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Sanitation facilities are a fundamental element that contributes to creating a healthy, comfortable, and productive learning environment in higher education institutions. This study aims to describe the availability of sanitation facilities in the Office Administration Management Study Program, analyze the factors that influence their condition, and explore the perspectives of the academic community regarding their quality and usefulness. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collected through field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The informants of this study consisted of students, lecturers, administrative staff, and facility managers. The findings reveal that sanitation facilities such as toilets, sinks, and trash bins remain inadequate in terms of quantity, physical condition, and distribution within the campus area. Several key challenges were identified, including limited financial resources, suboptimal management practices, low awareness and discipline among users, and the absence of clear and strict institutional policies related to sanitation standards. The academic community generally perceives that the available sanitation facilities do not meet the expected standards of comfort and hygiene, which may negatively affect the quality of learning experiences and academic activities. This study highlights the importance of strategic planning, adequate budget allocation, and supportive institutional policies in improving the quality of sanitation facilities. The implications of the study are expected to provide valuable input for higher education managers in formulating policies and planning facilities that are more responsive to the needs of the academic community, thereby supporting effective, professional, and sustainable educational governance.

This study aimed to evaluate the forage production characteristics of Japanese papaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius) as a potential feed source for ruminant livestock. The research employed a case study approach through direct field observations on four mature Japanese papaya plants naturally grown as living fences in Malang City. Measured variables included the diameter of the main branch, number and length of sub-branches, forage yield, and nutrient composition. Data were analyzed using correlation and simple linear regression to determine the relationship between plant structure and forage productivity. The results indicated that the diameter of the main branch showed a strong positive correlation with the number and length of sub-branches, as well as with forage yield and nutrient content (DM, OM, CP, CF, and EE). Regression analysis confirmed that larger branch diameters were consistently associated with higher forage production and better nutrient values. These findings suggest that the diameter of the main branch can serve as a reliable indicator for estimating the forage yield and nutritional potential of Japanese papaya, providing a practical tool for its use in sustainable ruminant feed management.

This research analyses the challenges to service innovation in civil registration, specifically the issuance of birth certificates at the Sidoarjo Regency Department of Population and Civil Registration, within the context of governmental digital transformation. Employing a qualitative approach via in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis, the study identifies various obstacles encountered in the process of public service digitisation. The findings indicate that the principal challenges include: (1) resistance to change from both civil servants and the public regarding the digital system; (2) limitations in information technology infrastructure and internet connectivity in rural areas; (3) the digital literacy gap between urban and rural community groups; (4) the complexity of coordination among government agencies within the integrated system; and (5) budgetary constraints for continuous system maintenance and development. The study also found that despite various innovations such as online services, mobile apps, and digital queuing systems, their implementation still faces significant technical and non-technical impediments. These findings contribute to the literature on public sector innovation by revealing the dynamics of e-government implementation at the regency/city level, and offer strategic recommendations for policymakers on optimising the digital transformation of civil registration services. The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive analysis, which integrates technological, organisational, and social perspectives within the context of local government in Indonesia post-COVID-19 pandemic.

This community service program aims to enhance the creativity and economic independence of mosque youth through the implementation of the Business Challenge Program in Lingkungan VI, Tanah Enam Ratus Village, Medan Marelan District. The program was initiated in response to the limited entrepreneurial knowledge and skills among mosque youth, which hindered their ability to develop productive business initiatives. The implementation involved several stages: field observation, interviews, workshops, mentoring sessions, halal product-making practices, and marketing simulations. The results indicate a significant improvement in participants’ ability to design business models using the Business Model Canvas, produce halal products (such as fried tofu “tahu walik” and “es kuwut”), and market them directly to the community. Moreover, the program instilled Islamic business values, including honesty (ṣidq), trustworthiness (amānah), and diligence (ijtihād), as the foundation for ethical entrepreneurship. Overall, the Business Challenge Program effectively fostered creativity and self-reliance among mosque youth while strengthening the role of mosques as centers for community empowerment.

Waste management in Indonesia continues to face serious challenges, with waste generation reaching around 68 million tonnes per year, while the traditional landfill-based approach has become increasingly ineffective and unsustainable. This study aims to: (1) analyse the policy strategies of local government in implementing Integrated Waste Treatment Facilities (IWTFs) in Sidoarjo Regency; (2) identify the key success factors of the IWTF programme; (3) evaluate its impact on waste reduction and community participation; and (4) propose an effective governance model that can serve as best practice for other regions. Using a qualitative single case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with local government officials, IWTF managers, and community leaders, as well as field observations at five IWTF sites and a review of relevant policy documents. Thematic analysis was applied within the framework of policy implementation and collaborative governance theories. The results show that IWTF success in Sidoarjo was driven by four main factors: strong political commitment supported by adequate budget allocation, a collaborative partnership between government, community, and private sector, community empowerment through economic incentives via waste banks, and a structured monitoring–evaluation system. The IWTF programme has reduced landfill waste by 35%, increased public waste-sorting participation from 20% to 68%, and generated IDR 2.4 billion annually from recycling activities. Overall, Sidoarjo’s IWTF initiative demonstrates that sustainable waste management can be achieved through decentralized, participatory, and collaborative governance backed by consistent policy and institutional capacity.

Effective waste management is a crucial challenge in maintaining environmental cleanliness and sustainability, especially in rural areas. This study aims to analyze the development of waste banks as a sustainable waste management solution in Jl Sosro GG 1001 Village. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with data collection techniques through field observations, in-depth interviews with residents and waste bank managers, and documentation of activities. The results of the study show that the existence of waste banks is able to increase public awareness in sorting and managing household waste. In addition, the social and economic impacts caused are quite significant, such as the formation of work groups, increased additional income, and strengthening the value of mutual cooperation. However, there are a number of challenges that hinder program optimization, including limited operational facilities, lack of continuity of community participation, and lack of technical support from local governments. To overcome this, a capacity building strategy is needed through continuous training, provision of supporting facilities, and cross-sector collaboration. The waste bank in Jl Sosro GG 1001 Village has great potential to be used as a model of sustainable community-based waste management, if supported by a joint commitment between residents, the government, and other stakeholders.

Learning strategies are both a systematic approach and an art for managing the learning process so that learning objectives can be achieved effectively and efficiently. As a method, learning strategies are designed based on specific principles and rules derived from learning theory and educational research. This makes learning strategies a distinct field of knowledge that can be studied, developed, and applied scientifically. As an art, learning strategies demonstrate an educator's ability to creatively and flexibly utilize various learning resources, methods, and media according to student characteristics and the learning environment. A teacher who possesses sensitivity and intuition in managing learning can create a pleasant atmosphere and motivate students to be active and independent in their learning. Without a clear and directed strategy, the learning process tends to be haphazard, unfocused, and difficult to achieve. Therefore, planning and implementing appropriate learning strategies are crucial factors in the success of the educational process, as they determine the extent to which teaching and learning activities can proceed optimally and produce meaningful learning outcomes for students.  

Increasing rural communities’ understanding of national health policy and system is a strategic step toward improving access and equality in Indonesia’s health services. Health policy education plays a crucial role in ensuring that citizens understand their rights and responsibilities as National Health Insurance (JKN) participants, as well as the mechanisms of available healthcare services. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of health policy education in rural areas, focusing on the improvement of health literacy, community participation in decision-making, and the role of health workers as facilitators. A descriptive quantitative method was applied through surveys and field observations in three villages of Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. The findings reveal that 82% of respondents understood their JKN rights after the education program, compared to only 45% before. Major challenges included limited information media and low digital literacy among villagers. The study concludes that community education on national health policy effectively enhances public awareness of universal health coverage but requires continuous support through collaboration between local government, healthcare providers, and educational institutions.

Global challenges such as climate change and land degradation demand the strengthening of the agricultural sector through the adoption of relevant technologies. Agricultural extension plays an important role in conveying information and technological innovations to farmers, with extension workers as facilitators, educators, and motivators in accelerating the implementation of agricultural technology packages. However, the rate of adoption of technology by farmers is still low, especially in Tana Toraja Regency, South Sulawesi. In addition, there is no comprehensive and results-based evaluation system for extension workers. This study aims to determine the level of farmers' understanding of agricultural technology packages introduced by agricultural extension workers in Batu Papan Village, Makale District, Tana Toraja Regency. The research uses a descriptive quantitative approach with the object of the study, namely Field Agricultural Extension Workers (PPL) active in Makale District as many as seven people and 139 assisted farmers from six farmer groups. Farmer samples were taken as much as 20% of the population or 30 respondents using census and purposive sampling techniques. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire with a Likert scale to assess farmers' perception and level of understanding of the implementation of agricultural technology packages. The results showed that the level of farmers' understanding of the technology package introduced by extension workers was in the "very high" category with an index value of 82.6%. These findings show that extension workers have an effective role in increasing farmers' knowledge and involvement. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the support of extension facilities and infrastructure, such as technological teaching aids, audiovisual media, and field transportation, to support the optimization of the performance of agricultural extension workers in the region.

This study aims to examine the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Canva as instructional media in elementary school learning, particularly at SDN 069 Mompang Julu, Indonesia. The research employed a qualitative approach with a field study design. The research subjects consisted of elementary school teachers and students, while data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the use of AI and Canva assists teachers in designing more creative, visual, and efficient learning media, as well as increasing students’ motivation and engagement in the learning process. The discussion reveals that the integration of these technologies creates a more adaptive and engaging learning experience; however, it still faces challenges related to teachers’ digital competence and technological infrastructure. The study concludes that the integration of AI and Canva has strong potential to improve the quality of elementary education when supported by continuous teacher training and adequate technological facilities.

This study aims to analyze the interfaith solidarity of UINSU Law students after natural disasters in North Sumatra and Aceh and to identify the forms of social activities and humanitarian values developed through these humanitarian actions. The research method used is a qualitative method with a field research approach through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research data sources were obtained from students, social volunteers, and disaster-affected communities involved in humanitarian activities. The results of the study indicate that UINSU Law students have an important role in helping communities through fundraising activities, humanitarian volunteers, psychosocial assistance, and interfaith cooperation. The interfaith solidarity carried out by the students was able to strengthen social relationships, increase tolerance, and create social harmony in post-disaster communities. In addition, the values of religious moderation, social concern, and unity became the main foundations of the students’ humanitarian activities. The presence of students among disaster victims gave a positive impact on the social recovery process and strengthened the sense of brotherhood and humanity within Indonesia’s multicultural society.

Maritime safety is a crucial aspect of sea transportation regulated by Law No. 17 of 2008, which mandates the fulfillment of ship seaworthiness and crew requirements. To ensure these standards are met, the Directorate General of Sea Transportation carries out continuous supervision through the issuance of the Ship Safety Certificate. This certificate ensures that the ship meets the material, construction, machinery, stability, and equipment requirements in accordance with regulations, including the SOLAS International Convention. To enhance efficiency, the SIMKAPEL digital system was developed to accelerate the certification process online. This study aims to analyze the mechanism of issuing the Ship Safety Certificate for the TB. Cavalo Marinho 09, managed by PT. Surya Samudera Indah Batam at the Batam Special Port Authority (KSOP). The method used is a combination of field and library research, with direct observation and active participation for six months. The results indicate that the certification process at KSOP Batam is in accordance with the applicable Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and supported by the SIMKAPEL system. The study concludes that compliance with regulations and the utilization of digital systems are essential for maritime safety and efficiency.

This study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the difference invehicle traffic volume in the morning and afternoon on the Moch.Sruji-Jalan PB.Sudirman road section in Jember Regency. The survey was conducted through field observationby directly recording vehicle volume at 15-minute intervalsminutes, covering four categories of vehicles: heavy vehicles, light vehicles, motorcycles, and non-motorized vehicles. The data obtained was analyzedusing a quantitative approach assisted by the SPSS application, including a normality testand a mean difference test to determine the significance of the difference invehicle volume between the two observation times. Descriptively, traffic flowin the morning had a higher volume, especially during peak hoursaround 06.00-08.00 with a total of 450-500 vehicles, whilein the afternoon it was in the range of 250-350 vehicles. In addition, motorcycleswere the most dominant type of vehicle in traffic flow compared toother vehicle categories. The conclusion of this study is that the pattern ofcommunity activity, which is more intense in the morning, makes this perioda peak hour with the potential to cause congestion. The results of this studyare expected to be taken into consideration in the formulation of targeted traffic engineering policiesin the study area.

In accordance with the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education (Kemenristekdikti) Press Release Number: 3/SP/HM/BKKP/I/2019, themed “Open, Flexible, and Quality Research, Technology, and Higher Education,” it is stated that there is a current need for efforts to prepare higher education graduates. This preparation focuses on ensuring they possess the required competencies, work capabilities, and professional attitudes, which are to be achieved through certification, the enhancement of student achievements, and the provision of professional experience. TVKU, known as a local television station in the Semarang region, offers an internship program known as an “incubator.” This study aims to understand the significance of the role of this television incubator program in developing the competencies and professional experience of students at Universitas Dian Nuswantoro Semarang before they complete their studies and enter the actual workforce. The method applied in this study is the descriptive historical method. Data for this study was obtained through field research, which included interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using a descriptive qualitative analysis method, based on the stages of data collection, data reduction, data display, and data verification. The study’s findings indicate a correlation between the TVKU work incubator program and the development of students’ competencies and professional experience. This is evidenced by the success of alumni in obtaining employment in their desired fields after participating in the incubator program.  

Christian Religious Education (PAK) plays a strategic role in instilling foundational faith and moral values in children from an early age. Through the VAK learning style ( Visual, Auditory, and Kinesthetic). In the context of modern education, PAK functions not only as a medium for delivering biblical teachings but also as a framework for character formation that aligns with children’s developmental needs. This study aims to analyze the role of PAK as a means of shaping faith and moral values, as well as to describe how PAK learning practices strengthen children’s spiritual growth through modeling, habituation, and learning interactions relevant to their daily lives. This qualitative research employs a descriptive approach, with data collected through literature studies, limited observations, and reflections on field experiences. The findings indicate that contextually designed PAK learning significantly influences children’s ways of thinking, behaving, and acting. The integration of school, family, and church further reinforces the impact of PAK as a spiritual foundation and moral guide in everyday life. This study emphasizes that PAK is not merely the transmission of religious content but a process of value internalization that directs children toward a life of faith, strong character, and responsibility.

This study analyzes the legal position of the captain in the structure of maritime employment relations with a case study at PT. Kembang Mekar Indah, which highlights the gap between the normative provisions in the Commercial Code (KUHD), Law Number 17 of 2008 concerning Shipping, and the Maritime Labor Convention (MLC) 2006 with the implementation practices in the field. This study uses a normative-empirical legal method through literature studies and interviews with captains and company representatives, analyzed qualitatively-descriptively to compare legal norms and empirical reality. The results of the study indicate that maritime employment agreements still place captains on an equal footing with ordinary workers even though the legislation confirms their position as the highest leader on board and the legal representative of the ship owner. Empirical findings show that the fulfillment of the captain's rights to salary is 80%, work facilities 60%, legal protection 40%, and regulatory socialization only 20%, indicating an imbalance in legal protection and weaknesses in the substance of the employment contract. Therefore, it is necessary to reformulate the shipping legal system by improving maritime work agreements, strengthening the role of harbormasters, and harmonizing national regulations with the 2006 MLC standards in order to create maritime work relations that are professional, fair, and adaptive to international maritime law.

The performance of investigators in resolving criminal cases is one of the key indicators of police effectiveness. However, the Semendawai Suku III Police Sector still faces challenges in monitoring case resolution due to the lack of an integrated reporting system and minimal documentation of investigators’ knowledge. This study aims to develop an interactive dashboard system based on Knowledge Management to assist in monitoring case resolution performance and support data- and knowledge-based decision-making processes. The research employs the Prototype method, involving several stages: needs analysis, system design, system development, testing, and refinement. The system was developed using the PHP programming language and MySQL database. The implementation results show that the dashboard can display data on criminal reports, case resolutions, and pending cases in an informative and integrated manner. In addition, the knowledge base feature functions as a medium for storing and sharing investigators’ experiences (lesson learned), allowing field knowledge to be reused by other officers when handling similar cases. Overall, the implementation of the interactive dashboard system based on Knowledge Management at the Semendawai Suku III Police Sector successfully improves work efficiency, strengthens the transparency of investigative performance, and builds a foundation for sustainable organizational learning within the police environment.

This community service (PKM) aims to improve the English language competency of students of SMK Negeri 3 Palangka Raya specifically English For Specific Purpose (ESP). The increasingly global needs of the fashion and textile industry, both for export and import and interaction with foreign clients, require graduates to have English communication skills that are not only general, but also specific according to the terminology of design, production, and marketing of fashion products. The methods used are interactive training, and Role-Play simulations, and direct practical assistance with a focus on design presentations, negotiations with clients or suppliers, and technical terminology for sewing patterns in English. The results of the PKM show an average increase in specific vocabulary mastery of 25% as well as a significant increase in student self-confidence in using English for work scenarios, as well as a better understanding of professional terms in the field of Fashion Design. This activity is recommended to be continued as a regular school program to bridge the gap between the general English curriculum and the demands of actual work competencies in the fashion industry

Background: Patients with chronic kidney failure must undergo hemodialysis/dialysis therapy. Chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis experience several changes in their lives due to the patient's illness. Objective: This study aims to gain an in-depth understanding of the life experiences of chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: This research uses a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. The instruments for this research were the researcher himself, voice recorder, field notes, stationery, interview guide, and informed consent form. The informants used in this research were 7 informants. Results were analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. Results: Based on the results obtained in this study, 4 themes were found, namely (1) physiological, psychological, social, spiritual and economic changes, (2) Coping techniques in overcoming problems or changes due to chronic kidney failure, (3) Experiences in undergoing the hemodialysis process , (4) The hardest experience while suffering from chronic kidney failure. Conclusion: All informants experienced physiological, psychological and spiritual changes, while only a few informants experienced social and economic changes. Coping techniques for dealing with these changes are good except for economic changes where there is no solution for these changes. Experiences in undergoing the hemodialysis process include some being positive and some being negative. Meanwhile, the hardest experiences while suffering from chronic kidney failure vary according to what happens in the informant's life.

The issue of global food security is increasingly pressing amidst climate change, population growth, and environmental degradation. The agricultural sector, particularly rice production, faces threats from pests and diseases that reduce crop yields and farmer incomes. Climate change exacerbates pest attack patterns, increasing crop losses. In addition, excessive use of chemical pesticides leads to pest resistance and negative impacts on ecosystems and human health. This study used a descriptive method with a qualitative approach, and the study population included farmers who cultivate rice fields and farmer groups that have received Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Makale District, Tana Toraja Regency, with a population of 325 families. Respondents were randomly selected at 15% of the total population, with a sample of 49 farmers consisting of three farmer groups. The results showed that the role of farmer groups in IPM implementation in Makale District includes extension and training (65.5%), facilitating access to information and resources (69%), decision-making (67.5%), and conflict management and IPM cooperation (66.5%). Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the implementation of the rice farming system, with support from the Government and the Tana Toraja Regency Agriculture Service to optimize the development of rice farming businesses.