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A healthy latrine is one of the essential sanitation facilities aimed at maintaining environmental health and improving public health in general. This research was conducted because the use of healthy latrines in Webetun Village remains low, where defecating in the forest has become a common practice among the community. This habit triggers the emergence of diseases such as diarrhea, malnutrition, undernutrition, dengue fever, and respiratory infections. This study aims to examine the behavior of latrine use in households in Webetun Village, Rinhat Subdistrict, Malaka Regency. This research uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The study involved 66 housewives who owned healthy latrines, selected through simple random sampling. Data analysis was conducted using the chi-square test. The results showed that variables such as latrine ownership (p=0.000) and water availability (p=0.000) were significantly associated with latrine use, while knowledge (p=0.681), attitude (p=0.588), actions (p=0.007), community leader support (p=0.081), and health worker support (p=0.069) were not significantly associated with latrine use. The findings revealed that water availability significantly influences latrine use. The availability of water facilitates family members in utilizing latrine facilities for activities such as flushing and maintaining cleanliness. Water availability also contributes to user comfort in maintaining latrine hygiene. Conversely, water scarcity hinders optimal latrine use by family members, potentially reducing utilization levels. The study findings also identified a correlation between latrine ownership and its use. Families are considered critical factors in shaping individual health behavior. The relationship between proper latrine ownership and usage behavior can be seen through the role of education in increasing awareness levels for adopting a healthy and clean lifestyle. 

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of organizational culture, work environment, psychological capital, and employee empowerment on organizational commitment. This research was conducted on private company employees in Solo Raya using a quantitative method with 190 respondents. Data were collected through questionnaire distribution, and the data analysis used was multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that organizational culture has no effect on organizational commitment, work environment has no effect on organizational commitment, psychological capital has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment, and employee empowerment has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment.

Tourism rural become one of the development strategies that aims for increase welfare public at a time to preserve culture and environment. Lebak Muncang Tourism Village is one of example transformation the village that experienced development significant in sector tourism. Research this aiming for analyze changes that occurred in Lebak Muncang Tourism Village consequence development tourist as well as the impact to environment and society local. The research method used is studies qualitative with approach observation and interview deep to community and stakeholders interests. Research results show that tourist has give benefit economy for public through improvement opportunity work and effort. However, the impact negative also appears, such as improvement amount trash and change pattern social society. Therefore that, is needed policy management more tourism​ sustainable so that the benefits can felt in a way term long without damage balance environment and culture local.

The local government management system is expected to focus on increasing accountability and, at the same time, improving civil servant performance that is oriented toward outcomes. This research aims to conduct a bibliometric examination of local government civil servant performance. This study analyzed 439 articles published from 2013 until July 2022 in the Scopus database on civil servant performance in government. The VosViewer program was utilized in the process of analyzing to find results on the most contributing authors, the number of citations, areas, organizations, publications, and co-occurrences of keywords. These results could create new gaps in the research that will be conducted in the future. The result shows civil servant performance relies on appraisal and work environment improvement. A conducive environment fosters mutual assistance, open communication, and conflict resolution, ultimately improving employee performance and fostering better relationships. Also, performance analysis is crucial for public administration and the public sector.

In today's competitive and dynamic business world, budgeting is no longer viewed solely as an administrative tool but has evolved into a crucial strategic instrument for organizational planning and decision-making. This study aims to explore the strategic role of budgeting in supporting the achievement of organizational goals, particularly through the alignment of short-term and long-term strategies. The method used is a literature study by examining various financial management theories and budgeting practices in several industrial sectors. The results of the study indicate that strategic budgeting can provide clear direction in resource allocation, organizational priority setting, and performance evaluation. In addition to being a control tool, the budget also functions to strengthen coordination between work units and support data-based decision-making. The participation of various stakeholders in the budgeting process plays a crucial role in increasing accountability, transparency, and a sense of ownership in achieving organizational goals. The integration of budget and strategy enables organizations to be more adaptive and responsive to the dynamics of the external environment. Thus, a flexible and participatory budgeting approach is essential so that the budget is not merely a static document but also a dynamic tool in supporting sustainable competitive advantage. This research concludes that strategically oriented budgeting significantly contributes to organizational effectiveness and success in achieving long-term goals.

Scientific writing is an important competency that must be mastered by students, especially in writing a thesis as a requirement for graduation at the undergraduate level. One of the problems often encountered is the weak ability of students to manage references and compile citations in accordance with academic rules. This condition has the potential to reduce the quality of scientific work and violate the principle of academic integrity. Therefore, this community service activity aims to improve students' understanding and skills in reference management through socialization of the use of the Zotero application. This activity was carried out at the Syekh Al-Hasan Ahmad Addary State Islamic University in Padangsidimpuan, involving 45 students as participants. The methods used were socialization and training, which included the delivery of conceptual material on scientific writing and citations, as well as practical assistance in using the Zotero application. The results of the activity showed that students gained a better understanding of the importance of reference management and were able to recognize the use of Zotero as a tool to systematically compile citations and bibliographies. The output of the activity was a Zotero usage guide document that can be used as a supporting reference in writing scientific papers. This activity contributes to improving students' academic and digital literacy and supports efforts to prevent plagiarism in the university environment.

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between human resource management, training, and motivation in increasing sales in the retail sector. This study uses a qualitative approach with a Case Study method in 5 Retail Stores in West Nabire District, Nabire Regency, Central Papua Province. The research location is in Nabire District, Nabire Regency, Central Papua Province which was conducted for 1 month, namely from February to March 2025. The method of collecting informants was carried out using the Snowball method and obtained informants as many as 72 store employees from 5 retail stores. The data collection technique was carried out using the Triangulation method, namely Observation, Interviews, and Documentation. Data analysis was carried out by organizing data, sorting into one manageable data, synthesizing, searching and finding patterns, finding important things that can be learned, and systematically compiling data obtained from interviews, field notes, and research documentation conducted. The results of the study show that: (a). The average level of employee education is high school. (b). Employee motivation in increasing sales in the retail business is not always influenced by training factors. (c). Employee motivation to increase sales depends on employee comfort in the workplace (environment, bonuses, incentives, and fairness in employee performance appraisals).

This study aims to systematically examine the influence of transformational leadership and organizational culture on nurses' performance in hospitals. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with a qualitative approach. The findings indicate that transformational leadership has a significant impact on improving nurses’ performance, particularly through enhanced work motivation, job satisfaction, loyalty, and team effectiveness. Transformational leaders inspire nurses by providing a vision, encouraging innovation, and fostering a supportive environment that aligns with their values and goals. As a result, nurses exhibit increased commitment to their work, higher engagement levels, and a proactive attitude toward their tasks, leading to better overall performance. Organizational culture also plays a crucial role, especially values such as collaboration, human orientation, and integrity, which have been shown to support a positive work environment and nurse productivity. A culture that prioritizes teamwork, shared responsibility, and mutual respect enables nurses to work more cohesively and efficiently. Hospitals with a supportive and inclusive culture experience reduced turnover rates and higher job satisfaction, as nurses feel valued and respected within the organization. Additionally, when the culture encourages continuous learning and professional development, nurses are more likely to stay updated on best practices and provide high-quality care to patients. However, differences in findings across studies suggest the need for contextual understanding and consistent internalization of cultural values. Factors such as geographical location, hospital size, and leadership styles may influence the degree of impact that transformational leadership and organizational culture have on nurse performance. Therefore, it is essential to adapt leadership strategies and cultural initiatives to the unique needs and challenges of each healthcare setting.

Technicians in radiology departments are continuously exposed to ionizing radiation, which can affect biological systems. This study aimed to investigate the effects of low-level ionizing radiation (IR) on antioxidant enzymes and blood components in radiology personnel. The study involved forty participants aged 30 to 45 years, divided into three groups: G1 as the control group (n=10), G2 consisting of 15 radiologists, and G3 comprising 15 radiology technology workers. Participants in G2 and G3 had work experience ranging from 5 to 15 years and were employed in X-ray and CT scan departments at General K1 Hospital, Kirkuk. The measured parameters included white blood cells (WBCs), platelets, and lymphocytes, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and albumin as indicators of redox status. The results showed a significant increase in MDA levels among radiology workers compared to the control group, while SOD, TAC, and albumin levels decreased (P<0.05). Additionally, radiation-exposed workers had a higher mean count of WBCs and lymphocytes than the control group (P<0.05), whereas platelet levels were significantly lower (P<0.05). This study indicates that occupational radiation exposure can cause short-term changes in blood cells and increase the circulating redox state in healthcare workers operating in CT and IR environments compared to those not exposed to radiation. These findings highlight the importance of regular health monitoring for radiology personnel to mitigate potential long-term effects of radiation exposure.

This study examines the influence of leadership style, organizational culture, and work environment on employee work discipline at the Population Control, Family Planning, Women's Empowerment, and Child Protection Agency of Sukoharjo Regency. The research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing primary data collected through questionnaires. The study's population consists of 37 employees, and due to the limited number of respondents (less than 100), a saturated sampling technique was applied, ensuring the inclusion of all members in the study.The research utilizes multiple linear regression analysis, t-test, F-test, and the coefficient of determination (R²) as statistical analysis techniques. The t-test results reveal that leadership style (X1) does not have a significant effect on employee work discipline, whereas organizational culture (X2) and work environment (X3) have a significant positive influence. The F-test results confirm that the regression model used in this study is appropriate for explaining the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Additionally, the R² test results indicate the proportion of variance in employee work discipline that can be explained by the independent variables.The findings suggest that fostering a strong organizational culture and improving the work environment can enhance employee work discipline. Meanwhile, leadership style alone does not significantly impact discipline levels. The study recommends that organizations prioritize developing a supportive work culture and conducive work environment while reassessing leadership strategies to align with employee needs. These insights provide valuable implications for policymakers and organizational leaders aiming to improve workforce discipline and productivity.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the main challenges in the health sector in Indonesia, with a fairly high number of cases each year. This study aims to analyze the distribution of TB cases based on occupation and identify community groups that are at higher risk of spreading this disease. The data used in this study were obtained from estimates of the 2022 TB epidemiology report. The results of the analysis show that informal workers, such as laborers and traders, are the group with the highest number of TB cases, at 36.0%. This is followed by formal workers (21.6%), farmers/fishermen (17.3%), housewives (14.4%), students (6.5%), and unemployed or retired groups (4.2%). The high prevalence of TB in informal workers is caused by several factors, including an unhygienic work environment, limited access to health services, and unhealthy lifestyles. Based on these findings, a more effective strategy is needed in efforts to prevent and control TB, especially for groups with high levels of vulnerability. Health education, increasing access to health services, improving work environment sanitation, and early detection programs are important steps in reducing the spread of TB. With the right intervention, it is hoped that the number of TB cases in Indonesia can be reduced significantly.

The interaction between teachers and students plays a crucial role in creating an effective learning environment. Empathy-based communication is an approach that can enhance the quality of interaction by understanding students' emotional and academic needs. This study aims to analyze the role of empathetic communication in supporting the teaching process. A qualitative research approach was employed, with a case study conducted at SDN 060842 Sekip Medan. Data were collected through observations and interviews with homeroom teachers. The findings indicate that empathy-based communication can increase student participation, create a positive learning environment, and help teachers identify learning obstacles. However, the implementation of empathetic communication still faces challenges, such as teachers' workload and time constraints. Therefore, training and policies that support its implementation in schools are necessary. This study emphasizes that empathetic communication is not just a teaching strategy but also a means of building stronger and more harmonious relationships between teachers and students.

Empowering an effective work culture is the key to improving team performance to achieve the vision and mission of the Student Activity Unit (UKM), especially UKM Sakuntala. In improving the performance of the Sakuntala UKM team, they often face several challenges in terms of communication, motivation, training, performance monitoring and giving awards. To overcome these challenges, training was carried out using counseling and question and answer methods, presenting material on the concept of effective work culture in improving team performance. The research results show that an effective work culture, such as effective communication, teamwork, and motivation, has a significant impact on the performance of the Sakuntala UKM team. Material includes Empowering an Effective Work Culture, Collaboration and Teamwork, and the Role of Leaders. The results of this outreach show that all members of UKM Sakuntala have a fairly good understanding of effective work culture and understand enough about improving teamwork. This counseling also emphasizes the importance of harmonious relationships between leaders and subordinates, as well as a conducive work environment. It is hoped that this counseling can help Sakuntala UKM members develop a more effective work culture, improve communication skills, strengthen the performance of the Sakuntala UKM team, and provide insight into facing the challenges that exist in the organization. This provides a strong foundation for empowering a more effective work culture in the future for Sakuntala.

This study discusses the importance of developing soft skills and hard skills for vocational high school students in preparing themselves to enter the workforce. Soft skills, such as communication, teamwork, and leadership, are considered key factors in creating a productive and harmonious work environment. Meanwhile, hard skills, which include specific technical abilities, are the main foundation in carrying out operational tasks. The combination of these two types of skills not only improves work efficiency but also allows the workforce to adapt quickly to changes and challenges in various industrial sectors. This study emphasizes that although hard skills are often the main focus, soft skills have an equally important role in supporting long-term career success. This study also identifies various effective strategies for developing both types of skills, including practice-based training, mentoring, and the use of technology in learning. The results of the study indicate that the integrated development of soft skills and hard skills can increase the productivity and competitiveness of the workforce in the era of globalization and digital transformation.

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is a crucial aspect of the textile industry to ensure worker protection and maintain smooth production processes. This study aims to identify and analyze potential occupational accident risks in the sizing machine process. The methods used in this research are Job Safety Analysis (JSA) and Risk Assessment to evaluate workplace hazards that may disrupt operations. The results indicate several major risks in the sizing process, including mechanical hazards due to direct contact with machines, ergonomic hazards caused by improper working postures, and chemical hazards from exposure to cotton dust and sizing solution vapors. The main risk factors include human aspects, the work environment, and machinery. The recommended improvements in this study include enhancing work supervision and control, providing safety training for workers, optimizing workplace ergonomics, and conducting regular machine maintenance to reduce accident risks. The proper implementation of safety strategies is expected to improve production efficiency and create a safer and more conducive work environment.

This service aims to analyze the improvement of learning quality at SD Negeri 173653 Nalela through the application of additional learning methods. This activity was carried out by HKBP Nommensen University students involved in the Community Service Practice Lecture (KPPM) program. The research method in this service is a qualitative analysis approach. To obtain the necessary data and information, observations and interviews were conducted. Information is obtained from direct observation, interviews, and also documentation in the form of photographs of activities. The results of this service show that this program has succeeded in increasing student motivation and understanding of the subject matter. In addition, the social interaction that occurs in additional learning activities creates a more supportive environment, so students feel more motivated. However, the challenges faced include the long distance between each elementary school student's home and the KPPM Group IX pokso. This additional learning work program is strongly supported by the Nalela village community as parents of children who participate in additional learning. This service suggests that the additional learning program be expanded to include more students and actively involve parents and the community. With a comprehensive approach, it is hoped that the quality of education in SD Negeri 173653 Nalela can continue to improve.

A retail company is a company that sells goods or services directly to the end consumer. The success of a retail company is highly dependent on employee satisfaction which if employee satisfaction is met, work productivity will be effective so that it can encourage the company to achieve its goals. However, if employee satisfaction is not met, it will cause poor productivity so that it can have an impact on the company's achievements. This study aims to analyze and determine the influence of career development and work environment on employee job satisfaction at PT Silverindo Djaya Lestari. The study used a statistical quantitative method with a sample of 43 employees. The independent variables in this study are career development and work environment, while the dependent variable is employee job satisfaction. The results of this study show that partially career development has a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction with a tcal value of 4,575 t table 2,021 and a sig value of 0.000<0.05, and the work environment also has a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction with a tcal value of 2,343>t table 2,021 and a sig value of 0.024<0.05. And simultaneously career development and work environment have a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction with a fcal value of 31,783>f table 4,085 and a sig value of 0.000<0.05.

Ahlussunnah Wal Jama’ah (Aswaja) is an Islamic doctrine based on the Qur’an, Hadith, and the understanding of the companions and early scholars. This study aims to examine the Qur’anic and Hadith-based evidence that legitimizes Aswaja and its relevance to Islamic education. The research employs a literature review method, analyzing primary sources such as classical and contemporary tafsir books, major Hadith collections (Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan Tirmidhi), and scholarly works by figures like Imam Ash’ari and Al-Ghazali. The findings indicate that Qur’anic verses, such as Surah Al-An’am (6:153) and Surah Ali Imran (3:103), emphasize the importance of adhering to the straight path, which is a central tenet of Aswaja. Furthermore, the Hadith on the division of the Muslim ummah into 73 sects supports Aswaja’s position as al-firqah an-najiyah (the saved sect). These sources provide textual legitimacy to the doctrine of Aswaja, affirming its central role in preserving Islamic unity. The implications for Islamic education are significant, including the integration of Aswaja values into curricula, the promotion of a moderate and balanced understanding of Islam, and the strengthening of faith based on authentic textual evidence. By incorporating Aswaja principles, educators can foster an environment that prioritizes tolerance, inclusivity, and intellectual engagement within Islamic educational settings. This study contributes to reinforcing a moderate and tolerant Islamic approach, promoting a harmonious balance between tradition and modernity in educational contexts.

Human Resource Management (HRM) is a strategic approach to managing the workforce within an organization, aiming to enhance both individual effectiveness and overall organizational performance. Job satisfaction plays a crucial role as a supplement for employees to maintain and carry out their jobs. When employees feel valued and heard, they tend to have higher intrinsic motivation, leading to improved performance. This research employs a quantitative approach with data collection techniques using questionnaires. The data analysis technique utilized is multiple regression analysis. The results of the study reveal that: Testing results indicate that discipline significantly affects the job satisfaction of employees at the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) in Banyuwangi Regency; Testing results indicate that the work environment significantly affects the job satisfaction of employees at the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) in Banyuwangi Regency; Testing results indicate that Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) significantly affects the job satisfaction of employees at the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) in Banyuwangi Regency; Testing results indicate that discipline, work environment, and OCB collectively affect the job satisfaction of employees at the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) in Banyuwangi Regency. High discipline, supported by clear rules, can improve the job satisfaction of KUA employees in Banyuwangi Regency. Employees who feel comfortable in their workplace contribute to higher job satisfaction. Employees exhibiting strong OCB are more likely to experience greater job satisfaction. The synergy of high discipline, a conducive work environment, and strong OCB can significantly enhance the job satisfaction of KUA employees in Banyuwangi Regency.

The work environment is all conditions or situations in the workplace that affect employees in carrying out their duties and responsibilities. Work discipline is the attitude and behavior of employees that shows compliance with the rules, policies, and procedures that have been set by the company or organization. This study aims to determine the extent to which the work environment and work discipline influence employee performance. This study uses a quantitative method, the sampling technique is to use the saturated method, where this study has 50 respondents, the data collection technique is carried out by observation and questionnaires. The results of the calculation of the t test where the sig value has a partial effect on X1 on Y is 0.000 <0.05 and the calculated t value is 4.597> t table 1.679. So that the work environment has a significant effect on employee performance, then the calculation of the t test where the sig value has a partial effect on X2 on Y, The calculation results on the t sig test are 0.009 <0.05 and the calculated t value is 2.740> t table 1.679. where the sig value has a partial effect on X2 on Y, then the calculation of the f sig test is 0.000 <0.05 and the calculated t value is 39.04> t table 3.20 So, which means H3 is accepted, it can be concluded that the work environment X1 and work discipline X2 simultaneously or together have a significant effect on employee performance.