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The author focuses on analyzing the Jigsaw learning method in class VII SKI subjects at MTsN 6 Nganjuk. This writing aims to analyze the implementation of learning using the Jigsaw method, how this method can have an effect on student interaction, student activity in learning, and the difference in receiving material in SKI subjects. This writing uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Information obtained from observations, then interviews, and analysis of learning outcomes. The results obtained from the Jigsaw method analysis had a very drastic effect on increasing student activity. They are more enthusiastic, active, and able to work together in groups. Then this method increases students' activeness and self-confidence when appearing in front of the class. Although there are advantages, this research identifies a problem, namely the limited time which can reduce the overall application of the method. Some students like learning in groups to interact and exchange knowledge with other friends. However, some students experience challenges in understanding the material and they do not feel comfortable when explaining the material in front of the class. The conclusion is that the Jigsaw learning method provides positive things to increase active student interaction, involvement and increase self-confidence in SKI learning. The implication of this research is the need for plans that are ready and supported by teachers that can help to successfully analyze the Jigsaw method in the context of SKI learning at MTs level.  

The development of digital technology has a major impact on Arabic language learning, both in terms of opportunities and obstacles. This journal aims to identify opportunities and obstacles in Arabic language learning from the perspective of teachers and students. This research approach uses qualitative methods with interviews and literature studies to obtain a comprehensive picture of how digital technology can improve or hinder the Arabic language learning process. The results of the study indicate that the existence of digital technology provides many great opportunities for Arabic language learning, including: First, access to learning materials becomes wider. Second, there is global interaction. Third. Learning becomes more innovative and interesting. Fourth. Efficiency of time and place of learning. Fifth. The existence of digital technology can help advance educational institutions to the international level. However, there are also significant challenges from the existence of digital technology in Arabic language learning, including: First, the lack of maturity of teachers and students in using and utilizing digital technology. Second, there is digital distraction. Third, there is a technological gap and others.

The legal landscape of interfaith marriage in Indonesia presents a complex challenge that intersects social dynamics, legal frameworks, and cultural diversity. This research aims to critically analyze the existing legal system governing interfaith marriages, exploring the fundamental tensions between legal norms and social realities. Through a comprehensive socio-legal methodology, the study investigates the intricate challenges of harmonizing marriage laws in a pluralistic society.The research employs a mixed-method approach, combining normative juridical analysis with empirical social research. Extensive document analysis, comparative legal studies, and expert interviews provide a nuanced understanding of the current legal and social complexities surrounding interfaith marriages. The study examines the interactions between state law, religious norms, and customary traditions that shape marriage regulations in Indonesia.Key findings reveal significant gaps between legislative provisions and social practices, highlighting the urgent need for a more adaptive and inclusive legal framework. The research identifies multiple challenges, including jurisdictional conflicts, individual rights protection, and the complex interplay of different normative systems. Theoretical foundations draw from legal certainty theory, legal pluralism, and social justice theory to construct a comprehensive analytical framework.The study proposes innovative approaches to legal harmonization, emphasizing the delicate balance between maintaining legal certainty and accommodating social realities. Recommendations include developing more flexible legal mechanisms, enhancing inter-institutional dialogue, and creating regulatory frameworks that recognize the dynamic nature of social relationships and individual rights in contemporary Indonesian society.Ultimately, the research demonstrates that effective legal harmonization requires a holistic approach that bridges the gap between formal legal structures and the lived experiences of individuals navigating interfaith marriages. By providing a critical analysis of the current legal landscape, the study contributes to broader discussions on legal pluralism, social justice, and individual rights in Indonesia.

Population growth is a significant phenomenon in the context of global economic development. This article discusses the dynamics of population growth and its impact on a sustainable economy. Rapid growth can provide opportunities, such as increased labor force and larger consumption markets, but it also brings serious challenges, including pressure on limited natural resources and infrastructure. With an eye on the interaction between population and economy, effective strategies need to be put in place to ensure that population growth becomes an asset, not a burden. Investments in education, sustainable infrastructure development, and inclusive migration policies are key to achieving the desired balance. This article emphasizes the importance of integration between population growth and economic sustainability to build an inclusive and prosperous future for all.  

This study aims to examine the Analysis of the Development of the Tangkahan Tourism Area. This type of research uses qualitative descriptive research. The data collection techniques in this study are interviews and observations. Data collection is data obtained from research sources that are still raw and have not been processed by researchers Data reduction, data presentation, the process of drawing conclusions involves the researcher interpreting the data that has been displayed. The methods carried out include comparisons, grouping, making patterns, and triangulating. The results of tourism development research are carried out with the aim of making tourism advanced and developing in a better direction in terms of the quality of facilities, facilitating access anywhere, becoming a desired destination, and making good economic benefits for the surrounding community. Tourism planning and development is not a stand-alone system, but is closely related to other development planning systems intra-sectoral and intra-regional. Then the development of tourist destinations requires good and appropriate planning techniques. The development technique must combine several aspects to support the success of tourism. These aspects are accessibility aspects (transportation and marketing channels), characteristics of tourism infrastructure, level of social interaction, linkage/compatibility with other sectors, resilience to tourism impacts, level of resistance of local communities, and so on.

This study aims to analyze the effect of the use of digital technology and learning motivation on students' academic achievement at MA-YA Ikhsan, Pasuruan Regency. In today's digital era, technology has become an important component in the learning process, which can increase interaction between students and subject matter. The method used in this study is quantitative, involving 30 students randomly selected from the school population. Questionnaires were distributed to students to collect data on the frequency of digital technology use, level of learning motivation, and students' academic achievement. The results showed that 80% of students often use digital technology routinely to learn, and 70% of them feel more motivated when learning with digital media. The average academic score of students who actively use technology reaches 85, while students who are not active only reach 75. These findings indicate a significant positive relationship between the use of digital technology and learning motivation on students' academic achievement. Therefore, it is important for schools to continue to integrate technology into the learning process in order to improve the quality of education. Through this study, it is hoped that educators can understand the importance of utilizing technology in learning and creating an environment that supports student motivation. This research can also be a reference for further studies on the impact of technology in education in various contexts.

Rape is a criminal act by means of violence, threats and forcing the will on others, to commit an act that violates the rules, rape is often committed by someone by forcing others to have intercourse with threats and violence. In rape, many become victims, where almost all victims lack the courage to defend themselves so that it is easy for someone to commit rape. As in article 285 of the Criminal Code. The type of research used is normative juridical and empirical juridical. Normative juridical research is legal research that places law as a building of a norm system. The norm system in question is regarding the principles, norms, rules of laws and regulations, agreements and doctrines (teachings). This research was conducted on secondary data such as laws and regulations, scientific journals, law books related to the law of cooperation agreements and agencies. While empirical juridical research is research that has an object of study regarding community behavior. The behavior of the community studied is behavior that arises as a result of interacting with the existing norm system. The interaction emerged as a form of public reaction to the implementation of a positive legal provision and can also be seen from the behavior of the community as a form of action in influencing the formation of a positive legal provision. Empirical legal research in writing this thesis was conducted through direct interviews with the Sei Rampah District Court, Serdang Bedagai Regency. Research Results A. Imposition of sanctions on perpetrators of rape in the decision of the Serdang Bedagai District Court Number 511 / Pid.Sus / 2022 Pn Srh. Sentencing the Defendant therefore to imprisonment for 14 (fourteen) years and a fine of Rp1,000,000,000.00 (one billion rupiah) with the provision that if the fine is not paid it is replaced with imprisonment for 2 (two) months; B. Regulation of criminal acts of indecency in laws and regulations. Article 281 of the Criminal Code Threatened with a maximum imprisonment of 2 years and 8 months or a maximum fine of Rp4.5 million: C. Obstacles faced in protecting victims of indecency against women and steps. The obstacles experienced are in the form of a protracted legal process (undue delay), evidence, the absence of articles regulating certain sexual crimes, intimidation from the perpetrator, and lack of support from the victim's closest environment.  

This community service initiative aims to enhance the brand awareness and market competitiveness of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Kedungjambe Village through digital marketing strategies. The study addresses the primary issue of limited consumer visibility, which hinders MSME growth. Training sessions were conducted to optimize the use of WhatsApp Business for effective customer communication and the Shopee e- commerce platform to expand market reach. MSME participants were guided in creating engaging promotional content, utilizing WhatsApp's broadcast features for direct interactions, and managing online stores on Shopee, including product descriptions, inventory, and sales analytics. Practical simulations on Shopee's features were provided to strengthen participants' understanding of e-commerce as a strategic sales channel. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in brand visibility, customer engagement, and sales performance among participating MSMEs. This initiative highlights the effectiveness of leveraging digital platforms like WhatsApp Business and Shopee to enhance MSME competitiveness, offering a sustainable model for rural business development.

The elderly often face challenges such as decreased cognitive function, social isolation, depression and anxiety that can affect their overall quality of life. Providing art therapy to the elderly is closely related to understanding its benefits to their physical, mental, and emotional well-being. The purpose of providing art therapy to the elderly is to promote holistic well-being through creative expression, social interaction, and meaningful artistic experiences. The method of implementation is by providing art activities to the elderly who are divided into several groups, carried out for 1 x meeting, each for 1 hour. The target of this activity is the elderly residents of the Mulia Dharma Elderly Rehabilitation Social Institution, Kubu Raya Regency.  The results of the activity are in the form of artwork and documentation of art creation activities. Participants showed enthusiasm in participating in art creation activities with flower arranging activities and coloring pictures. Participants showed a happy attitude towards the work produced. Art therapy in the elderly is an effective approach in improving the quality of life in old age. Through creative expression, social interaction, and artistic experiences, older adults can find greater happiness, meaning, and well-being in living life.

This study aims to describe the role of the concept of taqwa in Islamic education as a moral guide to achieve the ultimate goal of human education. Taqwa, as one of the core concepts in Islam, has a profound meaning and is very influential in shaping the character of individuals who believe and are responsible in the life of this world and the hereafter. Islamic education seeks to form human beings who are not only intellectually intelligent, but also have high spiritual awareness. The concept of taqwa in Islamic education integrates spiritual, moral, and intellectual aspects that include practicing the teachings of Allah in daily life, social interaction, and achieving balanced life goals between this world and the hereafter. This study uses a library research method by analyzing various literature related to taqwa in the perspective of Islamic education, including interpretation of the Qur'an, hadith, and Islamic education books. The results of the study show that the application of taqwa values in education is expected to form a generation that is not only successful in this world, but also survived in the hereafter. Therefore, Islamic education based on the concept of taqwa aims to create individuals who have a balance between worldly intelligence and spiritual depth, so that they can achieve worldly happiness and salvation in the hereafter.

ERP software has become an essential tool for managing and organizing vast amounts of data within institutions, especially with the rise of big data concepts. As a relatively new innovation, ERP falls under the umbrella of digital transformations shaping the modern world. These systems, along with their associated applications, offer capabilities that facilitate integration and coordination among departments and processes within organizations. This, in turn, supports better strategic decision-making. Additionally, ERP systems play a crucial role in enhancing production processes and improving customer interaction, provided that the technology and the data it generates are utilized effectively  

The structure of the Windows operating system plays an important role in supporting the operational performance of computers, especially in business environments and professional users. This system is designed with a modular and layered architecture, which includes various components such as Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL), I/O device manager, virtual memory management, and an integrated security system. Windows also supports energy management and plug-and-play mechanisms, which improve power efficiency and hardware compatibility. This architectural approach allows Windows to optimize interactions between hardware and applications, supports multitasking, and provides an efficient user interface. Thus, the structure of the Windows operating system is able to significantly improve device performance, which leads to optimization of operational performance.

Pragmatics, a fundamental branch of linguistics, focuses on the implicit rules that govern human interaction. It delves into how meaning is constructed, conveyed, and interpreted in everyday communication beyond literal language. This study explores the mechanisms of pragmatics in daily life, particularly how context, shared knowledge, and social conventions influence interactions. Key areas examined include speech acts, implicature, and politeness strategies, which highlight the dynamic nature of meaning-making in various social contexts. Speech acts, such as requests, apologies, and promises, illustrate how utterances perform actions beyond their lexical content. Implicature examines how individuals infer meaning that is not explicitly stated, relying on context and shared assumptions. Politeness strategies, which vary across cultures, play a crucial role in managing interpersonal relationships and ensuring smooth communication by balancing social expectations and individual intentions. Understanding these unspoken rules is essential for effective communication, as they often dictate the success of social interactions. Misinterpretations in pragmatics can lead to misunderstandings, social faux pas, or conflicts, emphasizing the importance of cultural and contextual awareness. Pragmatic competence is crucial in multilingual and multicultural settings, where differing conventions and norms can create unique challenges. By synthesizing theoretical insights from existing literature, this study highlights the pervasive influence of pragmatics in shaping human interaction. It underscores the necessity of pragmatic awareness in fostering interpersonal understanding, enhancing communication skills, and navigating the complexities of social life effectively.  

This study aims to analyze the influence of teachers' personality competencies on the formation of students' character in Senior High School (SMA). Teachers' personality competencies, such as discipline, responsibility, empathy, and example, play an important role in the character education process in schools. Teachers with positive personalities are able to create a conducive learning environment and provide good examples of behavior for students, thus helping the formation of strong and moral student character. Through social interaction in the school environment, students can develop positive attitudes, such as a sense of responsibility, hard work, honesty, and independence, which are essential for community life. This research is included in a qualitative research with a literature study approach to explore the influence of personality competence on character formation. The results of the study show that the teacher's personality competence has a significant influence on the development of students' character. The conclusion of this study is that teacher personality competence is one of the key factors in character education in high school.

Teacher ethics serves as a crucial moral foundation for educators in establishing a conducive educational environment. It encompasses relationships between teachers and students, colleagues, parents, and the broader community. This article aims to examine the role of teacher ethics in building student trust, which is an essential aspect of successful teaching and learning processes. Employing a qualitative approach through literature studies, this research identifies key dimensions of teacher ethics, including justice, honesty, responsibility, and empathy, which underpin the development of student trust. The findings reveal that consistent application of teacher ethics can enhance students’ respect for their teachers, encourage active student engagement in the learning process, and foster a positive learning atmosphere. Furthermore, the trust developed strengthens the emotional connection between teachers and students, ultimately improving student learning outcomes. This study recommends the importance of teacher ethics training for educators to ensure integrity and professionalism in every educational interaction.

This research aims to evaluate the grand parenting approach and its influence on the character development of elementary school children. Grand parenting, which involves grandparents in the caregiving process, plays a crucial role in shaping children's values and attitudes. The methodology employed in this study is a qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews and observations to assess the interactions between grandparents and their grandchildren. The findings reveal that the parenting styles implemented by grandparents significantly contribute to the character development of children, which includes aspects such as moral values, discipline, responsibility, and social skills. Furthermore, the strong emotional bonds between grandparents and grandchildren provide a sense of security and support essential for character development. This indicates the vital role of older generations in supporting children's character education and the need for increased attention to intergenerational relationships within families. This study recommends enhancing the involvement of grandparents in the educational processes of children, as well as the necessity for programs that foster intergenerational collaboration.

This article analyzes the representation of culture shock in Andrea Hirata's novel Edensor, focusing on the experiences of the main characters, Ikal and Arai, as they interact with European culture. Using Kalvero Oberg's culture shock theory, which includes the stages of honeymoon, crisis, recovery, and adjustment, this study explores how both characters undergo shifts in mindset and attitudes when confronted with foreign cultural values. The paper also discusses the impact of culture shock on their character development and its relevance in today's global socio-cultural context, including migration and international education. Through this analysis, it is understood that culture shock is not merely a clash of cultures, but also a crucial process for learning and personal growth. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to interdisciplinary literary studies, particularly in understanding the relationship between literature and social-cultural phenomena.

This article analyzes the representation of culture shock in Andrea Hirata's novel Edensor, focusing on the experiences of the main characters, Ikal and Arai, as they interact with European culture. Using Kalvero Oberg's culture shock theory, which includes the stages of honeymoon, crisis, recovery, and adjustment, this study explores how both characters undergo shifts in mindset and attitudes when confronted with foreign cultural values. The paper also discusses the impact of culture shock on their character development and its relevance in today's global socio-cultural context, including migration and international education. Through this analysis, it is understood that culture shock is not merely a clash of cultures, but also a crucial process for learning and personal growth. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to interdisciplinary literary studies, particularly in understanding the relationship between literature and social-cultural phenomena.

In the era of globalization, Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) face increasingly complex challenges, especially in maintaining competitiveness in local and global markets. Digital marketing is one of the key strategies that can help MSMEs take advantage of technological developments to expand market reach, increase interaction with customers, and create a competitive advantage. This study aims to analyze the importance of implementing digital marketing strategies for MSMEs in increasing their competitiveness. The method used involves literature studies and case studies on MSMEs that have successfully implemented digital marketing strategies. The results of the study show that digital marketing strategies, such as the use of social media, search engine optimization (SEO), and data-driven marketing, are able to increase brand visibility, operational efficiency, and customer loyalty. Thus, digital marketing is not only a promotional tool, but also as an innovative solution to support the growth of MSMEs in the digital era. The adoption of this strategy requires adequate knowledge, skills, and technological adaptation so that MSMEs can survive and thrive in the midst of global competition.

This study aims to analyze the theories of multicultural education approach and its application in the context of Islamic Religious Education (PAI). Using a qualitative approach based on literature study, this research explores theories such as social justice, pluralism, social interaction, constructivism, humanism, and social transformation, and their relevance to Islamic values. The results show that multicultural education is in line with Islamic teachings, such as tolerance, justice, empathy, and respect for diversity. The integration of these theories in PAI can create an inclusive learning environment that encourages intercultural dialogue, character development, and respect for differences. Implementation challenges include stereotypes, limited resources and lack of teacher training, while opportunities include increased tolerance, curriculum enrichment and technology utilization. This research highlights the importance of education policies that support multicultural inclusivity and relevance in building a harmonious society.