Publication Search

The development of the banking sector has led to an increase in the processing of customers' personal data, which can pose a risk of data misuse. One of the efforts to prevent this is the implementation of data minimisation, which emphasises that the personal data collected must be relevant, limited, and consistent with the legitimate purposes of processing, as well as transparent in accordance with the provisions of Article 27 of Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection (PDP Law). This study employs a normative legal analysis method with a descriptive-analytical approach, incorporating transformative legal theory and privacy rights protection to examine the application of the data minimisation by banks. The findings indicate that excessive data collection practices still frequently occur and may violate customers' privacy rights. Therefore, banks are required to disclose the types and relevance of customer data, conduct regular mapping and evaluation of the data required, and implement selective and secure information technology systems. This implementation constitutes banks' compliance with data protection principles, particularly security and accountability. Additionally, active customer involvement and oversight by authorities are crucial factors in ensuring the effectiveness of data minimisation implementation in the banking sector.

This study explores the integration of blockchain technology with federated learning (FL) to enhance cross-organizational healthcare analytics while ensuring privacy and data security. Federated learning allows multiple institutions to collaboratively train machine learning models without sharing sensitive patient data. Instead, local data is used to train models, and only model parameters are exchanged. However, privacy concerns and data sharing inefficiencies have hindered broader healthcare collaboration. Blockchain, a decentralized ledger technology, addresses these concerns by ensuring data integrity and transparency, providing an immutable and tamper-proof record of all transactions. This study investigates how the combination of blockchain and federated learning can overcome these challenges, facilitating secure and efficient data sharing between healthcare institutions. The study uses synthetic multi-institution healthcare datasets to simulate real-world collaboration scenarios. The blockchain-enabled federated learning system ensures that no raw patient data is shared, significantly reducing the risk of privacy breaches while still allowing healthcare institutions to collaborate on predictive model development. The results show that while there is a slight decrease in model accuracy compared to centralized methods, the trade-off is outweighed by the privacy and security benefits. Blockchain’s integration ensures that model updates are transparent, enhancing trust between institutions and reducing concerns about data integrity. Moreover, the use of blockchain’s smart contracts automates and enforces compliance, further streamlining collaboration. This research contributes to the field by demonstrating how blockchain-integrated federated learning can create a secure, scalable, and privacy-preserving framework for collaborative healthcare analytics. The findings underscore the potential for this approach to enhance healthcare outcomes and improve decision-making across institutions while ensuring patient data protection.

Legal protection of personal health data amidst the rapid digitalization of health services, such as telemedicine, electronic medical records, and online consultation applications is very important. Sensitive health data requires careful management, but in fact, many digital service providers in Indonesia have not implemented adequate security standards. The case of the BPJS Kesehatan participant data leak is a real example of the weakness of the data protection system, coupled with the practice of data misuse by digital platforms without valid consent. The method used is qualitative with a normative legal approach, through a literature study of primary and secondary regulations such as Law No. 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection (UU PDP), the ITE Law, and related Government Regulations and Permenkes. The results of the study show that although regulations are comprehensively available, implementation in the field still faces serious challenges such as the lack of appointment of Data Protection Officers (DPOs), weak supervision, and low awareness of data protection. Real threats such as cyber attacks, data leaks due to negligence, and misuse by third parties are the main issues. Electronic system providers have a great responsibility in building an information security system, preparing privacy policies, and implementing the principle of "privacy by design".  

Transparency and accountability in the legal system remain critical challenges in the ongoing efforts to reform governance in the digital era. This article aims to examine the potential and challenges of implementing blockchain technology to enhance transparency and accountability within legal systems. The study employs a qualitative literature review approach, conducting an in-depth analysis of relevant scientific literature and recent publications. Findings reveal that blockchain offers innovative solutions through immutable legal data and decentralized processes, which enhance public trust and efficiency via smart contracts and decentralized dispute resolution systems. However, the implementation of this technology faces obstacles related to regulation, data privacy, and the need for adequate infrastructure development. In conclusion, blockchain has the potential to revolutionize the legal system, provided there is cross-sector collaboration to overcome existing barriers. Further research is recommended to integrate empirical methods and case study explorations to deepen and apply understanding of blockchain adoption in legal contexts.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is quickly becoming a game changer in the way businesses build and manage their strategies. This article explores how AI is helping organizations make faster and smarter decisions, streamline operations, and spark innovation across various industries. With the ability to process massive amounts of data, AI tools can uncover valuable insights about market trends and customer behavior, allowing companies to respond more accurately and stay ahead of the competition. From machine learning and generative AI to natural language processing and digital twins, these technologies are transforming everything from internal workflows to how businesses connect with customers. The article also offers a practical roadmap for adopting AI in a business setting, covering steps like evaluating readiness, running pilot projects, and measuring success through return on investment (ROI). It emphasizes the need for strong data infrastructure, skilled teams, and a culture that supports innovation and data-driven thinking. Challenges such as algorithmic bias, data privacy, and internal resistance to change are also addressed. Real-world examples from banking, retail, and manufacturing show how AI can deliver real impact improving efficiency, increasing customer satisfaction, and driving business growth. Ultimately, embracing AI isn’t just about keeping up with technology it’s about shaping the future of smart, strategic, and ethical business.

TikTok's algorithm-based digital marketing strategy, especially through the #FYPMarketing approach, has become an effective method in building emotional connections and increasing Gen-Z consumer loyalty. Through the For You Page (FYP) feature, brands can spread content organically with a wide reach, as long as the content is emotionally relevant, authentic, and participatory. This study uses a qualitative method based on literature studies and analyzes the #ScarlettGlowUp campaign as a case study. The findings show that the success of marketing to Gen-Z is greatly influenced by the use of user-generated content, micro-influencer involvement, and storytelling that is consistent with the values ​​held by the audience. However, challenges such as algorithm manipulation, digital communication ethics, and data privacy issues are obstacles that require an approach based on transparency and social responsibility. This article concludes that the success of the #FYPMarketing strategy depends not only on technological and algorithmic capabilities, but also on trust, clarity of values, and alignment between the brand and its digital community.

This study uses a qualitative method with a normative legal approach that aims to analyze legal protection for victims of Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE) crimes, especially in cases of the distribution of digital pornographic content. The rampant distribution of pornographic content through digital platforms is a serious threat to the privacy rights and dignity of victims, especially women and children. In the context of law in Indonesia, protection for victims has been regulated in several laws and regulations such as Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to the ITE Law and the Criminal Code (KUHP). However, the implementation of this protection still faces various obstacles, includeing weak law enforcement, limited understanding of victims’ rights, and the suboptimal role of witness and victim protection institutions. Through literature studies and analysis of court decisions, this study found that legal protection is still reactive and has not been optimal in preventing and restoring victims’ losses as a whole. Therefore, a more responsive policy reformulation and strengthening of digital literacy are needed as strategic preventive measures.

The purpose of this research is to see how Digital Literacy: Understanding Norms and Ethics in the Online Field. In general, this study aims to assess the extent of understanding and practice of digital ethics in various groups. Measuring interventions (workshops/socialization) in improving ethical behavior online. Identify gaps in areas prone to norm violations, such as privacy breaches, unauthorized uploads, and the spread of hoaxes. Develop a model or recommendation for literacy programs that is grounded in social norms and values. Research methods The form of this research is descriptive, analytical, and critical. Therefore, the author can comprehensively explain how Digital Literacy: Understanding Norms and Ethics in the Online Field. In this study, the author optimally used two data sources related to this research, namely. Primary data sources and secondary data sources. The result of this study is that digital literacy and ethics are effective in reducing hoaxes and hate speech. Strengthening methods include e-learning, digital media, and school literacy movements. The challenges are the limited skills of students, the lack of parental supervision, and the need for teachers who need to continue to develop.

This study discusses the importance of ethics in educational research, which serves as the fundamental basis for maintaining scientific integrity and protecting the rights of research subjects. The study aims to examine the principles of research ethics in education, the challenges faced in its implementation, and solutions to ensure compliance with ethical standards. This research employs a literature review method by analyzing various relevant sources. The findings indicate that the key principles of research ethics in education include respect for research subjects, maintaining privacy and data confidentiality, upholding objectivity, and ensuring transparency in reporting results. Common challenges encountered include protecting participants' rights, avoiding bias, and managing conflicts of interest that may affect research validity. Therefore, researchers must possess a high level of awareness and responsibility to ensure that their research provides positive benefits for academia and society at large

This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach to examine the impact of social media on the honesty of teenagers toward their parents in Stabat Lama Barat Village. The aim of this research is to describe the extent to which the use of social media influences teenagers’ honest behavior in communication and interaction with their parents. In an increasingly advanced digital era, social media is not only a source of entertainment but also has a significant influence on character development and moral values, including honesty. The results show that some teenagers tend to hide their social media activities from their parents, either due to privacy concerns, fear of being scolded, or the desire to create a certain image online. This behavior leads to reduced openness and honesty in their daily lives. However, there are also teenagers who are able to use social media wisely while upholding honesty within the family. Factors such as moral education at home, parenting styles, and social environment play an important role in shaping honest attitudes among teenagers despite the rapid growth of digitalization.

This study aims to critically analyze the impact of the SIM card data leak by an anonymous actor named Bjorka on the level of public trust in digital security in Indonesia which first appeared in mid-2022, precisely in August 2022. In addition, it evaluates the extent to which the national legal system is able to provide protection for digital service users and examines the social, moral, and ethical responses of society in addressing the incident. This case demonstrates that data breaches are not merely technical issues but also shake the legitimacy of the state in safeguarding citizens’ privacy rights, while revealing gaps in regulatory systems and data governance. This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data were collected through literature reviews of scholarly articles, academic journals, policy reports, and relevant opinion pieces. The findings indicate that Bjorka’s data breach incident triggered a crisis of public trust in government institutions and digital service providers. The public responded with fear, anger, and disappointment, mainly due to the lack of transparency and accountability from the responsible parties. Moreover, the implementation of Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection is considered ineffective, both in terms of law enforcement and the readiness of technical and institutional infrastructure.

Di era transformasi digital dan big data, perlindungan data pribadi menjadi isu yang sangat mendesak, terutama dengan diberlakukannya Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Pelindungan Data Pribadi (UU PDP) di Indonesia. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melakukan tinjauan kritis terhadap pelaksanaan UU PDP 2022, mengeksplorasi tantangan, peluang, serta dampaknya terhadap hak atas privasi individu. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis, mengkaji literatur terkini dan dokumen hukum melalui analisis tematik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun UU PDP 2022 telah memberikan kerangka hukum yang kuat, implementasinya masih menghadapi hambatan, mulai dari rendahnya literasi digital masyarakat, lemahnya pengawasan kelembagaan, hingga dominasi platform digital raksasa. Artikel ini memberikan kontribusi dengan menawarkan pemahaman baru tentang urgensi tata kelola data yang inklusif dan berbasis kepercayaan publik, sekaligus memberikan rekomendasi praktis bagi pemangku kepentingan. Kesimpulannya, perlindungan data pribadi memerlukan sinergi lintas sektor untuk menciptakan ekosistem digital yang adil, aman, dan berdaulat, serta perlu didukung penelitian lanjutan yang lebih mendalam dan komparatif.

Personal data protection is a crucial issue in the digital era, which is characterized by the processing and widespread dissemination of information on the internet. In this context, the different legal approaches between Indonesia and the United States raise questions regarding the effectiveness and scope of privacy protection in each country. The focus of this research is to analyze the legal systems applicable in both countries to identify the strengths, weaknesses, and potential for cross-system policy adoption. Using a normative juridical method and a comparative law approach, analysis is conducted on key regulations such as Law No. 27 of 2022 in Indonesia as well as various sectoral regulations in the United States. The findings show that Indonesia has integrated regulations but faces challenges in implementation, while the United States has more established enforcement despite its sectoral and fragmented nature. The synthesis of these two approaches emphasizes the importance of finding a balance between regulatory comprehensiveness and enforcement effectiveness. In conclusion, efforts to strengthen personal data protection in Indonesia can be directed towards strengthening institutions and oversight, while the United States can draw lessons from its centralized regulatory model to improve consistency of protection across sectors.

Teachers are under increasing pressure to deliver personalized, standards-aligned instruction while managing time constraints and rising workloads. Traditional lesson planning often limits creativity and adaptability due to its complexity and repetitive demands. In response, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool to support instructional planning. This study highlights how AI enhances teacher efficiency, simplifies administrative tasks, and supports differentiated, data-driven instruction. However, these benefits require thoughtful and responsible integration. AI adoption must include safeguards for data privacy, ensure algorithmic transparency so teachers understand the basis of system recommendations, and actively mitigate systemic bias that may disadvantage certain learner groups. Most importantly, teachers should remain actively involved in reviewing and adapting AI-generated content to preserve professional judgment and uphold pedagogical integrity.

Non-Civil Servant Government Employees (PPNPN) are a vital component in the operational activities of an organization. However, their performance management faces challenges in efficiency and standardization. This scientific paper examines the potential implementation of Google Sites as a platform for PPNPN performance management. The analysis focuses on the existing regulatory framework. The proposed model leverages the integration of Google Sites with Google Forms, Google Sheets, and other supporting applications provided by Google to digitize the performance management cycle, from planning, monitoring, and evaluation (based on indicators such as integrity, discipline, teamwork, communication, and service), to documentation and feedback. The main advantages of this platform include administrative efficiency, increased data transparency and accessibility, centralized data management, potential for consisten process, collaboration, and cost-effectiveness. Nevertheless, its implementation faces significant challenges related to the digital literacy gap among PPNPN with diverse roles, data security and privacy issues in the public sector, the need for robust change management, feature limitations compared to specialized HRIS systems, particularly in the Ministry of Finance where the research object's office is located, and the necessity for adequate supporting infrastructure. This research concludes that Google Sites offers a technically viable solution, but its success highly depends on the organizational and human resource readiness of both the HR managers and the PPNPN themselves.

In the modern legal system, Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) testing has become an important tool in the resolution of criminal and civil cases in Indonesia. The use of DNA can assist in determining blood relations, uncovering sexual abuse cases, and proving involvement in other crimes. Nonetheless, there are various legal issues that arise regarding the collection of DNA specimens without the consent of the sample owner. In Indonesia, although there are personal data protection regulations such as the Health and Population Administration Law, there are no specific provisions regarding the legality of unauthorized DNA sampling. This creates uncertainty in the legal system, especially in terms of evidence being recognized in court. Unauthorized DNA sampling can violate an individual's right to privacy guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution and the Criminal Procedure Law. This potentially makes DNA test results inadmissible as valid evidence in court. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the legality of the practice of unauthorized DNA sampling and its impact on the legal evidentiary system in Indonesia. The study also highlights the importance of medical ethics and legal protection of privacy in determining the validity of DNA evidence in judicial proceedings. It also explores the role of medical ethics and privacy law in determining the validity of DNA test results in the judicial process, and provides recommendations for clearer regulations regarding DNA sampling procedures.

The development of information and communication technology has changed the pattern of human interaction, which was initially done face-to-face, to digital. The positive impact of internet usage is to facilitate connection and access to information, but it can also result in negative impacts such as cybercrime. The purpose of this research is to determine the crime of cyberstalking reviewed from Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE). This research is normative legal research that is prescriptive and uses a statutory approach, case approach, and conceptual approach. The collection of legal materials uses literature study techniques or document studies using syllogistic analysis techniques and using deductive thinking patterns. From the research, it was found that cyberstalking can be in the form of stalking followed by sexual harassment, privacy interference and continuous threats. In addition, cyberstalking is regulated in Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. However, this law has not been clearly or specifically regulated regarding stalking in the digital realm. Therefore, we need strict regulations regarding cyberstalking crimes.

The protection of victims of sexual violence in Indonesia's national legal system is representative of the state's commitment to uphold human dignity, as mandated by the constitution. The constitutional basis for this protection is stated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, especially Article 28G paragraph (1), which states that everyone has the right to protection of privacy, honor, dignity, and freedom from treatment that degrades human values. Currently, sexual violence can occur anywhere, especially in the scope of education. The impact of sexual violence causes a lot of harm to its victims, from the impact on the victim's psychology to the physical impact. The purpose of the research is related to the effectiveness of law enforcement or the operation of the law and the background of the law. Whether a legal protection can protect the rights of victims of sexual violence, and provide proper protection that must be obtained for victims of sexual violence. This research uses emprical research methods and a case approach which is used to analyze the handling of cases of “Sexual Violence and Forced Abortion” as a real form of legal application. With the existence of legal protection for victims of sexual violence provided by the state, it does not guarantee victims get the promised justice. Social stigma is one that can exacerbate the suffering of victims, making them isolated and reluctant to seek help. Society often tends to blame the victim, creating an unsupportive and even demeaning environment. Therefore, it is important to address social stigma in the context of sexual violence to impact the well-being of the individual as well as society as a whole.

This study is a descriptive qualitative study that aims to describe sexual education provided by parents at Taman Firdaus Christian Kindergarten, Balige, North Sumatra. Data were obtained through direct interviews with the Principal, teachers, and several parents. The results showed that teachers and parents at Taman Firdaus Christian Kindergarten had provided basic teaching about the physical differences between boys and girls. However, an explanation of the genitals and their names had not been given because it was considered inappropriate for the age of the children. The main focus of teaching was on norms of politeness and privacy, although a comprehensive understanding of sexuality had not been achieved. Understanding of boundaries and privacy was taught by emphasizing the importance of maintaining privacy, such as not showing genitals to the opposite sex and maintaining physical distance. However, there were challenges such as the limitations of school policies in separating boys' and girls' toilets. The use of appropriate language in sexual education has been carried out well, although consistency in the school environment and at home needs to be improved. Parental involvement in children's sexual education is considered important, but there are obstacles in the form of parental discomfort in discussing sexuality topics with their children at home. The descriptive approach in this qualitative study aims to describe in detail the events, phenomena, and social situations that are the focus of the study. Analysis is carried out by giving meaning, interpreting, and comparing the data obtained to gain a deep understanding of the subject being studied.

This study explores the role of Big Data in crisis communication in the digital age, where information dissemination happens quickly through various platforms. This transformation poses challenges such as the risk of spreading fake news and reputation crises. Big Data plays an important role in detecting potential crises early, as well as in understanding the dynamics of public opinion and designing more responsive and effective communication strategies. Through real-time data collection and analysis from various sources, such as social media and news reports, organizations can build smart and adaptive monitoring systems. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach to explore the role of Big Data in crisis communication in the digital era. The results show that the crisis detection process starts from data collection, cleaning, to sentiment analysis that helps organizations measure public response. However, the application of Big Data also faces considerable challenges, including the complexity of processing data with high accuracy, privacy issues, and the readiness of infrastructure and human resources in the organization. This research provides clearer insights into the strategies that can be used to optimize Big Data in crisis communications, so that organizations can strengthen communication effectiveness, maintain reputation, and build public trust amidst evolving information challenges.