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This research is motivated because the teaching materials used are still conventional and students' understanding of problem solving is still in the low category. Therefore, this study aims to develop research and improve the validity, practicality and effectiveness of the Science learning module for Class V MI Muhajirin, Jambi City. Reach and Development (R&D) consists of four stages, namely, define, design, develop and disseminate. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D). This research was conducted at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Muhajirin, Jambi City. The instruments used were assessment questionnaires, teacher and student interview sheets along with test questions. The subjects in this study were grade V students consisting of 20 students. The results of this study indicate that the level of validity of the application of the learning module shows a percentage of 80% included in the very effective category, the level of practicality shows 92.8% with a very practical category and the level of effectiveness shows a percentage of 64.2% with a very valid category.

This research was motivated by the problems found, namely the lack of learning media, the LKPD used had not trained mathematical problem solving abilities, the existing LKPD was LKPD created by educators who had not been connected to Islamic teachings, resulting in a decline in students' mathematical problem solving abilities. This research aims to produce LKPD integrating Islamic values to train problem solving skills in class This research is development research or RnD using the Sugiyono development method. The instruments used were validation sheets, student response questionnaires, and mathematical problem solving ability tests. The data analysis techniques used are validity data analysis, practicality analysis, and effectiveness analysis. Based on the development research that has been carried out, an LKPD with a validity level of 80% is in the valid qualification, for the practicality qualification, namely 78.41% is in the practical criteria, and for the effectiveness level, namely 80,76% is in the effective qualification. It can be concluded that the LKPD integrates Islamic values to train mathematical problem solving abilities  which was developed including valid, practical and effective criteria.

This study is founded on the issues identified, specifically the dearth of learning resources, the LKPD's lack of training in mathematical critical thinking, and the fact that the LKPD that is currently available was created by educators who did not follow a scientific methodology, which has led to students' low levels of mathematical critical thinking. In order to educate mathematical critical thinking skills in class VIII MTsS Asy-Syarif Koto Laweh for the 2023–2024 academic year, this project intends to produce LKPD based on a scientific approach that satisfies the requirements of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. Using Sugiyono's development paradigm, this study is called research and development, or R&D. Student answer surveys, mathematical critical thinking ability assessments, and validation sheets are the equipment. The techniques for data analysis that are employed are validity analysis, practicality analysis, analysis of effectiveness. Based on development study conducted, LKPD is obtained with a validity level of 84.2%, of which 82.33% are on extremely practical criteria, 78.94% are on effective criteria, and 82.33% are on highly valid criteria for the level of practicality. We may conclude that the LKPD Asy-Syarif Koto Laweh created, which is based on the Scientific Approach to Train Mathematical Critical Thinking Skills in Class VIII MTsS, satisfies the requirements of being valid, practical, and efficient.

This study aims to develop Genially-based teaching materials for the topic of news text writing for Grade VII students at UPTD SMP Negeri 5 Gunungsitoli. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the Borg and Gall model, which consists of ten stages ranging from identifying potentials and problems to mass production. The research subjects were students from class VII-E (6 students: 3 male and 3 female) and class VII-D (31 students: 15 male and 16 female). The validation results of the teaching materials indicated a very high level of feasibility, with scores from three experts: material expert (100%), language expert (100%), and design expert (96.6%). A practicality test conducted on a small group yielded a score of 96.11%, categorized as "Very Practical." The effectiveness test carried out on the larger group showed an effectiveness rate of 83.87%, classified as "Very Effective" in improving students’ ability to write news texts.In conclusion, the Genially-based teaching materials are highly feasible, practical, and effective for teaching news text writing in Grade VII. This study is expected to serve as a reference and provide additional insights for future researchers.  

This study aims to develop a Canva-based Digital Scrapbook as a learning medium for negotiation texts for tenth-grade students at SMK Negeri 1 Sogae'adu. The research uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the Borg and Gall model, which includes ten steps: identifying problems, collecting data, designing products, validating designs, revising, product testing, revising, usage testing, final revisions, and mass production. The product trial was conducted with 6 students from class X MP 2, and the usage trial with 33 students from class X MP 1. The media was validated by three experts: material, language, and design. Material validation reached a score of 60 out of 60 (100%), language validation scored 40 out of 40 (100%), and design validation showed high feasibility. The practicality of the media, based on student questionnaires, was 91%. Effectiveness was shown by increased post-test scores, with 81% of students meeting the learning completeness criteria. The results indicate that Canva-based Digital Scrapbook media is highly feasible, practical, and effective for learning negotiation texts. This media improves student engagement, concept understanding, and interest. It supports student-centered learning and fits the needs of 21st-century students who prefer interactive, and visual, and creative approaches to understand material better.

This study aims to develop and evaluate Prezi-based audiovisual learning media on biographical text material for class X students of SMK Swasta Kristen Tomosa 1. The development of this media uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model which includes five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The results of the study indicate that Prezi-based audiovisual media has very good feasibility based on validation from three experts: material experts reaching (76.2%), language experts reaching (82.8%), and design experts reaching (85.7%). The practicality of the developed media is assessed through student response questionnaires in small group trials reaching (87%), which indicates that this media is very practical to use in learning. The effectiveness of the developed media is measured by the results of student learning tests, which show a percentage completion of 100% with an average score of 90, which meets the Learning Objective Achievement Criteria (KKTP). Based on these results, it can be concluded that Prezi-based audiovisual media is feasible, practical and effective to use for learning biographical text material at SMK Swasta Kristen Tomosa 1.

The purpose of this study was to develop flipbook learning media to improve listening skills in news texts of class VII students of SMP Negeri 1 Bawolato. The implementation procedure or research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the Borg and Gall model, which includes ten stages ranging from potential and problems to mass production. The subjects in this study were class VII students of SMP Negeri 1 Bawolato, even semester class VII-A totaling 6 people, 3 boys and 3 girls, class VII-B totaling 31 people, 17 boys and 14 girls. The results of the study showed that the flipbook media had been validated by three experts, namely material, language, and design experts with a percentage level of 100% for each aspect tested so that it was categorized as "very feasible" to use. The practicality test conducted on a small group showed that the flipbook scored 96.21% which means "very practical" in its use. In addition, the results of the effectiveness test conducted on a large group showed an effectiveness level of 83.87% which was categorized as "very effective" in improving students' listening skills. It was concluded that flipbook learning media to improve listening skills in news texts was very feasible, practical, and effective in supporting learning to listen to news texts in class VII. It is hoped that further researchers will use this research as additional insight to carry out research.  

This research aims to develop online mathematics learning tools based on the local wisdom of Papua in the form of Lesson Plan and E-Worksheet products that are oriented to students' critical thinking skills and mathematical problem-solving in materials of polyhedra which (1) validity aspects, (2) practicality aspects, (3) effectiveness aspects. The cultures used in this research are the kariwari traditional house and the kaki seribu traditional house as illustrations to explain the concept of polyhedra. The research method is research and development (R&D) using the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) development design model. The subjects in this study are 8 students who are in grade VIII at Golden Gate Junior High School, Sorong City. The instruments used in this study are validation sheets, learning implementation observation sheets, teacher response questionnaires, student response questionnaires, and tests. The learning tool is valid if the results of the experts' assessment are at least in the "good" category. Learning tools are said to be practical if the results of teacher’s responses, student responses, and observations of learning implementation are at least in the "good" category. The learning tool is effective if the percentage of students who complete the critical thinking skills test and the math problem-solving ability test is at least 60%. This research produced online learning tools in Lesson Plan and E-Worksheet mathematics form based on local Papuan wisdom oriented to critical thinking skills and problem-solving skills of grade VIII junior high school students on flat-side space building materials. The validation results show that the product developed meets the valid criteria with a good category. The results of the test show that the product developed meets the practicality and effectiveness criteria. Practicality achieved the category “very good” based on teacher assessment, student responses, and the observation of learning implementation. Effectiveness achieves the effective category based on the test of critical thinking skills and mathematical problem-solving. The percentage of students who completed the critical-thinking skills test reached 87.50%, and the mathematical problem-solving ability test reached 75.00%.

The teaching of Professional Ethics in the Culinary Arts Study Program is often delivered in a theoretical manner, make lack of contextual and reflective learning experiences for students. This study aims to develop and evaluate an interactive pocket book as a learning medium to support students' understanding of ethical values in real culinary work settings. The research employed the 4-D development model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), with data collected through observation, interviews, expert validation, practicality questionnaires, and pretest–posttest design. The study was conducted over three months at Universitas Negeri Medan. Validation results indicated that the media was highly feasible in terms of content, layout, and language. Practicality testing showed that students found the media very practical, while the effectiveness test revealed an improvement in learning outcomes with a gain score of 0.60 (moderate to high category). These findings demonstrate that the interactive pocket book is effective in promoting ethical learning that is contextual, reflective, and applicable. The media is recommended for integration into learning strategies focused on values and professional attitudes and is suggested for further development into digital formats to enhance flexibility and wider accessibility.

The competitiveness of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia often faces obstacles due to limited product packaging that fails to adequately reflect product quality, uniqueness, and brand identity. Packaging is not merely a protective container but also a strategic communication tool that influences consumer perceptions, shapes brand image, and supports market expansion. This community service program was carried out at the Banana Chips MSME “Bu Tini” in Semarang, which previously relied on simple plastic packaging without graphic design, brand logo, or product information. The main objective of this program was to assist the MSME in developing both the design and functional aspects of packaging as a strategic effort to strengthen branding, enhance product value, and improve competitiveness. The methodology applied was community-based and participatory, consisting of field observation, focus group discussions, collaborative design with the business owner, and prototype testing of new packaging. The results demonstrate that the redesigned packaging highlights a stronger visual identity through logos, colors, and slogans, while also ensuring practicality, durability, and compliance with food safety standards. Furthermore, the new packaging improved information clarity regarding composition, expiration date, and producer details, which significantly increased consumer trust in hygiene and quality. From a broader perspective, the activity fostered social transformation by raising awareness among the owner and workers about the importance of branding and professional packaging, developing new skills, and positioning the MSME as a role model for similar businesses in the community. This program implies that packaging development is not solely a visual improvement but a strategic branding instrument that can support MSMEs in achieving sustainability and greater competitiveness in local, regional, and potentially digital markets.

This study aims to develop an effective classroom teaching model using the SQ3R knowledge differentiation method and to test the validity of the product as well as the benefits of the model. The method used in this research is research and development (F&E) that follows the Borg & Gall model consisting of 10 steps, which includes the first trial, corrections based on the trial results, field test, and survey and distribution of the product to support education in schools. In the development stage, the products were tested for validity and effectiveness. The results showed that validation from experts obtained an average score of 9.7 with the category “very valid.” In addition, the 1-1 trial resulted in an average score of 93.63% for the learning model, 102% for the material aspect, 98% for practicality, and 96% for benefits. All aspects were categorized as “very interesting,” “very easy,” and “very useful.” Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the Flipped Classroom learning model with the SQ3R differentiation method is proven effective in improving critical thinking skills of grade IV students in science subjects at SDN Klenang Lor 1. This model is also very feasible to be applied in science learning and has the potential to be adapted and applied to other subjects at the elementary school level.

Many students find it difficult to connect abstract mathematical concepts with real-world applications, leading to limited problem-solving and modeling skills. This study aimed to develop a real-world problem-based mathematics module designed to enhance students’ mathematical modeling abilities. Using a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the 4D model Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate the research involved secondary school students enrolled in mathematics classes. The Define stage identified learning difficulties and needs, while the Design and Develop stages focused on creating, validating, and refining a contextual mathematics module based on expert feedback. Quantitative data were collected through expert validation sheets, mathematical modeling tests, and student response questionnaires. The results demonstrated that the developed module achieved a high level of content and design validity, confirming its appropriateness for classroom use. Student responses indicated strong practicality and engagement during implementation. The effectiveness analysis showed a 28% improvement in mathematical modeling skills after the intervention, as evidenced by increased post-test scores and positive student feedback. Compared to traditional textbook-based instruction, the module proved more effective in fostering conceptual understanding, analytical reasoning, and real-world application of mathematics. In conclusion, the developed real-world problem-based module successfully bridges the gap between theoretical mathematics and authentic contexts, providing an innovative framework to cultivate modeling competence and critical thinking among students.

The purpose of this study is to develop illustrated story media to increase interest in learning social studies subjects for grade IV students of SDN Inpres Rabakodo. This study uses the R&D method, to develop illustrated story media as a learning media for social studies for grade IV elementary school students. By using the Borg and Gall model which includes 5 stages, namely potential and problems, collecting data, product design, product validation, and design revision. The results of the study showed that the validity of the illustrated story media from 4 media and material validators obtained an average score of 83.26 categorized as very feasible. The questionnaire response of limited test students showed the practicality of the illustrated story media with an average score of 85.16 categorized as very practical. The results of the development of illustrated story media carried out by measuring student learning interest were 82%, compared to before the use of the story media, student learning interest was only 45%. This means that the results of the development can significantly increase student learning interest

The purpose of this study is to develop illustrated story media to increase interest in learning social studies subjects for grade IV students of SDN Inpres Rabakodo. This study uses the R&D method, to develop illustrated story media as a learning media for social studies for grade IV elementary school students. By using the Borg and Gall model which includes 5 stages, namely potential and problems, collecting data, product design, product validation, and design revision. The results of the study showed that the validity of the illustrated story media from 4 media and material validators obtained an average score of 83.26 categorized as very feasible. The questionnaire response of limited test students showed the practicality of the illustrated story media with an average score of 85.16 categorized as very practical. The results of the development of illustrated story media carried out by measuring student learning interest were 82%, compared to before the use of the story media, student learning interest was only 45%. This means that the results of the development can significantly increase student learning interest

This objective is to develop valid, practical and effective Rattan media (cultural wheel) in increasing learning motivation of fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili. The type of research used by the researcher is R&D (Research & Development) using the ADIE development model (Analysis, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). In this development research, the effectiveness test was carried out in class V and the practicality test was carried out on fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili as a test of practicality and product effectiveness. The results of the study showed that the validity of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) from 4 media and material validators obtained an average score of 93.87 (very valid). The questionnaire response of limited test students showing the practicality of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) obtained an average score of 93.33 (very practical). Thus, the rattan media learning media in sub-theme 2 can be used as a thematic learning media for fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili.

The study aims to develop and evaluate STEM PBL-based science learning media to enhance students' critical thinking and creativity. The objectives include describing, producing, and assessing the feasibility, validity, practicality, and effectiveness of these media for grade VII students. This Research and Development (R&D) study follows the 4D model: define, design, develop, and disseminate. The developed media take the form of a digital Flipbook accessible via smartphones and PCs. A limited trial involved 22 students and one educator, while a field test included 51 students from SMPN 1 Binongko, Wakatobi Regency, divided into experimental and control groups. Data were collected through tests, interviews, questionnaires, and validation sheets. Feasibility, validity, and practicality were analyzed descriptively, while effectiveness was evaluated using the N-Gain, MANOVA, and Cohen's effect size tests. The results indicate that the STEM PBL-based Flipbook presents real-life problems, their causes, and solutions, encouraging critical thinking and creativity. It meets validity and feasibility criteria as assessed by expert lecturers. Educators and students also rated it as highly practical for learning. Finally, the Flipbook was found to be effective in improving students' critical thinking and creativity, with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05.

This objective is to develop valid, practical and effective Rattan media (cultural wheel) in increasing learning motivation of fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili. The type of research used by the researcher is R&D (Research & Development) using the ADIE development model (Analysis, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). In this development research, the effectiveness test was carried out in class V and the practicality test was carried out on fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili as a test of practicality and product effectiveness. The results of the study showed that the validity of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) from 4 media and material validators obtained an average score of 93.87 (very valid). The questionnaire response of limited test students showing the practicality of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) obtained an average score of 93.33 (very practical). Thus, the rattan media learning media in sub-theme 2 can be used as a thematic learning media for fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili.

This research is based on the lack of understanding in learning Indonesian in folk poetry materials, the difference between students' learning styles and unsupportive learning media is an obstacle for students in the learning process in the classroom so that students get bored easily. The purpose of this study is to describe the stages of PANDIGI learning media development with a differentiated model on folk poetry materials and to find out the validity and practicality of the development of the developed learning media. The type of research used is research and development using the ADDIE model, (analyze, design, development, implementation, evaluation). This research was conducted at SMPN 18 South Tangerang with the research subjects of grade VII.8 students totaling 41 students. The results of the study show that this learning media is valid and practical to use. The results of the assessment score of material experts were 85.71, and media experts were 86.6 which showed decent information without revision, as well as research from students conducted using a questionnaire showed a score of 84.36 which means very good, so it can be concluded that the PANDIGI website gets a very good and very decent category.

This study aims to develop an inquiry-based e-module as a teaching material for ecosystem topics for tenth-grade high school students. The e-module is designed to enhance student engagement in learning and foster critical thinking skills. The research method employed is Research and Development (R&D) using Sugiyono’s development model. Validation was conducted by subject matter experts, language experts, and media experts, yielding results of 86%, 93.33%, and 94.54%, respectively, all categorized as highly feasible. Practicality tests by teachers resulted in a score of 93.75%, while student practicality surveys reached 95.4%, indicating that the e-module is highly suitable for learning. The critical thinking skills test showed an overall student score average of 77.25%, classified as high. This e-module offers several advantages, including ease of access, an engaging design, and interactive content incorporating text, images, videos, and exercises. However, challenges in its implementation include limited technological access in some schools. Overall, the inquiry-based e-module is considered effective and ready for use as an alternative teaching material for ecosystem learning in high schools.

The low reasoning ability of students in processing information has an impact on learning outcomes and creative thinking skills. So it is necessary to develop a valid, practical, and effective learning model to improve students' creative thinking skills. The research method used was the Borg and Gall model which was modified into 8 stages. This research was tested on fourth grade students of SD Negeri Kalisalam 2. Data collection used questionnaires for student expert validators, and teachers, non-test assessments to measure students' creative thinking skills, and interviews. This research evaluates the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the developed learning model. The results of expert validation showed that the model and learning materials were very valid with an average score of 90.16%. In detail, the learning model validator gave a score of 93.66%, while the material expert gave a score of 86.66%. The practicality assessment before and after the trial was 84% and 80% respectively, both in the “practical” category. The effectiveness of the model was measured through student questionnaires with an average of 79% (“effective”) and non-test assessment of creative thinking skills, where 16 out of 23 students showed improvement after the application of the learning model. This guidebook/prototype of inquiry-based learning model development with scaffolding techniques is considered effective for improving students' creative thinking skills, besides that this model can also help teachers in encouraging innovation in classroom learning to be more interesting.