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Indonesia is a country that has diversity in it. Starting from the diversity of ethnicities, languages, cultures to traditional arts which of course are unique characteristics of the country of Indonesia. One of the arts owned by Indonesia is Batik. Batik as a work of art has become a richness of Indonesian culture which is admired by the general public, both the Indonesian people themselves and the world community, but behind it all, batik is a form of traditional Indonesian art that requires maintenance, preservation and protection so that it can be enjoyed. by the next generation. This is so because batik is one of Indonesia's cultural products that is vulnerable to becoming a victim of recognition from other countries. There are quite a few phenomena that occur where batik is actually recognized or claimed by neighboring countries, such as Malaysia. This research was conducted to determine the chronology of Batik recognized by Malaysia, in addition to knowing the resolution efforts made by the government in terms of protecting Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) as Batik in Indonesia from the perspective of International Civil Law.

The Criminal Code is a body of laws that precisely governs how people behave in order to foster national development and alignment with state objectives, particularly for the Indonesian populace. One of the many tribes, nations, races, faiths, and civilizations that make up Indonesia is that it maintains the diversity of religious views among its citizens. There are believers of their own faiths in different parts of Indonesia, however the religions included in Presidential Determination Number 1 of 1965 are Islam, Christianity, Catholicism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. The existence of Law Number 1 of 2023 is controversial because there is legal ambiguity regarding the form and basis of sanctions against perpetrators of religious blasphemy or beliefs. As a result, their rights have not yet been granted and there is no basis for legal regulations. The study's objective is to ascertain the criminal penalties that, under Law Number 1 of 2023, are meted out to those who commit acts of religious blasphemy as well as the legal foundations for those who do so. It is possible to determine the types of criminal penalties that are given to offenders of religious blasphemy under Law Number 1 of 2023 by using a normative juridical approach.

In facing the complexity of globalization, Indonesia as a country rich in cultural diversity and traditions faces challenges in maintaining its national identity. Cultural diplomacy is identified as a crucial instrument in enhancing national resilience through mutual understanding, respect for diversity, and strengthening national identity. This article discusses the diplomatic role of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in managing cultural differences and describes how cultural diplomacy is a vital element in national defense, in accordance with Law Number 3 of 2002 concerning national defense. The case study of cooperation between Indonesia and South Korea through the Hallyu phenomenon illustrates the impact of cultural diplomacy on the economy, politics and society. This research uses normative juridical research methods or also called library research. The data collection is done secondarily, involving primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, such as laws, books, journals, and related articles. The results show that in the midst of global cultural changes, cultural diplomacy is also faced with challenges, including multidimensional threats involving physical and non-physical aspects. Therefore, the integration of cultural diplomacy in national security policy is essential to maintain cultural diversity and national identity.

The cassava cultivation agricultural sector in North Sumatra is vulnerable to attacks by plant pests, resulting in a decrease in production. One of the pests that are directly related to cassava cultivation is weeds with all their types, impacts, and biology. Therefore, identification measures are needed. This research aims to identify weed diversity by knowing the weed species and dominant weed species. Research on identifying weeds in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Glugur Rimbun, Sampecita Village, Kutalimbaru District, Deli Serdang Regency aims to determine the types of weeds, density, dominance index, and species diversity index. This research was conducted from June to August 2023 using qualitative and quantitative methods. Weed sampling used a random quadrat method, 50 samples with a plot size of 2 m x 2 m. The results of the analysis of weed vegetation on cassava cultivation land in Glugur Rimbun showed that there were 10 types of weeds from 5 families, namely the types of weeds included in the broad-leaf weed group, there were 5 species, namely Asystasia gangeticum, Amaranthus spinosus, Ageratum conyzoides, Chromolaena odorata, Mimosa pudica. Other types of weeds that were found were grass weeds, namely Axonopus compressus, Eleusin indica, Ottochloa nodosa, Cynodon dactilon, Paspalum conjugatum. The types of weeds that dominate the Glugur Rimbun cassava fields are Eleusin indica (SDR 20.88%), Cynodon dactilon (SDR 17.96%), Asystasia gingaticum (SDR 14.06%), Ottochloa nodosa (SDR 13.90%).

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pressing fish waste flour in the Christmas II market on protein, fat, and energy content. The research method used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD), which consisted of 4 treatments and 5 replications. The following were performed: P0: Fish waste flour from poultry; P1: Fish waste flour is dried under the sun; P2: Fish waste flour is pressed and dried in the sun; P3: Fish waste flour is pressed in the oven with a temperature of 400C. The research parameters are the content of crude protein, crude fat, and gross energy. The results of this study showed that the effect of pressing fish waste flour on the II Natal market showed that the highest crude protein content was in the P0 treatment (fish waste flour from poultry); Crude fat and gross energy were highest in treatment P1 (fish waste flour dried under the sun). The results of analysis of crude protein in samples of fish meal treatment, it was found that the one with the highest crude protein content was treatment P0 (fish waste flour from poultry) which was 53.07% then treatment P2 (pressed fish waste flour dried under the sun) with an average 43.31% and P3 (pressed fish waste flour in the oven with a temperature of 400C) of 42.66% and the one with the lowest crude protein content was 41.81%, namely treatment P1 (waste fish flour dried under the sun). The lowest percentage of crude fat content was found in treatment P0 (fish waste flour from poultry) which was 0.16% and the highest was in treatment P1 (dried fish waste flour in the sun) which was 2.93% and the highest gross energy was 2,852.46 cal /100g in treatment P1 (fish waste flour drying under the sun), and the lowest was 2,252.63 cal/100g in treatment P0 (fish waste flour from poultry). The results of the analysis of variance for the content of crude protein, crude fat, and gross energy content showed very significant differences (P<0.01) in this study. The results of the test of variance which were very significantly different were then tested further using the honest significant difference (BNJ) follow-up test according to the respective coefficient of diversity.

Education in the Netherlands is the responsibility of the government and is managed by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science. The Dutch education system is renowned for its holistic approach, which focuses on overall student development and encourages creativity and critical thinking. Education in the Netherlands is renowned for its comprehensive and progressive system. This education system covers primary, secondary and higher education levels, emphasizes school autonomy, gives teachers the freedom to design learning activities and includes students with diverse needs. The Netherlands also offers many English language study programs at universities, attracting international students. The Dutch education system also emphasizes gender equality and supports diversity in education.    

Based on the research results, it can be concluded that (1) Implementation of Classroom Management in Improving the Effectiveness of Student Learning in Class IV SD Negeri 0119 Banjar Raja has taken place effectively, and can increase the effectiveness of student learning. It can be known based on the teacher's strategy in preparing various things needed for the teaching and learning process, for example teaching media, learning tools, and preparation of lesson plans. Besides that, the teacher's strategy for opening lessons is by giving encouragement to their students' learning enthusiasm. (2) Factors supporting and inhibiting the implementation of classroom management in increasing the effectiveness of student learning in class IV SD Negeri 0119 Banjar Raja. These supporting elements include adequate infrastructure, qualified homeroom teachers and experts in their profession, strategic location, safe, surrounding environment clean classrooms, and the interaction of the homeroom teacher with the surrounding environment. The obstacle is the diversity of students' characteristics, such as the presence of students who fight, do not carry out pickets.    

In this research, we will present a culinary dish in the form of "Fried Rice" which is so well known that it can be used as a teaching material for foreign students in the United States, especially at Yale University. The method used in this research is qualitative research. This method is used to describe students' responses after trying traditional culinary delights, namely fried rice. The BIPA teaching materials created can be adapted to students' ability to speak Indonesian. In the first lesson, the teacher can provide teaching materials using simple language, language that is easy for students to understand. After students can use simple Indonesian, then students will be given teaching materials in a rather complicated language and then teaching materials in a more complex language. In the research "Nasi Goreng" is an excellent choice because of its popularity in Indonesia, as well as the diversity of ways of making it which can reflect Indonesia's diverse culture.

Maritime tourism in the Thousand Islands has become a significant component in the advancement of Indonesian tourism. The Thousand Islands offer great potential as a maritime tourist destination due to its coral reef ecosystems, marine biodiversity, and beautiful beaches. However, the development of maritime tourism in this region faces various challenges, including coral damage, marine pollution, and issues related to island accessibility. Other challenges encompass security, transportation, and regulations pertaining to tourism development. This study employs a qualitative approach and literature review techniques to delineate the potential and challenges of maritime tourism. The research findings highlight development strategies, including environmental preservation, improved accessibility, and collaboration among the government, stakeholders, and local communities. This research provides insights into the potential and challenges of maritime tourism in the Thousand Islands, serving as a guide for decision-makers in fostering sustainable tourism development in the region. With this profound understanding, it is hoped that development strategies can sustain the allure of tourism in the Thousand Islands while preserving the environment and enhancing the well-being of local communities.

The purpose of this research is to measure the performance of 12th grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Ciruas in the subject of biodiversity and to assess the 12th grade students ability to solve problems through environmentally based learning activities. The research procedure involves using pre-tests and post-tests. The pre-test is used to determine the students initial abilities. The post-test is conducted to assess the students problem solving abilities after learning through Problem Based Learning using Student Discussion Sheets (LKPD). Student performance data, obtained from answering Student Discussion Sheets (LKPD), is analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. Scores obtained from all assessed aspects are then converted to determine the groups assessment criteria. The problem solving abilities of 12th grade students at SMA Negeri Ciruas fall into the "Good" category, and there is an improvement in scores between the pre-test and post-test evaluations.    

This research aims to explore the influence of two types of text, namely academic and non-academic, on student understanding in the learning context. Involving Medan State University (UNIMED) students, this research used a Google Form questionnaire as a data collection tool. The research results show that the use of non-academic texts can increase student interest and involvement, while the combination of academic and non-academic texts is considered effective for broadening insight and understanding of learning material. The conclusions of this study highlight the importance of flexibility in learning approaches, emphasizing that a diversity of text types is key to achieving effective education.

As a country with a lot of diversity, Indonesia has a number of problems related to diversity. One effort to overcome this diversity conflict can be resolved with one thing, namely an awareness of tolerance. One form of problem that often arises is the issue of religious differences. This also happens among students majoring in nutrition. Therefore, there needs to be further discussion regarding the awareness of tolerance in accordance with the values contained in Pancasila. Activities to increase awareness of Pancasila values to form a tolerant attitude in nutrition students are carried out not only in Pancasila education courses but are carried out continuously and continuously every semester with the hope that every academic is required to implement them. The impact of implementing Pancasila values in students majoring in nutrition as an effort to realize an attitude of tolerance has a positive impact, namely increasing the feeling and attitude of caring for friends and neighbors who need it, creating an attitude of togetherness in every action that can be seen in places such as discussion groups, places. worship, organizational places, classrooms and others where students mix with each other and do not differentiate between religion, ethnicity, language  

The purpose of this observation is to invite factors that are influenced by loyalty. Literature Survey Marketing management. The method of writing this research paper is quantitative method and the research sample is residents around Pujon District, Malang Regency.  Organizational culture affects management loyalty. Basically, this cooperative aims to improve the management of members and society as a whole. Although cooperatives do not prioritize profits, cooperative efforts can maintain their survival and increase their business continuity. The first goal of the establishment of cooperatives is to motivate the national economy to ensure the welfare of its members and has expanded the establishment of cooperatives to date. To help its members, cooperatives must improve their operations. This study also uses a questionnaire method that must be filled in at least 100 respondents of KUD members. The form must be filled in on the website that has been done by the cooperative on behalf of the village unit cooperative.

Marriages across religious organizations reflect the complexity of social and cultural dynamics in contemporary society. This article examines the challenges and adaptation strategies of couples in such marriages. With a focus on understanding, compromise, social support and family identity, the research highlights the central role of society and religious communities to shape family well-being. The analysis also shows that acceptance of religious differences, open communication and constructive conflict management are key aspects to building healthy relationships. The results of this study provide valuable insights for couples across religious organizations, family guidance practitioners, and religious community leaders to understand the dynamics of such marriages and strengthen efforts to support family well-being within the framework of religious diversity.

Literature studies can examine the effect of gamma radiation on physiological aspects of soybean plants. Gamma radiation is known to impact genetic diversity, growth, morphology, seed size, weight and protein content of soybean plants. The aim of this literature study is to examine the effects of providing gamma rays on the physiology of soybean plants (Glycine max (L) Merrill). The method used is literature or literature study where the author uses several pieces of literature as references in the journal he created. Some studies show that gamma radiation can cause a decrease in the ability of soybean plants to survive and can cause slower growth. However, other research also shows that gamma radiation can be used to induce genetic mutations that have an impact on the physiology of soybean plants. The discussion topics taken range from the process of gamma radiation inducing genetic mutations in soybean plants, analysis of mutations that occur in soybean growth, the effect of gamma ray radiation on plant growth, and the effect of gamma radiation mutations on physiological parameters: photosynthesis of soybean plants.  

Invasive plants are plants that can reproduce quickly and can pose a threat to biodiversity. An inventory was carried out to determine the types of invasive plants in the Cipadung Permai complex, Cibiru District, Bandung City. Inventory was carried out using a purposive sampling method combined with area exploration. Recording and identification based on relevant sources is carried out. From the results of observations, 14 species from 12 different families were found. Some of the invasive plants found were used by residents as ornamental plants.

This research aims to determine the influence of the variables price (X1), location (X2), product diversity (X3) on purchasing decisions (Y) for Batik Products at CV Ningrat Prasojo Kediri. This type of research is quantitative research. The data collection techniques used are primary data and secondary data. The sample selection used the accidental sampling method, the number of samples in the research was 95 respondents at CV Ningrat Prasojo Kediri. This research data was obtained through questionnaires, interviews and literature studies. The analysis techniques used are Validity Test, Reliability Test, Classical Assumption Test, Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, T Test, F Test and Coefficient of Determination Test. The results of the research obtained the multiple linear regression equation Y= -2.240 + 0.193X1 + 0.206X2 + 0.425X3 and the t test results of the price variable had a partially significant effect on purchasing decisions with a sig result of 0.025 < 0.05. Location has a partially significant effect on purchasing decisions, with a sig. 0.011 > 0.05. Product diversity has a partially significant effect on purchasing decisions, with the result being a sig. 0.000 > 0.05. Service quality has a partially significant effect on purchasing decisions, with a sig. 0.000 > 0.05. The F test results obtained Fcount results with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. From the results of the analysis it can be concluded that price, location, product diversity and service quality simultaneously and significantly influence purchasing decisions at CV Ningrat Prasojo.

This article aims to discuss in detail the importance of language education in building a cultured character at the PGRI 9 SIDOARJO Junior High School level. Language education has a very important role in shaping the character of students, especially during adolescence which is a crucial period in the formation of their personality. Language education at Junior High School PGRI 9 SIDOARJO provides opportunities for students to develop language skills, both in speaking, writing, reading and listening. Students learn grammar, vocabulary, and language skills needed in everyday life. Language education is also important in building a cultured character. Students are exposed to literary works that represent diverse cultural values, develop empathy, tolerance and understanding of cultural diversity. Language education teaches good communication ethics, respect for the opinions of others, courtesy, and honesty. Students learn to respect and understand the perspectives of others and communicate effectively by taking into account social and cultural contexts. Good language skills open doors for students to acquire new knowledge and access broader information. Language education provides a strong foundation for students in studying other subjects, developing interests and talents, and facing challenges in an increasingly global world of work. This article emphasizes the importance of language education in building cultured character at Junior High School PGRI 9 SIDOARJO. Language education improves language skills, understands culture, and develops inclusive, empathetic, and communicative characters

Mekarmulya Village Park, Cinambo District, Bandung City is a park in the middle of the city and industry. This area is designed to provide green open space in the midst of urban density, so it plays an important role in improving the quality of life in the environment. This research aims to conduct a diversity study and risk analysis of invasive plants in the Mekarmulya Village Park area. Sampling was carried out by roaming throughout the park area. Data processing is carried out qualitatively and is descriptive. The research results showed that the invasive plants found consisted of 11 families, 16 genera, and 16 spesies with the dominant family being the Poaceae family (25%) and the co-dominant family being the Asteraceae family (18.75%). Various habits were obtained consisting of seedlings, saplings and poles, with the largest habitus being the seedling habitus. These invasive plants have an risk on biodiversity and the ecosystem around the park.

This research aims to explain and prove the hypothesis regarding whether there is an influence of product diversity, price and location on purchasing interest at the Tempurejo Kresek market, Kediri City. This research uses descriptive research with quantitative methods with a sampling technique, namely non-probability sampling with an accidental sampling method with a population of 210 consumers and a sample size of 138 respondents. The analysis techniques used are validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression test, t test (partial), F test (simultaneous) and coefficient of determination (R2) which were processed using the SPSS version 25 program. The research results obtained are: states that product diversity partially has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, obtaining a significant t value of 0.012 <0.05. Price partially has a positive and significant effect on buying interest, obtaining a significant t value of 0.000 < 0.05. Location partially has a positive and significant effect on buying interest, with a significant t value of 0.026 <0.05. Product diversity, price and location simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on buying interest in the Tempurejo Kresek market, Kediri City, looking at the significant F value of 0.000 < 0.05.