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The main objective of this research is to determine the effect of the Literacy, Orientation, Collaboration, and Reflection (LOK-R) learning model aided by Ice Breaking on the reading ability of fourth-grade students at SD YPK 1 Efata Serui. The type of research is quasi-experimental design. The population of this study is all 172 students at SD YPK 1 Efata Serui, while the research sample consists of 29 fourth-grade students. Data collection was carried out through reading ability tests, observation sheets, and documentation. The collected data was analyzed using inferential statistical techniques. Based on the data analysis, the average score in the experimental class before treatment was 55.5, while after treatment it was 88.5. In the control class, which used direct instructional model, the average pretest score was 60.5 and the post-test score was 67.5. Hypothesis testing for the experimental class yielded a normal gain test of 0.68, which means it was very effective, while the control class obtained a normal gain test of 0.29, indicating that it was not effective. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the Literacy, Orientation, Collaboration, and Reflection (LOK-R) learning model aided by Ice Breaking on the reading ability of fourth-grade students at SD YPK 1 Efata Serui.

  Abstract. Research shows that leadership plays an important role in improving and reforming schools and education systems in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Mustiningsih, Maisyaroh, and Ulfatin 2019). In the context of the digital industrial revolution, leaders are not only responsible for academic performance and the proper functioning of schools but are also responsible for all activities carried out by schools (Kurniawan et al. 2023). This revolution includes automation and digitalization of all aspects of the industry to create products that meet consumer needs (Lanang Putra et al. 2021). This revolution also presents challenges for tax reform, including integrating various changes caused by digitalization and the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Mayasari and Narsa 2020). In the field of education, leadership abilities in understanding and using digital knowledge are very important to support learning activities in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Sugiarto and Dewantara 2021). The leadership qualities demonstrated by Christ are very important for pastors in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution to be able to lead effectively and overcome challenges (Eppang 2022). The fourth industrial revolution offers opportunities to increase savings and reduce consumption through the development of e-commerce and the digital economy (Suwardana 2018). In addition, this Revolution has also changed job design, job structure, and required skills, thereby increasing the demand for people with different skills (David 2021). Finally, business orientation, digital capabilities, leadership skills, and the environment influence business decisions (Justin and Handoyo 2023).

This research aims to determine the application of the local history learning model in increasing student learning motivation. This research is classroom action research. The subjects in the research were 40 class XI IPS 3 students. The data collection technique used in this research uses observation, interviews and documentation. The steps taken in this research are starting with orientation before taking action, plan (planning), act (implementation of action), observe (observation) and reflect (reflection). ). The research results show that the application of the local history learning model can increase students' learning motivation. Meanwhile, in particular, it shows that the application of the environmental exploration model of history learning can increase student learning motivation, increase student activity and creativity in learning. This is proven from cycle to cycle, there is an increase in student activity, including actively asking questions, searching for and processing information, having the courage to express ideas, answering questions asked, developing and analyzing the historical events being studied, exploring learning experiences, applying learning experiences. , exchange ideas about the material with colleagues, be able to work together in groups, and make conclusions. Thus, the environmental exploration approach can be used as a suitable alternative in history learning to increase students' learning motivation both in the form of processes and in the form of products in the form of values.

In the modern era of education, the focus of learning has shifted from teacher orientation to student orientation. As educators, it is important to design learning methods that are in accordance with technological developments. Today, learning that is too teacher-centered and theoretical tends to reduce student interest. Therefore, the use of audio-visual media such as learning videos can increase student engagement, provide deep meaning, and arouse high enthusiasm for learning. This study aims to 1) explain the level of student enthusiasm when using audio-visual learning media, and 2) evaluate the impact and interest of students on audio-visual based learning media in the learning process. This research was conducted at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ibn Aqil Pekanbaru. This research is a descriptive qualitative research that uses data collection methods in the form of direct observation, interviews, and literature studies. Research findings show that lecture-dominated learning tends to make learners lose interest and focus on themselves. The results of the study showed that 1) when students were introduced to the use of audio-visual media such as learning videos, most of them felt very enthusiastic and excited in following the learning process, while only one student showed less interest. 2) Thus, it can be concluded that the use of audio-visual learning media can increase student enthusiasm at the elementary school level.

In achieving good education knowledge is strongly influenced by the performance of teachers in carrying out their duties so that teacher performance becomes an important demand to achieve the success of educators. The purpose of this study was to determine the efforts in improving the teaching performance of teachers at SMAN 4 Medan. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research with literature study research method. The results of this study explain that the factors that support the performance of teachers of SMAN 4 Medan such as, the effectiveness and efficiency of the performance of teachers of SMAN 4 Medan is less supportive of the learning system applied, Orientation and Responsibility of teachers of SMAN 4 Medan giving assignments/activities to their students is considered less on target, discipline in punctuality and work discipline, the initiative of teachers of SMAN 4 Medan in carrying out their duties is considered less good enough but teachers as much as possible carry out their goals as a teacher by always thinking positively and trying to attract students' interest in learning. Efforts to improve teacher performance can be done by coaching, supervising teacher work, providing motivation, and evaluating teacher performance.

Islamic education holds a strategic position in shaping students’ moral character and social attitudes within multicultural societies. However, Islamic educational curricula are frequently perceived as prioritizing normative-textual transmission and doctrinal compliance, leaving limited room for interfaith dialogue and the cultivation of inclusive dispositions. This study critically assesses Islamic educational curriculum orientations and examines how sharia-based moral pedagogy can foster interfaith tolerance among students. The study also responds to the limited empirical linkage between sharia moral education and measurable developments in tolerance, inclusivity, and dialogic competence in Islamic schooling contexts. Using a qualitative design with descriptive-critical analysis, the research draws on curriculum document analysis and classroom observations across several Islamic educational institutions. Data are analyzed thematically to identify how three key curricular dimensions-akhlak (ethical conduct), maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah (higher moral objectives), and Islamic civilization history-are embedded and enacted in teaching practices, as well as how these elements shape students’ attitudes toward religious difference. The results indicate that akhlak-centered learning supports empathy, mutual respect, and non-discriminatory behavior by framing morality as lived practice rather than abstract instruction. Integrating maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah strengthens students’ inclusive orientation by emphasizing public good, justice, and human dignity as guiding principles for social relations. Additionally, teaching Islamic civilization history-especially narratives of coexistence-enhances students’ awareness of interfaith engagement and positions dialogue as compatible with Islamic identity. A comparative analysis suggests that sharia-based moral pedagogy is more effective than normative-textual curricula in building tolerant and inclusive student dispositions, mainly because it enables reflective learning, contextual moral reasoning, and dialogic interaction.

Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) is a form of healthy living orientation in individual, family, and community culture, which aims to improve, maintain, and protect their health both physically, mentally, spiritually, and socially. PHBS Clean and Healthy Living Behavior aims to provide learning experiences or create conditions for individuals, groups, and families, by opening channels of communication, information, and education to improve knowledge, attitudes, and behavior so that people are aware, willing, and able to transmit clean and healthy living behavior. Healthy. Through PHBS, it is hoped that people can recognize and overcome their problems and can implement a healthy lifestyle by maintaining, maintaining, and improving their health. A preliminary survey of PBHS indicators in Lawe Loning Aman Village, Lawe Sigala-Gala District, Southeast Aceh Regency, revealed that there are still many people in Lawe Loning Aman Village, Lawe Sigala-Gala District, Southeast Aceh Regency who have not implemented PHBS. This research aims to analyze the impact of health promotion on changes in clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) in the household environment in Lawe Loning Aman Village, Lawe Sigala-Gala District, Southeast Aceh Regency, in 2023. Meanwhile, for data collection, the type of research used is quantitative with this Quasi-experiment research design using one group pretest-posttest. The instrument used was an observation sheet which was distributed to 30 respondents. The results of data analysis show that health promotion has an impact on several changes, namely the behavior of weighing babies every month (p = 0.000), hand washing behavior (p = 0.000), the behavior of using clean water (p = 0.000), the behavior of using healthy toilets (p = 0.000), mosquito larva eradication behavior (p=0.000), fruit and vegetable consumption behavior (p=0.000), physical activity behavior (p=0.000), non-smoking behavior (p=0.005). Apart from that, two variables cannot be directly influenced by health promotion, namely delivery behavior with the help of health workers (p=0.489) and exclusive breastfeeding behavior (p=0.320). Based on the findings of this research, it is recommended that health workers and other health promotion organizers improve PHBS behavior in the home environment and again interventions can be carried out aimed at further improving hygiene to avoid various diseases.

In Indonesia, where different languages co-exist and where English is used as a foreign language, the learners' attitudes and motivational orientation toward English play an important role in formulating effective learning strategies. This article aimed to examine the attitudes of Indonesian students toward learning English as a foreign language and to understand the motivational orientations that result from their attitudes. A secondary objective of this research was to find the appropriate learning strategy that can be used for high school students in Indonesian education based on the result of the research. Fifty high school students in the second grade from sciences and social sciences major were asked to respond to questionnaires that measured their attitudes and orientations. The results indicated positive attitudes toward learning English as a foreign language with a clear instrumental orientation. Hence, the study highlighted that Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) became the appropriate learning strategy. Despite a strong desire to learn English to gain access to international markets, the status of Bahasa remains secure as it is viewed as a symbol of national integration.

The Problem Based Learning learning model is a learning model that begins with giving problems to students where the problems given are everyday experiences or have been experienced by students. Then students solve the problems given to gain new knowledge. It is expected that students are able to learn knowledge related to these problems, as well as students have skills in solving problems. The purpose of this research is to increase student motivation in PAI subjects at Perlaungan Islamic High School. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The data collection techniques used are in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation and then drawing conclusions. The sources of data in this study are school principals, deputy heads of curricula, PAI teachers, and students. The results of the study show that: 1. Implementation of the Problem Based Learning learning model in PAI subjects at Perlaungan Islamic High School there are five stages, namely, student orientation to problems, organizing students to learn, guiding educators to search for data on a problem, developing and presenting the work , analyze and evaluate. 2. Student learning motivation, there are two learning motivations, namely, intrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation there are three indicators namely, there is a desire and desire to succeed, there are encouragement and needs in learning, there are hopes and ideals, and extrinsic motivation, there are five extrinsic motivations indicators namely, there is appreciation in learning, there are interesting activities in learning, there is a conducive learning environment, teacher-student relationships, student-student relationships.    

This academic exploration delves into the nuanced competencies and dynamics shaping the academic journey of Semester 1 cadets at a distinguished Maritime Institute. Focusing on computer literacy, technological proficiency, and sociocultural influences, our qualitative descriptive approach seeks to unveil the intricate dimensions of contemporary maritime education. The assessment of computer literacy reveals varying competencies, urging the need for a tailored curriculum. While basics like office software and digital navigation are strong, disparities in data analysis proficiency call for targeted interventions. The implications highlight the necessity for a stratified curriculum, ensuring a comprehensive skill set in line with modern maritime demands. Cadets overwhelmingly endorse technology's role in enhancing education, signalling a paradigm shift. Positive attitudes towards online resources, digital simulations, and e-learning platforms advocate for an institutional embrace of cutting-edge tools. Recommendations focus on faculty development and increased technology integration, promising an enriched pedagogical landscape. The exploration of sociocultural influences uncovers a delicate balance between tradition and the necessity of English proficiency. Nuanced strategies are essential to integrate diverse cultural backgrounds. Recommendations call for cultural awareness initiatives and language support programs, aligning the institution with the global orientation of maritime education. In qualitative insights, cadets express a collective desire for a more intentional curriculum, particularly in incorporating cultural perspectives. This aligns with the broader scholarly discourse advocating for holistic education. Proposed avenues include workshops, seminars, and collaborations with cultural experts, providing a roadmap for curriculum development congruent with the diverse needs of Semester 1 cadets. This research, rooted in rigorous academic inquiry, serves as a guide for the Maritime Institute, steering its trajectory towards producing technologically adept professionals who are equally culturally astute, ready to navigate the complex global maritime landscape.

Hidden curriculum emphasizes the development of affective aspects and students' self-actualization as a model for achieving learning goals. This research investigates the implementation of a hidden literacy curriculum in an online learning context, with a focus on program preparation, implementation, and completion. The aim of this research is to revive the nation's literacy spirit for Indonesia's future progress. The method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach to describe directly how the situation and implementation process takes place. Through analysis of literacy needs and selection of relevant materials, this program preparation creates a solid foundation. The implementation of this hidden curriculum emphasizes literacy orientation, integrated activities, and individual support to increase student participation and development of literacy skills. Literacy final projects, self-evaluations, and portfolio creation provide concrete evidence of students' literacy achievements, while evaluations of program effectiveness guide subsequent improvements. Overall, this research provides insight into how hidden curriculum literacy can shape students as independent learners who are able to apply literacy in their daily lives.

This research was conducted due to the lack of optimal use of interesting media, as well as the lack of teacher skills in using digital-based media in the learning process. Because of this, students often become bored and lose interest in learning lessons. As a result, learning materials tailored to students' interests and preferences are needed.One way to achieve this is by creating the development of Problem Based Learning Media using Canva for class X TKJ in basic computer network and telecommunications orientation subjects at SMK N 3 Padang. The aim of implementing Canva as a learning medium can be a creative solution to increase student focus by visualizing material in an interesting and interactive way. This type of research uses Research and Development (R&D), and the development model used is 4D model design. This 4D development model consists of four stages, namely Define, Design,Develop (Development) and Disseminate (Dissemination). Research carried out at SMK N 3 Padang, research findings produced learning materials with material validity of 89.07% and media design validity of 93.7% and teacher response questionnaire answers of 96.6% and the student questionnaire response was 88.12 which can be categorized as very valid and practical.

This study is based on the phenomena experienced by social studies students in class X MAN 1 West Pasaman. The researcher saw that at the research site there were still some students who did not live up to the moral creed material. This can be proven when students talk to their friends using impolite words, even heard when talking to their teacher. Then there are students who don't attend congregational prayers, students who don't want to read the Koran, and some are even hostile to their classmates, it's not uncommon for teachers to greet students without answering them. .and there are many other things behind the change or decline in a student's religious behavior. This research is a correlational research with quantitative data orientation. The sample of this research is students of class X IPS MAN 1 Pasaman Barat. There were a total of 80 people. The results showed that the analysis and discussion of the research data took the sig value from the results of hypothesis testing in the coefficient table. 0.000 <0.05, so it can be concluded that the learning variable of morals and faith (X) influences religious behavior. (Y ).

The characteristics of organizational culture can have a significant impact on the performance of teachers in schools. Some characteristics of organizational culture that can influence teacher performance are as follows: task orientation, communication, social support, recognition, and learning culture. Research is conducted with a procedure or work stages starting from the preparation phase where the research team prepares a review of relevant theories related to the research being conducted, discussions, sharing of knowledge, and literature searches are activities in this phase. Then, initial observation is carried out on the problem, followed by submitting written questions to the respondents in the form of a questionnaire, and then the data is collected, tested, analyzed, and evaluated.

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes by applying the inquiry learning model during teaching and learning activities in Civics Education (PKn)  SD . This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes of students in elementary schools because there are still many teachers who do not apply innovative learning models, teacher-centered conventional learning models that make students less active in the learning process. The Inquiry Learning learning model emphasizes the process of critical and analytical thinking to seek and find answers to the problems in question. This research method is the study of literature (Library Research) or library research. The research is motivated by the low student scores, presumably because the learning model is less attractive. Inquiry Learning learning model, namely: (1) orientation; (2) formulate the problem; (3) formulate hypotheses; (4) collect data; (5) testing the hypothesis; (6) formulate conclusion    

Early childhood has a high curiosity, so attention is needed that is not only pursuing achievement, but learning orientation that develops attitudes and interest in learning and stimulates various potentials and basic abilities of children. Therefore the design of painting activities will be the right choice to be used for creativity during this covid pandemic. This PKM painting activity was carried out at the Cimone Orphan House in Tangerang with presentation of the material and then continued with painting practice. The target of this service program is the elementary and junior high school level as many as 15 (fifteen) people. The implementation was carried out face-to-face (on the spot training) which began with observation and coordination with the management of the orphanage related to the availability of places, the readiness of the orphans and administrative licensing arrangements with the administrators of the orphanage. The method used in carrying out PKM activities is to increase children's creativity, showing examples of pots that you want to decorate / pictures using Microsoft PowerPoint in the form of pictures, playing games with orphans, and asking questions / quizzes. The results of the service to students increase knowledge, insight and creativity of orphans.

Counseling guidance is a relief effort given to students in order to obtain self-concept and self- confidence, to be used by students in fixing problems that exist in students. The purpose of this research is to find out 1) How is the implementation of counseling guidance program at MI Bina Ihsan Mulia Badung 2019/2020 Learning Year, 2) How is the student discipline in MI Bina Ihsan Mulia Badung 2019/2020 Learning Year, 3) How is the implementation of the guidance program counseling in improving discipline in MI Bina Ihsan Mulia Badung 2019/2020 Academic Year? The type of research uses a qualitative approach that is descriptive. Resource persons in this study are the principal, class teacher, student field. Data collection techniques used were interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis is performed interactively, starting from data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of the application of counseling guidance in MI Bina Ihsan Mulia Badung conducted by the homeroom teacher, subject teacher, and school principal. The counseling guidance program in MI Bina Ihsan Mulia Badung is provided with an information service orientation service for individual counseling services for mediation services.

The entrepreneurial part of the program encourages graduates to think creatively, innovate, and take risks. This will help students develop the capacity to come up with innovative ideas, spot opportunities, and confront difficulties in novel ways. The goal of this research is to determine what variables hinder graduate creativity and how entrepreneurial orientation in learning might help increase graduate creativity. This study employed a qualitative technique with a library approach. Data sources were obtained via library examination of papers, journals, publications, and so on. The findings of this study show that factors inhibiting graduate creativity include an overly structured curriculum, monotonous teaching methods, and limited resources and facilities in the form of infrastructure, which are among the most significant barriers to students developing creative ideas..

This study aims to analyze the learning orientation on the performance of salespeople through smart work, and hard work owned by salespeople. High sales force performance is needed by the company so that sales success can be achieved. Learning orientation is one of the factors that have an influence on increasing salesperson performance, because with a learning orientation it can make a salesperson able to work smartly, have the ability to sell, so that the salesperson's performance will increase. The research method uses SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis with the AMOS program. The results of the study prove that learning orientation, smart work and hard work have a positive influence on the performance of salespeople.

In choosing the right learning model, a teacher must pay attention to students' abilities and choose a learning model that can motivate them to learn and develop their potential so they can overcome problems in life. Problem-Based Learning is considered a learning model that can help students maximize their potential and develop skills in solving problems in everyday life. This study aims to critically analyze the application of problem-based learning models in the field of study of Islamic Religious Education. Through a literature study approach, this study focuses on a critical analysis of the basic concepts, principles, and procedures for applying the Problem-Based Learning method in learning Islamic Religious Education. The results of the research show that in order to implement PBL in the learning process, teachers should follow the procedures or implementation stages. The procedure for implementing PBL is divided into several steps, namely: problem orientation, organizing students to study (in groups), investigation or data collection, developing and presenting work results, and finally; evaluation and reflection.