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This article defines the process for developing a speaking syllabus for flight attendant school in a Flipped Learning Network (FLN), which increases student engagement and learning by assigning watching videos at home followed up in pre-teaching discussions, and requiring the students to work on live practices in face-to-face classroom activities. Considering that the syllabus is designed to develop the students' oral competence, the target speaking skill is aimed toward developing students' ability to engage in procedural communication in the workplace. Therefore, the topics/themes are chosen to meet the needs of flight attendants consistent with Project-Based Learning (PBL) by Forum Group Discussions (FGDs). In order to achieve this objective, the development of a syllabus begins with a need analysis, topic selection, syllabus prototype production, expert evaluation, and revision for the final product. The syllabus is organized such that the learning experience is explicitly stated for two formats: online meeting (through Google Classroom for the video analysis) as the lecture homework for pre-discussions followed by classroom face-to-face meeting (through FGDs with peers, individual work, and the teacher) to comprehend students' understanding though some units. Each unit has 2 (two) topics. Each topic consists of 60 (sixteen) minutes or 1 (one) meeting. This syllabus development is considered to be implemented in terms of  FLN for instructional activities in flight attendant school resulting higher-order thinking skills such as collaboration, design and problem solving as students tackle difficult problems, work in groups, research, and construct knowledge with the help of the teacher and peers.

The syntax studied has three scopes: phrases, clauses, and sentences. There are many problems regarding how to differentiate and classify clauses. Not a few equate between phrases and clauses. A collection of several words contains a clause if some of these words have subject and predicate elements, while a phrase means several words consisting of at least one predicate element without any subject element or can be said to be the opposite of a clause. The purpose of this article is to share knowledge about the grouping of clauses and provide examples of each sentence in the procedure text so that the benefits based on this analysis are expected to open and increase knowledge and broaden horizons for writers and readers so that readers can interpret and classify clauses based on analysis. the syntax. The results of the analysis in this article are expected to be useful for students and the wider community regarding language learning because it provides a lot of knowledge related to the grouping of clauses and the types of clauses in procedure texts in Buku Bahasa Indonesia Kelas VII SMP Kurikulum Merdeka. In the research context, methods and methodology are described and will be explained through a qualitative descriptive methodological approach. Qualitative methods aim to seek an in-depth understanding of symptoms and facts.

This study examines the theme of non-violence in interactions between adolescents. This study raises the perspective of Pope Francis' encyclical “Christus Vivit” as a Christian perspective in dealing with youth development issues. There are three research focuses, namely describing bullying among adolescents, the role of teachers in schools as controls to prevent bullying, and the role of the Church in Christian assistance in the problem of bullying in adolescents. Researchers use qualitative research methods. To obtain data, researchers used direct interview techniques and zoom meeting-based interviews. Data processing and analysis were carried out in a descriptive way. The research findings show that the psychological impact felt by victims due to bullying is feeling awkward when put together in group work and feeling lonely, afraid to come to school and also afraid to look at social media again. The psychological impact can be felt if you take things too seriously or take your feelings too seriously so that the victim will feel sad. But there are also victims who feel normal because they accept and resolve it in a family and peaceful manner. Students need to be reminded again of the rules that apply in schools, the goal is that all student behavior creates comfort and safety among students. It is better for teachers not only to teach about learning material but to provide character lessons for students on the sidelines of teaching material. The role of the Church should be more aggressive in inviting youth to be involved in church services to develop maturity in their faith so that there is determination not to commit acts of bullying.

Behind the success of successful online teaching and learning, there must be careful preparation in creating or building the system. Some complaints that are around us are that some students have difficulty in online-based mathematics learning. Some of them have difficulty signaling due to cloudy or rainy weather, not having money to buy internet quota, boredom during the teaching, and learning process, and difficulty understanding the material in online learning. Although there are examples that have been explained by the teacher, they still do not understand what their teacher teaches them. The teacher had already made learning materials using instructional video media, but it was still not enough for students to understand the polynomial material taught by the teacher, and according to the teacher the main problem was that the students' ability to memorize formulas was still lacking. The objectives of this research to see validity, effectiveness and practicality of the video development using PowerPoint and Filmora application. This research is development research that applies the Dick & Carey development model. This research focuses on developing learning videos using PowerPoint as a learning media, and Filmora as a learning video editing medium.

Mathematics is often considered a difficult subject by students so it is not uncommon for students to experience learning difficulties such as experiencing anxiety when learning mathematics, therefore this study aims to describe the level of anxiety, describe the factors that cause anxiety, and how anxiety affects student learning difficulties class X at MAS YMPI Tanjungbalai. In this study, the number of research subjects was 36 students with a sampling technique, namely purposive sampling. Data collection in this study was in the form of data field notes using observation, questionnaires, interviews and documentation. Learning difficulties can be interpreted as a condition in the learning process which is characterized by the presence of certain obstacles to achieve learning outcomes. In this study it refers more to the problem of student anxiety which is an obstacle in achieving learning objectives. This research is a type of qualitative research and the validity technique in this study uses time triangulation. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion regarding the level of student anxiety in learning mathematics, it can be concluded that from 36 students, 8 (22.2%) students experienced high levels of anxiety, 23 (63.9%) students experienced moderate anxiety levels and 5 (13.9) %) students have a low level of anxiety. The anxiety of the students with the low anxiety category was more responsive and very enthusiastic in learning mathematics compared to the other two categories, namely the moderate anxiety category and the high anxiety category. Based on data analysis on average student learning outcomes, students with high levels of anxiety will have an average learning outcome lower than students with medium anxiety levels and high anxiety levels.

The background of this research is that the activities of Class VIII students of SMPN 31 Semarang in the learning process are not enthusiastic, students only focus on using books as learning aids. Therefore, in the learning process we need a media-based learning aid that can attract students' attention in order to improve student performance and understanding. It is important to apply TikTok-based learning application innovations to involve students in learning so that the material being taught is easy to understand.    Based on this background, the problem arises How to Use the Tiktok Application as a Learning Media in Writing Explanatory Text Writing Skills for Class VIII Students of SMPN 31 Semarang Academic Year 2022/2023? This study aims to identify the Utilization of the Tiktok Application as a Learning Media in Writing Explanatory Text Writing Skills for Class VIII Students of SMPN 31 Semarang Academic Year 2022/2023. This type of research is mixed method . Data collection was carried out by observation, interview, test and documentation methods.    The results of this study indicate that students in class VIII use the media using the social media application TikTok above, it can be seen that the average score of students in class VIII SMPN 31 Semarang in the 2022/2023 academic year when writing explanatory texts in general is at the moderate level (50- 74). The average score of the students on the explanatory text writing test performance was 66.71 at the sufficient level.

This study aims to reveal the effectiveness of Blended Learning as an online and mixed learning strategy by analyzing various research studies related to Blended Learning obtained from the Google Scholar database. The method used in this study is a method with a library approach or what is known as a literature study from research articles for 2020-2022. Article selection is carried out through the process of identification, screening, and eligibility. So that 10 articles are relevant to the objectives and problems of the literature study. Based on the literature study that has been carried out, the results show that the use of Blended Learning by utilizing several digital technology-based applications as learning support can be said to be effective for increasing literacy skills, critical skills, problem-solving abilities, and cognitive learning outcomes of students.

This study aims to determine the implementation problems of instilling entrepreneurial character in early childhood. This study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method by collecting and analyzing journals related to keywords. Based on the literature study conducted, it was found that the importance of planting and increasing understanding of the concept of entrepreneurship from an early age starting from early childhood education, this implementation needs examples in the form of activities carried out by playing to provide a good understanding of students. Another problem, students are less motivated to look for reference materials related to the material provided. Based on the analysis of learning tools, the entrepreneurship material being taught is still not sustainable so that the expected competencies are not clear. In addition, learning activities are still centered on the teacher. The results of the analysis of reference books to see the contents of the material, especially the main economic activity material. How the material is presented, examples, and practical implementation in accordance with the syllabus of existing subject matter. After the basic economic activity reference books are reviewed as teaching materials in accordance with the learning tools that have been developed.

This study aims to determine the application of the Problem Based Learning learning model to mathematical communication skills in terms of independent learning on set material in class VII SMP Negeri 01 Tayan Hulu. The research form used is quasi-experimental designs, with a 2×3 factorial design. The population in this study were students of class VII A and students of class VII B. The sample in this study was one class selected by cluster random sampling. Data collection techniques used are direct communication techniques and measurement techniques with data collection tools in the form of questionnaires and test questions in the form of essays. The data analysis technique used was the analysis of two dissimilar cell paths with the normality test using the Lilifors test, homogeneity using the Bartlett test and continued with the multiple comparison test using the Scheffe method. The results of this study are (1) the mathematical communication of students who follow the problem-based learning model is better than students who follow the conventional learning model, (2) the ability of mathematical communication between students who have high learning independence is better than moderate after the implementation of the model learning problem based learning. (3) students' mathematical communication skills in the moderate learning independence category were better than students in the low learning independence category after applying the problem-based learning model. (4) at the level of independent learning, problem-based learning models provide better mathematical communication skills than conventional learning models.    

This study aims to determine the application of problem based learning learning models with lottery game media in improving junior high school students' problem solving abilities. This research is an experimental research in the form of Pre-Experimental Designs. The design used is One Group Pretest-Postest Design. The population in this study were class VIII A and class VIII B. The sample in this study was students of class VIII B consisting of 20 students with the selection of subjects based on the cluster random sampling technique. The data collection technique used is a measurement technique with a data collection tool in the form of test questions in essay form. The data analysis technique used was anava one line of dissimilar cells, with further testing using the Scheffe method. The research results obtained were that there was a significant increase in students' mathematical problem solving abilities before and after being given treatment through the problem based learning model using lottery media with high categories.  

This study aims to describe students' learning barriers in solving SPLDV questions based on problem solving abilities. This research uses descriptive qualitative research, and the sampling technique uses purposive sampling technique. This research was conducted at Sungai Kakap 1 Public Middle School, the data used were the results of researchers to clarify students' obstacles in answering questions based on problem-solving abilities with data sources, namely class VIII students of SMP 1 Sungai Kakap. Data collection techniques used measurement techniques, direct communication techniques and indirect communication techniques with data collection tools in the form of test questions, interview guides and documentation. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. In this study it was concluded that the students' barriers in the high group were wrong in determining the formula and wrong in the concept of completion, the students' barriers in the medium group were wrong in determining the formula, discrepancies in using the formula to answer a problem and did not re-examine the answers, and student barriers in the low group were unable to determine the formula and solve the problem on the question then also did not re-check the answer after completing the given question.    

Students' lack of a disaster response mindset is both a problem and a challenge that must be addressed in science education. Based on the MIKiR approach, which is linked with natural disaster prevention, the goal of this study is to define the features of science Subject-Specific Pedagogy. This study involves both research and development (R&D). The research procedure follows the Borg & Gall development model, which involves five main steps: (1) analyzing the product to be developed; (2) developing the initial product; (3) expert validation and revision; (4) small-scale field testing and revisions; and (5) large-scale field testing and final products. A validation sheet with a Likert scale in the form of a checklist serves as the research instrument. According to the study's findings, the quality of the developed Subject-Specific Pedagogy is listed in the good category, with an optimum proportion of 84.33 percent. The findings of the study on product quality could be used as one of the science learning aids in SMP/MTs class IX semester 2.

The background of this research is that not all students can understand this problem-based learning, and also not all students are able to think actively in solving problems that occur. Students are less enthusiastic in participating in learning and students who play around or don't focus on learning. From the problems that exist, the researcher is interested in studying the application of problem-based learning in Islamic Religious Education Class X at SMAN 1 Kapur IX District and its inhibiting factors. This study aims to find out how the application of this problem-based learning strategy and its inhibiting factors. This type of research is a descriptive qualitative research that describes problem-based learning strategies in Islamic Religious Education Class X at SMAN 1 Kapur IX District. In collecting data researchers used observation techniques, interviews and documentation. Meanwhile, to analyze it, the researcher uses data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. Based on the results of the research conducted, the authors found that Islamic Religious Education teachers apply problem-based learning strategies starting from teacher planning in preparing lessons by making lesson plans which serve as teacher guidelines in teaching and learning activities carried out in the classroom. The application of problem-based learning strategies is carried out through three activities, namely preliminary activities, core activities and closing activities. The activity starts from the teacher entering the class by greeting, conditioning the class and then praying together after that the teacher explains the indicators and learning objectives. The core activities of student learning are given related to learning problems then students will observe and find solutions to the problems that occur. Closing activities at the end with the teacher and concluding student lessons, giving assignments and praying together. The inhibiting factors found were time allocation, students who were less able to solve problems that occurred and students playing games during learning.

This study aims to improve students' mathematical problem-solving skills through the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) model on the material of a Linear Two Variable System in grade VIII-6 students of SMP N 4 Medan as a subject or this research. The type of this research is classroom action research. The instrument used the collect the data are essay test and observation sheet. Before giving the action in initial test to 32 students obtained the average score is 50.46 with the classical completeness is 34.37% or only 11 students achieve the completeness criteria. The completeness criteria is the standard point that must be reached by students namely at least 65 and classical completeness is the standard percentage that must be reached by the class namely at least 85%. After given the action in the first cycle namely the implementation of MMP learning model to 32 students, obtained the average score is 63.9844 with the classical completeness 50% or 16 students achieve the completeness criteria. Then given the second cycle namely increasing MMP learning model, obtained the average score is 82.11 with the classical completeness 93.75%. Based on the observation done by teacher obtained that the point of second cycle is higher than the point of first cycle. Based on the average gain score, obtained that the average gain score in Cycle I test-Cycle II test is higher than Initial Test-Cycle I Test. From the result of research, can be concluded that the mathematical problem-solving ability of students can be increased or improved especially on the topic of Linear System with Two Variable by using Missouri Mathematics Project Learning Model

This research aims to describe the analysis result of the use of learning media in the Problem Based Learning model. The methods used in this research is literature study of 6 sources consists of 3 thesis and 3 journals discuss the use of learning media in the Problem Based Learning model in Indonesia published in the span of 2016-2022. From the calculation of the effect size, the average value is 0.79 which is categorized in the medium category. This shows that the use of learning media with Problem Based Learning in mathematics learning had a positive effect on improving the mathematical ability of students and the effect obtained is in the medium category. The mathematical ability could be improved based on the literature study such as student’s mathematical connection ability, student’s mathematical problem soving ability dan student’s mathematical numeracy literacy ability. The type of learning media according this research are animation, geogebra, microsoft power point, fun math book, cabri 3D v2 dan youtube. Hope for further research can be analyzed more deeply by using more sources so the result will be more maximal and varied.

This research was conducted based on the problems found in the learning process about vocabulary. To understand language well, speak better, or good writing requires a good vocabulary to be successful in any of these areas. Teachers must be good at choosing methods or techniques in learning to be used in teaching, not all methods or techniques can be used, because learning methods are real forms in the form of steps for implementing a lesson in order to achieve learning goals. In this research to teach vocabulary, the researcher choose to use a game. Game is an activity that can help the process of learning and creating students are more active in learning because they feel happy and relaxed in learning. The purpose of this research is to find out whether the Simon Says game is effective or not for use in learning, especially vocabulary. Because what we are going to examine now is the effectiveness of the Simon Says game in increasing student vocabulary. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research. Which aims to describe or give an idea of how effective the Simon Says game is for students vocabulary in learning process. The researcher gave vocabulary from descriptive text material and asked students to memorize it. Then the vocabulary will be played in the Simon Says game. The results of this study indicate that the Simon Says game is very effective for teaching vocabulary. Because judging from the many changes after several meetings with students and playing this Simon Says game for learning.

This study aims to obtain teaching materials based on a valid, practical, and effective realistic mathematical approach, so as to improve students' mathematical reasoning abilities on the material of a three-variable linear equation system. The research instruments used were questionnaire validation sheets, lesson plans validation sheets, teaching material validation sheets, test instrument validation sheets, mathematical reasoning ability tests, and teacher and student response questionnaires to teaching materials. After all instruments, lesson plans, and teaching materials were declared valid by the validator, then readability tests and field trials were carried out. The results showed that: (1) the teaching materials based on the realistic mathematical approach developed had met the criteria of validity based on the validator's assessment with the average validity of the teaching materials for the material being 3.13 and 3.29 for media with a very feasible category; (2) the teaching materials based on the realistic mathematical approach that have been developed have met the practicality criteria through: a) the results of the questionnaire student responses to teaching materials show the percentage of practicality of 81.19% with a very practical category, b) the results of the questionnaire responses of teachers to teaching materials show the percentage of practicality 88.75% with very practical category; (3) The teaching materials based on the realistic mathematics approach developed meet the effective criteria with: a) classical student learning mastery of 88%, b) more than 65% of students have achieved 75% of learning objectives for each indicator, c) increased mathematical reasoning ability students after using teaching materials seen through the average score of students increased from 50 in the pretest to 85.33 in the posttest and the results of the N-Gain analysis which showed students' mathematical problem solving abilities increased by 0.712, meaning in the high category.

This study discusses the application of the Mind Mapping method to PAI learning at SMK Karya Guna 1 Bekasi. The purpose of this study was to find out whether the application of the Mind Mapping method in PAI learning at SMK Karya Guna 1 Bekasi in Class XI was successful or not. The purpose of this research is to prove that by applying the Mind Mapping method to pie learning in schools. By applying the Mind Mapping method it can stimulate students to be active in class, and be able to discuss with peers, and also be able to solve problems by discussing. In this study it can be proven that one of the ways to arouse student activity is to use the Mind Mapping method in teaching PAI at school. Based on the results of this study, it can be seen that applying the Mind Mapping method to PAI learning at SMK Karya Guna 1 Bekasi is well implemented. This can be proven by the application of the Mind Mapping method to PAI learning at SMK Karya Guna 1 Bekasi. Using this method can produce active and critical students in dealing with problems, as well as being able to discuss and respect friends' opinions when discussing, increasing the level of independence in learning. Not only using the discussion method, the teacher must also provide motivation in learning so that students can learn optimally.

Based on observations made at SMA Negeri 1 Gunuang Omeh District, the problem found was the low interest in learning of students in PAI and BP subjects due to the large number of students who did not pay attention to the teacher's explanation, and the lack of use of learning models and media used in learning , one of which is the Problem Based Learning learning model. The role of the learning model is very important, because using visual media will be able to influence students' learning interests. The purpose of this study was to find out the use of the Problem Based Learning learning model in increasing students' learning interest in PAI and BP subjects on Da'wah Strategy and Islamic Development in Indonesia Class XII.MIPA at SMA Negeri 1 Gunuang Omeh District. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK). The process of implementing PTK has four main components, namely planning, action, observation and reflection carried out in 3 cycles. The results of data analysis obtained the percentage of students' learning interest using the Problem Based Learning learning model of 44.83% in cycle I. The process of applying the Problem Based Learning learning model in PAI and BP learning increased in cycle II by 65.52% and 79.31 % in cycle III. So it can be concluded that the implementation of PAI and BP learning by using the Problem Based Learning learning model can increase students' learning interest.

This study aims to find out whether there is an influence of the Problem Based Learning-Computational Thinking (PBL-CT) model on analytical thinking skills in terms of students' interest in Natural Sciences subjects. This research was conducted at the Kalam Kudus Christian Middle School in Malang in the 2022/2023 academic year. The design used in this study was a non-equivalent group design quasi-experiment. Retrieval of data using ten essay questions which are made according to indicators of analytical thinking ability and students' interest in science is measured by using a questionnaire.  Data analysis was carried out by the Two Way Anova parametric test. Based on the results of the analysis carried out, the results were obtained: (1) there were differences in analytical thinking skills between students who were taught using the Problem Based Learning and Problem Based Learning - Computational Thinking (PBL-CT) learning models with a significance <0.05. (2) there is no difference in the ability to think analytically between students who have a high, medium, and low interest in learning science as shown by a significance value of 0.748 > 0.05. (3) there is an interaction between Problem Based Learning - Computational Thinking (PBL-CT) on students' analytical thinking skills in terms of students' interest in natural science subjects with a significance value of <0.05