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Child development problems are also related to learning and education problems. In the learning process, a combination of psychosocioemotional, psychomotor skills, medical, and language relationships is needed. These four things are the main keys or gateways to a bright future, especially for children who have learning problems. This study discusses learning media used to train sensory and motor skills of children with special needs using the socialization and demonstration method at St. Anna Tomohon Special School. The phenomenon found at St. Anna Tomohon Special School is that they have problems with sensory, motoric, and learning processes. This results in disruption of the child's physical development. The purpose of creating a sensory playmat is to train good coordination between the five senses and movement to the stimulation received. Located at St. Anna Tomohon Special School, with 21 participants in the activity. Various reactions were found when children demonstrated which were tested by imitating and following games such as acceptance and rejection

This research aims to determine the effect of using mini theater media on the communication skills of children aged 5-6 years at Kindergarten Karunia Medan Johor. Communication skills are an important aspect of children's development, which involves the ability to speak, listen and interact effectively with other people. However, based on initial observations at Karunia Kindergarten, many children do not have good communication skills, such as lack of eye contact, unclear speech, and impoliteness when interacting. Mini theater as a learning medium has great potential to improve children's communication skills through role play that involves dialogue and interaction. This research uses an experimental method with a pre-test and post-test design in one group. The research sample was all children aged 5-6 years at Kindergarten Karunia Medan Johor, totaling 15 children. The research results show that the use of mini theater media significantly improves children's communication skills, especially in the aspects of speaking clearly, maintaining eye contact, and participating in conversations. Mini theater media has proven to be an effective tool in developing communication skills in early childhood.

This research aims to develop an interactive web learning media called Mathventure based on Google Sites, with a focus on improving the math problem solving skills of third grade elementary school students in multiplication material. The background of this research is driven by students' low understanding of the concept of multiplication and the lack of interesting and contextual learning media. The approach used in this research is the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model involving five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The resulting product has been validated by material and media experts with excellent results. The pilot test was conducted in two elementary schools involving pretest, posttest, and student response questionnaire. The test results showed a significant increase in problem solving ability, with an N-Gain value of 0.6612, and a practicality level of 82%. This media is considered effective in creating learning that is fun, interactive, and able to motivate students in understanding the concept of multiplication. The implication of this research shows that web-based digital media can be an innovative solution to overcome math learning difficulties in elementary schools and has the potential to be further developed for other materials and levels.

This study aims to enhance the competence of RA/TK/PAUD teachers in teaching basic Arabic through training based on the digital application Google Classroom in Desa Kembang, Pacitan Regency in 2024. The training was designed as an interactive learning medium that allows teachers to access, manage, and deliver materials online, while also monitoring student progress. The research employed a Community Service (PKM) approach with data collection through observation, questionnaires, and documentation of teaching practices. The results indicate that the training improved teachers’ ability to create virtual classes, assign tasks, utilize discussion forums, and deliver Arabic language materials interactively. Teachers became more confident and creative in developing learning modules, while student engagement increased through digital interaction and multimedia materials. Nevertheless, challenges related to teachers’ digital literacy and internet connectivity need to be addressed for long-term implementation effectiveness. The study confirms that integrating Google Classroom as a learning medium can strengthen the basic Arabic learning process at the PAUD level, while also promoting the development of interactive and easily accessible digital learning modules. These findings can serve as a reference for other educational institutions in implementing digital learning for early childhood education.

This research aims to develop a new learning media called "Malo Maretong" which can improve the numeracy skills of children aged 5-6 years. This research uses research and development (R&D) methods by applying the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model. There are five steps in this development, but researchers focus on the first four: analysis, design, development, and implementation. This research involves literature study, validation by experts, as well as product evaluation and revision. Data was collected through questionnaires conducted by media experts, language experts and early childhood experts. Malo Maretong was successfully developed as an effective learning medium to improve the numeracy skills of children aged 5-6 years. The assessment from media experts received an average of 3.9 with a feasibility percentage of 97% and a "very feasible" category. The assessment from linguists received an average of 3.2 with an eligibility percentage of 80% and the "decent" category. The assessment from early childhood experts received an average of 3.2 with a feasibility percentage of 80% and the "decent" category. The validation results showed a very positive assessment from experts with a high average rating and a "very feasible" category. After validation by experts, product revisions and small-scale trials were carried out. The results of the small-scale trial showed an average assessment of 3.7 with a feasibility percentage of 93% and a "very feasible" category. This research makes an important contribution to the development of learning media that suits the needs and characteristics of early childhood, and provides strong recommendations for the implementation of Malo Maretong in the learning context of children aged 5-6 years.

This research discusses the development of pop-up book media for vocabulary mastery among eighth-grade students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Palopo. The aim of this research is (1) to understand the process of developing pop-up book media for vocabulary mastery among eighth-grade students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Palopo. (2) to determine the validity level of the pop-up book media for vocabulary mastery among eighth-grade students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Palopo. This type of research is development research using the Research and Development (R&D) approach with the ADDIE model. The data collection methods include observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The results of this study show that the validation score from the media expert is 93.33%, categorized as highly valid. The validation score from the subject matter expert is 95.38%, also categorized as highly valid. The validation score from the learning expert is 80%, categorized as valid. The trial results obtained a percentage of 83.24%, categorized as highly feasible. Therefore, it can be concluded that the pop-up book media is highly feasible for use in teaching Arabic to eighth-grade students.

Education plays an important role in shaping learners' competencies, including cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects to face the challenges of the times. In Indonesia, education should look at holistic aspects that include character development, life skills and social abilities as mandated in Law No. 20/2003. However, challenges in classroom management and learning boredom often become obstacles. For this reason, innovative approaches are needed, such as the use of interactive learning media. This study aims to examine the effect of using Fun Learning Card media on the learning outcomes of grade XI students at SMA Negeri 21 Surabaya. This media is expected to significantly increase student participation and understanding, overcome boredom, and create more meaningful learning. By using descriptive statistical analysis techniques, standard deviation, and learning outcome categories, the following results were found before using the learning media in cycle 1 with an average score of 49.6. The score was obtained from the lowest score of 35 and the highest score of 70, then also obtained a standard deviation score (P) of 10.2. In cycle 2 using Fun Learning Card media, the highest score was 97 while the lowest score was 76 with an average score of 85.4 and a standard deviation of 6.3.

The purpose of this study was to develop and produce effective image media on the material of loving others like loving oneself in Christian Religious Education and Character Education learning for grade IV elementary school Merdeka Curriculum. This study uses a development method with the ADDIE approach model. The research location in North Tapanuli Regency consists of Elementary School 173290 Butar, Pagaran District, Elementary School 173291 Butar, Pagaran District, Elementary School 173292 Butar, Pagaran District, Elementary School 178492 Pagarbatu, Elementary School 174573 Hutaraja. The study was conducted in May - August 2024. Data collection used a validation questionnaire and a response questionnaire. The validation questionnaire was used for language expert lecturers, media experts, and material experts. The response questionnaire was used for PAK teachers for grade IV elementary school and grade IV elementary school students totaling 11 elementary school students for small groups and 76 students for large groups. The data analysis used in this study is qualitative descriptive analysis and quantitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study are in the form of image media products of loving others like loving oneself in the subject of Christian Religious Education and Character Education for grade IV of elementary school, Merdeka curriculum. The results of the study indicate that the products made are valid and suitable to be used as learning media. The assessment is based on validation experts, teachers, and students, namely language experts obtained an assessment percentage of 100% (very valid), material experts 100% (very valid), media experts 100% (very valid), religious teachers 96% (very valid) and finally students in small groups obtained results of 96.9% (very good) and large groups 96.36% (very good).

The purpose of this study was to develop and produce hybrid learning in the subject of Christian Religious Education and Character Education of class VIII of Junior High Schools in Indonesia in the odd semester of the Independent Curriculum. This study uses a development method with the ADDIE approach model. The study was conducted at SMP Negeri 2 Pollung. Data collection used a validation questionnaire and a response questionnaire. The validation questionnaire was used for validator lecturers who are media experts, design experts, material experts, and language experts. The response questionnaire was used for PAK teachers of class VIII of SMP Negeri 2 Pollung and students of class VIII of SMP Negeri 2 Pollung totaling 24 people for small groups and 66 people for large groups. The data analysis techniques used in this study were qualitative descriptive analysis and quantitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study are in the form of hybrid learning media products using PowerPoint in the subject of Christian Religious Education and Character Education of class VIII of SMP in the Odd Semester of the Independent Curriculum. The results of the study indicate that the products made are valid and suitable to be used as learning media. The assessment is based on validation experts, teachers, and students, namely media experts obtained an assessment percentage of 100% (very valid), design experts 96% (very valid), material experts 100% (very valid), language experts 100% (very valid), PAK teachers 100% (very valid), and finally students in small and large groups obtained an average percentage of 100% (very good).

Children with special needs refer to they who had educational need and additional needs because of certain physical, mental, or emotional condition. They needed special teaching approach and additional sources to support their learning process. Therefore, this community service aimed to teach student using Si Raca App. The method consisted of three main stages, namely 1) preparation stage, 2) implementation stage, and 3) evaluation stage. The subjects of this community service were children with special needs who got difficulties in early reading. The subjects were 4 students with different special needs. This service was conducted at SLB Negeri Tambahrejo. Data was collected using observation, interview, and documentation. Results of this community service showed that in the preparation stage, initial assessment about students' backgrounds was conducted. In the implementation stage, it was focused on the use of Si Raca App. It was started from introducing alphabets using visual and audio media. In the evaluation stage, it utilized word puzzles in Si Raca App. These puzzles were designed to test children's skill in recognizing and arranging words. It could be concluded that three stages of this comnunity service supported the reading skill development of children with special needs using Si Raca App.

The aim of this research is to produce image media which is motivated by the hopes of PAK teachers regarding the importance of image media in the material Every Human Being is Valuable in the Eyes of God in the learning of Christian Religious Education and Character in class IV Elementary School. The research uses a development approach (research and development) which aims to produce image media products that are effective for use in teaching Christian Religious Education and Character with the material that Every Human Being is Valuable in the Eyes of God for grade IV Elementary School.The research location is the State Elementary School in Sipoholon District, North Tapanuli Regency, consisting of Hutaraja Elementary School 174573, Pagar Batu Elementary School 178492 and Pagar Batu 177921. The research was carried out in May - August 2024. Development steps using the ADDIE model. From the research results it is known: 1) Analysis, results from interviews and questionnaires distributed to five teachers of Christian Religious Education and Character Education that 96.4% require the development of image media that makes it easier for teachers to teach, increases students' understanding, and can attract students' attention. on learning Every Human Being is Valuable in the Eyes of God. 2.) Design, A.) Making images of Every Human Being's Material is Valuable in the eyes of Allah. B.) Determination of Learning Materials: Every Human Being is Valuable in the Eyes of God from Genesis 1: 26a&31a, Psalm 139:13-16; Jeremiah 29:11; and John 3 : 16; Luke 3 : 11; Proverbs 17:17; Galatians 6 : 2; 1 Peter 2: 23). 3) Development, Validation results by linguists on the development of material image media. Every human being is valuable in the eyes of Allah, getting a score of 100% which is within the very valid criteria, or can be used without revision. The material expert's validation results achieved a score of 98% which is within the very valid criteria, or can be used without revision. The results of media validation reached a score of 74% after revisions/improvements reached a score of 100%, which is within the very valid criteria, or can be used without revision. Therefore, the images developed are valid for use in research trials. 4) Implementation, from the results of teacher responses in Sipoholon sub-district, the results were 91.3%, which was included in the very valid criteria or could be used without revision, according to responses from Christian Religious Education and Character Education teachers that the pictures were good. The response results for the small group trial obtained a result of 89%, and the large group trial obtained a result of 91.6%, which is within the very good criteria. It was concluded that the picture of Material Every Human Being is Valuable in the Eyes of Allah is Effective for use in learning. 5) Evaluation, seeing responses from experts, responses from PAK teachers, and students, image media is valid and suitable for use in the learning process because it can help teachers in learning and increase students' understanding and attract students' attention in learning.

Education is a conscious and planned effort aimed at developing students' potential to achieve a better life. In the context of physical education, quality learning plays an important role in increasing students' interest and creativity. Physical activity, as taught in PJOK subjects, is very important for students' physical-motor development, especially in junior high school age children. However, observations show that the gross motor development of 7th grade students is not optimal and teachers are less innovative in the use of media and games. Traditional games, such as black and green, can be a solution to improve students' gross motor skills while creating a fun learning atmosphere. This study aims to explore the application of the black and green game in improving the gross motor skills of 13-year-old students, with the hope of making a positive contribution to PJOK learning.

Development of Garuda Cardbo ard Learning Media for Student Representation in Civics Subjects in Class II MIN 7 Medan City. Learning media can be interpreted as a tool that carries messages and information between teachers and students. One of the learning media that can be applied for learning is Garuda cardboard media. Which is implemented in MIN 7 Medan City. This development research has the following problem formulation: (1). What is the validity of the Kargur learning media for the PPKn learning process for students in class 2 MIN 7, Medan City (2). What is the practicality of using Kargur media in the PPKn learning process for students in class 2 MIN 7 Medan City. (3). What is the effectiveness of kargur media on student representation after using kargur media on class 2 MIN 7 students in Medan City. The objectives of this research are: (1). How to validate the kargur learning media for the PPKn learning process for students in class 2 MIN 7 Medan City. (2). How to practically use kargur media in the PPKn learning process for class 2 MIN 7 students in Medan City. (3). What is the effectiveness of kargur media on student representation after using kargur media for class 2 MIN 7 students in Medan City. The results of this research are (1). ADDIE development model in the development of Garuda cardboard learning media: a. Analysis, which focuses on learning problems and student needs, b. Design, regarding product design in terms of Garuda cardboard learning media and preparation of rules use of media, c. development, this is based on the assessments, suggestions and comments of the validators according to their respective fields, d. implementation, in this research it was tested on 15 class II students at MIN 7 Medan City. e. Evaluation, aims to determine the success of research and development carried out on 15 students at MIN 7 Medan City. (2). The results of the feasibility of the Garuda cardboard learning media have a value of 4.5%, categorized as valid or usable but needing minor revisions from material experts, and 3.2% valid or usable but needing minor revisions.

Education is a systematic and continuous process for developing a person's knowledge, skills, attitudes and values. The main goal of education is to prepare individuals to function effectively in society, as well as to facilitate personal growth and development. One of these is the Al-Qur'an Education Park. The Al-Qur'an Education Park (TPQ) has an important role in children's religious education, but often faces challenges in terms of improving the quality of teaching. This article discusses various effective strategies that can be implemented to improve the quality of teaching at TPQ Darul Ulum . This research also explores the role of technology in supporting the teaching and learning process and the importance of parental involvement in supporting children's learning. The research results show that strategies such as continuous training for teachers, use of interactive learning media, and regular evaluations have a positive impact in increasing the effectiveness of teaching at TPQ. It is hoped that this article can serve as a guide for TPQ administrators to implement best practices and achieve higher educational standards within the TPQ environment

The objectives of this research are: (1) To produce an e-module accounting module to improve the learning achievement of SMAS Regina Pacis Bajawa students. (2) Examining the feasibility of accounting e-modules to improve the learning achievement of SMAS Regina Pacis Bajawa students. (3) Examining the effectiveness of the accounting e-module in improving the learning achievement of SMAS Regina Pacis Bajawa students.This type of research is research and development research with the ADDIE model. With an experimental trial design using a pre-test – post-test model. The test subjects in this research were class XI IPS D SMAS Rergina Pacis Bajawa. Product suitability is tested by media experts, material experts, learning practitioners, namely teachers, and media users, namely students. Data collection was carried out using observation, interviews, questionnaires and tests. The data collection instruments used were interview guides, expert validation questionnaires, teacher response questionnaires, student response questionnaires, and accounting questions as an information system. Development products are assessed based on the appropriateness of media design and learning materials. The feasibility of the resulting learning media was analyzed using a conversion of 4 eligibility criteria, namely very good, good, poor and very poor.Results of the research (1) An accounting e-module with a book creator has been developed to improve student learning achievement. (2) The accounting e-module with book creator was assessed in the very appropriate category by media experts with a score of 91.66%, a score of 84.61% in the very appropriate category from material experts, a score of 100% in the very appropriate category from teachers and a score of 87 .14% in the very feasible category was obtained from student assessments. (3) E-module accounting module with book creator can improve the learning achievement of Regina Pacis Bajawa High School students. It can be seen that there is an increase in the average student score from the pretest of 57.18 to 85.78 in the posttest.

This research aims to determine the development process, level of validity and level of practicality of small Arabic dictionary media which can be used to support the Arabic language learning process, especially in vocabulary learning. The development of this small Arabic dictionary media is adapted to the learning curriculum and teaching materials for class VIII Junior High Schools. This type of research is research and development (R&D) by adapting the 4D development model which consists of four stages, namely definition, design, development and dissemination. The subjects used in this research were 18 class VIII students at Datok Sulaiman Junior High School. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, validation sheets, practicality test sheets and student response questionnaires. The result of this development research is a small Arabic dictionary for class VIII students. The product validation test results show that: 1) the material expert validation assessment obtained a score of 96.36%; 2) media expert validation assessment obtained a score of 86.66%; 3) and the practicality test carried out by learning experts obtained a score of 80%. Based on the results of product trials by three experts, it shows that the small Arabic dictionary learning media is very valid and practical to be applied in Arabic language learning.

This study aims to determine (1) the design of an e-module model with the Kvisoft Flipbook Maker application in economics learning to improve participants' critical thinking skills. Educate, (2) the feasibility of e-modules with the Kvisoft flipbook maker application in economic learning to improve participants' critical thinking skills. learners, (3) students' learning responses to electronic module (e-module) with the Kvisoft flipbook maker application in economics learning for participants Educate, (4) how effective is the use of e-modules with the Kvisoft Flipbook Maker application for critical thinking skills of students in learning .This research is a development research with R&D model. The research sample is SMPN 28 Purworejo class VIII students totaling 92 divided into 2 groups, namely the experimental group, and the control group , the control class uses printed e-modules . Data analysis techniques use normality tests, homogeneity, hypothesis testing, further testing, and effect size.The research results show (1) The experimental class showed that the gain in critical thinking skills of students in the experimental class was 0.8, which means that the gain value in the experimental class was in the range of values (<g>) > 0.7, which is in the high category, in the control class the gain value 0.5 which means the gain in the first and second control classes is in the range of 0.7 ≥ (<g>) 0.3 is in the medium category, (2) the e-module suitability from the assessment of material experts is 5.47 and 5.55, media experts 4.46 with very good and good categories, (3) the student response is good as seen from the results of the content suitability of 4.27, language 8.41, usefulness 8.68, and graphics 8.57 are at a value above 4, (4) the results of the effect size analysis with the Interpretation Effect Size category show that using the Kvisoft Flipbook Maker e-module is effective in increasing critical thinking skills by 70.8 %.

The aim of this research is to increase students' motivation to learn physics after participating in learning activities using scientific-based physics E-books. This research is development research using the 4D model. The subjects of this research included students in class VIII.1 of SMP Negeri 11 Lubuklinggau. The data collection technique was carried out using a learning motivation questionnaire. The assessment of student learning motivation significantly increased with the results before using the media only getting a score percentage of 49%, while the results of the student learning motivation questionnaire after using learning media got a score percentage of 86% in the very high category. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the learning media is effective in increasing students' learning motivation

Previous research shows that digital learning media can increase student learning motivation, facilitate interaction between teachers and students, and encourage educational innovation. Student participation in the learning process is a key factor in improving the quality of learning. In the context of PAK, student participation can be measured through their level of involvement in discussions, assignments and other activities related to the lesson material. In this paper, the method applied by the author is a qualitative descriptive method with a focus on literature study. where books and other literature are the main focus of his research. Teachers play an important role in integrating digital media in the development of the PAK curriculum. Digital media technology that can be used in developing the Christian Religious Education (PAK) curriculum includes various types of tools and platforms that can improve the quality of learning. The use of digital media in developing the PAK curriculum has shown a significant increase in student participation. Canva is a graphic design tool that allows users to design creative designs online. This is a graphic design platform that can be used to create various types of graphics for social media, presentations, posters, documents and other visual content. Guru also makes it easy to create teaching materials and create Bible text games or create Bible verse quizzes. Even though there are several weaknesses that must be taken into account, this is not a problem that cannot be resolved by presenting material interactively and responsively. Therefore, the use of information technology or digital media is very influential in improving the quality of student learning.

Students' mental health is a crucial aspect of their development, as it directly impacts to their learning abilities, social relationships and emotional well-being. Therefore, it is important to give an attention to their mental health, through educational programs, emotional support, and the development of a safe and supportive learning environment.  This program aims to increase students' knowledge and awareness at SDN 1 Tukadmungga through a visual education approach and interactive discussions in open spaces environment. The method used involves the use of visual media such as informative posters as well as discussion sessions held in open spaces to create a more relaxed and participatory learning environment. The research results show that this approach is effective in increasing students' awareness of the importance of maintaining mental health, as well as encouraging them to be more open in talking about the feelings and problems they face. The results showed that there was an increase in students' knowledge before and after the education was carried out. In conclusion, visual education accompanied by interactive discussions in open spaces could be an efficient strategy in promoting mental health among elementary school students