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Knowledge is the result of understanding or a state of knowing that arises after someone senses a certain object. A mother's attitude is a reaction or response that is still closed from a person to a stimulus or object. This research aims to determine the relationship between mothers' knowledge and attitudes towards sensory-motor development in toddlers in Lambaro Sukon Village, Aceh Besar. This research uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The sample was selected using a total sampling technique with a total sample of 73 respondents. This research was conducted from 16th April – 11st July 2024. The data collection technique used a questionnaire with maternal knowledge and attitude questionnaire instruments as well as KPSP. Data analysis techniques use univariate and bivariate tests. The results of data analysis showed that the characteristics of mothers were dominated by mothers with sufficient knowledge who had toddlers with good sensory motor categories (58.1%). Most of the mother's attitude was obtained, namely a good mother's attitude with the child's sensory and motor skills being in the good category (57.8%). The results of hypothesis testing using Chi Square obtained a sig value. calculate mother's knowledge (p= 0.034), and mother's attitude (p= 0.001). Based on the results of the hypothesis test, it was concluded that there was a significant relationship between mothers' knowledge of toddlers' sensory-motor development and there was a significant relationship between mothers' attitudes towards toddlers' sensory-motor development. The suggestion in this research is that this research can provide more information to mothers about children's motor balance, as study material and knowledge that can help for further research activities.

This study aims to determine the relationship between characteristics and maternal knowledge about stimulation of soft motor development in children aged 3-5 years in Mireuk Lamredeup Village. The research design used was observational with a cross-sectional approach. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 52 respondents. Data collection techniques use questionnaires with knowledge questionnaire instruments and Pre-Developmental Screening Questionnaires (KPSP). Data analysis techniques use univariate and bivariate tests. The results of hypothesis testing using Chi Square obtained a sig value. calculate the mother's characteristics, namely education level (p= 0.005), age (p= 0.015), and mother's knowledge (p= 0.029). Based on the results of the hypothesis test, it was concluded: 1) there is a significant relationship between Mother’s age on the soft motor development of children aged 3-5 years; 2) there is a significant relationship between Mother’s education on the soft motor development of children aged 3-5 years; and 3) there is a significant relationship between mother's knowledge and the soft motor development of children aged 3-5 years.

This Professional Ability Development Program (PKP) aims to improve the fine motor skills of early childhood through folding, sticking, and coloring activities at TK 'Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 25 Medan. Fine motor skills, such as cutting, sticking, and coloring, are very important for the development of eye-hand coordination and prepare children for their academic and daily skills. This study used a descriptive method with a classroom action-based approach, where activities were carried out for three weeks from July 15 to July 29, 2024. The study participants consisted of 40 children divided into age groups of 4-6 years. The results of the study showed a significant increase in children's fine motor skills after participating in this program. Most children were able to show improvements in terms of accuracy and neatness in using tools such as scissors, glue, and colored pencils. In addition, children's enthusiasm and involvement in activities also increased. However, some children need more intensive guidance in developing their fine motor skills. Learning that integrates games and creative activities has been shown to be effective in helping children develop their fine motor skills. In conclusion, the implementation of PKP not only has a positive impact on improving children's fine motor skills, but also provides a fun and interesting learning experience for them. Thus, this program can be used as a model in developing basic skills for early childhood in other preschool educational institutions.

This study aims to investigate the effect of cutting activities on the fine motor skills of Group B children at TK State Pembina KH Dewantoro Kindergarten, South City, Gorontalo City. An experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design was used. The study was conducted over two months, involving 21 children as the sample. Data collection was carried out using a performance test. A pre-test was performed to measure fine motor skills before the intervention, followed by the implementation of a cutting activity with paper for eight sessions. After the intervention, a post-test was conducted to assess changes in the children's fine motor skills. The results showed that the average score of fine motor skills before the intervention was 56.75, which increased to 88.76 after the intervention. The t-test revealed a t-statistic value of -24.720 and a p-value of 0.000, indicating that the p-value is less than the established significance level (0.05). Thus, the null hypothesis is rejected, and the alternative hypothesis is accepted, indicating that the cutting activity had a significant effect on improving the children's fine motor skills. These findings confirm that the cutting activities applied were effective in improving the fine motor skills of children at TK State Pembina KH Dewantoro Kindergarten.

Early childhood education aims to develop motor, affective and life skills, not just creativity. Early age is a golden period that requires appropriate stimulation to optimize growth and development. One challenge is the development of fine motor skills, such as the ability to grasp at the age of 3-4 years (Antara, 2019). Loose parts media helps hone creativity and motor skills, as well as supports logic and concentration (Nurfadilah et al., 2020). To motivate children, the token economy technique is used, namely giving temporary prizes such as coins that can be exchanged (Hackenberg, 2018). This program is entitled: "Improving Fine Motor Skills for Children Aged 3-4 Years Using Loose Parts Media with the Token Economy Technique." This study used quantitative research methods with a Pre-Experimental experimental design, using Saturated Sampling techniques. Subject D experienced an increase in fine motor skills of 5 points after three interventions, from Pre-Test 4 to Post-Test 9.

Children have a strong affinity for games. In daily life, they frequently engage in both traditional and modern forms of play. These games are often viewed as essential tools for promoting children's physical and motor development, which is a critical aspect of early childhood growth. Developing motor skills is a fundamental requirement for young children, and one effective approach to fostering this development is through traditional games. This study examines the role of traditional games in enhancing children's motor skills. By engaging in these activities, it is anticipated that children will not only improve their motor abilities in a more effective and enjoyable manner but also benefit in other areas. Traditional games contribute to a child's development by: 1) promoting physical fitness, resilience, competitiveness, and overall well-being; 2) fostering mental attributes such as sportsmanship, tolerance, discipline, and a sense of democracy; 3) nurturing moral qualities including responsiveness, sensitivity, honesty, and sincerity; and 4) enhancing social skills, enabling children to compete, collaborate, practice discipline, exhibit friendliness, and develop a sense of national identity.

Background: Infants aged 2 months have begun to learn body movements in the form of gross motor skills. Starting with kicking movements, straightening the hands of sideways movements and then on the stomach until at the age of 1 year the baby can walk independently. Gross motor can develop faster and better when there is stimulus from the surrounding environment. Baby gym can provide a stimulus for gross motor development. Baby gym exercises done with the person closest to the baby will be better for the baby's emotional security. Objective: Providing counseling and practice in mother and baby classes at the kendalsari health center makes mothers who have babies under 1 year old and who will have a baby can apply it at home to train their children's gross motor skills. Methods: the method used in this counseling is to provide leaflets and then education and practice. Giving some questions on the pretest and postest to find out the picture of knowledge in mothers. Results: from this activity an increased understanding of baby gym procedures and their benefits was obtained. 

Measuring the fine motor skills of children aged 5-6 years before implementing the paper folding (origami) method at Al-Ikhlas Tembung Kindergarten, (2) Analyzing the implementation of learning using the storytelling method in the context of fine motor skills at Al-Ikhlas Tembung Kindergarten, and (3) Knowing the increase in fine motor skills of children aged 5-6 years after implementing the paper folding (origami) method at Al-Ikhlas Tembung Kindergarten. The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) with a quantitative and qualitative approach. The research subjects consisted of 12 children aged 5-6 years, who were class A students at Al-Ikhlas Tembung Kindergarten, consisting of 8 boys and 4 girls. This research was carried out from May until completion, covering preparation and implementation activities. This research adopts the Kemmis and Mc design model. Taggart, implemented in two cycles, namely cycle I and cycle II. The results from cycle I showed a percentage value of 10.3%, while in cycle II it increased to 14.3%. The results of research from pre-action, cycle I, and cycle II show that the average child has improved. The increase in children's fine motor skills shows that the paper folding method (origami) is effective in improving the fine motor skills of children aged 5-6 years. Thus, the paper folding method (origami) can be considered as one method that can be used to improve the fine motor skills of children in this age range.

This study aims to determine and describe the teacher's strategy in developing gross motor skills in children at Bunayya 7 Al-Hijrah IT Kindergarten. The research methodology uses phenomenological qualitative, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis used data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that: 1) The strategy of activities carried out by teachers to develop gross motor skills at Bunayya 7 Al Hijrah IT Kindergarten, Percut Sei Tuan District, includes doing gymnastics, playing games, practicing prayers, doing role-playing activities, singing asmaul husna with movements, warming up through ice breaking, getting children used to ablution, and getting children used to using the toilet (toilet training). 2) From these activities, the teacher has several strategies in developing gross motor skills, including the preparation of media and teaching materials by the teacher to be applied in learning, the teacher teaches warm-up movements as an introduction to the activity, the teacher gives explanations and direct examples to children, the teacher provides assistance to children, the teacher gives praise and motivation, the teacher repeats so that children are able to master and get used to doing movements, and the teacher evaluates children. 3) Teachers choose to use this strategy because it is effective for developing gross motor skills such as agility, strength, balance, and coordination in a fun way for children.

This research aims to enhance the fine motor skills of children aged 5-6 years through shape drawing activities at PAUD Nurul Ikhwan, Desa Mondang, Kab. Padang Lawas. Fine motor skills, which involve the coordination of small muscle movements, are crucial for activities such as writing and manipulating objects. Despite their importance, these skills are often less emphasized compared to gross motor skills. This study employs Classroom Action Research (CAR) to address observed delays in fine motor development among children at the PAUDNurul Ikhwan.The research consists of two cycles, each incorporating shape drawing activities designed to stimulate and develop fine motor skills. In the initial observation (pratindakan), 11 out of 13 children were identified as having underdeveloped fine motor skills. The first cycle involved introducing drawing activities, but progress was limited. By the second cycle, improvements were noted, with 78% of children achieving satisfactory levels of fine motor development.The findings suggest that regular, engaging drawing activities can significantly enhance fine motor skills in young children. This research underscores the importance of incorporating creative activities like drawing in early childhood education to foster optimal motor development.

The motor nervous system is a series of nerves in the brain, spinal cord and muscle tissue that functions in human body movements such as speaking, walking and writing. One of them is in early childhood which helps improve their cognitive development. The aim of Community Service in the field of Education is to serve Bina Bangsa University students in implementing their knowledge in society. The stages carried out include conducting a survey, determining the use of motor methods, as well as service in PAUD in the Bulakan Village environment. The results of the service were carried out at two Early Childhood Education schools using different motor skill activity methods, both gross motor and fine motor. The conclusion of this PKM in the Education sector is good for finding out one of the education problems in one village regarding the education of early childhood students.

This research includes research objectives to evaluate the effect of the traditional game Gobak Sodor on improving gross motor skills. The research method used is a quantitative method with a one group pretest-posttest research design. The research population was class IV students at SDN 1 Cipedes, the sample used was a purposive sampling technique with a sample of 16 class IV students. Data collection techniques were carried out through pre-tests and post-tests regarding students' abilities in terms of running speed. The research instrument used was a running speed test with a distance of 30 meters. Before the posttest, the researcher will provide treatment in the form of practicing the game Gobak Sodor. After the pretest-posttest is carried out, the researcher will carry out data processing to determine the students' running speed after practicing the game Gobak Sodor.

Children who spend their play time playing with gadgets will tend to be lazy and reluctant to move around, so that their motor development process will be hampered. Motoric development in children also goes hand in hand with their physical maturity. Motor development is a physical activity that is centered on the brain, to acquire skills and increase the movement abilities of children to adults which are very necessary for controlling the body. This research aims to determine the correlation between gadget use and motor development in pre-school children aged 4-6 years at Anggrek 97 Kindergarten, Jember. This research method used correlational analysis with a cross sectional approach. The population was 45 students at Kindergarten Angrek 97 Jember, the sample size was 40 respondents, the sampling was determined using a purposive sampling technique. The instruments used questionnaire sheets for using gadgets and observation sheets for motor development. Then analyzed using Spearman rank test. The results of this study showed that 15 respondents (37.5%) had high gadget use and 22 respondents (55%) were starting to develop. The results of the analysis test p value = 0.000 < α 0.05. This means there is the correlation between gadget use and motor development in pre-school children aged 4-6 years at Anggrek 97 Kindergarten, Jember The role of parents has an important influence on the formation of character and the development of children, especially on their motor development and also to increase awareness of children in applying gadgets.

This study aims to determine the fine motor skills of children aged 5-6 years through mosaic activities at Kindergarten Santo Thomas 2 Medan. The method used in this research is Pre-experimental with One Group Pre-test Post-test Design. The subjects in this research were cheerful group B consisting of 20 children. Research data uses the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and is equipped with a description of the data using percentage calculations. From data analysis, it is obtained that Tcount = 192,5 with α = 0.05 Ttable = 52. Tcount > Ttable where 192,5 > 52. This means that the hypothesis which states that there is an influence of mosaic activities on children's fine motor skills is accepted. The Wilcoxon test results are complemented by motor abilities in percentage with an average pre-test score of 5.25 and post-test score of 7.2. The average score of children's fine motor skills after being given the mosaic activity was higher than before being given the mosaic activity.

Children between the ages of four and six benefit greatly from the moral and motor skills development opportunities presented by kindergarten-level early childhood education programs. The purpose of this research was to determine whether the fine motor-based learning approach used by teachers at Nusa Indah Kindergarten in Bicak Village was successful in enhancing the students' fine motor skills. Using the number wheel and other interactive activities, youngsters may practice their fine motor skills while learning the fundamentals of mathematics. An novel learning medium was developed and evaluated using a Research & Development (R&D) approach. The study also utilized an observational method to analyze the medium's impact. The findings demonstrated that the approach considerably enhanced the fine motor skills, which encompass drawing and writing, of the children. The children's engagement and enthusiasm for learning were both boosted by the game-based activities. These results lend credence to the idea that preschool programs should take a more all-encompassing approach to teaching young children, one that prioritizes not just their cognitive but also their physical and emotional growth. This study adds to the body of knowledge on early childhood education curricula by highlighting the need of including fine motor development activities.

Silaban, Rosa. 2023. "The Effect of Direct Instruction Gymnastics on the Gross Motor Development of Children Aged 5-6 Years in the Smart Ceria Tapian Nauli Kindergarten, Sipoholon District". The aim of this research is to determine the effect of direct instruction gymnastics in the gross motor development of children aged 5-6 years at the Smart Ceria Tapian Nauli Kindergarten, Sipoholon sub-district. The method used in this research is a quantitative research method with a pre-experimental design type of research in the form of "One Shot Case Study". The population is all group B students (aged 5-6 years) at the Smart Ceria Tapian Nauli Kindergarten for the 2022/2023 academic year, totaling 42 children and a sample of 20 people was taken using a purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 20 items, namely 10 items for variable Ceria Tapian Nauli, Sipoholon District is known through: 1) Test of analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy = 0.687 > rtable(=0.05,n=20) = 0.444 thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variable ) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 47.2%. 2) Influence test: Regression equation test, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="17.24"+0.49X. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.    

This research aims to develop fine motor skills in early childhood through coloring activities at Aisyiyah Baturan Kindergarten in Group B1 with a total of 24 people. Fine motor skills are fine movements that involve certain parts and muscles, this is because it requires less energy but requires careful coordination. Skill development activities for kindergarten aged children’s fine motor skills which aim to hone children’s motor coordination abilities. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with descriptive research type. The data analysis used in this research is data analysis using qualitative descriptive techniques.

The research aims to develop fine motor skills in only childhood trought rice planting activities at the TA Sanggar Anak Alam (SALAM) located in Nitiprayan village, kasihan,bentul, a village located on the border of the Yogyakarta district and Bantul district. With a total of 29 students. Fine motor skills, namely this movements, will coordinate the eyes and hands in a fairly good movement control which allows them to carry out precision and precision in small muscle movements. Learning activities to plant rice for kindergarten aged children’s fine motor skills aim to hone children’s motor coordination skills.

Fine motor skills are movements carried out by the fingers with a central nervous cell arrangement that regulates the use of small muscle groups such as the fingers and hands, and often require precision and coordination with the hands. One type of game that can optimize children's fine motor development is puzzle games. Puzzles are a type of game that improves thinking skills, makes it easier to remember and understand concepts, and increases creativity. Puzzle games are simple games that are played in pairs and require precision because children are trained to focus their minds so they can concentrate. The aim of this activity is to improve fine motor development in children through puzzle play therapy. It was found that respondents were very enthusiastic about carrying out play therapy. The conclusion from this activity is that fine motor development in children can be trained using puzzle play therapy.

The development of motor skills is an important aspect of children's growth, affecting physical skills, muscle coordination, and daily activities. In elementary school, motor development influences children's academic and social abilities. Rhythmic gymnastics is a structured physical activity that can enhance children's motor skills, such as strength, balance, and coordination. This study examines the application of rhythmic gymnastics to improve gross motor skills in elementary school students using literature review and digital research methods. The purpose of this research is to study the impact of rhythmic gymnastics on children's motor development through a literary research approach. The methodology used is a literature review that includes a critical analysis of various academic sources such as journals, books, and relevant articles. The results of the study indicate that rhythmic gymnastics can significantly improve children's gross and fine motor skills. Rhythmic gymnastics activities involving rhythmic movements, coordination, and balance contribute positively to children's physical and cognitive development. Furthermore, rhythmic gymnastics has also been proven effective in enhancing children's social and emotional aspects through enjoyable and structured group activities. These results highlight the importance of incorporating rhythmic gymnastics into the elementary school curriculum to support the development of gross motor skills.