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The state has a mandate to guarantee citizens' freedom of expression by protecting symbolic representations in public spaces. However, legal construction in Indonesia tends to use the law as a tool to limit visual interpretation, including popular cultural symbols such as the One Piece flag. This study aims to explain two main aspects of the mechanism of symbol criminalization: the state's construction of symbols as threats without any basis in actual violations, and the political use of fear through the production of imaginary enemies. The research method employed a qualitative approach with a conceptual approach. The results show that the state's interpretation of visual symbols rests not on the legality of the action, but on controlling the potential meanings that develop outside the official narrative. Within this construction, the law operates as a filtering mechanism for forms of articulation deemed inconsistent with the state's ideological interests. This strategy shifts the focus from concrete violations to the surveillance of social imagination. Thus, the criminalization of symbols occurs not because of their factual content, but because they open up pathways of solidarity that cannot be institutionally controlled. A critical criminological approach demonstrates that the state uses the law to enforce symbolic domination through techniques of controlling meaning within a democratic regime that formally promises freedom of expression.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Human Resource Management and Good Manufacturing Practices on Improving Production Hygiene, with the research focused on employees of Bakpia Kukus Tugu Jogja. The problems that often occur are the ineffectiveness of implementing hygiene standards and weaknesses in the human resource management system which are the important basis for conducting this research. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method by distributing questionnaires to 102 respondents who are employees of Bakpia Kukus Tugu Jogja in the production and quality control divisions. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS software version 25.

This study aimend to examine the influence of environmental, environmental costs, and enviromental disclosure on profitability in pharmaceutical sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This research employed a quantitative method with purposive sampling techniques. The study used a sample of 11 companies that met the predetermined criteria. The source of data used in this research was secondary data obtained from documents accessed through the official website of the indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) at www.idx.co.id. The analytical method applied was multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicated that environmental performance (X1) had a negative and significant relationship between PROPER and ROA, environmental costs (X2) had a negative and significant relationship with ROA, and environmental disclosure (X3) had a negative but insignificant relationship with ROA

Noise is a physical hazard in the work environment that caan reduce hearing loss, especially in the rubber processing industry. The research aims to describe the noise level and control efforts in the production area of PT. Karet XYZ Palembang City in 2025. This study uses a descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach.  Data were collected through direct noise level measurements using sound level meters at wet and dry production areas by taking 8 measurements and questionnaires on 75 selected purposive sampling workers.  Data analysis was carried out univariately. It shows that most of the measurement points have a noise level above the threshold value of 85 dBA in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 70 of 2016. The highest values were recorded in the Hummer Mill engine (89,76 dBA) and the Cooling Tunnel (89,70 dBA). All respondents were exposed to noise for ≥8 hours/day. Noise control has been carried out with administrative techniques and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) but has not been fully effective from the complaints of 7 workers regarding suboptimal protection. The noise level at PT. Karet XYZ and duration of exposure exceeding threshold values that increase the risk to workers health. It is necessary to increase the effectiveness of noise control with a technical, administrative approach and monitoring the optimal use of personal protective equipment (PPE).

This research discusses the effect of coconut dregs compost (Cocos nucifera L.) on the growth and yield of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivated using polybag media. This research is motivated by the importance of utilizing organic waste, especially coconut dregs, which has not been utilized optimally. Coconut dregs contain organic materials and nutrients that have the potential to increase soil fertility and improve the structure of the planting medium, so it is expected to support the vegetative and generative growth of tomato plants. The research design used was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with six treatments and four replications. The treatments given were different doses of coconut dregs compost, namely P0 (control without compost), P1 (100 g/polybag), P2 (200 g/polybag), P3 (300 g/polybag), P4 (400 g/polybag), and P5 (500 g/polybag). The parameters observed included plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight, number of fruits per plant, root length, and estimated yield per hectare. The results showed that the application of coconut pulp compost significantly affected several growth parameters, such as plant height, stem diameter, and fresh weight. However, no significant effect was found on the number of fruits per plant or yield per hectare. The most prominent response was seen in the root length parameter, which showed a significant increase with increasing compost dosage. From the observations, the best treatment was at a dosage of 300 g/polybag (P3), which provided an optimal balance between vegetative growth and potential generative yield.

The research project is titled Production Potential of Bitter Melons (Momordica charantia L.) Using POC Azolla and AB Mix on the Deep Flow Technique (DFT) System was carried out in Bungin, North Makale District, Tana Toraja Regency from May to August 2025. This study aims to determine the economic potential of bitter melon plants by providing AB Mix and POC Azolla nutrients in hydroponic methods and analyze the best influence of these nutrient combinations on the growth and production of bitter melon plants. The research method used was a Group Random Design (RAK) with four treatments, namely 100% AB Mix, AB Mix 80% + POC Azolla 20%, AB Mix 70% + POC Azolla 30%, and AB Mix 60% + POC Azolla 40%. The results of the study showed that P1 treatment (AB Mix 80% + POC Azolla 20%) had the best influence on the vegetative and generative growth of bitter melon plants. This treatment results in a higher average plant height, leaf count, and fruit weight than other treatments. This proves that the combination of Azolla liquid organic fertilizer (POC) with AB Mix is able to provide a balance of nutrients that support photosynthesis, tissue formation, and fruit quality. In addition, the application of the DFT hydroponic system has been proven to increase the efficiency of water and fertilizer use, reduce the risk of soil pest attacks, and produce more hygienic bitter melon products. These findings show that hydroponic cultivation innovation with the use of POC Azolla can be a sustainable solution in supporting food security while being environmentally friendly. Thus, this research makes an important contribution to the development of modern agricultural technology, especially in optimizing the production of vegetables with high economic value.

The creative industry in Indonesia, particularly the film, animation, and video subsector, is increasingly recognized as an important pillar of national development due to its contribution to economic growth, cultural promotion, and the expansion of creative networks. However, local film communities such as the Bulusari Film Village in Ungaran still face various obstacles, particularly limitations in screenwriting, production, and promotion skills. This study aims to describe the participatory-based mentoring process in strengthening the creative capacity of the community through training in screenwriting and short film production. The methods used are Participatory Community Appraisal (PCA) and Community Partnership Program (CPP), with stages including preparation, socialization, training implementation, and collaborative evaluation. The results of this activity show a significant increase in the skills of community members as demonstrated by differences in pre-test and post-test scores and the success of producing short films based on local culture. In addition, this program has succeeded in strengthening internal collaboration, increasing solidarity, and expanding the promotional reach of works through social media and local events. The academic contribution of this activity lies in the development of a participatory-based film community mentoring model, while its practical contribution is the empowerment of the community as both a culture and a creative economy actor. This program also has implications for strengthening the creative industry ecosystem while supporting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Moreover, the program has strengthened internal collaboration, enhanced solidarity among community members, and expanded the visibility of their work through social media and local events. This initiative not only provides academic value by developing a participatory-based mentoring model for film communities but also contributes practically by empowering the community as both cultural and creative economy stakeholders.

Masalah pengelolaan sampah di Kota Semarang  semakin meningkat menuntut adanya solusi berbasis masyarakat.  Progran Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat berbasis kemitraan  bertujuan mengoptimalkan peran Bank Sampah Adi Dharma RW 06 Kelurahan Sendangguwo dalam mengolah sampah anorganik menjadi kerajinan bernilai ekonomi. Metode yang digunakan adalah Participatory Action Research melalui tahapan sosialisasi, pelatihan produksi, pendampingan, serta penguatan manajemen usaha dan pemasaran digital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat melalui aplikasi SampahKu, efisiensi produksi yang lebih tinggi dengan penerapan teknologi tepat guna, serta diversifikasi produk kerajinan yang semakin beragam. Program ini juga mendorong terbentuknya modal sosial, perubahan perilaku warga terhadap sampah, serta penurunan volume sampah yang dibuang ke TPA. Secara keseluruhan, hasil ini membuktikan bahwa integrasi Ipteks  mampu mendorong transformasi sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan secara berkelanjutan di tingkat komunitas.

Permasalahan sampah di Kota Semarang semakin mendesak dengan produksi harian mencapai 1.200 ton. Penelitian pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan kapasitas Bank Sampah Maju Lestari dalam pengelolaan sampah anorganik melalui pelatihan daur ulang, pengembangan desain produk, manajemen usaha, pemasaran digital, dan penggunaan teknologi tepat guna. Metode pelaksanaan menggunakan pendekatan partisipatif dengan tahapan sosialisasi, pelatihan, penerapan teknologi, pendampingan, dan evaluasi berkelanjutan. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan peningkatan kualitas produk, efisiensi pengelolaan sampah, partisipasi aktif masyarakat, pembentukan local leader, dan kesadaran baru terhadap pengelolaan sampah sebagai sumber ekonomi. Program ini berhasil memperkuat struktur organisasi, mengembangkan unit usaha berkelanjutan, serta mendorong transformasi sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan di Kampung Lestari.

Program pengabdian masyarakat dengan tema Diversifikasi  Olahan Bandeng Tanpa Limbah menjadi Nuget dan Stik untuk Meningkatkan Nilai Ekonomis Bandeng telah dilakukan di Kelompok Tani Tunas Harapan Kelurahan Mangkang Wetan Kota Semarang bulan Juli 2025 - Agustus 2025. Program ini bertujuan meningkatkan nilai ekonomis bandeng yang merupakan komoditas utama tambak Masyarakat Mangkang Wetan. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi meliputi rendahnya diversifikasi produk dan tingginya limbah produksi. Limbah produksi yang berupa kepala, kulit dan tulang ikan bandeng masih  dapat dioptimalkan untuk dimanfaatkan. Kegiatan pelatihan menggunakan pendekatan edukatif dan partisipatif  meliputi pelatihan pembuatan nuget, pelatihan pembuatan stik tulang bandeng, pelatihan menghitung harga pokok produksi dan menentukan harga jual. Hasilnya diversifikasi olahan bandeng menjadi nuget dan stik dapat meningkatkan nilai ekonomis bandeng dan mitra mampu mengolah bandeng tanpa menimbulkan limbah.

Breast milk (ASI) is the primary and natural food for newborns, providing the necessary energy and nutrients from birth to six months of life, promoting optimal growth and development. However, according to information obtained, about 30% of mothers face challenges in breastfeeding, particularly during the first few days after delivery. To address this issue, interventions such as breast care and oxytocin massage can stimulate breast milk production and prevent issues like mastitis. Oxytocin massage helps stimulate the milk ejection reflex, while breast care ensures the cleanliness of the breasts, making it easier for the baby to latch. The aim of this community service activity is to enhance mothers' knowledge through an educational program focused on oxytocin massage and breast care to improve milk production in postpartum mothers. The method used for this activity is an interactive educational session using tools like PowerPoint and leaflets, followed by a Q&A session and discussion. The evaluation was conducted through oral questioning, as well as by observing participants' enthusiasm during the session. The expected outcome of this activity is to provide mothers with practical knowledge and skills on breast care and stimulating breast milk production, ultimately supporting successful exclusive breastfeeding.

This community service program aims to empower UMKM Keripik Wulan 008 in Panimbang Jaya Village through a series of activities focusing on business capacity enhancement. The program was initiated to address challenges faced by the business, such as limited product innovation, lack of branding, insufficient digital marketing strategies, and suboptimal financial management. To overcome these issues, the program adopted a participatory approach consisting of several stages: field observation to identify core problems, training sessions to improve knowledge, workshops for practical application, and direct mentoring to ensure implementation. Key activities included product innovation by introducing new flavor variants and designing more attractive packaging, strengthening brand identity through the creation of professional logos and labels, and expanding marketing reach via social media and marketplace platforms. Additionally, Excel-based financial recording training was provided to simplify cash flow monitoring and basic financial reporting. The team also assisted in preparing a proposal for production equipment support to increase production capacity. Evaluation results demonstrated significant improvements in product quality, stronger brand identity, and more modern and effective marketing strategies. Overall, this program has proven to be effective in enhancing the competitiveness of UMKM Keripik Wulan 008 and is expected to serve as a sustainable empowerment model for small businesses, thereby contributing to local economic development.

Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dan kapasitas peternak sapi di Kecamatan Musuk, Boyolali, melalui penerapan teknologi pencacah hijauan dan teknik fermentasi silase. Program dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan partisipatif yang melibatkan 15 peternak anggota Slamet Jaya Farm selama delapan bulan. Kegiatan meliputi perancangan dan pembuatan mesin pencacah sederhana, pelatihan teknis, demonstrasi praktik pembuatan silase, serta pendampingan berkelanjutan. Mesin pencacah yang dirancang menggunakan motor 1 HP dengan kapasitas 200 kg/jam terbukti mampu menurunkan waktu pengolahan dan menghasilkan ukuran cacahan hijauan seragam 2–5 cm. Hasil program menunjukkan bahwa 82% peserta berhasil mengoperasikan mesin dan memproduksi silase berkualitas dengan pH optimal 3,8–4,2, sedangkan 71% mulai memanfaatkan limbah pertanian sebagai bahan baku silase. Program ini membuktikan bahwa teknologi tepat guna yang dikombinasikan dengan pelatihan intensif mampu meningkatkan pengelolaan pakan dan mendukung keberlanjutan usaha peternakan sapi lokal.

Job satisfaction is a crucial indicator in achieving optimal employee performance. Satisfied employees tend to be more productive and perform better in their roles. Various factors affect job satisfaction, including career development and work-life balance. Career development provides direction and motivation for employees to reach higher career levels, enhancing their sense of achievement and attachment to their work. Meanwhile, work-life balance plays an essential role in maintaining a balance between work responsibilities and personal life. A good balance helps prevent stress, burnout, and improves overall employee well-being. This study aims to examine the impact of career development and work-life balance on job satisfaction among production employees in the Speaker Department at PT X. The research used a quantitative method with a causal associative approach. Total sampling was applied, involving 71 respondents from the department. Data were collected through direct observation and questionnaires focusing on employees' perceptions of career development and their work-life balance. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 with various statistical tests, including validity, reliability, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, t-tests, f-tests, and the coefficient of determination. The results showed that both career development and work-life balance positively and significantly influence job satisfaction, both partially and simultaneously. These two factors collectively impact the job satisfaction levels of employees in the company. These findings offer strategic insights for human resource management, which can be used to design better policies that support employee satisfaction and performance.

Pertumbuhan ekonomi kreatif di tingkat kota menuntut tersedianya ruang yang mendukung aktivitas produksi, kolaborasi, dan pengembangan komunitas kreatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kebutuhan ruang berdasarkan subsektor ekonomi kreatif dominan di Kota Bogor, dengan fokus pada Bogor Creative Center (BCC) sebagai fasilitas utama. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan pengelola, serta studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subsektor kuliner, musik, dan kriya merupakan sektor dengan komunitas terbanyak dan aktivitas yang paling aktif. Namun, fasilitas ruang yang tersedia belum sepenuhnya mendukung kebutuhan spesifik masing-masing subsektor. Seperti pada ruang workshop kuliner belum tersedia, studio musik belum memenuhi standar akustik dan peredaman suara, dan ruang kriya belum dilengkapi zona kerja yang memadai. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, penelitian ini merekomendasikan desain ruang yang lebih adaptif dan partisipatif, termasuk penyediaan dapur terbuka, studio terinsulasi, serta ruang kriya semi terbuka yang mendukung kegiatan produksi dan edukasi. Penyesuaian desain ruang yang berbasis kebutuhan subsektor diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efektivitas Bogor Creative Center sebagai pusat pengembangan ekonomi kreatif yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan.

Produksi perhiasan emas PT Gemopia Indonesia melibatkan proses bombing, yang membutuhkan keakuratan tinggi untuk memastikan kualitas produk.  Beberapa kelemahan sistem pencatatan yang masih dilakukan secara manual menggunakan Microsoft Excel termasuk keterlambatan laporan, kurangnya keamanan data, dan kesalahan input yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan dan membangun sistem informasi bombing emas berbasis web yang akan mempercepat proses pencatatan, meningkatkan akurasi data, dan memperbaiki alur pelaporan.  Pengembangan sistem ini menggunakan metode Waterfall, yang mencakup tahapan analisis kebutuhan, perancangan sistem menggunakan UML, pengembangan dengan framework Laravel dan database MySQL, dan pengujian dengan metode black box. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh fungsi sistem berjalan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna, dengan fitur seperti perhitungan otomatis, hak akses pengguna bertingkat, verifikasi dan koreksi data produksi, dan pembuatan laporan dalam format PDF. Sistem mampu menerima input, memproses data , dan menghasilkan output yang tepat dan sesuai dengan spesifikasi.Oleh karena itu, sistem ini dinyatakan layak untuk diimplementasikan secara penuh dalam rangka mendukung efisiensi dan transparansi pelaporan produksi di PT Gemopia Indonesia.

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan oleh Sub Kelompok 2 Mahasiswa KKN UNTAG Surabaya R16 Tahun 2025 di Desa Padusan, Kecamatan Pacet, Kabupaten Mojokerto. Program ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi produksi dan menjaga konsistensi adonan pada usaha kue rumahan milik Ibu Sri melalui inovasi Teknologi Tepat Guna (TTG). Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi mitra adalah proses pengadukan adonan yang masih dilakukan secara manual dengan mixer genggam, sehingga memakan waktu dan tenaga serta menghasilkan adonan yang tidak merata. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah pembuatan mesin pengaduk adonan otomatis yang dirancang sederhana namun fungsional, dilengkapi pengatur kecepatan, pengatur ketinggian, dan pisau pengaduk yang dapat disesuaikan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan mesin ini mampu mempercepat proses produksi, mengurangi beban kerja, serta menghasilkan adonan dengan tekstur yang lebih konsisten, terutama pada produk andalan kue klemben. Program ini diharapkan dapat memperkuat daya saing UMKM dan mendorong semangat kewirausahaan masyarakat desa melalui penerapan teknologi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan lokal.

Plastic waste, particularly High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE), poses a serious threat to the environment due to its extremely long decomposition time. One effective recycling method is the extrusion process, in which process parameters such as nozzle diameter and heating temperature significantly affect the production rate and the quality of the resulting filament. This study aims to analyze the effect of nozzle diameter and heating temperature on the production rate and diameter uniformity of recycled HDPE plastic filament. The method used is an experimental approach with a quantitative design, utilizing a single-screw type extruder machine. The tested parameter variations include two nozzle diameters (1.75 mm and 2.85 mm) and three temperature levels (200°C, 240°C, and 280°C). The results of the analysis, using factorial ANOVA and control charts, show that both parameters significantly influence production performance. The highest production rate, approximately ±1.0 kg/hour, was achieved with the 2.85 mm nozzle and 280°C temperature combination, while the combination of the 1.75 mm nozzle and 200°C temperature produced the most consistent filament diameter and the best quality, with a resulting diameter of 2.84 mm, which is very close to the target of 2.85 mm. Higher temperatures increase flow rate due to decreased viscosity, but also carry the risk of thermal degradation. This study provides practical guidelines for optimizing the HDPE recycling process through extrusion.

Produksi padi di Indonesia, termasuk Kabupaten Sidoarjo, menghadapi berbagai tantangan seperti alih fungsi lahan, perubahan iklim, dan keterbatasan infrastruktur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan potensi produksi padi secara spasial di Kabupaten Sidoarjo dengan memanfaatkan pendekatan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Metode yang digunakan meliputi analisis spasial untuk menggambarkan sebaran luas baku sawah, tanam, panen, irigasi, dan produktivitas di tingkat kecamatan, serta analisis deskriptif untuk menafsirkan hasil pemetaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wilayah dengan sistem irigasi teknis dan luas baku sawah yang masih terjaga, seperti Kecamatan Tarik, Sukodono, dan Wonoayu, memiliki produktivitas yang relatif tinggi. Pemetaan spasial berbasis SIG terbukti efektif dalam mengidentifikasi wilayah potensial yang mendukung pengelolaan produksi padi secara lebih terarah. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pemanfaatan SIG sebagai alat strategis dalam perencanaan pertanian dan pengambilan kebijakan yang berbasis data spasial untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pangan di Kabupaten Sidoarjo.

The low proportion of Grade A harvest quality in Hokkaido corn farming remains a challenge for horticultural agribusiness practitioners. This study aims to develop an operational strategy based on a managerial evaluation of key production factors to improve technical efficiency and harvest quality. The research was conducted at PT Agricole Indonesia Makmur, Cianjur, using data from 24 planting periods in 2024. Six production input variables were analyzed to identify the most influential factors on yield quantity and quality. The results show that only three variables watering frequency, organic fertilizer, and plant age at harvest consistently contributed significantly to the production of Grade A output. Although these variables are inelastic, they play a critical role in maintaining quality. The proposed strategy includes a 10% increase in harvest quantity and a 30% conversion from Grade B to Grade A. Simulation results indicate an additional 7.67 kg of Grade A yield per planting period, generating a value increase of IDR 239,490. The strategy is considered feasible with a positive Return on Investment (ROI) of 14.04% assuming a Grade A selling price of IDR 35,000/kg.