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Strategic decision-making ability is an important skill that must be possessed by the leaders of Islamic educational institutions to support the achievement of educational goals, improve the quality of learning, and build institutional governance in accordance with Islamic values. The purpose of this study is for operational planning in Islamic educational organizations through measurable strategic decision-making. The focus of the study is directed at how operational definitions of programs, indicators, activities, and scheduling based on the academic calendar can reflect the readiness of educational institutions in facing future challenges. This study uses a library research method by collecting data from various written sources such as books, scientific journals, and relevant official documents. The results of the study show that clarity in formulating program indicators, selecting relevant persons in charge, and integration be-tween strategy and operational activities can increase the effectiveness of achieving the vision and mis-sion of Islamic educational institutions. Therefore, operational planning is not only technical, but is an integral part of the strategic management of Islamic education.

This research focuses on designing the shortest path to a docking station for the charging system of a robotic coffee delivery system on a cruise ship. With the growing demand for more efficient and innovative services in the maritime industry, autonomous robots are increasingly being used for tasks such as delivering coffee to passengers. However, these robots face unique challenges in the confined and dynamic environment of a ship, particularly in terms of power management and recharging. The goal of this research is to create an efficient charging system using a power bank and Internet of Things (IoT) technology to minimize downtime and ensure continuous robot operation with minimal human intervention. By utilizing sensors such as the MPU 6050 for motion detection and the TCS 3200 for color recognition, the robot can autonomously navigate the shortest path to the docking station for charging, while IoT enables real-time battery capacity monitoring. This helps reduce the time spent on non-operational tasks and improves the overall efficiency of the system. This research not only enhances the robot’s ability to operate autonomously in complex environments but also provides a flexible and scalable solution for the maritime industry to integrate advanced robotics into their service operations. The results of this study contribute to the increased adoption of autonomous systems in the maritime sector, particularly in improving service efficiency on board, reducing the need for human intervention, and ensuring smoother service delivery to passengers.

Current water safety issues in society are very diverse. Water quality safety issues are closely related to the bioethics of water testing, because water testing involves protecting human health and the environment. Water quality testing is an important part of ensuring that the water consumed is safe for human health. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of bioethical principles in water quality testing (Pb and Cd). This study was conducted in March 2025 at the UPT Food Security Laboratory of Medan City. The data analysis used in this study used qualitative descriptive methods to see the pattern of observation responses. The results of the study showed that in the bioethical aspect of sample testing, analysts who conducted the testing had implemented bioethics or SOPs that apply in food quality and safety testing laboratories. In conducting water testing for lead and cadmium examination, the procedures used were in accordance with applicable requirements using testing procedures from SNI (Indonesian National Standard).

In the current digital era, SMEs in the culinary sector face challenges in adopting technology to improve operational efficiency. One solution to address this issue is the use of a simple and cost-effective QR Code-based application. This study aims to develop and implement siMenu, an application that provides table, order, and product management solutions without integrating complex digital payment systems. The method used is Project-Based Learning (PBL), which allows the development of technical skills while designing a sustainable business model through Business Model Canvas (BMC). The results show that siMenu successfully improved operational efficiency for SMEs, reduced ordering errors, and provided an easy-to-adopt solution with low implementation costs. However, challenges in application development and building user trust remain obstacles. The conclusion of this study is that simple digital solutions like siMenu can help SMEs in the culinary sector digitally transform and stay competitive in an increasingly evolving market.  

Waste management is increasingly critical due to the rising waste generated by community activities driven by a consumptive lifestyle. A key solution to this issue is the implementation of waste bank programs, though community participation and operational efficiency remain challenges, as seen with the Bangkitku Waste Bank in Jambi City. This study focuses on designing the user interface for the Bangkitku Waste Bank Information System using the design thinking method and evaluating the usability of the prototype. The design process followed the five stages of design thinking: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test, with data collected through interviews and observations. The analysis involved tools such as empathy maps, user personas, sitemaps, and user flows, with prototypes created using Figma. Usability testing was conducted with 10 participants, including administrators and customers, resulting in high usability scores—98 for administrators and 97 for customers. The majority of participants found the system easy to use, as indicated by responses on the Single Ease Question (SEQ) survey. The prototype met key usability criteria, improving both operational efficiency and community engagement in waste bank management. The findings demonstrate the system's potential to foster sustainable environmental practices and enhance the effectiveness of waste bank management.

This study aims to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) in the development of culinary MSMEs in Central Java Province. A descriptive qualitative approach was used, with data collection conducted through interviews, observations, and secondary document review. Data analysis was performed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, which allowed for the systematic processing and interpretation of the gathered data. The findings revealed that the key strengths of culinary MSMEs in Central Java include clear market segmentation, strategic locations, and product innovation. These strengths enable the businesses to reach targeted customers effectively and maintain competitiveness in a dynamic market. However, the main weaknesses identified include limited utilization of digital technology and a lack of managerial development, which hinder their ability to scale and improve operational efficiency. The study also highlighted significant opportunities for growth, such as government support for MSMEs and the rapid development of digital technologies that can enhance marketing and operational processes. Despite these opportunities, the threats facing these businesses include intense competition from both local and global players, as well as a low level of interest in entrepreneurship among the younger generation, which limits the growth potential of new businesses. Based on the SWOT analysis, the study proposes a development strategy matrix that MSMEs and policymakers can use to address weaknesses, capitalize on opportunities, and mitigate threats. This strategy emphasizes the need for digital transformation, investment in managerial skills, and fostering an entrepreneurial culture to ensure the sustainable growth of culinary MSMEs in the region. The findings provide valuable insights for both business owners and policymakers to support the development of the culinary sector in Central Java

Software testing is a crucial stage in the development of information systems to ensure that applications can function according to user needs. System feasibility testing using UAT is intended to ensure that the system meets the functional requirements specified by the users. This study aims to apply UAT to a financial and inventory management information system used to manage various operational needs of the company, such as inventory recording, expense and income reporting, and employee wages. The UAT process is conducted by the system’s end-users, consisting of 16 respondents, including employees and the owner of CV. Nitah Tirta Makassar. The testing methodology includes several stages: UAT planning, preparing test questions through a Google Forms (gforms) questionnaire, conducting the tests, and analyzing the test result calculations. The results of this study indicate that the financial and inventory management information system meets user needs, based on UAT questionnaire score calculations that achieved an average interpretation score above 87% with a "very good" rating. With the implementation of UAT, it can be concluded that the financial and inventory management information system meets the users' requirements.

This research aims to analyze the impact of the merger between PT Indosat Tbk (ISAT) and PT Hutchison 3 Indonesia (H3I) on both companies. Through a merger analysis approach, we identify key factors that influence the success or failure of the integration between these two entities. The research method is literature review to search a financial information and annual reports. Qualitative and quantitative analyses are used to measure the impact of the merger on the financial, operational, and reputational performance of both companies. The research findings indicate that the merger between ISAT and H3I has a positive impact on operational efficiency and economies of scale. However, challenges related to technology integration, corporate culture, and human resource management are also identified as critical factors that need to be addressed. Furthermore, this research discusses the implications of the merger on the telecommunications market in Indonesia and its impact on industry competition. These findings provide valuable insights for business practitioners, regulators, and academics interested in the study of merger impacts in the telecommunications sector.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) loading and unloading process at PT Pertamina Energy Tanjung Sekong Terminal, a key infrastructure in Indonesia's national energy distribution. The evaluation was based on technical and operational indicators, including the Berthing Occupancy Ratio (BOR), Length Over All (LOA), berthing time, cargo volume, and vessel visit frequency. The results show that BOR ranged between 55–65%, indicating efficient jetty utilization. The average vessel LOA was 120 meters, matching the jetty’s capacity. The average berthing time was recorded at 18 hours per visit, with unloading volumes between 2,500–3,000 metric tons and vessel frequency ranging from 8 to 10 visits per month. The main constraints affecting effectiveness included extreme weather, technical equipment failures, and limited supporting facilities. This study recommends improving equipment maintenance, strengthening operational coordination, and developing a risk management system to ensure smooth and sustainable LPG handling operations at the terminal.

As global pressure for decarbonizing the maritime sector intensifies, ports worldwide, including in Indonesia, are facing demands to transform into green ports. This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the multidimensional challenges and complex stakeholder dynamics in the implementation of the green port concept in Indonesia. Using a descriptive qualitative method based on a documentary study, this research integrates Stakeholder Theory and Institutional Theory to dissect the interactions among actors and the external pressures shaping sustainability strategies. The main findings indicate that the green transition in Indonesian ports is hindered by three primary challenges: (1) economic constraints related to high investment and operational costs, (2) socio-economic trade-offs that risk impeding regional economic growth, and (3) fragmented governance among government institutions. Stakeholder analysis identifies fundamental conflicts of interest among the government, port operators, the private sector, and local communities. The implication of this research is the need for a shift from showcase projects to a holistic, systemic transformation, supported by a robust multi-stakeholder governance platform and effective incentive schemes to encourage widespread adoption of green technology.

Good financial planning can create operational effectiveness in educational institutions. This article analyzes the importance of financial planning in school management, covering aspects such as the development of facilities and infrastructure, the improvement of student learning quality, and teacher welfare. The research method used is quantitative with a library research approach, where data is obtained from various scholarly articles and relevant books sourced from Google Scholar. The findings indicate that schools effectively apply for funding and evaluate fund utilization annually. Poor financial planning can disrupt school operations, leading to issues such as delayed teacher salaries, insufficient learning facilities, and other challenges. To achieve effective financial management, technological mastery is essential to ensure operations that are effective, efficient, and accountable.

This study aims to enhance the quality of operational performance by implementing the Holonic Manufacturing System (HMS). The system involves dividing manufacturing processes into autonomous, collaborative, and participatory holons, including the Order Holon, Product Holon, Resource Holon, and Staff Holon. The primary objective is to optimize production efficiency by reducing costs, minimizing processing time, and increasing flexibility while improving overall organizational productivity. The research problem centers on evaluating the impact of holonic manufacturing on operational performance improvement. This study is significant as it addresses a critical issue for firms striving to enhance their efficiency and deliver value to customers. The adoption of HMS is not only a practical approach but also a widely recognized business strategy that has garnered interest from researchers and industry professionals alike.To achieve the study’s objectives, a structured questionnaire comprising 36 items was developed and distributed to participants. Two primary hypotheses were formulated to examine the relationship between HMS implementation and operational performance quality. Various statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS (version 24) and AMOS (version 24) to test the hypotheses and validate the findings. The results indicate a significant correlation and causal relationship between the Holonic Manufacturing System and operational performance quality. The findings suggest that implementing HMS effectively enhances organizational performance by improving production processes, increasing efficiency, and reducing operational constraints. Therefore, adopting this system can lead to a more agile, cost-effective, and productive manufacturing environment, making it a valuable strategy for modern organizations.

been resolved in Indonesia. This research aims to determine the influence of Port Services, Loading and Unloading Performance, Loading and Unloading Equipment and Natural Factors on Idle Time at the Koja Container Terminal, Tanjung Priok Port, Jakarta. The population in this study were operational employees and ship crew from the deck department division. The sample used in this research was 80 respondents. And using a disproportionate stratified random sampling technique, then the data was analyzed using multiple linear regression with the help of (software) Statistical Package For Social Science (SPSS) Version 25. Based on the research results and data analysis, the regression equation was produced: Y= -1.176+ 0.334X1+ 0.181X2 + 0.318X3 + 0.302X4+ . From the equation it is known that the dominant variable influencing Idle Time is the Port Services variable with a regression coefficient of 0.334. The R2 (R square) test obtained a result of (67%), which means that Idle Time at the Koja Container Terminal, Tanjung Priok Port, Jakarta, is influenced by the variables Port Service, Loading and Unloading Performance, Loading and Unloading Equipment and Natural Factors, namely 67%. The conclusion  is  that the independent  variables  (port  services,  loading  and unloading performance, loading and unloading equipment, and natural factors) have a negative and significant effect on the dependent variable Idle Time. This is because the results of the multiple linear regression equation show that t count > t table.

This study aims to analyze the efficiency of raw material inventory control for bread products at Rejeki Bakery in Mijen, Semarang, and to examine the application of the Material Requirement Planning (MRP) method in optimizing raw material inventory costs. The research employs a quantitative approach using secondary data as the main source. The data analysis technique utilized in this study is the Material Requirement Planning (MRP) method, which includes three inventory control techniques: Lot For Lot (LFL), Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), and Period Order Quantity (POQ). Each method was analyzed to determine the most efficient inventory cost. The results show that the raw material inventory cost using the Lot For Lot (LFL) method is Rp 2,400,000.00, the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method results in an inventory cost of Rp 2,992,600.00, while the Period Order Quantity (POQ) method incurs a cost of Rp 6,924,800.00. Additionally, the current raw material inventory cost under Rejeki Bakery’s management policy is Rp 2,681,600.00. Based on these findings, the implementation of the Material Requirement Planning (MRP) method at Rejeki Bakery in Mijen, Semarang, has demonstrated its effectiveness in improving the efficiency of inventory management. Among the three techniques analyzed, the Lot For Lot (LFL) method proves to be the most cost-effective, as it minimizes excess inventory while ensuring that production needs are met. This study highlights the importance of selecting an appropriate inventory control method to optimize costs and enhance operational efficiency in bakery production.

Understanding fraction concepts remains one of the biggest challenges in elementary mathematics education. Many students struggle with grasping fundamental fraction concepts, performing calculations, and applying them in problem-solving contexts. This study aims to analyze various factors contributing to students' difficulties in understanding fractions using a systematic approach Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Data were collected from relevant scholarly articles published between 2020 and 2025. The findings indicate that the primary difficulties students face in understanding fractions stem from a lack of conceptual comprehension, weak operational skills, and challenges in converting word problems into mathematical models. Additionally, low learning motivation and limited teaching method variations also contribute to students' struggles with fraction concepts.

Supplier selection is a strategic element in supply chain management to ensure operational efficiency and business sustainability. This study aims to determine the best urea supplier for PT DSSA 1, a textile company specializing in dyeing and finishing processes, using the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method. This method was chosen for its ability to systematically analyze interdependencies among criteria, leading to more accurate and comprehensive decision-making. Data were collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews with internal company sources, and relevant literature reviews. The analysis was based on five main criteria: quality, price, service, delivery, and flexibility, each further broken down into sub-criteria. The results indicate that quality is the most critical criterion, with the highest weight of 23.19%, followed by price, service, and delivery, each with relatively balanced weights of 19.93%. Flexibility, although ranked last with a weight of 17.01%, remains relevant, especially for urgent orders. Based on the analysis, Supplier A was identified as the best choice with the highest overall weight, followed by Supplier B and Supplier C. This study provides practical contributions by offering strategic recommendations for PT DSSA 1 in selecting suppliers that support production efficiency and business sustainability. The study is limited in the scope of criteria and the number of suppliers analyzed. Future research is recommended to explore more variables, expand the sample size, and consider the implementation of digital technologies to optimize the supply chain.

MSMEs play a key role in the national economy, especially in increasing economic growth and creating new jobs. However, in the digital era, MSMEs face major problems, such as low levels of digital literacy, limited access to the internet, and fierce competition with large companies that have used technology before. This study examines the variables that influence the sustainability of MSMEs amidst digital challenges and finds methods that can be used so that MSMEs can survive and grow. The research method was carried out through surveys and direct interviews with MSME actors at Pasar Pagi Setia Budi, Medan, North Sumatra. The results of the study showed that most MSME actors did not utilize digital platforms for marketing and transactions, which resulted in decreased income. To increase competitiveness, MSMEs need to improve their digital knowledge, adopt online marketing strategies, and optimize the use of e-commerce and social media. Support from the government, financial institutions, and technology companies is also very important. In the increasingly competitive digital era, by implementing the right digitalization strategy, MSMEs can improve operational efficiency, expand market reach, and maintain the sustainability of their business.

Along with the development of the industrial sector, companies are competing to create quality and affordable products. To support production, automation tools have emerged that help the production process so that it is faster. One of the machines that is widely used by large factories is a 3-phase induction motor. 3-phase induction motors are often used in driving equipment in industry because they have a simple construction, are relatively cheap, lightweight, have high efficiency, and are easy to maintain. This study utilizes the A3114 hall effect sensor device, PZEM-PP4T Sensor, 20x4 LCD, ESP32 module, Relay, Mitsubishi D700, MCP 4725 Sensor. The tests carried out showed that the performance of the sensor for measuring speed, voltage, and current on 3-phase motors has a high level of accuracy. Testing of motor speed shows a difference in speed value (Rpm) between the hall effect sensor and the tachometer, with an average accuracy percentage of 4,12%, indicating that the hall effect sensor has a fairly good level of accuracy. For voltage measurement, the Pzem sensor compared to the Multitester produces an average accuracy percentage of 0,90%, indicating that the pzem sensor is very reliable. Meanwhile, current testing shows a difference in value between the pzem sensor and the multitester with an average accuracy percentage of 0,98%, indicating a fairly high level of accuracy. Overall, this system can be relied on for measuring operational parameters of 3-phase motors because it has consistent and good accuracy. With this research, the 3-phase induction motor monitoring system which was originally done manually has changed to automatic and has a fairly high level of work efficiency.

The development of the economy and business sector in every country in the world is a trigger for competition between companies to gain profit. This competition raises demands for the relevance and reliability of the company's financial reports that are sustainable, which are intended to avoid conflict between users of financial reports, both internally and externally, so that proper company management is needed in managing the components in the company. This writing is a descriptive qualitative research in the form of observation, interviews and documentation at PT PLN (Persero). Based on the data found that non-operating assets are still included in the status of operating assets and if not immediately proposed will increase the accumulated depreciation costs. Depreciation costs are one of the elements of the company's operational costs that affect the company's profit because they reduce revenue. In addition to depreciation costs, there are also costs that will have an impact, namely the cost of maintaining warehouse operations. Therefore, the company must develop a more efficient and effective strategy to manage these non-operating assets so as not to burden operations and financial performance in the long term. Thus, it is concluded that in the implementation of the asset management system there are still various obstacles in the form of incomplete administrative data and assets that have not been neatly inventoried and external obstacles such as irregular material returns that further complicate asset data management. So the author makes a recommendation, namely the implementation of an integrated asset digitalization system to help track the condition and location of assets more accurately, to speed up the identification process.

The digital transformation of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia is crucial for enhancing competitiveness and sustainability in the digital economy era. However, MSMEs face significant challenges, including low digital literacy, limited financial resources, uneven digital infrastructure, and insufficient regulatory support. This study aims to analyze these challenges and propose adaptation strategies through a qualitative literature review approach. Data were collected from credible sources, including academic journals, government reports, and reputable articles, focusing on the period from 2019 to 2024. The findings highlight the importance of external support, such as training, mentoring, and government policies, in facilitating digital transformation. Key strategies include improving digital literacy, collaborating with digital platforms, and fostering product innovation. The study also emphasizes the need for government intervention in infrastructure development and policy reform to create a conducive ecosystem for MSMEs. While digital transformation offers significant benefits, such as operational efficiency, market expansion, and increased competitiveness, the digital divide between urban and rural MSMEs remains a critical issue. This research provides recommendations for stakeholders to ensure inclusive and sustainable digital transformation for all MSMEs in Indonesia.