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The purpose of this study is to understand the process of implementing the baritan tradition in Tawangrejo Village and to identify the social and cultural values contained within the tradition. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that the baritan tradition in Tawangrejo Village is held regularly every year, specifically on the eve of Satu Suro (the first day of the Javanese calendar). The tradition begins after the Maghrib prayer, marked by the local community bringing takir plontang, which are placed in the center as the community forms a circle around them. In addition, the baritan tradition contains both social and cultural values. The social values include compassion, responsibility, and social harmony. Meanwhile, the cultural values include the community’s behavior in relation to nature, interpersonal relationships within the society, and shared beliefs about desirable and undesirable actions.    

The rapid advancement of technology has significantly transformed the way individuals communicate, particularly through social media platforms. These platforms, often referred to as part of cyberspace, have facilitated seamless and widespread interpersonal interaction. Social media has become a space where various forms of social activity are displayed, including the phenomenon of self-presentation or "showing off. This study employs Social Penetration Theory, which elucidates the process through which interpersonal relationships evolve from superficial exchanges to deeper, more intimate levels of communication. Central to this theory is the concept of self-disclosure, which is considered a driving force in the development of personal relationships. A qualitative research methodology was adopted, utilizing a descriptive phenomenological approach to explore lived experiences and the subjective meanings behind them. Data were collected through a combination of observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that the progression of relational depth among individuals on social media is significantly influenced by the degree of self-disclosure. One notable phenomenon observed is the use of secondary Instagram accounts (often referred to as "second accounts" or "finstas"), which serve as private spaces where users feel more comfortable engaging in authentic self-expression and disclosure.

Mobile Legends as one of the online games now also acts as a social media that is popular among Generation Z, especially in the Watampone area. This study aims to understand how interpersonal communication styles develop among players of the game and see how social interactions are formed after playing. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data was obtained through interviews with several active players. The results show that interpersonal communication in the context of playing is not only a means of entertainment, but also a place to strengthen social relations. Mobile Legends is able to fulfill the social and emotional needs of its users, as well as strengthen interpersonal communication skills. This research is expected to provide an overview so that game users can be wiser in playing, and avoid negative impacts that may arise.

This study aims to examine the significance of developing interpersonal intelligence in early childhood as a fundamental basis for supporting their social, emotional, and cognitive growth. Interpersonal intelligence which involves the ability to understand and interact effectively with others plays a vital role in forming positive relationships, promoting cooperation, and resolving conflicts in a healthy way. Through an in-depth literature review, this study explores various strategies and approaches that can be implemented to foster interpersonal intelligence from an early age, such as play based activities, group interactions, and the application of specially designed curricula. The findings show that a warm and supportive environment, interactions that are sensitive to children's needs, and opportunities to interact in meaningful social activities greatly contribute to improving children's interpersonal abilities. Therefore, this study recommends the importance of including strategies for developing interpersonal intelligence in early childhood education programs in order to form individuals who are able to interact socially and emotionally well in the future.

Siometry is a psychological measurement tool used to determine interpersonal relationships in small groups. In the digital era marked by rapid social and technological changes, the effectiveness of siometry needs to be re-examined. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using siometry in identifying group dynamics, especially in the context of modern education and organizations. The method used is a literature study with a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of the study indicate that siometry remains relevant and effective in revealing social structures and individual relational preferences, especially when combined with digital technology such as interactive applications. However, some limitations arise related to bias in perception and interpretation of the results. In conclusion, siometry is still an effective tool for social mapping, with greater potential if integrated with modern technology.

Psychodrama is one of the approaches in group counseling that combines dramatic techniques to explore individual psychological problems. This article aims to examine the role of psychodrama in developing empathy and communication between group members. The method used is a literature study by analyzing various scientific sources related to the practice and effectiveness of psychodrama in the context of group counseling. The results of the study indicate that psychodrama is able to increase empathy through role reversal and exploration of emotions in an interpersonal context. In addition, this technique also strengthens communication skills, such as active listening, expressing feelings assertively, and building healthy relationships between group members. These findings support the importance of integrating psychodrama in group counseling services as a means of developing social and emotional skills, especially among adolescents and young adults.  

This study seeks to identify and prioritize the factors influencing employee job satisfaction at PT. Tirta Perkasa Sejahtera using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The research integrates both literature review and expert judgment to determine factors such as work environment, interpersonal relationships, compensation systems, career development, and work-life balance. AHP was used to analyze pairwise comparison matrices to establish the relative weight of each criterion. The results showed that compensation and career development were the most influential factors, followed by work-life balance, work environment, and interpersonal relationships. The study provides a quantitative basis for management to enhance employee satisfaction and improve organizational performance.

This study aims to analyze the tendency of moving toward people in the main character of the novel Pukul Setengah Lima by Rintik Sedu using Karen Horney’s psychoanalytic theory. The main character exhibits behaviors that reflect a neurotic need for affection, approval, and protection through submissiveness, self-sacrifice, and emotional dependence on others. A descriptive qualitative approach is employed, using content analysis of excerpts from the novel. The findings reveal that the tendency to move toward others serves as a psychological response to social anxiety rooted in unresolved inner conflicts and emotional insecurity from the past. This pattern of unbalanced interpersonal relationships acts as a defense mechanism to gain a sense of safety in social life. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of psychological dynamics in contemporary Indonesian popular literature and enriches the field of literary psychology.

Family counseling is a strategic approach to helping family members overcome various issues that disrupt family harmony and functionality. In the Indonesian context, family counseling cannot be separated from the influence of distinctive local cultural values such as kinship, mutual cooperation (gotong royong), respect for elders, and the strong presence of religious and customary norms. Indonesian culture, which is predominantly collectivist and hierarchical, places the family as the central social institution that shapes individual identity and behavior. Therefore, it is essential for counselors to understand the diverse family structures present in Indonesia, ranging from patriarchal and matrilineal systems (such as in Minangkabau) to more egalitarian modern families. Culturally-based family counseling in Indonesia not only focuses on resolving interpersonal conflicts within the family but also emphasizes the importance of maintaining social harmony and protecting the family’s reputation in the community. In Indonesian society, conflict resolution is often carried out through deliberation (musyawarah) and involves third parties such as community elders, religious leaders, or respected senior family members. This highlights the need for family counselors in Indonesia to possess intercultural competence and a deep understanding of prevailing social norms. Moreover, religiosity plays a significant role in shaping values, attitudes, and decision-making within families. Counseling approaches that neglect the spiritual and cultural dimensions are often perceived as irrelevant or ineffective. Thus, integrating Western psychological theories with local values is crucial for family counseling to be both effective and contextually appropriate. This article explores the importance of culturally grounded family counseling in Indonesia by emphasizing key principles such as local wisdom, togetherness, deliberation, and harmony as the foundation for intervention strategies. By understanding the complexities of Indonesia’s pluralistic culture, family counseling can become a powerful tool to rebuild healthy, sustainable relationships and support the development of a more emotionally and socially harmonious society.  

The study aims to analyze interpersonal communication in the film Photocopier, focusing on trauma, power relations, trust, and the process of truth revelation. The film reflects a social phenomenon of sexual violence and abuse of power in a university environment. And how the protagonist copes with conflict and social pressure through interpersonal communication. This research uses a qualitative phenomenological approach and content analysis. The findings show that interpersonal communication in the film potrays the individual struggle against power dynamics, the search of support, and the articulation of truth. This study is relevant as a reflection of communication dynamics within cultural and social insitituations. In addition, this study also reflects how a sense of safety, and trust are essential factors in the tourism industry, particualry in shaping the image of destinasions that are inclusive and welcoming to all individuals 

English has become an international language in the world. It becomes tool of communication for many people freely around the world either in spoken or written context, or direct or indirect interaction. One of the reason this phenomenon caused by the development of technology which has been spreading widely around the world. Therefore, it is important for people to learn, especially for English learner to learn deeper about language in both contexts.  Data collection of this research used documentary and visual data or document analysis which is suitable to apply since it refers to describe the attitude through English speech which also related to transcript. This research used the ATLAS software. ti 24, this software is useful in assisting the data analysis process of qualitative grounded theory research. And discourse analysis is one of appropriate study often used to analyse language use both in written and spoken context. The study of attitude also take part in analysing the language because language is also related to improve learner’s interpersonal relationship. In this study will shows the relation of language use in society along with the emotional study based on the language use.

Effective communication plays a central role in building and maintaining harmonious relationships in various aspects of life, both in family, friendship, and professional environments. This article comprehensively discusses how effective communication is not just an exchange of information, but also involves elements of active listening, clarity in delivering messages, empathy, and openness between individuals. Through effective communication, individuals can strengthen their understanding of each other, build mutual trust, and create an environment full of respect, so that the potential for conflict can be minimized and cooperation can be improved. Research and literature show that effective communication can improve the quality of interpersonal relationships by strengthening emotional bonds, fostering empathy, and strengthening mutual understanding. In an organizational context, good communication contributes to increased productivity, job satisfaction, and the creation of a positive work culture. Meanwhile, in personal relationships, effective communication is key to building trust, reducing misunderstandings, and strengthening emotional bonds between partners and family members. The effectiveness of communication is influenced by various factors, such as listening skills, openness, cultural differences, and social background. Therefore, efforts are needed to continue to develop communication skills, such as speaking politely, honing language skills, and being active in social environments. In conclusion, effective communication is the main foundation in creating harmonious and sustainable relationships, and is an important capital for individuals to make positive contributions to society.    

This study aims to analyse the effect of work climate on teacher morale at MAN 1 Medan. Work climate is an important factor in creating a work atmosphere that supports the performance and motivation of educators. Teachers' morale, as an indicator of the success of the education process, is influenced by various aspects, including interpersonal relationships, leadership of the madrasah head, and work environment conditions. This study used a quantitative approach with a survey method. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 50 teachers at MAN 1 Medan. Work climate variables were measured through dimensions such as leadership, openness of communication, and peer support. Meanwhile, morale was measured through indicators of productivity, motivation, and commitment to duty. Data analysis was conducted using simple linear regression technique to determine the relationship and influence between the two variables. The results showed that work climate has a significant influence on teachers' morale at MAN 1 Medan. This finding indicates that a positive work climate, characterised by open communication, adequate support, and inspirational leadership, can significantly improve teachers' morale. Conversely, a less conducive work climate negatively impacts teachers' motivation and performance. This study concludes that effective work climate management is an important strategy in improving teachers' morale. The madrasah is advised to pay attention to the aspects that make up the work climate, such as rewarding performance, creating a harmonious working atmosphere, and ensuring good communication between the madrasah head and teachers. Thus, the quality of education at MAN 1 Medan can continue to be improved through strengthening the morale of the teaching staff.

This study aims to analyze the meaning of interpersonal communication in the anxiety experience of new students of the Islamic Communication and Broadcasting Study Program. The approach used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological method, which focuses on students' subjective meaning of interpersonal communication experiences during the transition to college. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with eight new students who had experienced anxiety and were actively establishing communication relationships with those closest to them. The results of the study indicate that interpersonal communication is interpreted as an adaptive mechanism that helps relieve anxiety through five main elements: openness, empathy, support, positive feelings, and equality. In addition, the communication process is also influenced by the principle of social exchange, where students choose to establish communication that provides emotional comfort and avoid relationships that worsen psychological stress. Interpersonal communication has proven to be a safe space for students to build emotional resilience during the early stages of college.

The movie 500 Days of Summer represents the complexity of interpersonal communication in romantic relationships through a multidimensional and realistic approach. This study analyzes the communication dynamics between the main characters, Tom Hansen and Summer Finn, by focusing on the misalignment of verbal and nonverbal messages that trigger ambiguity and miscommunication. In addition, this study explores the implications of the emotional dynamics in the relationship for tourist behavior, especially the phenomenon of emotional tourism as a form of escape and recovery after a breakup. This study also examines the utilization of emotional experience-based tourism as a destination marketing strategy to meet the needs of tourists in emotional transition. The results of the analysis confirm the importance of integrating an understanding of interpersonal communication and emotional dynamics in the development of tourism oriented towards affective and reflective experiences. The findings provide an academic contribution to the study of interpersonal communication and its implications in the tourism industry, particularly in designing destinations that are responsive to the psychological needs of visitors.

The study aims to analyze interpersonal communication in the film Photocopier, focusing on trauma, power relations, trust, and the process of truth revelation. The film reflects a social phenomenon of sexual violence and abuse of power in a university environment. And how the protagonist copes with conflict and social pressure through interpersonal communication. This research uses a qualitative phenomenological approach and content analysis. The findings show that interpersonal communication in the film potrays the individual struggle against power dynamics, the search of support, and the articulation of truth. This study is relevant as a reflection of communication dynamics within cultural and social insitituations. In addition, this study also reflects how a sense of safety, and trust are essential factors in the tourism industry, particualry in shaping the image of destinasions that are inclusive and welcoming to all individuals.

Catur Murti Counseling integrates the concept of self-acceptance as a foundation that aims to provide a deep understanding of self-development and interpersonal relationships through a psychological approach. Catur Murti, which originates from Javanese culture, teaches the importance of balance in four aspects of life: spiritual, intellectual, emotional, and physical. By using qualitative research methods and using types of literature studies that aim to describe the facts that have been collected and then provide explanations and understanding of the facts regarding the concept of catur murti counseling. This counseling not only helps individuals understand themselves, but also in building harmonious relationships with others. Through counseling techniques based on the principles of Catur Murti, individuals are invited to explore their potential, overcome conflicts, and create a more meaningful life.

This study investigates directive speech acts in Chapter 1 of the Japanese manga *Dandadan*, focusing on how characters use language to influence others’ behavior. The objective is to classify the types of directive utterances and analyze their pragmatic functions based on the speaker and context. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, using pragmatic theory to analyze speech data taken directly from dialogue panels. The analysis identified nine instances of directive speech acts, which include commands, prohibitions, invitations, and requests. Ayase Momo emerges as the character who produces the most directive utterances, predominantly in the form of commands and prohibitions, indicating her dominant and assertive communication style. Okarun, in contrast, tends to use polite requests and prohibitions, suggesting a more cautious and respectful approach. The findings reveal that the types of directive speech acts used are closely related to each character’s personality and the emotional context of the scene. These results underscore the role of speech acts in character development and narrative dynamics within manga. The study’s implication lies in showing how linguistic choices in manga dialogue reflect interpersonal power relations and emotional intensity. Future research is encouraged to explore directive speech acts across multiple chapters for broader insights.

Organizational communication is crucial in enhancing performance, productivity, and creating a harmonious work environment. In management psychology, communication serves as a tool for information exchange and a means to build interpersonal relationships and manage conflicts. This study employs a literature review method by analyzing five key articles related to organizational communication. The results indicate that effective communication can enhance motivation, reduce conflicts, and strengthen employee engagement. Barriers such as perceptual differences and information overload can be addressed through appropriate communication strategies, including the use of technology and psycholinguistic approaches. Therefore, good communication should be a priority within organizations to create a more efficient and collaborative work system

This study aims to describe the dynamics of school leadership at a primary school affected by limited leadership experience and health-related constraints. Using a descriptive qualitative approach and in-depth interviews with several teachers, the findings reveal that the principal adopts a situational leadership style characterized by flexible and delegative practices. The principal places significant trust in senior teachers to carry out daily operational functions and decision-making processes. While this strategy fosters teacher autonomy and ensures the continuity of school activities, it also reveals weaknesses in supervision, quality control, and the symbolic presence of leadership. The lack of direct supervision results in unclear performance evaluations and weak program coordination. The study concludes that the effectiveness of situational leadership relies heavily on the strength of interpersonal relationships among staff and the existence of supportive internal systems. It is recommended that the principal strengthen the management team and establish a more structured communication system to sustain leadership quality and educational standards.