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This study aims to explain the implementation of the three-act structure in scriptwriting for the feature video entitled “Jejak Rasa: Akar dari Tanah Priangan.” The background of this research is based on the tendency of audiovisual representations of cassava that remain partial, focusing only on either traditional or modern aspects without integrating both into a cohesive narrative. This study employs a qualitative approach based on creative practice, where the author acts as a scriptwriter responsible for designing the narrative flow using the three-act structure: set up, confrontation, and resolution. The production process consists of three stages: pre-production, production, and post-production, involving literature research, field observation, interviews with key informants, and the development of visual and audio narratives. The findings indicate that the implementation of the three-act structure successfully creates a systematic narrative that integrates historical, cultural, and modern dimensions of cassava transformation. This structure also effectively builds a coherent dramatic flow and enhances audience emotional engagement. The implications of this study are expected to provide references for academics and practitioners in developing research-based audiovisual scriptwriting, particularly in the context of local culture and gastronomy.

The circulation of illegal cigarettes in Kudus Regency remains a serious problem that is detrimental to the state and disrupts a healthy business competition climate. This study aims to analyze the forms and mechanisms of law enforcement by the Kudus Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office against these violations based on Law Number 39 of 2007 concerning Excise, and to identify inhibiting factors in its implementation. The research method used is an empirical juridical approach with a qualitative descriptive research type through interviews with officials of the Kudus Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office and a literature study of related documents and regulations. The circulation of illegal cigarettes is still found in various forms of violations, with plain cigarettes without excise stamps being the most frequently found type. The resulting impacts include reduced state revenue, disrupted competitiveness of the legal cigarette industry, and low levels of public legal compliance. In its implementation, the Kudus Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office faces obstacles in the form of limited personnel and facilities, difficulties in location searches, and low public legal awareness. This research is expected to contribute to increasing the effectiveness of law enforcement in the excise sector and support efforts to eradicate the circulation of illegal cigarettes in Indonesia

Financial losses at several State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Indonesia indicate significant problems in the operational management and governance of state assets. This situation not only impacts SOE business performance but also directly impacts state financial management, including transparency, accountability, and efficient budget utilization. This study aims to analyze the underlying causes of financial losses at SOEs and evaluate their impact on public financial governance in Indonesia. The method used is a literature review examining regulations, SOE financial reports, previous research, government oversight reports, and relevant academic studies. The results indicate that SOE losses generally occur due to weak internal management, decision-making that is not based on data, inefficient costs, poor governance, and inadequate government oversight. The impact on public financial governance can be seen in the increasing burden on state finances and declining public trust in the management of state assets. This study recommends strengthening the implementation of Good Corporate Governance (GCG), increasing transparency and accountability in reporting, utilizing digital technology for oversight, and comprehensive evaluation of the performance of directors and commissioners to support improvements in SOE governance and public finances.

The development of generative artificial intelligence has given rise to a new form of digital-based sexual violence through the spread of sexual deepfakes, non-consensual synthetic sexual representations that can attack the dignity, privacy, sexual autonomy, and sense of security of victims. This threat becomes even more serious when targeting students and educators because it not only harms individuals but also disrupts the integrity and security of educational spaces. This study aims to analyze the construction of Indonesian criminal law in ensnaring the spread of sexual deepfakes in educational environments, identify weaknesses in its regulations, and formulate a more ideal reconstruction of criminal liability. The method used is normative legal research with a qualitative descriptive approach, through a literature review of laws and regulations, scientific literature, and relevant documents related to deepfakes, electronic-based sexual violence, and legal protection in educational environments. The results of the discussion indicate that Indonesian positive laws, such as the ITE Law, the TPKS Law, the Pornography Law, the Personal Data Protection Law, and educational regulations, have essentially provided a normative basis for prosecuting such acts, but they are still partial, fragmented, and do not explicitly regulate sexual deepfakes as a separate crime. Therefore, a reconstruction of criminal liability is needed that explicitly recognizes non-consensual synthetic sexual representation as a crime, expands the forms of punishable acts, provides for greater severity in the context of educational relations, and comprehensively integrates criminal penalties with victim protection and recovery. Keywords: sexual deepfakes, criminal liability, students, educators, digital-based sexual violence.

Ballast water plays a crucial role in maintaining ship stability during shipping, but it also carries environmental and human health risks due to the heavy metals it carries. This study aims to examine the health risks posed by exposure to heavy metals in ballast water and to assess the effectiveness of management practices implemented in the maritime industry. Using a literature review method, this study examines various scientific sources related to the content of heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in ballast water, as well as their impacts on human health and marine ecosystems. The results indicate that heavy metals in ballast water can cause long-term toxic effects such as neurological disorders, kidney damage, and respiratory and reproductive disorders. The greatest risk is experienced by maritime workers who are directly exposed through inhalation or skin contact during the ballast water sampling and processing process. To minimize these risks, strict work safety protocols, improved ballast water treatment technology, and regular monitoring of heavy metal levels are required. Thus, this study emphasizes the importance of strengthening ballast water management policies and practices that are oriented towards human health and environmental sustainability.  

Law Number 11 of 2012 emphasizes restorative justice, diversion, and the protection and fulfillment of children’s rights within the juvenile justice system. In addition, Law Number 22 of 2022 highlights the importance of guidance and assistance aimed at supporting the social reintegration of children in conflict with the law. However, the implementation of these legal provisions at the Class I Correctional Center (Bapas) in Banda Aceh has not been fully effective due to several challenges, including the limited number of officers, inadequate initial assistance, and constraints in reporting and inter-institutional coordination. This study aims to analyze the implementation of assistance provided to juvenile correctional clients at Bapas Class I Banda Aceh and identify factors affecting its effectiveness. The research employs an empirical juridical method with descriptive qualitative analysis based on interviews, documentation, and legal literature. The findings reveal that assistance has been provided throughout all judicial stages, including pre-adjudication, adjudication, and post-adjudication processes. These activities involve community research, assistance during diversion and court proceedings, and post-verdict guidance. Nevertheless, implementation remains suboptimal due to internal factors such as limited Community Advisors and heavy workloads, as well as external factors including insufficient family support, limited community acceptance, and weak coordination between institutions. These issues affect the effectiveness of assistance and hinder children’s successful social reintegration.

Climate change has encouraged corporations to establish carbon emission reduction targets as part of their sustainability strategies. However, achieving these targets depends not only on technological innovation and operational policies but also on an organization's ability to integrate decarbonization agendas into human resource management systems. This study aims to analyze the strategic role of Human Resource Directors in integrating corporate carbon emission reduction targets into employee performance management systems and leadership Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). This research employs a qualitative approach using a systematic literature review by examining various relevant scientific publications related to Strategic Human Resource Management, Green Human Resource Management, and performance management within the context of organizational sustainability. The analysis process was conducted through systematic literature selection, mapping of previous research findings, and thematic synthesis of concepts and relationship patterns identified in the literature. The findings indicate that the integration of carbon emission targets into organizational performance management systems can be implemented through sustainability-based leadership KPIs, the application of Green HRM practices, and the alignment of employee evaluation and incentive systems with corporate decarbonization objectives. This study contributes to expanding the understanding of decarbonizing leadership by positioning HR Directors as strategic actors who connect corporate sustainability policies with organizational performance management practices, thereby encouraging organizational behavioral transformation toward more sustainable business practices.

Introduction: Additive Manufacturing (AM) has revolutionized the production of complex geometries, offering flexibility, customization, and precision across various industries. However, optimizing multiple process parameters simultaneously to enhance AM performance remains a significant challenge. This study focuses on improving both mechanical properties and surface quality by utilizing multi-objective optimization techniques. Literature Review: The research reviews existing approaches in AM optimization, highlighting the limitations of single-objective optimization and the potential of multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs). Previous studies demonstrate the difficulty of balancing competing objectives, such as tensile strength and surface roughness, within AM processes. Materials and Method: This study employs NSGA-II, MOEA/D, and SPEA2 algorithms to optimize AM parameters like layer thickness, build orientation, and infill density. The optimization aims to improve mechanical performance, including tensile strength and impact resistance, while reducing build time and surface roughness. The methodology integrates experimental validation with computational predictions to evaluate the effectiveness of these algorithms. Results and Discussion: The optimization process yielded Pareto-optimal solutions that balanced mechanical strength and surface quality. The results demonstrated improvements in tensile strength and surface finish without significantly increasing build time. Trade-off analysis highlighted the inherent conflicts between mechanical performance and surface quality, allowing for better decision-making in industrial applications. The study contributes to the AM industry by offering a comprehensive optimization framework for improving both efficiency and product quality.

Education is a crucial aspect for individuals; however, in reality, many students face learning obstacles such as low motivation and academic procrastination, which can hinder their psychological development. This literature review aims to analyze the effectiveness of various Guidance and Counseling (GC) services in addressing students’ learning problems and to identify the most prevalent and efficient strategies. The research method used was a literature review of 20 scientific articles from accredited journals and academic books published over the past ten years. Data analysis was conducted thematically to map patterns and trends in the effectiveness of interventions. The results indicate that GC services significantly contribute to addressing learning difficulties through four primary models: group counseling, individual counseling, classroom guidance, and comprehensive services. Group counseling was found to be the most widely used and effective service in enhancing students’ learning motivation and social interaction through group dynamics. Meanwhile, individual counseling proved effective for addressing personal and specific issues such as truancy and procrastination. Although effective, the implementation of guidance and counseling services still faces challenges in the form of a limited number of counselors and suboptimal time management. The implications of this study emphasize the need to optimize group services as a primary strategy, as well as increased support from schools and parents to create preventive and comprehensive interventions.

Social interaction is an important part of students' lives, especially in the school environment and socializing with peers. In the process of this interaction, verbal bullying behavior often appears which is often considered a form of joke or a natural thing. In fact, verbal bullying can have a quite serious psychological impact on students who experience it. This study aims to examine various forms of verbal bullying that occur in social interactions in students and analyze the psychological impact it causes. This study uses a literature review method by analyzing various scientific sources in the form of research journals, scientific articles, and relevant books published in the range of 2016–2026. The results of the study show that verbal bullying in students can appear in various forms, such as mockery of physical or ability, insults, the use of harsh words, yelling, and humiliation in front of others or the general public. Various studies have also shown that these behaviors are influenced by the factors of the friendship environment, lack of emotional control, and excessive joke culture among students. The psychological impact caused includes decreased self-confidence, the emergence of feelings of sadness, anxiety, stress, and a tendency to withdraw from the social environment. Therefore, attention from various parties, especially the school and family environment, is needed to prevent and reduce the occurrence of verbal bullying so that students' psychological development can take place in a healthy manner.

This study aims to analyze innovative strategies that can be implemented by Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in East Java to improve competitiveness through digital marketing and e-commerce. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a library research method by reviewing various scientific literature, government reports, and previous studies related to MSME innovation and digital transformation. The results of the study indicate that digital marketing and e-commerce innovation can increase market reach, operational efficiency, product differentiation, and MSME sales. However, the implementation of innovation still faces several challenges such as low digital literacy, limited capital, limited technology, and lack of system integration. Therefore, innovative strategies are needed, including integrated digital marketing, marketplace optimization, social commerce, digital payment systems, logistics integration, digital branding strengthening, and digital literacy training. In addition, collaboration between MSMEs, government, universities, communities, and digital platforms is an important factor in accelerating MSME digital transformation. This study produces recommendations for an innovative strategy model based on digital marketing and e-commerce to improve the competitiveness and sustainability of MSMEs in East Java.

The phenomenon of cyberbullying and the spread of hoaxes among students has posed a significant threat to the ethics of the younger generation. Consequently, the education sector must take prudent action. The purpose of this study is to examine how the integration of digital ethics into the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) curriculum serves as an effort to prevent and address online behavioral violations. This research was conducted qualitatively using a desk study. Data were collected through documentary research of educational literature, Islamic moral values, and curriculum policies. In this analysis, a content analysis method was used to examine how Islamic concepts relate to the ethics of modern digital communication. The research indicates that the current PAI curriculum requires strengthening digital transaction materials through internalizing the principles of tabayyun (religious conduct) to combat hoaxes and the principles of akhlaqul karimah (good character) to reduce cyberbullying. PAI should not be limited to theoretical literature; instead, it should develop into a practical guide that helps people improve their digital lives. To create a safe and secure internet environment, the PAI curriculum must be aligned with critical digital literacy and the strengthening of religious character. It is hoped that this integration will provide students with a strong spiritual foundation to face the challenges of future technological disruption.

Science learning in elementary schools requires evaluation strategies that are able to measure conceptual understanding while enhancing students’ motivation and engagement. One of the contextual science topics in Grade VI that requires visualization is the adaptation of living organisms. However, science learning evaluation is still dominated by conventional assessment instruments that are less varied and have not optimally utilized digital technology. This study aims to examine the development of an interactive question bank based on Quizlet as an alternative assessment tool for science learning on the topic of adaptation of living organisms in Grade VI elementary schools. This study employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method by analyzing relevant scientific articles, books, and educational policy documents. The results of the review indicate that a Quizlet-based interactive question bank has the potential to improve the quality of learning evaluation through the use of varied and interactive questions accompanied by immediate feedback. The use of Quizlet also supports student-centered learning and aligns with the principles of meaningful assessment promoted in the Merdeka Curriculum.

This study aims to examine the influence of emotional intelligence on the academic achievement of public high school students through a systematic literature review approach. Emotional intelligence is defined as an individual's ability to recognize, understand, manage, and express emotions adaptively, which includes five main dimensions: self-awareness, self-regulation, self-motivation, empathy, and social skills. This study uses a systematic literature review method guided by PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). A literature search was conducted through the Google Scholar, Sinta, and DOAJ databases using the keywords "emotional intelligence", "learning achievement", "emotional intelligence", and "academic achievement" with a publication period of 2014–2024. Of the total 87 articles identified, screening based on title and abstract resulted in 43 articles, then selection based on inclusion and exclusion criteria resulted in 18 articles that met the requirements for in-depth analysis. The inclusion criteria included articles discussing the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement, written in Indonesian or English, having gone through a peer-reviewed process, and published in accredited journals. The synthesis results show that emotional intelligence has a positive and significant influence on the academic achievement of public high school students, with contributions ranging from 21% to 34% (R² = 0.21–0.34; p < 0.05). The dimensions of self-regulation and self-motivation were shown to be the most dominant components in influencing student academic achievement. In addition, this relationship was moderated by factors of self-confidence, parental support, and a conducive school climate. The conclusion of this study confirms that the development of emotional intelligence needs to be systematically integrated into educational programs in schools to produce students who excel academically as well as emotionally and socially mature.

Technological advancements and the rapid growth of globalization have fundamentally changed the way organizations conduct business activities, creating increasingly complex challenges and opportunities in both local and international markets. Organizations are now required to adapt quickly to changing consumer preferences, technological innovation, market competition, and economic uncertainty. In this environment, economics, management, and accounting have become three essential disciplines that play a crucial role in determining organizational effectiveness and long-term sustainability. Economics helps organizations understand market behavior, pricing strategies, supply and demand conditions, and macroeconomic factors that influence business performance. Management focuses on planning, organizing, leading, and controlling resources to ensure operational efficiency and goal achievement. Accounting provides reliable financial information through systematic recording, reporting, and analysis of transactions, enabling organizations to evaluate performance and maintain accountability. This study aims to analyze the relationship between these three disciplines in supporting organizational decision-making processes and improving overall performance. The research employs a literature review method by examining various recent academic books and journal articles. The findings reveal that the integration of economics, management, and accounting strengthens strategic planning, improves resource allocation, enhances financial transparency, and supports sustainable organizational growth in a highly competitive global environment.

This study aims to examine the role of management psychology in improving work motivation in organizations through a literature study approach. Data were obtained from various scientific sources relevant to the topics of management psychology, work motivation, and organizations. The results of the study indicate that management psychology plays a significant role in understanding individual and group behavior in the workplace through psychological aspects such as needs, attitudes, emotions, and personality. Work motivation is a key factor influencing employee performance, which is influenced by both internal and external factors, including rewards, work relationships, environmental conditions, and opportunities for self-development. Various motivational theories such as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, Alderfer's ERG, Mcclelland's Needs, And Vroom's expectancy theory provide a foundation for understanding the dynamics of work motivation. In addition, the implementation of the performance management cycle, which includes planning, monitoring, evaluation, and rewarding, has proven effective in improving employee morale.

This research aims to analyze the strategic role of management psychology in enhancing the performance and effectiveness of educational organizations through a systematic literature review. The development of modern educational organizations demands human resource management that is not only oriented toward administrative aspects but also considers the psychological dynamics of individuals, including behavior, motivation, and interpersonal relationships. The research method used is qualitative with a literature review approach, analyzing relevant scientific articles from the Google Scholar database. The results of the study indicate that management psychology contributes significantly to organizational productivity through three main aspects: effective organizational communication to build trust, psychology-based leadership that increases work motivation and satisfaction through recognition and fairness, and constructive conflict management that transforms tension into opportunities for innovation. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that the integration of various psychological dimensions, such as organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and self-efficacy, is a key element in creating a conducive work environment. Therefore, leaders of educational institutions are advised to adopt a humanistic leadership style to optimize the potential of human resources and achieve superior educational quality in a sustainable and effective manner within the modern era.

One of the most important factors influencing how well students learn is their motivation to learn. Teachers must actively manage students' psychological well-being, as low motivation to learn can lead to less-than-ideal learning outcomes. In addition to imparting knowledge, teachers can also act as motivators and facilitators, fostering an emotionally and psychologically supportive learning environment. Therefore, particularly in madrasah environments that prioritize spiritual values, teachers' psychological management techniques are crucial for enhancing students' motivation to learn. The purpose of this study was to examine various psychological management techniques used by madrasah instructors to enhance students' willingness to learn. A qualitative research approach with a literature review approach was used as the methodology. Information was gathered from various sources, including books, academic journals, and related documents on learning motivation and educational psychology management. The findings revealed a number of useful tactics that educators can employ, such as developing strong emotional bonds with students, fostering a relaxed and supportive learning environment, expressing gratitude and positive reinforcement, recognizing each student's unique needs and characteristics, and incorporating spiritual values ​​into the educational process. As demonstrated by increased active engagement, learning interest, and learning outcomes, the implementation of these methods has been shown to enhance students' motivation to learn. Therefore, effective and meaningful learning is greatly influenced by the teacher's psychological management.

Adolescent mental health is a crucial factor in supporting students’ academic success, social interactions, and personal development within the school environment. The various pressures faced by adolescents such as academic demands, developmental changes, and the influence of social and digital environments can increase the risk of mental health issues. Therefore, effective protective factors are needed, one of which is social support. This study aims to examine the relationship between social support and adolescent mental health in the school environment using a qualitative method with a literature review approach. Data were obtained from relevant, openly accessible national journals published between 2020 and 2025. Analysis was conducted using content analysis on 14 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The results of the study indicate that social support has a positive and significant relationship with adolescents’ mental health. Support from family, peers, and teachers has been shown to reduce stress and anxiety levels, as well as improve students’ psychological well-being, resilience, and coping abilities. Conversely, low levels of social support contribute to an increased risk of mental disorders among adolescents. Thus, social support serves as an important protective factor in maintaining and improving students’ mental health. The implications of this study underscore the importance of the involvement of families, schools, and the social environment in building a sustainable support system for adolescents.

The rapid development of information and communication technology in the digital era has brought massive disruptions to all aspects of human life, including the educational paradigm and societal morality. Generation Z, as digital natives who grow up alongside these technological advancements, faces significant vulnerabilities regarding character degradation and moral decadence due to boundless exposure to global information. This research aims to critically analyze the strategic role of Islamic Religious Education in shaping and fortifying the character of Generation Z amidst the complexities of the digital landscape. The method used in this study is a qualitative literature review, which systematically synthesizes and analyzes twenty relevant academic sources. The findings indicate that Islamic Religious Education serves as an irreplaceable moral compass by internalizing the fundamental values of Tawhid and prophetic ethics. Furthermore, the integration of modern digital pedagogy with classical Islamic traditions, accompanied by the teacher's role as a moral exemplar (mu'addib), is crucial for effective character building. In conclusion, a collaborative educational ecosystem involving the family, school, and society is mandatory to ensure the continuous moral resilience of the younger generation in facing future technological disruptions.