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In everyday life, three-dimensional shapes are ubiquitous, manifesting in structures such as houses, bottles, and vehicles. These shapes, characterized by length, width, and height, represent the application of functions of two variables, particularly within spatial domains. This research employs Python programming to model functions of two variables, specifically focusing on spatial surfaces. Leveraging the Matplotlib module, graphical representations of these functions are generated, while the NumPy module facilitates mathematical analyses, including identifying extremal values, critical points, and tangent lines. Results demonstrate the efficacy of Python in efficiently modeling functions of two variables. Through this approach, readers gain insights into the inherent characteristics and behaviors of such functions within spatial contexts, thereby simplifying mathematical analyses and enhancing comprehension.

The use of technology has become the main key in increasing efficiency in the oil and gas marketing and trading industry. This research investigates the implementation of Pancasila values ​​in the context of acculturation of technological innovation to increase efficiency in oil and gas marketing and trading activities in Indonesia. Through literature analysis, this research identifies Pancasila values ​​as a moral and ethical foundation that can guide positive transformation in business practices. This research also explores how technological innovations, such as digitalization and automation, can be combined with Pancasila values ​​to create a more efficient and sustainable system in the oil and gas industry. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide a better understanding of how technology influences efficiency in oil and gas marketing and trading, as well as provide useful recommendations for the oil and gas industry to utilize technology in accordance with the reference value of "Social Justice for All Indonesian People" in order to create fair distribution. and equitable distribution of oil and gas resources for the benefit of all Indonesian people. In this context, implementing the 5th principle means ensuring that the economic and social benefits of the oil and gas industry are not only enjoyed by a few people or regions, but are distributed fairly to all levels of society. This could include sharing income from oil and gas activities, environmental protection, and creation equal employment opportunities.

The use of technology in the learning process can have a positive impact on the student's understanding process, but it also certainly has obstacles. Therefore,  it is necessary to explore how students view the use of technology in learning so that learning can be adjusted to their wishes. To find out, this study uses interview methods and data analysis using descriptive and qualitative methods. The results show that most students have a positive view of the integration of technology in learning and learning activities. Technology is considered to make it easier for students to find the material they want to learn and also make learning more efficient and interesting. Even so, students feel challenged and feel that with the existence of technology, there will be a gap between students that causes disparity and in limitations to technology ownership or internet access. In addition, students' preferences regarding the technology used vary greatly; some students prefer the use of technology in learning, such as videos or other interactive media.

To effectively comprehend human actions, we have developed a Deep Neural Network (DNN) that utilizes inner spatiotemporal non-locality to capture meaningful semantic context for efficient action identification. This work introduces the Top-Heavy CapsNet as a novel approach for video analysis, incorporating a 3D Convolutional Neural Network (3DCNN) to apply the thematic actions of local classifiers for effective classification based on motion from the spatiotemporal context in videos. This DNN comprises multiple layers, including 3D Convolutional Neural Network (3DCNN), Spatial Depth-Based Non-Local (SBN) layer, and Deep Capsule (DCapsNet). Firstly, the 3DCNN extracts structured and semantic information from RGB and optical flow streams. Secondly, the SBN layer processes feature blocks with spatial depth to emphasize visually advantageous cues, potentially aiding in action differentiation. Finally, DCapsNet is more effective in exploiting vectorized prominent features to represent objects and various action features for the ultimate label determination. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed DNN achieves an average accuracy of 97.6%, surpassing conventional DNNs on the traffic police dataset. Furthermore, the proposed DNN attains average accuracies of 98.3% and 80.7% on the UCF101 and HMDB51 datasets, respectively. This underscores the applicability of the proposed DNN for effectively recognizing diverse actions performed by subjects in videos.

Strategic management is an analysis, decisions and actions taken by an organization to create and maintain a competitive advantage. This research method uses literature review research conducted by collecting and analyzing related literature from international and national sources in the form of books, journals, and articles. Based on this research, the application of strategic management science in educational institutions can face various challenges due to continuous change and competition and produce educational products (outputs) that are able to display high performance. The purpose of this research is to conduct an analysis related to the understanding and implementation of strategic management in creating a competitive advantage in the field of education, this research also aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the concept of strategic management and how its application can help educational institutions face the challenges of globalization and improve the quality of education. This research also highlights the urgency of implementing strategic management in educational institutions, given the challenges faced due to globalization and increasingly fierce competition. Strategic management is considered the key to creating a competitive advantage for educational institutions, enabling them to control their schools effectively and efficiently and produce superior quality graduates.

 Indonesia has quite rapid development of the retail business. This requires actors who have retail businesses to be involved in consumer purchasing decisions. There are several factors that influence consumer purchasing decisions, one of which is a good and strategic layout of facilities. Cahaya Abadi is a shop that runs a retail business. Cahaya Abadi Store provides various products for daily consumer needs. This research was conducted using the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) method and Total Closeness Rating (TCR) calculations in data processing. The research uses the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) method and Total Closeness Rating (TCR) calculations. This research uses primary and secondary data and the methods used are qualitative and quantitative methods. The layout is based on providing convenience for consumers in shopping and it is hoped that consumers will have an efficient and effective time in shopping.

As time goes by, human life requires effective and efficient spiritual practices.   In Christ's teachings, love is the main value that must be applied in social relationships. This love includes understanding, empathy, and concern for others. Christ also taught the importance of forgiveness, both giving and receiving forgiveness, to repair broken relationships. Apart from that, the value of loyalty is also emphasized in Christ's teachings. This loyalty involves a commitment to mutual support and maintaining strong relationships. Christ also taught the importance of brotherhood, where all people are considered brothers and sisters in the faith, regardless of social or cultural differences. Social justice is also an important part of Christ's teachings. Christ taught us to be fair in treating others and to give equal rights to all people, regardless of their background or social status.

One of the characteristics of the oil and gas sector, especially drilling activities, is High Cost, namely high operational costs. Therefore, efficient and effective use of time is necessary to reduce operational costs. Evaluation of the influence of ILT and NPT on drilling activities was carried out to find the factors that made drilling time so long. Identifying KPIs for each activity is necessary to find out what activities can be optimized. From the analysis results it was found that the Invisible Lost Time value was 33.12% (198.75 hours) and Non-Productive Time was 18.37% (110.25 hours) caused by less than optimal performance and equipment failure. The author believes that the factors causing the relatively high ILT and NPT can still be optimized so that the costs required during drilling activities are in accordance with the desired planning.    

Pamijahan District in Bogor Regency, West Java, is known as one of the main sources of milk supply for dairy cows in the region. Dairy cow's milk is a product that has high and stable demand and selling value. Supply Chain Management (SCM) at Sapi Juara Farm in Pamijahan District involves the distribution of dairy cow's milk which includes product flow, information and finance. This study aims to understand the SCM of dairy milk at Sapi Juara Farm, including product flow, information and finance, as well as efficiency as measured through marketing margin and farmer's share. This research uses quantitative descriptive methods with primary data obtained from interviews. The results of the analysis show that there is a flow of dairy milk products, a flow of information from farmers to various actors in the supply chain, and a flow of funds that includes costs and profits from nine distribution channels that influence the performance of the supply chain based on the payment system. From the analysis of the profit share value, it can be seen that the SCM for dairy cow milk in Pamijahan District is running efficiently. It is hoped that SCM in Pamijahan District can be more efficient to avoid losses at each stage or link in the chain and stabilize milk prices in the market, while improving the welfare of farmers, especially at Sapi Juara Farm.

The development of digital technology has significantly changed the work paradigm, creating a work environment that is not bound by geographical boundaries through the utilization of cloud platforms, online collaboration tools, and advanced digital communications. This transformation increases productivity and enables collaboration between employees, even if they work in different locations. However, these changes also bring new challenges related to employee well-being. One of the main issues is stress due to the blurring of working time boundaries, with employees often struggling to distinguish between work and personal time. In addition, there is an increased risk of physical injury due to the use of non-ergonomic digital devices, including injuries from improper keyboard and mouse use. To overcome these challenges, companies must implement ergonomic office equipment to support the physical and mental health of their employees. Modern technology, including artificial intelligence (AI), plays an important role in selecting and customizing ergonomic office equipment to the individual needs of employees. AI analyzes equipment usage and posture data and recommends adjustments to prevent injuries and improve work comfort. The purpose of this study is to discuss the importance of office technology and ergonomics in improving employee productivity and well-being. By integrating advanced technology and ergonomic principles, companies can create a more comfortable and healthy work environment. This not only increases productivity, but also improves job satisfaction, creativity and employee retention. An ergonomic work environment reduces stress and fatigue, allowing employees to work more effectively and efficiently. The research method used in this study is a literature review that collects and analyzes information from various sources regarding office technology, ergonomics, and their impact on work productivity. The study found that the use of ergonomics-enabled technology in the workplace significantly increases employee happiness. Companies that invest in ergonomic technology and equipment can create a sustainable competitive advantage through a healthier and more productive workforce. This study shows that a balance between technology and ergonomics is key to creating a productive and sustainable work environment.

This research focuses on investigating how collaborative culture and work environment affect employee performance at BRIN Organization, particularly in the IT division. Using a qualitative approach, this research combines in-depth observations and interviews with IT employees to comprehensively understand the dynamics of work culture and the physical environment in which they work. The results confirmed that a collaborative culture, characterized by open communication, trust, and a focus on shared goals, plays a major role in improving IT employee performance. Findings show that when teams feel supported and empowered to collaborate, they tend to be more productive and efficient in carrying out their tasks. However, the work environment also plays an important role in supporting employee performance. While there are still some challenges such as lighting issues, a conducive work environment, with a comfortable atmosphere and minimal distractions, has been shown to contribute to employee comfort and focus as well as performance. This suggests that investing in improvements to the physical environment of the office can have a significant positive impact on the well-being and performance of IT employees there. Overall, the results of this study highlight the importance of a collaborative work culture and a conducive work environment in creating favorable conditions for employees to achieve optimal performance. By reinforcing a positive work culture and improving aspects of a supportive work environment, the BRIN Organization can create a work environment that allows employees to thrive and contribute to their full potential.

In an era of globalization that has a significant impact on industry and commerce, trademark rights disputes are a crucial issue that needs serious attention. One trademark rights dispute that has attracted attention is the case of "Supreme," which is the focus of this study by detailing the Review Decision Number 37 PK/PDT. SUS-HKI/2023. This dispute involves companies with the trademark "Supreme," and its resolution has an important impact on trademark law in Indonesia. This research aims to dig deeper into the resolution of trademark rights disputes through these case studies. Analysis of court decisions, judges' considerations, and the legal basis used will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the trademark dispute resolution mechanism in Indonesia. Through this search, it is expected to find significant contributions to the development of trademark rights regulations and dispute resolution at the national level. This research uses normative juridical method with statutes approach, conceptual approach and case approach. The result of this research is that the trademark dispute resolution process in Indonesia follows predetermined legal steps, starting from filing a lawsuit in the District Court, continuing with the cassation process in the Supreme Court, and can reach the review stage in the Supreme Court if necessary. This approach reflects Indonesia's seriousness in handling brand disputes fairly and efficiently. The study also emphasizes the importance of good faith in the trademark registration process.

This research uses a systematic literature review method with the PRISMA model to examine the sources and types of education financing in Indonesia. Data was obtained through a literature study, by analysing 25 journal articles from 2013-2023 that were relevant to the subject matter. Of the 25 articles, 12 were identified as relevant, which were then re-analysed. The results of the analysis showed that there were 10 articles that discussed the sources and types of education financing in Indonesia with a focus on the efficiency of education fund management, while 2 articles were considered less relevant because they talked about the basic concepts of financing and financing planning. The discussion in this study is about the definition and concept of education financing, legal basis, types of financing, and sources of financing such as government funds, community donations, and parental contributions. The education financing cycle includes planning, accounting and evaluation to ensure the effective and efficient use of financial resources. This research provides an in-depth understanding of education financing in Indonesia, highlighting the important roles of government, communities and educational institutions in providing funds to support the sustainability and quality of education

Effective and efficient workshop management is a crucial element in the shipbuilding industry to ensure smooth production processes and quality final results. In an effort to increase efficiency and productivity, this research optimizes workshop management from equipment to monitoring project work on this system. Especially in the HO (Hull Outfitting) system at PT. PAL INDONESIA. The case study method was used to collect data from field observations, interviews with relevant personnel and analysis of documentation related to application implementation. This application facilitates more detailed real-time monitoring of workshop activities, allowing managers to quickly identify and resolve operational problems and take necessary corrective actions. The use of this application also aims to improve equipment and material management with more efficient scheduling and better integration between various departments. Implementing the HO (Hull Outfitting) system in applications also provides additional benefits, such as more integrated and comprehensive project management, better monitoring of the condition of workshop equipment, and reduced risk of errors and delays. With a web-based application, the equipment calibration and maintenance process is more structured, transparent and responsive to changes. These findings underline the importance of information technology in supporting the optimization of workshop management and increasing productivity in the shipbuilding industry.

Digital transformation has become an important paradigm shift in the management of office documents and information in the modern era. This article discusses the application of the latest technology in the management of office documents and information, specifically in the company PT Victory Prima Abadi. Through this case study, we will see how the company explores the potential of digital technology to improve efficiency and productivity in their operations. By integrating various technology solutions such as financial program applications, a digital attendance system, and the use of Microsoft Excel for document management, the company has made strides towards more efficient document management. However, challenges remain, especially in dealing with the aspect of archive storage that still relies on manual methods. This article aims to explore the company's efforts in utilizing analytics and artificial intelligence technologies to improve efficiency in the archive shrinkage process and identification of documents that require long-term storage. The results show that the utilization of digital technology in document and office information management has had a significant positive impact and has become a key element in the company's strategy to achieve future operational success. By continuing to develop and implement appropriate technology solutions, companies can further optimize document and information management and prepare for the challenges and opportunities of an increasingly connected and rapidly changing business world.

The presence of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has revolutionized efforts to protect data in offices. The challenges organizations face in maintaining information security are becoming increasingly complex as technology advances, but the benefits of AI provide an effective solution to optimize information security. In this summary, we discuss the challenges and benefits of AI in office data protection, focusing on enhancing information security.The first challenge is the increasing complexity of cyber attacks. Attackers are constantly looking for new vulnerabilities and using more sophisticated attack techniques to breach security systems. Adequate data protection is needed to address this challenge and prevent unauthorized access to critical company information. Additionally, a lack of knowledge about managing and monitoring security systems is a major challenge for many businesses.However, the use of AI to protect office data offers several advantages. First, AI's ability to quickly and accurately detect security threats aids in early detection of cyber attacks. Predictive analysis supported by AI can also detect dangerous patterns and prevent attacks before they occur. Furthermore, using AI to automate security processes can optimize operational efficiency and accountability for events that occur. AI-based security can significantly reduce the risk of data breaches and cyber attacks.The use of AI technology in office data protection is not only a supportive tool but also an innovative and efficient solution to address increasingly complex challenges in information security. We hope this overview provides a deeper understanding of the challenges and benefits of AI in protecting office data, as well as efforts to optimize information security in this digital era.  

Fresh water is a basic need of the ship's crew in supporting the creation of smooth ship operating activities, therefore it is also necessary to have an auxiliary aircraft that can produce its own fresh water on board to reduce ship operating costs, which is called the Fresh Water Generator (FWG).  FWG is an auxiliary aircraft that can convert seawater into fresh water by evaporation and condensation processes. Therefore, it is necessary to have a tool to monitor the performance of the fresh water generator. The purpose of this research is none other than to monitor temperature conditions, water TDS, and conditions on the input and output streams of the fresh water generator evaporator filter to be more optimal and efficient and to determine the reliability of the fresh water generator performance equipment system using a long distance in order to create better and higher quality fresh water production on board. This research uses a prototyping method system. After designing and testing the tool monitoring system for the performance of fresh water generators using Arduino mega 2560 based on LoRa Ra-02, this system is one of the new technologies that can monitor the performance of fresh water generators to be more efficient and reliable. Then the readings of all sensors can work properly with an average percentage error on the Max 6675 temperature sensor of 0.58%, pressure transmiter sensor 1 of 2.04%, pressure transmiter sensor 2 of 2.04%, and TDS  sensor of 1,70% and the distance to communication between the receiver and transceiver reaches a range of 200 meters without obstacles and 97 meters through obstacles around.

The aim of this research is to determine the implementation of the financial inclusion system through digital payments as well as the role and contribution of the Finpay application in the company's wood sales operations. This type of research is descriptive research which uses two data sources, namely, primary data by collecting data by conducting direct and indirect interviews by supervisors and secondary data by using literature as a reference in the discussion. The data source for this research was obtained by data collection methods, using interview methods and documentation methods. The research results show that the existence of Finpay and TokoPerhutani can help companies to run more efficiently than having to do it by auction and cash payments. Finpay's role in the sales and transaction process in the company has had a positive and significant impact on the company's operations so that the company can rely on Finpay as a careful monitor of every transaction and sale made by customers.

Community Service in English means community service, which is an activity of helping the community in the form of several activities without expecting any form of reward. Community service is one of the pillars of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education, namely: education, research and community service. Universities not only carry out education for their students, but also carry out research and develop innovation, as well as preserve and develop superior knowledge that is beneficial to society. Data collection on marriages that have not been registered is a problem that is often faced in managing population data in many sub-districts. This article discusses the proposed solution through the development of the Kalimasada application to improve the quality of population data in Kedungdoro Village. The service method used involves the process of data collection, needs analysis, application development, and user training. The approach used is the use of mobile application-based information technology to facilitate the process of collecting data on unregistered marriages. The Kalimasada application is designed with an intuitive and easy-to-use interface, allowing sub-district officials to quickly record data on unregistered marriages. In addition, this application is equipped with an automatic data validation feature to reduce input errors and increase data accuracy. During the service process, training was conducted for the community about the importance of reporting unregistered marriages to subdistrict officers via the Kalimasada application. The results of implementing the Kalimasada application show a significant increase in data collection on unregistered marriages in Kedungdoro Village. With this application, the data collection process becomes more efficient and accurate, producing more valid and reliable data. Apart from that, public participation in reporting unregistered marriages has also increased, so that the data collected becomes more complete. In conclusion, developing the Kalimasada application is an effective solution for improving the quality of population data in Kedungdoro Village. The use of information technology in public administration can help speed up the data collection process and increase data accuracy. The next step is to expand the implementation of this application to other sub-districts and continue to carry out monitoring and evaluation to ensure its sustainability and effectiveness in the long term.

The increasingly rapid development of information technology currently encourages organizations to implement connected information systems with one database, so that it becomes easier for several organizational devices to share data, and it is also easier to communicate. The obstacles faced when still using paper as a document medium are spending a lot of time completing documents, not being efficient in completing reports that have time limits, so that the information needed is slow and what is obtained is less than optimal. This research method is qualitative by explaining in detail about the Personnel System in personnel services in the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). Then the data analysis techniques used in this research are qualitative descriptive analysis, observation, interviews and documentation. In implementing this ERP, it was concluded that the personnel service application could improve human resource management thereby improving services from various areas of the organization