at RA An-Nur Babalan regarding the management system of learning environments. Based on the findings of the study, RA An-Nur Babalan has successfully implemented a learning environment system. The stages of this research are descriptive qualitative research, where researchers try to describe and explain the object of research according to existing knowledge. The methods used in this study are observation and interviews. The data that has been collected is then analyzed through several steps, namely data collection, data reduction, data analysis, and conclusions. The findings of this study indicate that RA An-Nur Babalan can create a learning environment that involves students (invites them into the classroom), encourages them to be independent, and has implemented the process of using the learning environment, as well as applying several principles of the learning environment. This study can be used to support the idea that the learning process, which includes teaching students about their social, emotional, and intellectual environments, has a general purpose of providing a means for them to engage in various activities.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi secara empiris upaya optimalisasi kinerja karyawan melalui penerapan digitalisasi, budaya organisasi, serta kecerdasan intelektual, dengan studi kasus pada karyawan PT Bank Central Asia Tbk (BCA) Kantor Cabang Utama (KCU) Pemuda Semarang. Populasi dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas seluruh karyawan BCA KCU Pemuda Semarang pada tahun 2022, yang berjumlah 63 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sensus, di mana seluruh populasi dijadikan sebagai sampel penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 21. Prosedur analisis meliputi uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, pengujian asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linier berganda, serta pengujian hipotesis melalui uji t dan koefisien determinasi (R²). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel independen, yaitu digitalisasi, budaya organisasi, dan kecerdasan intelektual, memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,785 menunjukkan bahwa ketiga variabel tersebut mampu menjelaskan 78,5% variasi dalam kinerja karyawan, sementara 21,5% sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak dimasukkan dalam model penelitian ini.

 This research is motivated by the problem of customer receivables that are delayed in payment, so that an accounting information system is needed as a means of control to ensure that the collection procedure runs effectively and efficiently. Using a qualitative descriptive method with observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the Indihome and Indibiz collection procedures by the Billing and Payment Collection unit are in accordance with the company's SOP.

In his research, the author focuses on three problem formulations, (1). What are the indicators used in evaluating the success of da'wah activities? (2). To what extent does the application of da'wah activity evaluation contribute to improving the quality of da'wah? (3). What are the supporting and inhibiting factors in the process of evaluating da'wah activities? This study uses qualitative research, namely research that aims to gain a deep understanding of (Implementation of Da'wah Activity Evaluation Aimed at Improving the Quality of Da'wah) Data collection techniques used in this study include: interviews, observations, and documentation. While the data analysis used is by using qualitative descriptive analysis using inductive techniques, namely data mining in the field, then data reduction and data presentation are carried out, then conclusions are drawn. The results of the study show that: Evaluation in da'wah communication provides an understanding that preachers (D'ai) need to assess and evaluate the communication process carried out. This aims to improve and increase the effectiveness of da'wah. Evaluation of da'wah activities is an important tool for improving the quality of da'wah communication. By conducting systematic evaluations, preachers can identify strengths and weaknesses in their approach, and adjust strategies to achieve better results in the future. Implementing effective evaluation and showing how evaluation can improve the overall success of the da'wah program.

Berdasarkan Nota Kesepahaman Bersama Nomor 131/KMA/SKB/X/2012 antara Mahkamah Agung, Kepolisian Republik Indonesia, Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia beserta Kementerian Hukum dan HAM Republik Indonesia tentang Penetapan Ulang Kriteria Pelanggaran Ringan dan Besaran Denda, Prosedur Pemeriksaan Cepat dan Penerapan Sistem Keadilan Restoratif serta Aturan yang ditetapkan oleh Kepolisian Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 2021 tentang Pengelolaan Pelanggaran Pidana Dengan Pendekatan Keadilan Restoratif. Perihal mengenai beberapa tindak pidana tertentu, dapat diselesaikan melalui keadilan restoratif. Pelaksanaan keadilan restoratif telah diupayakan dalam kasus pembuangan bayi di Polsek Ngaliyan Kota Semarang. Topik yang diperhatikan dalam riset ini adalah bagaimana penerapan keadilan restoratif terhadap pelaku tindak pidana pembuangan bayi dan bagaimana tinjauan yuridis terhadap penerapan keadilan restoratif di Polsek Ngaliyan Kota Semarang. Pendekatan yuridis normatif diterapkan dalam penelitian ini. Kumpulan data sekunder akan digunakan untuk mendukung temuan-temuan yang ditunjang dengan wawancara oleh Polisi Polsek Ngaliyan yang berpengalaman dalam melaksanakan keadilan restoratif. Temuan penelitian yang didapat, menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan keadilan restoratif terhadap pelaku tindak pidana pembuangan bayi telah direalisasikan selaras dengan Peraturan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 2021 tentang Pengelolaan Pelanggaran Pidana Dengan Pendekatan Keadilan Restoratif. Namun, Peraturan Kepolisian tersebut tidak sejalan dengan implementasi Nota Kesepahaman antara Mahkamah Agung, Kepolisian Republik Indonesia, Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia beserta Kementerian Hukum dan HAM Republik Indonesia yang telah turut menandatangani. Polisi Polsek Ngaliyan telah berupaya menegakkan keadilan dengan mengikutsertakan keluarga pelaku untuk mengupayakan pemulihan yang baik dan damai dengan tujuan agar kelangsungan hidup bayi pada akhirnya dapat dipastikan dan pelaku tindak pidana pembuangan bayi ini mendapatkan arahan yang tepat untuk mengembangkan perilaku dan karakter yang baik secara berkesinambungan. Pelaksanaan keadilan restoratif ini turut mengundang perwakilan dari masyarakat Kecamatan Ngaliyan dengan mengutamakan diskusi secara kekeluargaan untuk bersama-sama mencari penyelesaian yang adil melalui perdamaian terhadap perkara tindak pidana pembuangan bayi tersebut.Kata kunci : Keadilan Restoratif, Tindak Pidana Pembuangan Bayi, Peraturan Kepolisian Nomor 8 Tahun 2021.

This paper discusses the procedures for MT ship permit transfer documents. Southen Koala from Special Pier PT. Sari Dumai Oleo towards PT Special Pier. Sari Dumai Sejati at the Class I Dumai Harbormaster and Port Authority Office by PT. Bahari Eka Nusantara Dumai Branch. The methods used in this research are the field method (field research) and the library method (library research). Based on the research results above, it can be concluded that the MT ship Shifting Permit Document Procedure. South Koala from PT special pier. Sari Dumai Oleo towards PT special pier. Sari Dumai Sejati at the Class I Dumai Harbormaster and Port Authority Office by PT. Bahari Eka Nusantara Dumai Branch, is a complex process and involves various parties. This process starts from submitting documents, verification, to implementation permits in the field. The ship movement permit process must comply with the regulations and procedures of PT. Bahari Eka Nusantara ensures the Dumai Branch for safety and smooth operations.    

OSCE is an exam with an assessment based on the skills (performance) observed when performing various clinical skills. The OSCE procedure is more emphasized on clinical skills that must be mastered by students to take action on their patients. However, unfortunately OSCE is a high enough stressor in causing anxiety. The OSCE has more stressors than other types of exams. This happens because of the large amount of material that must be mastered and the limited duration of the exam. In addition, the atmosphere during the exam, such as the examiner observing the students directly, causes anxiety. Anxiety that arose during the OSCE exam in medical students turned out to have a significant effect. However, there are not many studies that delve deeply into what causes it. So that the solution related to the problem of anxiety cannot be carried out optimally. The objective of this study was to explore the causes and ways to overcome anxiety in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatra Utara during the OSCE. This research was conducted from January-July 2022. It was quantitative research with cross-sectional data collection. The research sample was students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatra Utara, Class of 2019 (n = 200). Anxiety assessment was determined using the Hamilton Rating Scale For Anxiety (HARS) questionnaire, and researchers develop a questionnaire to evaluate the factors that influence students’ anxiety and coping mechanism. A total of 197 out of 200 respondents (98.5%) had anxiety while attending the OSCE. Anxiety was dominated by a mild level of anxiety, about 86 people (43.0%). External factors affect 118 people (59%) and are the factors that dominate the causes of anxiety for students that took part in OSCE. The biggest etiology of anxiety for students who took part in OSCE is the processing time as many as 42 people (21%), too many materials 41 people (20.5%), not focusing/forgetting as many as 39 people (19.5%). OSCE merupakan ujian dengan penilaian berdasarkan keterampilan (performa) yang diobservasi saat melakukan berbagai keterampilan klinik. Prosedur OSCE lebih ditekankan pada keterampilan klinis yang harus dikuasai oleh mahasiswa untuk melakukan tindakan terhadap pasiennya. Namun, sayangnya OSCE merupakan stressor yang cukup tinggi dalam menimbulkan kecemasan. OSCE memiliki stressor yang lebih dibandingkan dengan jenis ujian lainnya. Hal tersebut terjadi karena banyaknya materi yang harus dikuasai serta sempitnya durasi waktu ujian. Selain itu suasana saat ujian, seperti adanya penguji yang mengamati mahasiswa secara langsung, menyebabkan timbulnya kecemasan. Kecemasan yang muncul saat ujian OSCE pada mahasiswa kedokteran ternyata menimbulkan efek yang signifikan. Namun tidak banyak penelitian yang menggali secara mendalam mengenai apa penyebabnya, sehingga solusi terkait permasalahan kecemasan tersebut tidak dapat dilakukan secara maksimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab dan cara mengatasi kecemasan pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara pada saat OSCE. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-Juli 2022 dan merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pengambilan data secara cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara Angkatan 2019 (n = 200). Penilaian kecemasan ditentukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner Hamilton Rating Scale For Anxiety (HARS) dan kuesioner yang disusun utnuk menilai faktor penyebab dan cara mengatasi kecemasan. Sebanyak 197 dari 200 responden (98,5%) memiliki kecemasan saat mengikuti OSCE. Kecemasan didominasi dengan tingkat kecemasan ringan yaitu 86 orang (43,0%). Faktor eksternal mempengaruhi 118 orang (59%) dan merupakan faktor yang mendominasi penyebab kecemasan mahasiswa yang mengikuti OSCE. Penyebab terbanyak kecemasan mahasiswa yang mengikuti OSCE adalah waktu pengerjaan sebanyak 42 orang (21%), materi ujian terlalu banyak 41 orang (20,5%), tidak ocus/lupa sebanyak 39 orang (19,5%).  

In facing the changes that occur, companies have difficulty following new regulations because of differences with previous regulations. Companies must be able to optimize functions in all parts of the company organization in order to maintain long-term competitiveness and achieve sustainable success. These rules are formed in standard operational procedures which contain operational procedures to ensure consistency, efficiency, minimize errors and safety in every work activity in the company so that it can run effectively and efficiently. This research aims to know the procedures for creating a Work Procedure System at PT Kilang Pertamina International Refinery Unit V Balikpapan and to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in the procedure for creating a Work Procedure System. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The technique used in this research involved conducting interviews, observation and documentation supported by 2 informants. Based on the results of this research, the procedure for creating a Work System at PT Kilang Pertamina International Refinery Unit V Balikpapan consist of eight structured stages, starting from preparation to the implementation below 1%. The suggestions provided to maximize performance emphasize the importance of effective communication and management commitment to overcoming obstacles in the creation of the Work System at PT Kilang Pertamina International Refinery Unit V Balikpapan.

This study aims to determine the description of the incoming mail management procedure in the General and Personnel section at the post office. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative, namely the author describes the results of observations, interviews, documentation and analyzes data obtained in the field. The results of the study indicate that the process of managing incoming mail in the general and personnel section, namely incoming mail starts from receiving letters, directing letters, delivering incoming letters, processing letters, storing letters. The letter management procedure at the post office runs optimally.

This study aims to determine the description of the incoming mail management procedure in the General and Personnel section at the post office. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative, namely the author describes the results of observations, interviews, documentation and analyzes data obtained in the field. The results of the study indicate that the process of managing incoming mail in the general and personnel section, namely incoming mail starts from receiving letters, directing letters, delivering incoming letters, processing letters, storing letters. The letter management procedure at the post office runs optimally.

This paper aims to determine the system and procedures for ship and goods service activities at PT. Pelayaran Berkat Usaha Mandiri Panjang Lampung at Panjang Port, Bandar Lampung. The management of the ship is managed by agencies in the port environment. Not only that, operational agents are also required to understand the workflow of the Inaportnet application so that ship operational activities are completed on time. The author uses several methods such as; observation method, interview method, documentation method, and the existence of research files. Based on the results of the observations, the author can conclude that the System and Procedures for Ship and Goods Service Operations at PT. Pelayaran Berkat Usaha Mandiri acts as an agent who is responsible for serving agency ships since the ship will arrive, namely including the clearance in process using the Inaportnet system application, in addition, the agent also takes ship documents and continues with the clearance out process until the ship will leave the port to go to the next port. In order to facilitate operational activities, supporting documents are needed for the clearance in and clearance out processes of the ship.

Teachers are the most important component in the learning process in education. However, many students are not interested and bored during the learning process; some even fall asleep after being promised something. Students' ability to understand learning materials is influenced by various internal and environmental variables. Helping students in learning will have a negative impact on their development and quality of life in the future if not managed properly by parents and teachers. Therefore, parents, schools, and instructors all contribute to helping children overcome their challenges. Teachers have an important influence in the lives of their students. Thus, this diagnostic seeks to identify the root causes of students' learning challenges and identify solutions. This study aims to (1) identify factors that cause learning difficulties, (2) identify procedures and techniques for analyzing learning difficulties diagnosis, (3) determine the location of students' learning challenges or problems, and (4) help students who experience learning difficulties. Data collection was carried out using two techniques, namely observation of the teaching and learning process (PBM) and the student environment, as well as interviews with parents and instructors. According to the results of the study, students were less enthusiastic about learning because they were less interested and even tended to be lazy. Some students dislike some subjects because of their inability to understand certain elements. Therefore, such students rarely complete the assignments given and almost never take notes on certain lesson topics. Furthermore, the lack of interest in learning for some students can also be caused by their inability to understand the information that the instructor is trying to convey. This is caused by the failure of teachers to provide detailed examples of how to solve problems, and some teachers even fail to include examples when explaining the lesson content.

Fiduciary collateral as a type of collateral gives the rights of executorial to creditors to do parate execution on the object of fiduciary collateral when a debtor defaults. In practice, however, collateral misuses this right illegally. This becomes the basics for Judicial Review agains Article 15, paraghraphs 2 and 3 of Law No. 42/1999, and the Constitutional Court issued the Ruling No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019. Therefore in this thesis the formulation of the problem raised is first, when a debtor is considered to have committed an act of default, and secondly, it delves into the creditor's execution procedure and the ratio decidendi related to Constitutional Court Decision No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019. The research use descriptive juridicial normative method. The data were gathered by conducting library research. The result of the analysis shows that Ruling does not impede the right of executing by creditors so that it is in accordance with the executorial right in fiduciary collateral. So, there are two possible ways for a debtor to be declared in default: firstly, the agreement of default is stipulated during the main agreement and the initial fiduciary collateral agreement. Secondly, the default is determined by the district court in order to execute the fiduciary collateral object.

This study analyzes the procedures for employee payroll documentation and data transfer at PT PLN Nusantara Power Services to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of human resource (HR) administration. Using a descriptive qualitative method, data were collected through library and field research. The findings indicate that digitalizing HR administration improves operational efficiency, transparency, and compliance with regulations. Digital transformation also minimizes errors and supports data risk management. The author's internship experience highlights the importance of responsibility and accuracy in data management to meet professional standards. This research contributes to the development of technology-based administrative systems in the energy sector.  

Semantik merupakan ilmu tentang makna bahasa. Dalam hal ini, perubahan makna meluas yang berkaitan dengan penggunaan kata. Perubahan makna meluas merupakan perubahan yang terjadi pada sebuah kata yang tidak hanya memiliki satu makna. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh bahasa yang bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dalam berkomunikasi. Masalah yang dibahas adalah bentuk perubahan makna meluas (generalisasi) pada novel What So Wrong About Your Self Healing karya Ardhi Mohamad. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui, mendeskripsikan bentuk perubahan makna meluas yang terdapat di dalam novel. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian ini berupa kata dalam kalimat yang mengalami perubahan makna secara meluas. Sumber data pada penelitian ini adalah What So Wrong About Your Self Healing karya Ardhi Mohamad. Prosedur pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini melalui teknik baca dan catat. Selanjutnya, teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan empat tahap yakni pengumpulan data, reduksi data (tahap dari teknik analisis data), penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan (verifikasi). Hasil analisis data menunjukkan adanya kata yang mengalami perubahan makna secara meluas pada What So Wrong About Your Self Healing karya Ardhi Mohamad. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan, ditemukan 10 bentuk perubahan makna meluas (generalisasi) pada novel What So Wrong About Your Self Healing Karya Ardhi Mohamad.