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Indonesia is a country with a diverse society, namely having various ethnic groups, languages, customs, customs, beliefs and social layers. With this diversity, Indonesia is rich in culture, but currently culture in Indonesia is starting to fade due to the lack of insight and understanding of the people around the culture. Lack of cultural literacy and citizenship is one of the reasons why national culture is gradually disappearing in social life. Thus, through cultural and civic literacy, people are expected to have knowledge about history, contributions and perspectives about culture as well as be able to apply it and understand and have a positive attitude towards Indonesian culture as a national identity amidst the diversity of Indonesian society.

Mathematics lessons are lessons that are able to provide students with insight into gaining knowledge systematically or how to solve a mathematical problem. One of the goals of learning mathematics is to develop problem solving abilities. This indicates that problem solving is a very important ability to hone in learning mathematics. The method used is literature study or literature review. The study sources are in the form of reference books, published scientific journals, and references on websites accessed via the internet. Theoretical references obtained through literature study research will be used as the basic foundation and main tool for further practice which will be followed up with field research. Polya's theory is a systematic approach to solving mathematical problems which consists of four main steps, namely understanding the problem, planning a solution, implementing the plan, and checking again. This theory has been applied in various mathematics learning contexts, such as in analyzing the difficulty of solving mathematical problems on various materials and levels of difficulty.

The waste problem not only threatens environmental conditions, but also has serious social and economic impacts in many regions in Indonesia, including the city of Surabaya. This dedication is carried out with the aim of reducing volume and realizing a zero waste paradigm in dealing with global waste problems. The Surabaya City Zero Waste Village Program was realized through outreach to provide awareness for residents to reduce the use of organic and inorganic waste. Apart from that, socialization was also carried out regarding organic waste processing which aims to convert organic waste into compost using Compost Bags, increasing public knowledge about organic waste management and reducing waste from rubbish dumps. This activity includes preparing activity planning, preparation, implementation and evaluation, as well as direct training regarding making compost fertilizer and using Compost Bags. Evaluation is carried out to ensure the success of activities and identify obstacles faced in the process of making compost fertilizer. The Zero Waste Village Program in RW 06 Menur Pumpungan Surabaya in increasing community understanding about managing organic waste into compost using Compost Bags has been successfully implemented with the support of the residents.

This Community Service Activity (PKM) is one manifestation of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education, namely providing benefits to the community. This PKM activity is aimed at high school students located on Jalan Social Palembang. The method for implementing community service activities is by providing online training. The target participants for this training are Karya Ibu High School students. For the Raden Fatah State Islamic University, the Faculty of Economics and Islamic Business is one of the means to introduce the Raden Fatah State Islamic University of Palembang and is a community service activity carried out by Lecturers at the Raden Fatah State Islamic University of Palembang to be able to apply the knowledge they have to the community. . The topic chosen for this activity was training in making financial reports among high school/vocational school students. This topic was chosen because it remembers the importance of understanding in preparing financial reports to be able to measure the company's performance and financial position. The output resulting from this community service activity is a module in the form of a financial report compilation and as the final stage, we will create a report on the implementation of this Community Service (PKM) task.

This research investigates the phenomenon of juvenile brawls with a focus on analyzing trigger factors and developing effective intervention approaches. Involving field research and psychological analysis, this research identifies that interpersonal conflict in the context of schools and urban communities plays a crucial role in triggering brawls. Factors such as economic strain, academic pressure, and lack of interpersonal understanding among teenagers stand out as major triggers. Apart from that, the influence of pop culture and the social environment also contributes significantly to the increase in brawl incidents. This research presents recommendations for developing preventive programs that involve collaboration between schools, families and communities. A holistic intervention approach, including psychological and social aspects, was identified as key to reducing and preventing youth brawls. It is hoped that this research can provide valuable insights for practitioners, researchers and policy makers in creating a safe and supportive environment for adolescent development.

One of the four Arabic language skills is the ability to write, or what is called maharah al-kitabah. There are four categories of Arabic language skills, namely listening skills (maharah al-istima'), speaking skills (maharah al-kalam), reading skills (maharah al-qira'ah), and writing skills (maharah al-kitabah). Writing is an activity related to the thinking process and the ability to convey ideas through writing. Insya' muwajjah, or structured writing, is one method to improve the ability of maharah al-kitabah with a teaching method that asks students to write perfect sentences or essays with some direction and instructions from the teacher. This research was conducted with the aim of getting an answer to whether one of the insha' muwajjah learning methods could be an alternative for achieving success for a teacher in teaching one of the skills that is included in the most difficult level of other maharah. This research uses analysis that the author quotes from various secondary data, in the form of scientific journals, theses and internet media. From the results that we have collected from various previous sources, it shows that the insha' muwajjah method can be an alternative because the learning carried out starts from easy to difficult stages so that students' understanding can be evenly captured in learning until skills are formed.

In the digital era, Islamic religious education (PAI) is faced with the challenge of attracting the learning interest of the millennial generation who are accustomed to technology. This article explores the potential of using digital media as an innovative strategy to increase interest in learning PAI in the millennial generation. This approach includes the use of mobile applications, interactive learning videos, and online platforms specifically designed to provide an engaging learning experience that suits the learning styles of the millennial generation. By understanding the characteristics of the millennial generation who tend to be responsive to technology, the application of digital media in PAI classes can create a more dynamic and relevant learning atmosphere. In addition, this article explains how the integration of digital media can stimulate discussion and active participation of students, building connections between PAI material and the daily life context of the millennial generation. The successful use of digital media to increase interest in learning PAI in the millennial generation requires an active role from educators in designing interesting content, facilitating online interactions, and continuing to apply innovation in learning approaches. Thus, this article not only discusses the positive impact of using digital media in increasing interest in learning PAI in the millennial generation, but also provides practical guidance for educators to implement it effectively in the educational environment.

Waste is unused material that comes from humans, animals and plants in solid, liquid or gas form. The problem of plastik waste is a common phenomenon in Indonesia that needs to find a solution. This can be done by utilizing plastik waste for appropriate technology such as using plastik bottle waste to be used as a medium for hydroponic water spinach plants. This activity was carried out at SD Negeri Gunung Anyar 273 with the aim of increasing students' knowledge regarding hydroponic water spinach plants and the use of plastik bottle waste as a medium for hydroponic water spinach plants, as well as reducing plastik waste found in the school environment. The methods used in this activity are lectures and direct practice in the field which consists of various stages, namely field survey, counseling, joint practice, and plant monitoring. The result of this activity is that students can make hydroponic water spinach plant media from plastik bottle waste and also have a good understanding of caring for hydroponic plants.

This research explores the Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT) between workers and PT. Astra Autoparts. Using qualitative methods and a normative juridical approach, this research not only refers to regulations and related literature, but also involves observations and interviews with HRD and contract workers at the company. From an Islamic legal perspective, research emphasizes that PKWT must fulfill the principles of justice, equality and protection of workers' rights. The concept of "fair" (‘adl) is in focus, where respect for workers' rights and prevention of exploitation are key. It is hoped that the PKWT is in accordance with Law No. 6/2023 to create a fair work environment. The research results show that PT. Astra Otoparts has implemented PKWT in accordance with Government Regulation Number 35 of 2021 and Law no. 6/2023 concerning Job Creation. However, there are obstacles such as incompatibility of worker qualifications, lack of understanding of work contracts, lack of understanding of labor laws, and lack of understanding of government regulations regarding PKWT. Therefore, efforts are needed to increase understanding and conformity in the implementation of PKWT in order to create a fairer work environment.

The aim of this research is to find out how this curriculum is implemented, in Indonesian language lessons in class VII MTs Negeri 3 Subang, how the independent curriculum is implemented. This research was conducted qualitatively and data was collected through observation, interviews and questionnaires. The research results show that the Project Based Learning (PBL) approach, formative evaluation and literacy improvement for students, are all used to adopt the independent curriculum. The implementation of this curriculum has resulted in increased student independence and the development of soft skills. Overall, the Merdeka Curriculum at MTs Negeri 3 Subang supports student independence, facilitates critical learning, and develops Pancasila character. The obstacles faced require further attention to increase the effectiveness of curriculum implementation, although there are obstacles related to the availability of books and teacher understanding. The effectiveness of the curriculum is assessed through student self-evaluation and teacher observation. Limited resources and teachers' understanding of the curriculum are some of the obstacles. This research provides insight into the difficulties and opportunities of an independent curriculum to improve the quality of education at the secondary level.

This research aims to analyze curriculum implementation in the Malay Arabic script learning process in class V at MIS YPI Batang Kuis using descriptive qualitative methods. The research method in this study was carried out using data collection techniques, namely interviews, documentation and observation. The objects of this research were 30 students in class IV MIS YPI Batang Kuis. The data collection technique in this research is equipped with tests and questionnaires which take place face to face with students. Data analysis methods include assessing writing test scores, calculating the percentage of reading ability, as well as evaluating overall results to understand the effectiveness of teaching Malay Arabic script. It is hoped that the findings from this research will provide a more comprehensive view regarding the implementation of the Malay Arabic script learning curriculum in the form of teaching strategies that best support Malay Arabic learning in class V MIS YPI Batang Kuis. The results of this research can be a reflection to improve existing teaching methods. By understanding the successes and challenges in the learning process, more effective strategies can be developed to improve students' understanding of the Malay Arabic script. It is hoped that the implications of this research can help prepare better curriculum and teaching guidelines and improve the quality of the Malay Arabic script learning process at a broader level.

Adolescents are the nation's next golden generation, therefore they need to be the focus of attention to maintain their mental health so that they can produce quality human resources. Mental health is a condition of well-being that an individual is aware of, which includes the abilities to manage normal life stress, to work productively and produce results and to play an active role in the community.(Mental disorders can include symptoms of anxiety, depression which can be described as losing motivation towards something, being irritable, and having thoughts of hurting yourself. Aims to increase knowledge and understanding of teenagers regarding mental health. . This study uses the entire article presented in the form of a literature review regarding "Youth Empowerment Efforts to minimize the occurrence of mental health problems". The results show a significant increase in teenagers' knowledge and understanding regarding Mental Health.

Abstract. Implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum with a focus on the Project for Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile (P5) has become a major concern in the world of education since 2022. This research aims to understand the implementation of P5 in the UNP Laboratory Development Kindergarten, focusing on the topics of implementation, objectives, benefits, advantages, and evaluation. The research method involves collecting data through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The research results show that the implementation of P5 in the UNP Laboratory Development Kindergarten has had a positive impact in increasing understanding of the values ​​of Pancasila, introducing local culture, and forming character and environmental awareness in kindergarten children. Evaluation of P5 activities is carried out through learning management and involving active participation from the surrounding community. In conclusion, the implementation of P5 in the UNP Laboratory Development Kindergarten makes a positive contribution to improving the quality of learning, building student character, and community participation and empowerment. The suggestion proposed is the need for cooperation between teachers, P5 coordinators, and parents of students to better adapt the P5 program.

Social media is not only a means of communication, but also influences the thinking patterns, behavior and social interactions of the younger generation. Thus, a deep understanding of the influence of social media on the character of today's youth is very important in the context of social and cultural development. This journal investigates the impact of social media use on youth character in the contemporary era. This research uses quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the behavior, values, and self-perceptions of young people who are influenced by their interactions on social media platforms. The results show that intense exposure to social media can influence character formation, both positively and negatively. The psychological and social implications of social media use in today's youth are the main focus in this journal, providing in-depth insight into the role of social media in shaping the identity and character of the younger generation.

It’s very important for students to be able to understand the basic concepts of chemistry and how they relate to one concept to another. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and examine the  nderstanding of grade XI MA Al Rohmah students in Tasikmalaya for understanding the concept of electrolyte and non electrolyte solutions. Descriptive research methodology with a quantitative approach is used. The study involved 22 students who were taken as samples by researchers. Data collection was conducted through an online questionnaire-based test consisting of 7 multiple-choice questions with Yes/No options. The results showed that 18 students (81.81%) had the ability to understand the concept of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions very well. But there are still 4 students (18.19%) who still do not understand the basic concepts of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution materials. This shows that a more interactive and in-depth learning approach is needed to increase students' understanding of electrolyte and non electrolyte solution materials which include phases and chemical bonds in a compound that can affect its electrolyte properties, lamp flame tests on electrolyte and non electrolyte compounds, and the ionization process of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions to strengthen the basic concepts of student chemistry.

It’s very important for students to be able to understand the basic concepts of chemistry and how they relate to one concept to another. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and examine the  nderstanding of grade XI MA Al Rohmah students in Tasikmalaya for understanding the concept of electrolyte and non electrolyte solutions. Descriptive research methodology with a quantitative approach is used. The study involved 22 students who were taken as samples by researchers. Data collection was conducted through an online questionnaire-based test consisting of 7 multiple-choice questions with Yes/No options. The results showed that 18 students (81.81%) had the ability to understand the concept of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions very well. But there are still 4 students (18.19%) who still do not understand the basic concepts of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution materials. This shows that a more interactive and in-depth learning approach is needed to increase students' understanding of electrolyte and non electrolyte solution materials which include phases and chemical bonds in a compound that can affect its electrolyte properties, lamp flame tests on electrolyte and non electrolyte compounds, and the ionization process of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions to strengthen the basic concepts of student chemistry.

This research analyzes the role of the Karang Taruna Organization (OKT) in empowering the community of Tambakrejo Village, Krembung District.  The research method uses a literature review to detail the context and success of social empowerment programs.  Analysis of social, economic and organizational factors, as well as community participation are integrated in the literature review.  Findings highlight the importance of understanding local traditions, gender engagement, and understanding community needs.  Economic factors and resource accessibility influence participation rates.  Responsiveness to feedback, inclusive programs, and developing community networks are strategies to increase participation.  This research provides a conceptual basis for designing effective empowerment programs at the village level involving OKT.

PT Indofood Sukses Makmur is a public company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. One factor that can influence a company's financial performance is managerial ownership. The aim is to provide a holistic understanding of the relationship between managerial ownership interacting with the financial performance of a company and understand the factors that may or may limit the impact. The descriptive method for analyzing managerial ownership of the financial performance of PT Indofood Sukses Makmur on the Indonesia Stock Exchange can involve calculating certain formulas below. managerial ownership (km)(Number of managerial ownership shares)/(Number of outstanding shares) X 100%. Based on the results of the calculations above regarding managerial ownership in 2022 at PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk, namely the number of managerial ownership shares is 1,380,020 and the number of outstanding shares is 8,780,426,500, so the result of the number of managerial ownership shares and the number of outstanding shares is 0.00015717. The discussion regarding managerial ownership of financial performance includes an analysis of the impact of managerial share ownership by management on the company's financial performance. Conclusion regarding managerial ownership at PT Indofood Sukses Makmur can have a positive impact on the company's financial performance.

This research uses a literature review approach to investigate the role of Karang Taruna in preserving local culture and values ​​in Balonggabus Village.  Through analysis of the latest findings, this research examines how Karang Taruna collaborates with the government and society to maintain cultural identity in the era of globalization.  Literature findings illustrate joint efforts in preserving traditions, encouraging local entrepreneurship, and creating a balance between modernity and local values.  The results of this research provide in-depth insight into the contribution of Karang Taruna as an agent for preserving cultural heritage, as well as how this collaboration creates a village that is dynamic and open to developments over time.  This study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the role of Karang Taruna in facing the challenges of globalization while maintaining local wisdom.

Patrilineal inheritance, a customary system practiced in various Indonesian traditions, designates inheritance passing through the paternal lineage. However, complications arise when heirs lack male descendants or those recognized as legitimate by customary norms. Customary practices within the community often address these issues. Judicial panels frequently adjudicate disputes related to patrilineal inheritance to ensure equitable resolutions. Judges, empowered by the Judicial Power Law No. 48 of 2009, make decisions based on a comprehensive understanding of the legal framework and case circumstances. A case analysis, specifically Verdict Number 3494 K/Pdt/2016, concerning the inheritance dispute among the Batak Toba customary community, revealed that evidence from documents and testimonies proved the disputed land belonged to the appellants. The land, previously acquired by the appellants' mother through purchase from the Nagari, was not part of the inheritance left by the appellants' grandfather. However, the decision in settling the Batak Toba customary dispute in Verdict Number 3494 K/Pdt/2016 did not align with the principles of patrilineal inheritance customary to the Batak Toba community. This divergence stemmed from the judges' consideration that the disputed land constituted communal property resulting from the marriage between the late Yakob Sitinjak and the late Sanggul Boru Sinaga.