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This research examines the implementation of social welfare through social assistance funds in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic within the framework of the welfare state theory. Using a normative juridical approach with a descriptive-normative character, the study analyzes the legal foundations, the theory of justice, and utilitarianism as conceptual bases. Two approaches Statute Approach and Conceptual Approach are employed to review key regulations (Law No. 13/2011, Law No. 11/2009, Government Regulation No. 39/2012, and other implementing regulations) as well as the concepts of distributive justice, utility, and the capability principle. Secondary data consists of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials collected through literature study and qualitatively analyzed. The findings reveal that programs such as Direct Cash Assistance (BLT), the Family Hope Program (PKH), and the Staple Food Card (Kartu Sembako) represent state interventions aimed at correcting inequality and ensuring citizens’ social rights. The application of the principles of social justice, utility, transparancy, accountability, participation, and sustainability has strengthened the legitimacy of social assistance as a redistributive instrument. However, the main challenges lie in the accuracy of the Integrated Social Welfare Data (DTKS), overlapping recipients, limited public participation, and long-term planning that remains reactive to crises. Evaluation of alignment with welfare state principles reveals that social assistance interventions have helped reduce short-term economic burdens but are not yet optimal in empowering recipients toward self-reliance. Based on these findings, it is recommended to regularly update the DTKS, enhance digitalization and data transparancy, expand participatory mechanisms, and integrate social assistance policies into long-term national development strategies. Thus, social assistance funds can serve not only as emergency aid but also as sustainable instruments to realize social justice and inclusive growth.

This research was motivated by the results of observations, interviews, and tests conducted with 1th students at SDN Mojoroto 4. On the observations, it was found the teacher relied solely on the school’s textbook as a learning resource and used a lecture-based teaching method. There was a lack of innovation in instructional delivery, which led to students having limited vocabulary mastery and difficulty in constructing words. Interviews with some students revealed that they quickly became bored with the monotonous learning process. Therefore, a language game-based module was needed to address these issues. The objectives of this study are: (1) To determine the validity of module, (2) To determine the practicality of the module, and (3) To determine the effectiveness of the module. The development model used was ADDIE, which includes the following stages: (1) Analysis, (2) Design, (3) Development, (4) Implementation, and (5) Evaluation. The validity test results showed that the module expert gave a score of 92%, and the material expert gave a score of 80%. Practicality test results from teacher response questionnaires reached 94%, student responses in the limited trial reached 95%, and in the wider trial reached 92%. Effectiveness test results showed a classical percentage of 100% in both limited and wider trials. It can be concluded that the developed language game-based module is valid, practical, and effective.

This paper explores the role of Green Sukuk in advancing sustainable development in Indonesia, with a focus on its alignment with Islamic law and the principles of maqashid al-shariah. The research aims to examine the impact of Green Sukuk as a financial instrument in supporting environmentally friendly projects such as renewable energy, waste management, and green transportation. Using a qualitative approach, the study analyzes the legal, economic, and ethical dimensions of Green Sukuk, as well as its contributions to social justice and environmental sustainability. The findings reveal that Green Sukuk not only fulfills Islamic financial principles by being free from haram elements like riba, gharar, and maisir, but also serves as an instrument for equitable development by directing funds to sustainable projects that benefit society and the environment. However, the study identifies challenges such as limited private sector involvement, lack of in-depth project evaluation, and insufficient public awareness. The research suggests that future studies should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of Green Sukuk projects on the ground, conduct international comparisons to identify best practices, and enhance the role of the private sector and public engagement in expanding the scope of Green Sukuk. Ultimately, this paper contributes to the growing discourse on Islamic finance and sustainability, demonstrating that Green Sukuk is not only a financial tool but also a medium for social and environmental responsibility in line with Islamic teachings.

Vehicles in Indonesia are an important part of moving people or goods from one place to the destination, one of which is the transportation of boxed goods. However, the lack of security for boxed goods transport vehicles has always been the target of burglary of goods cargo in the area of Jalan Perniagaan Barat Roa Malaka Tambora, West Jakarta, perpetrators of goods theft from boxed goods cars that are traveling. Therefore, it is necessary to have a security system that can notify the driver when the back door of the vehicle is broken into, namely a Security Detection Tool on Iot-Based Goods Transport Vehicles Using Telegram this tool is able to detect the movement of the thief and evidence will be sent via Telegram. The research method used in this research is research adopting the ADDIE model R&D method, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (assessment) of the reference model (ADDIE). In implementing the design of a Security Detection Tool on Iot-Based Goods Transport Vehicles Using Telegram Using the Esp32 Cam Microcontroller, MCU Node, and PIR sensors. Based on the Security Detection Tool, the transportation of box goods works well. Using the PIR Sensor, which is tested and applied directly to the vehicle. The tool is capable of sending telegrams in the form of messages, locations, and photos of the break-in.

Students majoring in PJKR are closer to the world of sports, namely as extracurricular coaches according to sports, sports teachers, instructors or the like. So with this training, it is hoped that it will be able to provide other provisions for field development in business. Implementation of activities: survey of training venues and objectives; then giving a briefing to the training participants (students) of Makrame; prepare makrame training materials and tools; the implementation of makrame training; evaluation of makrame training; and reports of Makrame training service activities. The activity was carried out on the UIBU campus majoring in PJKR, held from April 10 to 21, 2025. Materials needed in makrame training include: 3mm makrame rope, hanging rings, scissors, clear plaster. The initial knowledge of PJKR students in the form of handicrafts in the form of makrame is 10%, after the training is carried out, the knowledge becomes 95%.

Students majoring in PJKR are closer to the world of sports, namely as extracurricular coaches according to sports, sports teachers, instructors or the like. So with this training, it is hoped that it will be able to provide other provisions for field development in business. Implementation of activities: survey of training venues and objectives; then giving a briefing to the training participants (students) of Makrame; prepare makrame training materials and tools; the implementation of makrame training; evaluation of makrame training; and reports of Makrame training service activities. The activity was carried out on the UIBU campus majoring in PJKR, held from April 10 to 21, 2025. Materials needed in makrame training include: 3mm makrame rope, hanging rings, scissors, clear plaster. The initial knowledge of PJKR students in the form of handicrafts in the form of makrame is 10%, after the training is carried out, the knowledge becomes 95%.

This study analyzes the implementation of an integrated information system in public services at the Regional Revenue Agency (Bapenda) of Deli Serdang, particularly in the process of managing regional taxes. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that the implementation of the integrated information system provides significant benefits in improving service efficiency, transparency, and taxpayer compliance. However, several challenges such as public digital literacy, data security, and resistance to change remain obstacles in its implementation. Therefore, solutions such as education, strengthening cybersecurity, and human resource training need to be applied to ensure the sustainability of this system. With continuous development, the integrated information system is expected to enhance the effectiveness of government administration and overall community welfare. The integrated information system implemented at Bapenda Deli Serdang also provides various conveniences, including integration with banks and financial institutions that accelerate the tax payment process and allow for real-time monitoring and evaluation of tax revenues. Additionally, the available digital public information services make it easier for the public to access information related to taxes and levies in a more transparent manner. Thus, the application of technology in this system not only increases efficiency but also contributes to improved tax compliance and the optimization of regional revenue.

The digital era has fundamentally transformed the educational paradigm. This research examines the transformation of teachers' roles in addressing digital technology developments, particularly artificial intelligence (AI) and social media. The purpose of this study is to analyze the importance of technology literacy and digital ethics for teachers in creating adaptive and relevant learning environments. A literature review methodology is employed to identify key components required for teachers to transform into adaptive educators. The findings indicate that teachers need to develop five core competencies: understanding digital tools, critical information evaluation, interactive learning design, facilitating independent learners, and implementing technology ethics. This research contributes to developing a framework for adaptive teachers capable of utilizing technology as an opportunity rather than a threat in the educational process.

The continuous development of technology compels companies to consistently adapt to advancements across various aspects of life. Digital transformation has become an essential need for many organizations today as a strategy to improve service quality and operational efficiency. Alfamart, one of Indonesia's leading retail companies, is currently adopting digital transformation in its business processes. The acceleration of digital transformation in Indonesia necessitates the application of digital technology as a basic platform to support the Industry 4.0 ecosystem, leveraging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, artificial intelligence (AI), and augmented reality. This research employs a qualitative approach and descriptive analysis method to evaluate the impact of digital transformation on PT. Sumber Alfaria Trijaya, Tbk (Alfamart), specifically at the Nangahure unit located in Sikka Regency. Analysis is conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing stages. The research results indicate that the management system at Alfamart Nangahure has been applied in a structured manner and in accordance with the policy standards set by the headquarters. The system includes a well-organized organizational structure, efficient operational management, systematic human resource management, as well as regular evaluation and monitoring processes that support the achievement of store operational targets.

Data communication and computer networking training at TCK Learning Centre Hong Kong is organized to address the need for increased technology literacy among Indonesian migrant workers in the face of digital globalization challenges. This activity is designed in a hybrid format (online and offline) with an approach that integrates theory and practical applications. The goal of this event is to enhance participants' understanding of basic networking concepts, technical skills in configuration and troubleshooting, as well as their analytical abilities in addressing data communication challenges. The implementation method includes material presentation, case studies, interactive discussions, and evaluation through questionnaires. The results of the activity show that the participants' understanding level is very good, with the majority stating that the material presented is easy to understand and of high quality. This activity is also in line with the targets of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), namely quality education and decent work. This training not only empowers participants individually but also strengthens the image of TCK Learning Centre as a strategic partner in the development of a skilled ICT-based workforce.

This study aims to identify the strategies implemented by Al-Qur'an Hadith subject teachers in developing teaching materials in the digital era at MTs Yapika Petanahan Kebumen. In addition, this study also examines the factors that support and inhibit the development of digital teaching materials by teachers. The method used in this study is qualitative with interview and observation techniques. The results show that the strategies implemented include the use of modern technology, multimedia integration, creation of digital teaching materials, use of digital learning platforms, and evaluation. Supporting factors in the development of teaching materials include a wide internet network, student habits in using digital tools, and support from school leaders. Conversely, inhibiting factors consist of inadequate facilities, limited access to electricity in some classes, and the majority of students living in Islamic boarding schools.

This study aims to develop interactive learning media based on PowerPoint in Indonesian language learning at MI Salafiyah 1 Kauman. The background of this study is the lack of interactive and interesting learning media in elementary schools, especially in Indonesian language subjects. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the development of the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model. The media developed contains learning materials, animations, practice questions, and automatic feedback to increase student participation and understanding. The results of the validation test by media experts and material experts show that this media is very suitable for use in learning. Limited trials conducted on students showed an increase in interest, active involvement, and student learning outcomes after using the media. In addition, students feel more motivated and find it easier to understand the material because of the attractive and interactive visual display. Thus, this interactive learning media based on PowerPoint can be an alternative to support a more interesting, enjoyable, and effective learning process in the classroom, especially for elementary school level.

This study examines the role of management accounting in supporting strategic decision-making in manufacturing companies in Indonesia. With a literature study approach and Systematic Literature Review (SLR), this study analyzes various secondary sources from 2020 to 2025. The results of the study indicate that management accounting functions as the main tool in planning, cost control, performance evaluation, and strategic decision-making. The information generated such as cost data, budgets, and performance reports greatly assists management in choosing effective and responsive strategic alternatives to market dynamics. Case studies of several large manufacturing companies show that the implementation of a good management accounting system can improve operational efficiency, optimize resource allocation, and reduce the risk of failure in decision-making. Management accounting also plays a role in supporting investment and product development to maintain competitiveness in the global market. In conclusion, management accounting is a crucial element that strengthens strategic decision-making, so that manufacturing companies can grow and be sustainable in a competitive business environment.

The development of information technology has encouraged government agencies to adopt digital systems to improve the quality of public services. One of these innovations is the Waste Bank Management Information System application (SIMBA), which is used by the Lombok Tengah Environment Agency. This research aims to analyze the usability of the SIMBA application based on three main dimensions of the Webqual 4.0 method, namely usability, information quality, and service interaction quality. The method used is a quantitative approach through the distribution of questionnaires to 51 respondents who are users of the application. Each dimension is measured using a five-point Likert scale to obtain users' perceptions of the quality of the application. The results of the study show that the score for the usability dimension is 188, information quality is 192, and service interaction is 188, with a total Webqual score of 189. This score falls into the 'good' category, indicating that the SIMBA application has met user needs in terms of usability, information quality, and service interaction quality. This research is expected to serve as an evaluation material for the development of environmental service information systems in the future.  

The curriculum for education and training is a plan, objectives, content, and learning approach that is structured to direct the education process in order to achieve certain abilities in students or training participants. In a formal education environment, the curriculum serves as the main guide for institutions and educators in setting learning targets, compiling teaching materials, choosing teaching techniques, and assessing educational outcomes. On the other hand, in training programs, the curriculum focuses more on achieving specific skills needed in the work environment, with materials and strategies adapted to the needs and character of the participants. The main elements of the curriculum include objectives, content, methods, and evaluation, all of which must reinforce each other to ensure the achievement of the desired results, both in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. The process of developing an education and training curriculum requires needs analysis,es goal setting, content development, selection of learning experiences, and preparation of appropriate evaluation instruments. Therefore, the curriculum in education and training not only functions as a tool for planning and organizing learning, but also as a driver of change and improvement in the quality of human resources that are responsive e, and needs in the world of work.

This study examines the role of philosophy in curriculum development at SD 1 Panggarangan. Philosophy of education, as a philosophical foundation, provides a strong framework for designing relevant and meaningful learning for students. This study aims to understand how the principles of educational philosophy, such as perennialism, essentialism, and progressivism, influence curriculum design at SD 1 Panggarangan. Using a descriptive qualitative method, this study gathers data via literature reviews and interviews to explain the research findings. The results show the philosophy of education plays an important role in determining the objectives, content, methods, and evaluation of the curriculum at SD 1 Panggarangan.

In the Business Administration study program, the development of student creativity is often limited to theory, without providing enough space to practice directly making creative products. This causes the development of student creativity which is actually very important in the business world to be less than optimal. To overcome this problem, this activity aims to improve the creativity of 4th semester Business Administration students who take the creativity and innovation course through practical learning of making hair clips from wire feathers. The method of this activity includes the stages of planning, implementing activities, evaluation, and documentation. The results of this activity show a significant increase in creativity, technical skills, and entrepreneurial spirit of students. The output of the activity is a hair clip made by students from wire feathers, which has economic and aesthetic value. This activity has succeeded in providing a useful experience that improves students' abilities in creativity and entrepreneurship and fosters a desire to become entrepreneurs sustainably.

This study evaluates the Mobile Samsat Car Program in North Surabaya using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model to assess the program's effectiveness in improving motor vehicle tax services. A qualitative method was applied, involving observation, interviews, and documentation analyzed descriptively. The context evaluation revealed that the program emerged due to the rising number of vehicles and limited public access to the main Samsat office. The input analysis showed limitations in human resources, operational vehicles, and service facilities, which hinder the delivery of inclusive public services. In the process aspect, the program showed commendable efforts in reaching the public, but coordination issues among agencies and lack of public outreach led to low participation. Regarding the product, the program has yet to significantly enhance taxpayer awareness and compliance. Overall, the CIPP evaluation indicates that while the Mobile Samsat Car Program is a relevant innovation responding to public needs, it still faces several implementation and outcome challenges. To optimize its impact, improvements are needed in resource availability, service processes, and public education strategies. With continuous development guided by evaluation findings, the program holds strong potential to offer effective, accessible, and efficient tax services across all social levels in Surabaya.

This study explores the integration of musical drama as a medium to strengthen computational thinking (CT) among high school students in Jakarta. Computational thinking, a critical 21st-century skill, involves problem-solving through decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithmic thinking. Despite its importance, CT remains underutilized in art education. This research employs a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) to design and implement a project-based learning (PjBL) framework centered on musical drama. The study involved 35 grade XI students who participated in an 8-week musical drama project, divided into creative teams to handle various production aspects. Observations, interviews, and documentation revealed that students effectively applied CT components: decomposing tasks, recognizing patterns in performance elements, simplifying complex narratives (abstraction), and organizing systematic workflows (algorithmic thinking). Results indicated significant improvements in students' logical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and confidence. The study highlights the effectiveness of musical drama as an interdisciplinary tool to enhance CT skills while fostering emotional engagement and character development. It also underscores the teacher's role as a facilitator in promoting reflective and participatory learning. The findings align with prior research on PjBL and CT, suggesting broader applicability in art education. Future research could extend this model to basic education or incorporate digital technologies.

Coping ability is the ability to cope with pressure and problems. there are several types of coping strategies, including passive and active coping. The purpose of this study is to see how social cognitive theory can be applied in guidance and counseling practice to improve adolescents' ability to handle stress. To find the application of the theory in guidance and counseling, relevant literature has been collected and analyzed using the literature review method. Results show that the principles of Cognitive Social Theory, which include strong social support, the use of active coping strategies, and parental involvement, contribute positively to the development of adolescents' coping skills. The results showed that adolescents who participated in a TSC-based guidance and counseling program showed better emotional resilience and self-efficacy. It was found that strengthening coping skills requires support from peers and family. To ensure that the intervention meets the needs of adolescents, ongoing evaluation is also needed. This study points out some issues when implementing a TSC-based guidance program, such as obtaining adequate training for counselors and ensuring that resources are available. It is expected that adolescents will be able to gain better skills to handle diverse situations and improve their emotional resilience by implementing an effective theory-based approach. Further research is needed, especially to improve adolescents' adaptability in today's increasingly complex environment.