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Official travel constitutes a routine yet strategically significant component of local government administration, closely intertwined with bureaucratic processes, public financial management, and accountability arrangements. Despite its operational importance and fiscal visibility, official travel management has received limited integrative attention in the public administration literature, and existing studies remain fragmented across procedural, financial, and governance perspectives. This article addresses this gap by providing a comprehensive literature review on administrative efficiency in official travel management within local governments, with particular attention to bureaucratic processes and cost control mechanisms. Adopting a narrative–analytical literature review design, the study employs a state-of-the-art and theory-driven synthesis of recent peer-reviewed scholarship in public administration, public financial management, governance, and related fields. The analysis integrates thematic and conceptual synthesis techniques to identify recurring patterns, relationships among key concepts, and unresolved issues in the literature. The findings reveal consistent patterns of procedural inefficiency, including administrative burden, complex approval chains, and process fragmentation, which persist even under formal cost control and accountability systems. The review further demonstrates that compliance-oriented financial controls often secure fiscal conformity without necessarily improving administrative efficiency, particularly when misaligned with bureaucratic workflows and constrained by limited administrative capacity. Governance and accountability mechanisms enhance transparency and oversight but frequently prioritize answerability over performance learning, thereby legitimizing inefficiencies rather than resolving them. By synthesizing insights from Administrative Efficiency Theory, Public Financial Management, Bureaucratic Process Theory, Administrative Capacity Theory, and Governance and Accountability perspectives, this article advances an integrative conceptual framework that explains efficiency outcomes as systemic products of interacting institutional dimensions.

Consular services have become a critical site of state intervention in the governance of international labor migration, particularly for migrant-sending countries such as Indonesia whose citizens depend on overseas missions for administrative protection and access to public services abroad. Despite the growing importance of consular institutions in safeguarding migrant workers’ rights and welfare, existing scholarship remains fragmented, offering limited conceptual integration of how administrative capacity shapes institutional readiness in cross-border public service delivery. Addressing this gap, this article presents a structured narrative–integrative literature review that synthesizes international peer-reviewed studies on administrative capacity, policy capacity, consular services, and migrant worker protection published in the last five years. Drawing on Administrative Capacity Theory as the core framework, complemented by Public Service Theory, Policy Implementation Theory, Street-Level Bureaucracy, and Institutional Theory, the review systematically analyzes how different dimensions of capacity configure institutional readiness in consular services. The findings reveal that institutional readiness emerges from the interaction of four interrelated dimensions: human resource capacity, organizational and procedural capacity, institutional and coordination capacity, and resource and infrastructure capacity. Rather than functioning as isolated determinants, these dimensions collectively shape how consular institutions translate formal mandates into service outcomes under conditions of transnational governance, legal pluralism, and fluctuating demand. The review further demonstrates that frontline discretion, coordination gaps, procedural rigidity, and uneven resource allocation are recurrent patterns across the literature, underscoring the dynamic and practice-based nature of administrative capacity in consular contexts. Theoretically, this article contributes to public administration scholarship by extending administrative capacity frameworks into the underexplored domain of cross-border public services and by integrating previously segmented theoretical perspectives into a coherent conceptual synthesis. By reframing consular services as institutionally embedded public service systems rather than solely diplomatic functions, the article advances understanding of institutional readiness in migrant worker protection and provides a robust analytical foundation for future empirical and comparative research in international public administration.

This research aims to examine in depth the essence of social moral values in QS. Ibrahim verses 44–47 are based on the interpretation of Buya Hamka in Tafsir Al-Azhar. This research uses a qualitative method with a library research approach and thematic interpretation analysis (maudhu'i). Primary data sources are in the form of the Qur'an and Tafsir Al-Azhar by Buya Hamka, while secondary data sources include relevant books of tafsir, books, and scientific journal articles. The data analysis technique is carried out through content analysis with the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and interpretive conclusions. The results of the study show that QS. Ibrahim verses 44–47 contain the main social moral values, including moral awareness, personal and collective responsibility, social justice, honesty, integrity, and belief in the certainty of Allah's promises (sunnatullah). Buya Hamka emphasized that tyranny, arrogance, and rejection of the truth are the main factors in the destruction of individuals and society, as shown through the stories of the previous people. These values are not only normative, but also applicable in social life. This study concludes that the internalization of the social moral values of QS. Ibrahim verses 44–47 are very important as an ethical foundation in building a just, responsible, and truth-oriented society.

The café industry has become increasingly competitive, including in the Arcamanik District of Bandung City. This study seeks to investigate the extent to which marketing intelligence capabilities influence the competitiveness of café MSMEs in the region. A descriptive and verificative research approach was employed, utilizing linear regression analysis with the assistance of SPSS version 20 software. The study population consisted of 43 café MSME entrepreneurs, selected through a saturated sampling technique, thereby including all members of the population. Data were collected through field studies—comprising questionnaires, interviews, and direct observations—as well as literature reviews to strengthenthe theoretical framework. The results demonstrate that marketing intelligence capabilities have a significant effect on competitiveness. This finding highlights the critical role of marketing intelligence in enabling café MSMEs to sustain their operations and enhance their competitive advantage. Strengthening marketing intelligence can serve as an effective strategic approach for café MSMEs to ensure business sustainability and improve competitiveness. The study suggests that future research may incorporate moderating variables such as digitalization or service quality to further explore the dynamics between marketing intelligence and competitiveness.

Administrative capacity has long been recognized as a fundamental determinant of governmental effectiveness, yet its role in executive service delivery, particularly in relation to government protocol functions, remains conceptually underdeveloped in public administration scholarship. Existing studies on administrative capacity predominantly focus on policy formulation, implementation, and citizen-facing service delivery, while research on executive governance and executive support systems often treats internal support functions in aggregate terms. As a result, the specific contribution of protocol functions—as administrative, symbolic, and coordinative mechanisms that sustain executive leadership—has been largely overlooked. Addressing this gap, this literature review examines how administrative capacity operates within executive service delivery, with a particular emphasis on government protocol functions as an integral component of executive support and governance coordination. The primary objective of this article is to synthesize and integrate dispersed theoretical and empirical insights to reconceptualize protocol functions within the broader framework of Administrative Capacity Theory. Employing a narrative–integrative literature review approach, the study systematically selected and analyzed peer-reviewed journal articles from major academic databases published within the last five years. The literature was examined through thematic analysis and conceptual synthesis, guided by Administrative Capacity Theory as the core framework and complemented by perspectives on executive service delivery, institutional capacity, street-level bureaucracy, public service professionalism, and governance coordination. The review identifies recurring patterns indicating that effective executive service delivery depends on the interaction of individual-level capacities (professional competence, discretion, and ethics), organizational-level capacities (structures, procedures, and coordination routines), and system-level capacities (institutional arrangements and governance mechanisms).

This study aims to analyze the influence of maritime competence, maritime safety management, and maritime regulations on maritime safety in Indonesia. The approach used in this literature review is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques include literature studies or reviews of relevant previous articles published between 2021 and 2026. The technique used in this literature review is Comparative Analysis. The data used in this descriptive qualitative approach comes from previous research relevant to this study and is sourced from academic online media such as Thomson Reuters Journal, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Scopus Q2-Q4 Emerald, Elsevier, Sage, Web of Science, Sinta Journal 2-5, DOAJ, EBSCO, Google Scholar, Copernicus, and digital reference books. The results of the study indicate that: 1) Maritime competence influences maritime safety in Indonesia; 2) Maritime safety management influences maritime safety in Indonesia; and 3) Maritime regulations influence maritime safety in Indonesia. The study concludes that a combined approach to enhancing maritime competence, management practices, and regulatory frameworks is critical in improving maritime safety in the region.

The café industry has become increasingly competitive, including in the Arcamanik District of Bandung City. This study seeks to investigate the extent to which marketing intelligence capabilities influence the competitiveness of café MSMEs in the region. A descriptive and verificative research approach was employed, utilizing linear regression analysis with the assistance of SPSS version 20 software. The study population consisted of 43 café MSME entrepreneurs, selected through a saturated sampling technique, thereby including all members of the population. Data were collected through field studies—comprising questionnaires, interviews, and direct observations—as well as literature reviews to strengthenthe theoretical framework. The results demonstrate that marketing intelligence capabilities have a significant effect on competitiveness. This finding highlights the critical role of marketing intelligence in enabling café MSMEs to sustain their operations and enhance their competitive advantage. Strengthening marketing intelligence can serve as an effective strategic approach for café MSMEs to ensure business sustainability and improve competitiveness. The study suggests that future research may incorporate moderating variables such as digitalization or service quality to further explore the dynamics between marketing intelligence and competitiveness.

The purpose of this study is to analyze Mohammed Ghaly's thoughts from a theological and legal perspective on disability and its implications for social inclusion. This research uses a qualitative approach based on literature studies with in-depth analysis of primary Islamic sources such as the Qur'an, hadith, and tafsir, kalam, and fiqh literature from various periods. Ghaly seeks to reveal the normative attitude of this religion towards persons with disabilities and its implications for social inclusion. The analysis utilizes contemporary disability studies to examine Ghaly's concepts in Islamic theology and law regarding the inherent nature and fundamental rights of persons with disabilities. However, he also emphasizes the need for new interpretations and contextualizations of this textual heritage based on the values of justice, inclusion, and empowerment. The findings of this study show that there is a stigma associated with disability due to the conflict between Islamic idealism and social reality. Nevertheless, the main principles and laws of Islam provide strong normative guidance for the dignity of persons with disabilities.

This study investigates the factors influencing export performance in five ASEAN countries Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand during the 2014-2023 period. The topic is highly relevant given the vital role of exports in sustaining monetary stability and promoting long-term economic growth. The novelty of this research lies in its integrated approach, which simultaneously examines key export-related macroeconomic variables, namely foreign direct investment and inflation, while incorporating foreign exchange reserves as a moderating variable an approach that remains limited in existing ASEAN-focused studies. This analysis uses secondary data obtained from the World Bank and processed using panel data regression methods, including the Common Effect Model, Fixed Effect Model, and Random Effect Model, strengthened by a Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) approach. The results show that foreign direct investment and inflation significantly influence foreign exchange reserves. Furthermore, foreign exchange reserves have been shown to play a strategic role in strengthening the economic resilience of ASEAN countries and can be used as a reference in formulating monetary and international trade policies.

This study investigates the factors influencing export performance in five ASEAN countries Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand during the 2014-2023 period. The topic is highly relevant given the vital role of exports in sustaining monetary stability and promoting long-term economic growth. The novelty of this research lies in its integrated approach, which simultaneously examines key export-related macroeconomic variables, namely foreign direct investment and inflation, while incorporating foreign exchange reserves as a moderating variable an approach that remains limited in existing ASEAN-focused studies. This analysis uses secondary data obtained from the World Bank and processed using panel data regression methods, including the Common Effect Model, Fixed Effect Model, and Random Effect Model, strengthened by a Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) approach. The results show that foreign direct investment and inflation significantly influence foreign exchange reserves. Furthermore, foreign exchange reserves have been shown to play a strategic role in strengthening the economic resilience of ASEAN countries and can be used as a reference in formulating monetary and international trade policies.

The purpose of this study is to analyze Mohammed Ghaly's thoughts from a theological and legal perspective on disability and its implications for social inclusion. This research uses a qualitative approach based on literature studies with in-depth analysis of primary Islamic sources such as the Qur'an, hadith, and tafsir, kalam, and fiqh literature from various periods. Ghaly seeks to reveal the normative attitude of this religion towards persons with disabilities and its implications for social inclusion. The analysis utilizes contemporary disability studies to examine Ghaly's concepts in Islamic theology and law regarding the inherent nature and fundamental rights of persons with disabilities. However, he also emphasizes the need for new interpretations and contextualizations of this textual heritage based on the values of justice, inclusion, and empowerment. The findings of this study show that there is a stigma associated with disability due to the conflict between Islamic idealism and social reality. Nevertheless, the main principles and laws of Islam provide strong normative guidance for the dignity of persons with disabilities.

Qanun Jinayah Aceh is a form of application of Islamic law in the regional legal system which is based on the principle of amar ma'ruf nahi munkar. This principle aims to uphold moral values ​​and prevent deviant acts in society. However, its implementation cannot be separated from containing the limits of sharia enforcement, protection of human rights, and the realization of social justice. This condition shows the need for a critical study of the application of the principles of amar ma'ruf nahi munkar in the Aceh Qanun Jinayah. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the principle of amar ma'ruf nahi munkar in the Aceh Qanun Jinayah and assess its conformity with the principles of social justice. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory, conceptual, and sociological approach, through a literature study of regulations, Islamic legal literature, and related scientific studies. The results of the study indicate that the principle of amar ma'ruf nahi munkar has become the normative basis for enforcing the Qanun Jinayah, but in practice it still faces challenges in the form of law enforcement that is not fully fair, potential discrimination, and a weak perspective on social justice. Therefore, the implementation of these principles must be proportional, contextual, and oriented toward the public interest. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of integrating the enforcement of Islamic law with the principles of social justice so that the Aceh Qanun Jinayah can be implemented fairly, humanely, and sustainably.

This meta-analytic study aims to comprehensively examine the relationship between mental health, learning capacity among health education students, and competencies in nosocomial disease risk management through cross-contextual empirical synthesis. An analysis of 47 studies involving 12,847 participants from 15 countries demonstrates a strong, statistically significant association between students' mental health and competencies in nosocomial infection prevention, as reflected by a correlation coefficient of r=0.68 (p<0.001) and a 95% confidence interval of 0.61-0.74. Students with high mental health scores (M=78.4; SD=8.2) exhibited substantially superior understanding of infection prevention protocols, namely 43% higher than the control group (M=54.7; SD=12.1; t(846)=18.42; p<0.001; d=2.31). Structural equation modeling confirmed learning capacity as a significant partial mediator (β=0.52; p<0.001), with an indirect effect reaching 35.4% and a 95% CI range of 28.6-42.1%. Mindfulness-based psychoeducational interventions were shown to enhance nosocomial risk identification abilities by 38.7% (F(2,564)=42.18; p<0.001; η²=0.41) while reducing clinical anxiety by 31.2% (t(382)=9.84; p<0.001). These findings extend the frameworks proposed by Song (2024) and Schutte et al. (2025), which primarily emphasize cognitive aspects, by demonstrating that the integration of psychological dimensions yields a multidimensional predictive model explaining 64.3% of the variance in risk management competence (R²=0.643; F(5,841)=304.76; p<0.001), surpassing conventional models that account for only 38-45% of the variance.

The computer laboratory is an essential facility in higher education that requires efficient management of usage and environmental conditions to support the teaching and learning process. However, laboratory management at the Kalimantan Business and Technology Institute is still carried out manually, including scheduling, room condition monitoring, and report creation, which is prone to errors and time-consuming. This study aims to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based laboratory monitoring system prototype to improve the effectiveness of computer laboratory management. The approach used is Research and Development (R&D) with a prototype development model, allowing for design adjustments based on user feedback iteratively. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and document studies related to laboratory conditions and analyzed to determine the main system features, such as temperature and humidity monitoring, scheduling, and report generation. The results of the study show that the developed prototype can structure the laboratory workflow, provide real-time monitoring, facilitate schedule management, and simplify report preparation. This prototype is expected to serve as a foundation for developing a more comprehensive application, improving data accuracy, time efficiency, and the quality of laboratory management.

Teenage pregnancy remains a reproductive health issue in Indonesia, including in Batam City. According to data from the Batam City Health Office in 2024, there were 18 cases of teenage pregnancy (0.06%) with the Lubuk Baja Health Center being one of the highest areas. Pregnant teenagers are at high risk of complications such as anemia, malnutrition, and low birth weight (LBW), which contribute to high rates of maternal and infant morbidity. This study used a descriptive method with a case study approach on Ny. S, an 18-year-old teenager with a pregnancy in the Lubuk Baja Health Center area of Batam City in 2025. Data collection was conducted through interviews, observations, physical examinations, and SOAP documentation following the 7-step Varney obstetric management. The findings revealed that Ny. S experienced mild complaints such as nausea, reduced appetite, and anxiety about her pregnancy. After three visits, the mother's complaints decreased, appetite improved, anxiety decreased, and nutritional status was within normal limits. Comprehensive midwifery care with a biopsychosocial approach was proven effective in improving both the physical and mental health of pregnant teenagers and preventing pregnancy complications.

This study examines Marian devotion in the Catholic Church as a form of veneration (dulia) rather than worship (latria), addressing persistent misconceptions that equate Catholic devotional practices with idolatry. The research aims to identify the forms of Marian devotion practiced by Catholics in Indonesia and to analyze the challenges encountered in living out these practices. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) guided by the PRISMA framework. Two hundred articles were initially identified through Google Scholar and screened according to relevance, recency, geographical context, and methodological criteria, resulting in four eligible studies for analysis. The findings reveal four principal forms of devotion: the use of statues as aids to prayer, pilgrimages to Marian sites, Montfort-style Marian consecration, and the rosary emphasizing praise, imitation, and prayer with Mary. These practices deepen faith and lead the faithful closer to Christ without replacing divine worship. Challenges include external religious intolerance toward devotional symbols and limited theological understanding among believers. Therefore, sound catechesis grounded in Scripture and Church Tradition is essential to ensure authentic and balanced Marian devotion.  

Insomnia is a sleep disorder frequently experienced by college students and can negatively impact health and cognitive function, particularly concentration in studies. Prolonged sleep disturbances lead to fatigue, decreased attention, and decreased academic performance. Therefore, this study is important to determine the relationship between insomnia and concentration levels in college students. This type of research is descriptive quantitative using a cross-sectional approach with 100 respondents. Data collection used a questionnaire. Data analysis test used Spearman Rho. The results of univariate analysis, the most insomnia is mild insomnia as many as 53 students with a percentage (53%). The most students with a moderate level of learning concentration are 67 students with a percentage (67%). The most data respondents with female gender as many as 84 with a percentage (84%). The age of the most respondents is 20 years as many as 57 students with a percentage (57%). The results of bivariate analysis with Spearman rho obtained significant results between insomnia and the level of learning concentration of 0.000, the value is <0.005 with a moderate relationship as evidenced by the r value of 0.469. There is a relationship between insomnia and learning concentration levels.

Hypertension is a major non-communicable disease burden in rural Acehnese communities. Family support plays a critical role in long-term blood pressure control; however, the lived experiences of families caring for hypertensive members in Posbindu PTM settings remain underexplored. This study aimed to explore the meaning and forms of family role and social support in hypertension management among Posbindu PTM participants in Meunasah Timu Village, Aceh. Methods: A descriptive phenomenological design using Colaizzi's method was employed. Twelve family members of hypertensive patients were recruited purposively from Posbindu PTM, Desa Meunasah Timu. In-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted until data saturation. Trustworthiness was ensured through member checking, peer debriefing, and audit trail. Results: Three themes emerged: (1) Emotional and instrumental family support as a cornerstone of hypertension control; (2) Cultural and religious values as mediators of caregiving behavior; and (3) Barriers to consistent family involvement including knowledge deficits and caregiving fatigue. Conclusion: Family support is multidimensional and culturally embedded in hypertension management. Community health nurses and Posbindu PTM programs should integrate family-centered interventions that address knowledge gaps and caregiver well-being to optimize blood pressure control outcomes.

This study focuses on an in-depth analysis of how digital marketing strategies influence the decisions of residents of Mencirim Village, East Binjai District in purchasing health products. The scope of digital marketing studied includes social media platforms, the effectiveness of online advertising, the depth of marketing content, and the role of electronic reviews or electronic word of mouth (e-WOM). Using a quantitative approach with a survey method, this study involved 100 respondents selected through a purposive sampling technique. The main criteria for respondents were residents aged at least 17 years who had actively transacted health products digitally in the last three months. Data were collected through a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire and processed using multiple linear regression analysis with the help of IBM SPSS Statistics 26. The research findings revealed that partially, social media (β = 0.312), online advertising (β = 0.287), marketing content (β = 0.241), and e-WOM (β = 0.198) had a positive and significant influence on consumer purchasing decisions (p < 0.05). Collectively, the integration of these four variables explains 68.4% (R² = 0.684) of the dynamics of local purchasing decisions.

Digital transformation of government through the implementation of e-government has become a strategic agenda in bureaucratic reform in Indonesia. Local governments play a crucial role as a bridge between national policies and village governance practices. This article analyzes the implementation of e-government by the Batang Regency Government in support of village governance. This research uses a qualitative approach and a policy analysis method, based on literature reviews and official documents, including regional regulations, SPBE policies, and relevant institutional reports. The analysis was conducted using a theoretical framework of public policy implementation and the principles of good governance. The analysis results indicate that the Batang Regency Government has a relatively adequate e-government regulatory and institutional framework, but its implementation at the village level still faces challenges, including gaps in apparatus capacity, variations in village digital readiness, and suboptimal cross-organizational coordination. This article concludes that strengthening the role of local governments as facilitators, coaches, and coordinators of digital policies is key to the successful implementation of village e-government. These findings provide theoretical contributions to e-government studies and policy implementation, as well as practical implications for formulating local government digital policies.