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Electric Vehicles Require A Reliable Monitoring System To Maintain Their Efficiency And Safety. This Study Designs A Monitoring System For Battery Condition And Vehicle Location Based On The Esp32 Microcontroller And The Mit App Inventor Application. The System Uses The Pzem 017 Sensor To Monitor Voltage, Current, Power, Energy, As Well As Battery Capacity And Health, And The Neo-7m Gps Module For Location Tracking. Data Is Displayed In Real Time Through An Android Application. Test Results Show That The System Provides Accurate Information, With Minimal And Statistically Insignificant Measurement Errors According To The Paired T-Test. The System Also Remains Stable At Various Vehicle Speeds (Anova), And The Location Tracking Demonstrates An Average Accuracy Of 4.77 Meters In Open Areas. In Enclosed Areas, The Error Increases To An Average Of 10.26 Meters. The System Is Also Capable Of Automatically Calculating Battery Capacity And Health. Overall, The Developed System Proves To Be Effective, Efficient, And Flexible In Supporting The Reliability And Safety Of Electric Vehicles.

This study aims to analyze the influence of influencer marketing and brand image on tapioca flour purchasing decisions in Surabaya. The research approach used is quantitative, with a sample of 100 respondents through the distribution of questionnaires boldly using Google Form. The sample was selected using convenience sampling techniques, with respondents who were consumers of tapioca flour. The data collected included primary and secondary data. Data analysis was carried out using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method, and involved validity, reliability, and hypothesis testing. The results showed that influencer marketing and brand image had a positive and significant influence on tapioca flour purchasing decisions in the city of Surabaya.

This research focuses on the development and evaluation of an Adaptive Edge-AI framework designed to optimize real-time data processing and decision-making in resource-constrained environments, specifically within smart city infrastructures. The primary problem addressed is the challenge of minimizing latency, reducing energy consumption, and ensuring the reliability of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) when using Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The objective of the study is to assess the effectiveness of this framework in real-world smart city applications such as traffic monitoring, environmental sensing, and smart utilities management. The proposed method integrates lightweight AI models, edge computing, and adaptive resource management techniques, including Federated Learning and Neural Architecture Search, to ensure optimal performance while addressing hardware constraints. The main findings reveal that the framework significantly improves real-time inference speed, reduces energy consumption of IoT devices, and enhances CPS reliability by minimizing communication delays and ensuring continuous system operation despite network disruptions. The application of this framework to smart transportation and urban utilities further demonstrates its potential to optimize city management processes. The study concludes that the Adaptive Edge-AI framework offers a promising solution for smart cities, enhancing operational efficiency, sustainability, and resilience. It is recommended for integration into smart city infrastructures to enable better resource management and decision-making in real-time applications.

This study examines the influence of leverage, profitability, and capital structure on earnings management in consumer non-cyclicals companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2019–2023. Earnings management has become a central issue in financial reporting, as it reflects managerial discretion in presenting financial information that may not fully align with the company’s actual economic condition. Understanding the determinants of earnings management is therefore essential to enhance transparency, credibility, and stakeholder trust in corporate financial reports. The research employed a quantitative approach using multiple linear regression analysis, with data processed through SPSS version 25. The sample consisted of 104 company-year observations, which were selected using purposive sampling techniques and subsequently refined through outlier testing to ensure data validity and reliability. The independent variables analyzed were leverage, profitability, and capital structure, while earnings management served as the dependent variable. The empirical findings demonstrate that leverage and profitability exert a significant influence on earnings management practices. Specifically, companies with higher leverage tend to engage in earnings management as a mechanism to meet financial obligations and reduce the risk of violating debt covenants. Similarly, higher profitability motivates managers to manipulate earnings in order to sustain investor confidence and maintain a favorable corporate image. In contrast, capital structure is found to have no significant effect on earnings management, indicating that financing decisions between debt and equity may not directly influence managerial behavior in financial reporting. These results highlight the importance of monitoring leverage and profitability indicators as potential predictors of earnings management. For corporate management, the findings suggest the need to implement stronger internal control systems and uphold ethical financial practices. For investors and regulators, the study provides useful insights into assessing company performance beyond reported earnings, thereby supporting more informed decision-making and promoting the integrity of capital markets.

This community service program at the Class I Correctional Facility SAE L’SIMA Malang was designed to address the urgent need for effective vocational skills development among inmates through productive poultry farming activities. One of the key challenges in poultry farming is the low success rate of egg hatching when relying on conventional, manually operated incubators that often lack precise temperature and humidity control. To overcome this problem, the program introduced the development and implementation of an automatic incubator system as a technological innovation to support both learning and productivity. The program employed a participatory approach, beginning with preliminary site surveys to identify existing resources and limitations within the correctional facility. Subsequently, the team carried out the design and assembly of an automatic egg incubator equipped with a digital system to monitor and regulate temperature and humidity levels. Functional testing was conducted using both chicken and duck eggs to ensure reliability and applicability across different types of poultry. In addition to the incubator prototype, the program also produced a practical user manual to guide inmates in operating and maintaining the equipment independently. The results demonstrated that the automatic incubator significantly improved the hatching success rate compared to traditional manual methods, despite initial challenges such as limited availability of components, restricted funding, and the reliance on outdated manual equipment. The inmates showed high levels of participation and adaptability in learning the operation of the new system, highlighting the potential of this program to enhance not only technical competence but also self-confidence. In conclusion, this initiative successfully integrated vocational training with technological innovation, offering a sustainable and practical solution for small to medium-scale poultry operations. Beyond improving technical skills, the program has broader social implications by equipping inmates with marketable competencies that can support their reintegration into society and contribute to their economic independence after release.

Election integrity is a key element in ensuring democratic legitimacy, yet election fraud remains a significant threat to this process. This research aims to evaluate the use of Bayesian statistics in detecting anomalies in vote distributions that may indicate potential election fraud. In the context of elections, whose reliability is often questioned, statistical analysis becomes crucial to ensure transparency and credibility in election results. This study uses national election data collected from various polling stations (TPS), focusing on vote distribution per candidate in each TPS. A Bayesian probabilistic model is applied to analyze the observed vote distribution compared to the expected distribution. By using Bayesian inference, researchers can update the probability distribution based on the obtained data, allowing for more accurate anomaly identification. The analysis results show significant deviations in several TPS, where the observed vote distribution exhibits patterns inconsistent with the expected distribution. These anomalies are suspicious as they may indicate manipulation or errors in the vote counting process. The implications of this research suggest that the Bayesian method can be used to improve election transparency and provide a more reliable tool for detecting fraud. The future application of this technique can help increase public trust in election results and support the integrity of the democratic process. This study also recommends further development of the analytical model to expand the scope of anomaly detection and enhance fraud detection accuracy in larger and more complex elections.

Satisfaction is a feeling of pleasure or disappointment that arises in a person after comparing impressions or perceptions of someone's performance or the results of a product, as well as expectations. The research objective is to determine the level of patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical services at Kamila Pharmacy. This research is descriptive research. The sample in this study consisted of 100 respondents at Kamila Pharmacy. The technique used was purposive sampling. The research results show that in the reliability aspect of drug information services, almost all respondents or 42% of respondents stated they were very satisfied and 45% of respondents stated they were satisfied, followed by quite satisfied at 9.2%, dissatisfied at 2.6%, and very dissatisfied at 1.2%. In the responsiveness aspect of drug information services, almost all respondents or 50% of respondents stated they were satisfied and 37% of respondents stated they were very satisfied, followed by quite satisfied at 7.6%, dissatisfied at 3.2%, and very dissatisfied at 2.2%. In the assurance aspect of drug information services, almost all respondents or 76% of respondents stated they were very satisfied and 19.5% of respondents stated they were satisfied, followed by quite satisfied at 3.25%, dissatisfied at 0.75%, and very dissatisfied at 0.5%. In the empathy aspect of drug information services, almost all respondents or 48.25% of respondents stated they were very satisfied and 42% of respondents stated they were satisfied, followed by quite satisfied at 6.25%, dissatisfied at 2.5%, and very dissatisfied at 1%. In the physical facilities aspect of drug information services, almost all respondents or 30.6% of respondents stated they were very satisfied and 51.2% of respondents stated they were satisfied, followed by quite satisfied at 11.4%, dissatisfied at 4.4%, and very dissatisfied at  

This research is motivated by the development of digital technology which currently has a significant impact on the development of industry in Indonesia, one of which is the transportation industry. The development of this technology forces companies in the transportation industry to innovate in implementing digital-based marketing strategies in order to maintain, develop businesses, and improve customer purchasing decisions. In the context of digital marketing, there are several marketing strategies used in this study to improve customer purchasing decisions, namely relationship marketing, online customer reviews and content marketing. This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of relationship marketing, online customer reviews and content marketing on purchasing decisions for inDrive services in Surabaya. This study uses a quantitative research method, with a questionnaire distribution technique via Google Form. The respondents used in this study were 100 people obtained using a simple random sampling technique. Quantitative analysis includes validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, hypothesis tests including t-tests (partial), F-tests (simultaneous) and coefficient of determination tests (R2). The results of this study indicate that partially the variables of relationship marketing, online customer reviews and content marketing have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions for inDrive services in Surabaya. Simultaneously, the results show that the variables of relationship marketing, online customer reviews and content marketing have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions for inDrive services in Surabaya. Keywords: relationship marketing, online customer reviews, content marketing, purchasing decisions

Increasingly fierce business competition requires businesses to be able to meet the needs and desires of customers in order to create long-term satisfaction and loyalty. Komunitas Coffee and Space is one of the coffee shop businesses in Surabaya that targets students by offering a comfortable atmosphere for studying, discussing, and relaxing. This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of Relationship Marketing, Facilities, and Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction among students in Surabaya. The research method used is a quantitative approach with survey techniques. Data was collected from 96 respondents through non-probability incidental sampling technique. Data analysis includes validity, reliability, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression, t test, F test, and coefficient of determination (R²). The results showed that partially, Relationship Marketing, Facilities, and Service Quality have a significant effect on Customer Satisfaction. In addition, the three variables simultaneously also have a significant effect on Customer Satisfaction at Komunitas Coffee and Space. These findings indicate that improving the quality of relationships with customers, adequate facilities, and good service quality are very important in creating customer satisfaction. Therefore, the management of Komunitas Coffee and Space is advised to continue to strengthen these three aspects in order to increase customer satisfaction. Keywords: Relationship Marketing, Facilities, Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, Students

This study aims to analyze the impact of shipping costs and prices on the behavior of consumers using Grab services in Medan City. The research employs a quantitative approach through a survey by distributing questionnaires to 99 respondents who have utilized Grab services (GrabFood or GrabExpress) in the last six months. Data analysis is conducted using validity, reliability, normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity tests, multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination (R²) with the assistance of SPSS version 25 software. The results indicate that shipping costs have a positive but insignificant effect on consumer behavior (sig. 0.172 > 0.05), while price has a positive and significant effect on consumer behavior (sig. 0.000 < 0.05). Simultaneously, both variables significantly influence consumer behavior with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. The coefficient of determination shows that 50.8% of consumer behavior is influenced by shipping costs and prices, while the remaining percentage is affected by other variables outside the model. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Grab maintain competitive pricing and continue to innovate its services to attract more consumers.    

This study aims to examine whether price and vouchers influence the purchasing decisions of Economics Education student at Universitas Sebelas Maret on the e-commerce platform Shopee. Forty-five respondent who had previously shopeed on Shopee were given questionnaires as part of quantitative approach and causality study methodology. Multiple linear regression analysis, validity, reliability, and classical assumption test were used to analyze the data. The regression coefficients for price (0,434) and vouchers (0,330) indicate that both price and vouchers have a positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions. Based on the F test, these two factors collectively contribute 55% to purchasing decisions. These results highlight the importance of pricing strategies and vouchers in inflluencing Shopee customers shopping decisions. To make findings more generalizable and comprehensive, future reasearch is recomended to increase the number of respondents and incorporate additional variables, such as aspects related to product quality, service, or promotions

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of work stress and work environment on employee performance at PT Yamaha Motor Electronics Indonesia. The research involved 50 respondents selected using a purposive sampling technique, targeting employees who have worked for at least one year. Data collection methods included questionnaires, observation, and literature study. The data were analyzed using data quality tests (validity and reliability), classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing (t-test and F-test), and the coefficient of determination (R²), all processed with the assistance of SPSS version 25.The results showed that, based on the partial t-test, the work stress variable had a negative and significant effect on employee performance with a t value of -7.862 > t table 2.011, while the work environment variable had a positive and significant effect with a t value of 5.543 > t table 2.011. Simultaneously, both variables significantly affected employee performance, as indicated by an F value of 43.229 > F table 3.20 and a significance value of 0.000. The Adjusted R Square value of 0.633 indicates that 63.3% of the variation in employee performance can be explained by work stress and work environment.    

Research instruments are essential components in educational research as they function to collect valid and reliable data. However, many studies still use instruments carelessly without proper testing. This study aims to examine the design and development of educational research instruments that comply with scientific standards. The method used is library research by collecting and analyzing written sources such as books, scientific articles, and other relevant documents. The findings indicate that instrument development must follow systematic stages, including variable analysis, blueprint design, item formulation, validity and reliability testing, and final revision. The instruments discussed include both test and non-test types with various data collection techniques. The implication is that this study provides methodological guidance for researchers in designing appropriate instruments to enhance the quality of educational data and research outcomes.

This study aims to determine the effect of product diversity and location on consumer purchase intention at UD Jesron. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method through questionnaires distributed to 40 respondents who have purchased products at UD Jesron. Data were analyzed using validity tests, reliability, normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, multiple linear regression, t-test, F-test, and coefficient of determination (R²) with the help of SPSS version 25. The results showed that product diversity had no significant effect on purchase intention (sig. 0.849 > 0.05), while location had a positive and significant effect on purchase intention (sig. 0.010 < 0.05). Simultaneously, both variables significantly affected purchase intention with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. The coefficient of determination indicates that 33.8% of the variation in purchase intention is influenced by product diversity and location, while the rest is influenced by other variables outside the model. Based on these findings, it is suggested that UD Jesron should optimize its business location and implement appropriate marketing strategies for its products.

This study uses a qualitative method with a literature review approach to examine the effectiveness of the two-phase method in solving linear programming problems. The two-phase method is one of the techniques in linear programming used when the objective function does not have a feasible initial solution directly. Through the exploration and analysis of various scientific literature sources from 2019 onwards, this study finds that the two-phase method can systematically provide optimal solutions, especially in complex problems with multiple constraints. Previous research has shown that this method is effective in accelerating the identification of basic feasible solutions and minimizing unnecessary iterations compared to the standard simplex method. Additionally, the two-phase method offers better numerical stability and high reliability in both industrial and educational applications. However, its effectiveness largely depends on the understanding of the algorithm and the ability to design an appropriate mathematical model. The results of this study are expected to contribute theoretically to the development of efficient solution techniques for linear optimization problems.

The development of information technology and the increasing use of e-commerce is driving demand for fast and reliable delivery services. This research aims to analyze the impact of delivery time services on customer satisfaction at expedition service companies, with a case study of Lion Parcel Sub Agent Tegal. The research method used is a quantitative method with a survey approach by distributing questionnaires to Lion Parcel Tegal customers. Data were analyzed using validity, reliability, correlation and simple regression tests with the help of SPSS 25 software. The research results showed that there was a significant relationship between delivery speed and customer satisfaction level, with a correlation value of 0.911 and an influence of 83%. This indicates that the faster the delivery service, the higher the level of customer satisfaction. It is hoped that this study can be a reference for expedition service companies in improving the quality of their services to compete in the competitive logistics industry.

This study aims to analyze the effect of Assistance Services and Transaction Security on User Emotional Experience, with Customer Satisfaction as a mediating variable in the context of using a digital wallet (e-wallet). This study uses a quantitative approach with a causal-comparative method. Data collection was carried out by distributing online questionnaires using Google Form to 150 respondents who are active e-wallet users. The research model consists of four latent variables, each of which is measured by three reflective indicators. The data analysis technique uses the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method with the help of SmartPLS software, and is supported by descriptive analysis using SPSS. Validity and reliability tests are carried out through outer loading tests, Average Variance Extracted (AVE), Cronbach's Alpha, and Composite Reliability. Hypothesis testing is carried out by considering the path coefficient, t-statistic, and p-value values. The results of the study indicate that Assistance Services and Transaction Security have a significant effect on Customer Satisfaction. Assistance Services also have a direct effect on Emotional Experience, while Transaction Security does not have a direct effect on this variable. Customer Satisfaction has a significant effect on Emotional Experience, and is proven to be a significant mediator in the relationship between Assistance Service and Transaction Security on Emotional Experience.

Education is the main foundation in forming quality Human Resources. In achieving educational goals, support is needed from various aspects, including the availability of adequate learning facilities and competent teachers. Learning facilities play an important role in supporting the learning process, while teacher competence greatly determines the success of transferring knowledge to students. These two aspects are believed to have an influence on student learning achievement, including in Integrated Social Studies subjects that require conceptual understanding and critical thinking skills. This research was conducted to answer three main questions: (1) whether there is an influence of learning facilities on student learning achievement in Integrated Social Studies subjects grade VIII MTsN 6 Tulungagun; (2) whether the competence of social studies teachers affects student learning achievement in Integrated Social Studies subjects grade VIII MTsN 6 Tulungagun; and (3) how much influence the two variables simultaneously have on student learning achievement in the Integrated Social Studies subject class VIII MTsN 6 Tulungagun. The purpose of this study is to analyze and prove the influence of each independent variable on the bound variable both partially and simultaneously. This study uses a quantitative approach with an associative method. The population is 309 students of grade VIII MTsN 6 Tulungagung and the sample is 76 students taken using the Simple Random Sampling technique, and 3 social studies teachers of Class VIII as additional informants. The data collection technique was carried out through questionnaires for independent variables and documentation of UAS values for bound variables. Data analysis was carried out using validity, reliability, normality, multiple linear regression tests, as well as t-tests, F tests and R2 tests with the help  of JASP software. The results of this study after processing data using the t-test showed that neither learning facilities nor the competence of social studies teachers had a significant effect on student learning achievement, because the significance value of learning facilities was above 0.05. However, the results of the F test showed that simultaneously the two variables had a significant effect on student learning outcomes with a significance value of <0.001. In addition, the determination coefficient value (R2) of 0.179 showed that 17.9% of the variation in student learning achievement was influenced by learning facilities and the competence of social studies teachers together. These findings show the importance of synergy between the quality of educational facilities and the competence of teaching staff in supporting student learning outcomes.  

This study aims to analyze the effect of ease of use and cashback on students' repurchase intention on the Lazada marketplace. The research employs a quantitative approach with a survey method. The sample was obtained using accidental sampling, involving 55 active student users of Lazada. The instrument used a closed-ended questionnaire with a Likert scale, and both validity and reliability were tested. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results show that ease of use and cashback both have a significant partial and simultaneous effect on repurchase intention.

This study examines the working mechanisms of various global satellite navigation systems, such as GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou, as well as their integration potential across multiple sectors. The research uses a qualitative descriptive approach through literature review of relevant scientific sources. All satellite navigation systems operate based on the principle of triangulation using radio signals from satellites equipped with high-precision atomic clocks. The procedure includes satellite deployment, signal transmission, distance measurement, and position calculation by receiver devices.The results show that although each system has distinct technical characteristics and strategic orientations, integration between systems—through GNSS, SBAS, radar, and Earth observation technologies—can enhance the accuracy, reliability, and coverage of global navigation services. These systems offer wide-ranging benefits in areas such as transportation navigation, fleet tracking, disaster mitigation, environmental conservation, and military applications. This research emphasizes the importance of understanding the procedures and integration of satellite navigation systems to support cross-sector operational efficiency and strengthen technological resilience in the face of global challenges.