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Stunting is a growth disorder caused by a long-term lack of nutrition, starting during pregnancy and continuing until the child reaches the age of 24 months. This condition is a serious problem that is associated with an increased risk of various health problems, such as disease, premature death, and delays in children's motor and mental development. Stunting can significantly hinder a child's physical and cognitive development, which ultimately has a negative impact on their quality of life in the future. To overcome the problem of stunting, this program was designed with the main aim of increasing community awareness in Giripawana village regarding the importance of healthy living habits as a measure to prevent stunting. This program focuses on educating the public, especially teenagers, about the importance of good nutrition from an early age and the negative impact of early marriage which can reduce the risk of stunting. Apart from that, this program also involves consultation with parents regarding the causes of stunting, the possible impact on children's health and development, as well as preventive steps that can be taken. The education provided covers various aspects such as good parenting patterns and choosing nutritious foods which are very important to support children's optimal growth. Research conducted in Giripawana village used a phenomenological approach with qualitative methods to further explore the experiences and factors that influence stunting in the community. This research involved 25 toddlers who were classified as high risk of stunting. However, the evaluation results showed that only 2 toddlers actually experienced stunting. This research aims to understand in depth the lived experiences and perspectives of families and communities regarding the problem of stunting, as well as to assess the effectiveness of education and intervention programs that have been implemented. Using a phenomenological approach, this research seeks to explore the subjective experiences of families and communities regarding stunting, to gain a more comprehensive insight into this problem. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide valuable information that can be used to plan and implement more effective stunting prevention and control programs in the future, as well as to improve the quality of life of children in the community.The research results show that most of the health problems in Giripawana village are caused by malnutrition in children under five, which often ends in stunting. We strongly believe that through this outreach, community awareness in Giripawana village will increase regarding the importance of maintaining the health and nutrition of their children. The important role of parents, especially mothers, is in ensuring that their children receive adequate and balanced nutritional intake. The importance of early detection of signs of stunting so that appropriate intervention can be carried out as early as possible.

Semarangan vernacular houses mostly have acceptable thermal performance, primarily related to the roof design and its elements. However, some developments associated with the quality of comfort have already been in progress. We found modifications with an alternative opening in the roof. Testing is needed to determine whether this alteration of a vernacular house with roof modifications is suitable to synchronize to nature and culture for its sustainability. This research aims to assess the quality of the modification for the thermal and energy performance of Semarangan vernacular houses in responding to climate change based on innovation. We utilize an energy audit simulation using the SketchUp software and the Sefaira plugin extension to measure thermal shape and variables. The focused study analyzes the thermal performance of buildings through analysis of the building envelope and building shape from a conceptual model. We discover that vernacular modifications do not reveal any extreme differences. Further research is needed to examine some other types of modifications further. We have to ensure that any modification maintains the quality of the house's performance and even have to increase it.

The purpose of this article is to examine the current issues and difficulties that Nigeria's four main transportation modes are facing. The data utilized in this research were gathered by field observations, oral interviews, and a thorough literature search of books, journals, and pertinent government documents. After discussing the difficulties and issues affecting each mode's ability to continue contributing to the nation's economic development, the historical evolution of each mode and its historical role in that development are provided. The main effects of driving being preferred over other modes of transportation are the environmental issues associated with driving and the high rate of traffic accidents on Nigerian roads. There are numerous inland waterways of capacity that is underutilized as a result of the antiquated railway system. Despite being widely utilized, the airways still require significant development and refinement. In order for these modes to continue contributing to Nigeria's economic development, the study offered viable solutions to these issues and obstacles.  

Background: Gout is a disease associated with high levels of uric acid in the blood. Apart from the aging process, gout can also occur due to the inhibition of the secretion process and a decrease in the enzyme uricase. The aging process in the elderly causes various health problems, as a result of which they are susceptible to diseases, one of which is an increase in uric acid. Uric acid numbers can be said to be abnormal if >6 mg/dl for women and >7.2 mg/dl for men. Non-pharmacological therapy that can be done is ergonomic exercise. The purpose of this study is to compare measurements of uric acid levels before and after ergonomic exercise. Methods: A case study of 2 respondents was conducted three times a week, with a duration of 19 minutes for each exercise. Results: The application of the two respondents resulted in a significant decrease in uric acid levels; namely, Mrs. S obtained a result of 4.8 mg/dl, while Mrs. T obtained a result of 5 mg/dl. Conclusion: The results of this study concluded that there was a decrease in uric acid levels in both respondents after ergonomic gymnastics.    

. Pharmacogenomics, the science that combines genetics with pharmacology, plays a vital role in determining the optimal dosage of drugs for patients, especially those with chronic diseases. In Indonesia, the use of pharmacogenomic approaches is still limited even though the genetically diverse population requires more personalized dosage adjustments. This study aims to analyze the effect of genetic variation on drug response in patients with chronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, in Indonesia. By collecting and analyzing genetic data and patient clinical data, this study will identify genetic biomarkers associated with drug metabolism and therapeutic effectiveness. The results of this study are expected to provide guidance for more accurate and personalized drug dosage determination, which will ultimately improve therapeutic outcomes and reduce the risk of side effects. This study is also expected to encourage wider adoption of pharmacogenomic approaches in clinical practice in Indonesia, as part of the effort towards more personalized and effective medicine.

The increasing trend of working from home since the COVID-19 pandemic has introduced new occupational health challenges, particularly regarding ergonomics. This study aimed to improve ergonomic awareness through structured education on proper work postures for home-based workers. Using a one-group pretest-posttest design, the research evaluated the effectiveness of educational interventions based on behavior change theories. Results demonstrated that interventions using the Trans-Theoretical Model (TTM) reduced Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) scores from 5.65 to 3.95 and decreased forward head posture by 9°. Similarly, participatory ergonomic approaches increased straight back posture from 59% to 75% of work time, with a 98% participant satisfaction rate. Educational strategies combining short workplace demonstrations, reminder media, and physical exercises proved more effective than conventional training methods. Theory-based weekly training sessions reduced the proportion of high-risk workers from 60% to 21% within three months. The study concludes that structured work posture education based on behavior change theories effectively enhances ergonomic awareness among home-based workers and significantly reduces health risks associated with poor posture.

This research aims to analyze legal protection for village people in the village government context in Indonesia. As a government entity that is located in the country on the frontline of the regional autonomy, village has a strategic role in ensuring its fulfillment hak-hakwarga which includes the right to atas public action, paparticipants in the decision-making process, as well as hakatas sustainable development of millions of people. This research uses a normative juridical approach by analyzing the laws and regulations in force, including Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages, andvarious other related regulations. The results of the research show that even though it's a monkey the law that ang adahas provided protection for the village community, there are still gaps in the village lam perpetratornanannya which requires more attention, especially associated withan increase intankapasitasaparavillage tour andnobservationwasan by the governmenthanderah. This research concludes that increasing the effectiveness of legal protection for rural areas requires antarasynergy governmenth village, governmenthdaerah, andnmasyarakat itself.    

The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education presents both opportunities and ethical challenges, especially for faith based institutions such as Christian schools. These institutions must balance technological innovation with their theological commitments. As AI becomes more embedded in educational environments, Christian educators face the challenge of integrating AI in a way that aligns with Christian values, human dignity, and relational teaching roles. This study explores how Christian moral teachings can guide the integration of AI into education, providing a framework for ethical AI use in Christian schools. Previous studies have highlighted the ethical concerns associated with AI, including algorithmic bias, data privacy, and the potential for AI to undermine relational teaching roles. Christian educational theology, which emphasizes values such as human dignity, justice, and fairness, offers a robust framework for addressing these concerns. A biblical worldview and the concept of Imago Dei (the image of God) provide theological foundations for integrating AI ethically in education, ensuring that AI tools enhance human centered learning rather than replace human educators. Additionally, literature suggests that ethical guidelines informed by Christian teachings can mitigate AI's ethical risks and promote a more inclusive and equitable educational environment. This study employs a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative research methods. The qualitative phase involves document analysis and interviews with Christian educators and theologians to explore theological reflections on AI and its ethical implications.

The integration of blockchain technology and cryptocurrency within the framework of Islamic finance has raised significant ethical, legal, and regulatory concerns. Blockchain technology, known for its transparency, decentralization, and immutability, offers a promising solution for enhancing financial inclusion, transparency, and security in financial transactions. However, the use of cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, introduces complexities due to their speculative nature, which may violate Sharia principles like gharar (excessive uncertainty) and riba (usury). This study explores the compatibility of blockchain and cryptocurrency with Sharia law, focusing on the challenges and opportunities that arise in the context of Islamic finance. The study analyzes existing fatwas (Islamic legal opinions), regulatory frameworks, and the application of Sharia principles to emerging financial technologies. It discusses the ethical dimensions of blockchain and cryptocurrency, such as their potential to promote fairness and transparency, while addressing concerns about privacy violations and the risks associated with unregulated trading. Furthermore, the research highlights the lack of standardized global regulations for cryptocurrency and blockchain, which complicates their adoption in Muslim-majority countries. The study also emphasizes the importance of establishing Sharia-compliant governance frameworks and regulatory standards to ensure the ethical use of these technologies. Finally, the study provides recommendations for further research in the intersection of Islamic law, digital finance, and global governance frameworks, focusing on the development of policies that ensure Sharia-compliant digital assets and technologies.

Forensic accounting plays a vital role in combating financial crimes resulting from accounting estimates, as it combines specialized knowledge in accounting with forensic investigative skills to analyze financial statements and uncover manipulations.and The research aims to explore how forensic accounting affects the identification of financial crimes related to accounting estimatesThe most important conclusions of the research were : Forensic accounting plays a vital role in discovering financial manipulations and frauds associated with accounting estimates. Through careful examination and forensic analysis of financial statements, forensic accountants are able to detect any manipulation of numbers or exaggeration of profits or losses. andThe most important recommendations include examining the necessity of implementing strict internal control procedures that include reviewing accounting estimates regularly, using forensic accounting methods. This would reduce the chances of financial manipulation and fraud, and this research contributes to clarifyingThe role of forensic accounting in detecting financial crimes related to estimatesAccounting.And improvement transparencyAnd the accuracy of financial reports by examining estimatesAccounting.andDevelop effective financial investigation strategies to combat illegal financial activities.  

The thyroid interact with the hypothalamic-pituitary reproductive axis. Tenascins (TN) are a group of versatile glycoproteins found in the extracellular matrix (ECM) that have distinct expression patterns in different tissues and stages of development, as well as in homeostasis tissue balance and during infections and diseases. Furthermore there  are   four types of  family members that are referred as  tenascin (-C,-R,-X, -W).Tenascin-X and tenascin-C have significant involvement in human diseases. The paraoxonase family consists of three genes: paraoxonase 1, paraoxonase 2, and paraoxonase 3. These genes have around 70% genetic sequence similarity and 60% same sequence of amino acid. Materials and Methods: 120  Sample of the current study were collected from married women aged 20 and 45 years after taking their information (age, height, weight, and health status in detail) to obtain suitable samples.  Results : The anti-mullerian hormone showed significant decrease at (P<0.01) in hypothyroidism and increase significant in infertility at (P<0.01). Prolactin showed highly increase significant in hypothyroidism at (P<0.01) and in infertility women patients compared with women control . Luteinizing hormone level showed increase significant in hypothyroidism and infertility at (P<0.01)  and follicle-Stimulating hormone level showed decrease significantly .The tenascin-X showed a high significant increase at (P<0.01) in  hypothyroidism patient compared with control group. The optimal cut-off value tenascin-X was (10.382 pg/ml as cut-off value). The tenascin-X showed a high significant increase at in infertility with hypothyroidism women patient compared with control group. The optimal cut-off value for tenascin-X was (8.904 pg/ml) . Albumin level showed decrease significant in hypothyroidism at (P<0.01) and increase significant in hypothyroidism and infertility patients at (P<0.01) with control group. Conclusions: Hypothyroidism is associated with changes in the level of sex hormones, which is one of the main causes of infertility . tenascin-X were related with hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is associated with oxidative stress, PON-1conseder anti-oxidant and activity is changes in oxidative stress of different etiology.

Occupational skin disease is a skin disorder that occurs due to a person's work and is commonly found in industrial, agricultural, and plantation areas. This disease is caused by materials/substances and processes carried out in the workplace generally and is known as dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis has dry skin and often has itching, allergic rhinitis, nasal obstruction, conjunctiva and pharynx itching, lacrimation, and seasonality when associated with pollen. This study uses a descriptive case study method where the researcher will describe the case experienced by a client with dermatitis. Respondents in this case study were Mr. N who has been experiencing dermatitis for ± 2 weeks in the pandan kasturi village RT / RW: 01/01 which was carried out for 3 days (November 27, 2023-30 November 2023). The results showed that during the 3 days of implementing dermatitis treatment with siri leaf decoction water, there were changes from Mr. N's complaints. Mr. N said the itching on his feet and hands and between his fingers decreased, did not feel itchy at night after treatment with siri leaf decoction water, redness and wounds due to frequent scratching seemed to decrease. It can be concluded that betel leaf cooking water is effective for the treatment of itching in dermatitis.

Increasing catfish seed production sustainably is important to meet market needs. One effort to increase seed production is through the degree of egg hatching. This study aims to test the effectiveness of the application of the green water system on the success of hatching sangkuriang catfish eggs. The method used in this study was an experiment with two levels of treatment and 3 replications. The results of the study from the spawning of a pair of parents, obtained an average fertilization rate value produced in the GWS pond of 96.6% and the control pond 97.4%. In addition, the hatching rate showed a difference, with an average in the GWS pond of 90.6% while in the control pond 78.3%. The difference in the degree of egg hatching in the GWS pond can be associated with several factors, such as the availability of higher dissolved oxygen. Dissolved oxygen in the GWS pond is higher through the process of photosynthesis. Chlorophyceae is the most abundant phytoplankton found in the GWS hatching pond. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Green Water System is effective in increasing the hatching of sangkuriang catfish eggs with an HR of 90.6%. This can be an alternative technology that is useful for cultivators to increase seed production.

The research aimed to analyze how the implementation of the Accounting Information System (AIS) can improve financial efficiency and security at Rindu Lokaria Cafe which currently still manages finances manually. The method used in this research involved qualitative analysis through interviews and direct observation of the financial process at Rindu Lokaria Cafe. This research found that the lack of understanding and implementation of AIS at Rindu Lokaria Cafe led to inaccuracies in recording transactions, difficulties in inventory management, and high risks to financial data security. The results of this research stated that effective AIS implementation as proven to provide several significant benefits, including reduced errors in recording, increased operational efficiency, and better protection of financial data. AIS can hel Rindu Lokaria Cafe improve its financial performance and minimize the risks associated with manual management. This research suggest that Rindi Lokaria Cafe and other MSMEs in Indonesia consider implementing AIS as a strategic step to improve their financial efficiency and security, which will support their business growth and sustainability.

Dragon fruit plants originating from Central and South America have not been widely cultivated. This plant has only been cultivated intensively in several countries such as: Israel, Colombia, Nicaragua, Vietnam, Thailand, China and Australia. Macroscopic identification showed that the fungi associated with dragon fruit stems had similarities to the colony form of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sp. Trichoderma is known to have antagonistic abilities against pathogenic fungi. Trichoderma is easily found in soil ecosystems and plant roots. The method in this study is a survey method. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling or Judgmental sampling method, namely purposive sampling is a sampling method that selects objects (vines) that are considered attacked or have symptoms of pathogen attack. Trichoderma sp is also tolerant to stress and able to inactivate pathogenic microbial enzymes. In addition, Trichoderma sp. Able to produce enzymes that hydrolyze pathogenic cell walls which will inhibit the synthesis of pathogenic cell walls and increase their fungicidal activity, as a result of which pathogenic fungi experience a decrease in growth rate.

Gallbladder disease is associated with a malfunctioning gallbladder and highly concentrated bile, leading to conditions such as the formation of gallstones or cholelithiasis. Cholelithiasis can occur due to high concentrations of cholesterol in the gallbladder. Obstruction of the cystic duct, either by stones or functional issues, can cause acute inflammation of the gallbladder. Acute cholecystitis attacks are often associated with gallstones, or cholelithiasis. Common symptoms include right upper quadrant or epigastric abdominal pain, especially after consuming fatty foods, with additional symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, fever, and diarrhea. The development of this disease is believed to involve many factors and likely arises from complex interactions between various genetic and environmental elements. An imbalance in bile composition, characterized by excessive cholesterol secretion, reduced gallbladder motility, and the accumulation of mucin gel, contributes to the formation of gallstones. Gallbladder disease related to cholesterol results from a biochemical imbalance involving lipids and bile salts in the bile stored in the gallbladder. A 45-year-old patient, Mrs. D, has several risk factors that increase the development of the disease, and the following case report discusses the clinical presentation and laboratory examination results related to the onset of this disease. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed on the patient, and appropriate education was provided, illustrating the importance of intra-professional collaboration and positive outcomes for the patient.

Objective: We aimed to explore that the association of irisin with various anthropometric and metabolic parameters in obese diabetics and non-diabetics Iraqi women. Methods: Eighty obese Iraqi women participated in this cross-sectional study grouped into 40 obese and 40 obese diabetics. The correlation coefficient between circulating irisin levels and metabolic parameters were performed. Results: Serum irisin levels in obese group showed highly significant positive correlations with body weight, WC, BMI, FPG, fasting insulin (FI), HOMA-IR and glucagon (r=0.8684, P> 0.0001 ; r = 0.8104, P> 0.0001; r = 0.8285, P <0.0001; r = 0.5876, P> 0.0001‎; r = 0.5283, P> 0.0005‎; r = 0.0005, P <0.0001; r = 0.5244, P> 0.0005) respectively,  and significant negative correlation ‎with FPG, FI and HOMA-IR (r=-0.3246, P<0.041; r=-0.7903, P<0.0001; r=-0.6105, P<0.0001) respectively. Stepwise regression results showed that body weight, FPG, HOMA-IR and glucagon had significant independently related with irisin (β=‏2.3150, P<0.0001; β=-‎1.2200, P=‎0.0002; β=‎21.8760, P=0.02‎; β=‎-20.9800, P<‎0.005; β=‎0.0468, P=0.037) respectively. Conclusions: Irisin had a strong positive correlation with anthropometric parameters. Irisin independently associated with body weight, glucagon, HOMA-IR and FPG

Electronic credit facilities represent a significant banking innovation, employing technology in a manner that diverges from the established procedures associated with conventional credit. A credit deed that is not in accordance with the formal legal requirements is nevertheless considered to have legal force if the signature is recognized by the relevant parties. This thesis addresses the legal force and position of underhand credit agreements in commercial banks, as well as their suitability with the legal requirements of agreements according to the Civil Code and ITE Law, particularly in instances where the debtor subsequently rejects the signature. This thesis employs normative legal research methods to procure secondary data pertinent to the subject matter. The secondary data comprises primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, which are then subjected to qualitative analysis. The research demonstrates that the legal certainty of electronic credit agreements in commercial banks is regulated by the Civil Code Law Number 19 of 2016 on Electronic Information and Transactions, Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019 on the Implementation of Electronic Systems and Transactions, and OJK Regulation Number 38/POJK.03/2016 on the Application of Risk Management in the Use of Information Technology by Commercial Banks. In the event of a dispute over the rejection of an electronic signature in an agreement, the matter may be resolved through litigation after all other avenues of non-litigation have been exhausted. In electronic credit agreements, electronic signatures are recognized as valid evidence, thereby affording legal protection to creditors.

The author's motivation for undertaking this study stems from a previous observation that instructors continued to employ an expository method that was monotonous and devoid of variety. The instructor primarily employs the lecture method to impart the learning material, which restricts their ability to utilise infrastructure and facilities such as mind mapping and concentration for the students. This form of inquiry employs descriptive qualitative research methodology, specifically characterising a symptom associated with a current event. By utilising data collection methods such as documentation, interviews, and observation. Class V students served as the primary informants, while the Islamic Religious Education Instructor and the School Principal provided supplementary information. Following this, the author conducts data analysis through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing from the study. The findings of the study indicate that: 1) The expository method was implemented with PAI subjects. After conducting research on its learning applications, it has been optimised. Because educators possess a professional demeanour and impart knowledge in accordance with their academic credentials. 2) Possessing assets that serve as corroborating elements in the instructor's implementation and utilisation of learning resources pertaining to Islamic religious education that are accessible and deemed satisfactory in their efficacy. However, there are impediments: a) the teacher's capacity to design learning is constrained (insufficient), b) the length of the teacher's explanations is excessive, c) the reliance on textbooks lacks creativity and is monotonous, and d) educators' endeavours to surmount challenges are also hindered. when the expository method is applied to PAI subjects:. 3) Efforts made by educators to overcome inhibiting factors in the application of expository methods, especially in PAI subjects, can be overcome by developing expository methods, such as using teaching aids, and supplementing with worksheets, and using textbooks that are less imaginative, rigid, and emphasized. on factual learning, memorization, and so on. Thus, it can be stated that the application of the expository method in the implementation of the Islamic Religious Education learning process produces a good learning process and can improve student learning achievement.

Anaemia is a common issue during pregnancy, affecting not only pregnant women but also their foetuses and the birth process. Pregnant women are considered anaemic if their haemoglobin (Hb) levels fall below 11 g/dL, with a higher prevalence observed in the third trimester. One contributing factor to anaemia during pregnancy is tea consumption, as tea contains tannin compounds that can inhibit iron absorption. This study aims to investigate the correlation between tea consumption and the incidence of anaemia in pregnant women during the third trimester. An analytical observational research design with a cross-sectional approach was employed. The study was conducted among pregnant women in the third trimester at the Ngaliyan Health Centre from November to December 2023, with a total sample of 55 participants selected through purposive sampling. Data were analysed using both univariate and bivariate methods. The results revealed a significant relationship between tea consumption and the incidence of anaemia, with a p-value of 0.003 (p < 0.005). These findings suggest that tea consumption is associated with an increased risk of anaemia in pregnant women during the third trimester.