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Digital transformation has driven significant changes in organizational management systems, thus demanding adaptive leadership and organizational agility as a key prerequisite for surviving in a dynamic environment. This study aims to analyze the relationship between adaptive leadership and organizational agility in the context of digital transformation through the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Data were obtained from accredited national journals and relevant international literature, then analyzed using thematic analysis techniques to identify patterns of relationships between variables. The results of the study show that adaptive leadership plays an important role in increasing organizational agility indirectly through strengthening organizational learning and dynamic capabilities. Organizational learning serves as the main mechanism that allows organizations to adapt through the continuous learning process, while dynamic capabilities are the link in transforming learning into strategic responses. Digital transformation accelerates the need for organizations to have a high level of agility in the face of change. In conclusion, organizational agility is the result of systemic processes influenced by adaptive leadership, organizational learning, and dynamic capabilities. This study makes a theoretical contribution to the development of the literature on leadership and strategic management in the digital age as well as practical implications for organizations in improving adaptability to the ever-changing environment.

This study analyzes the influence of Social Media, Impulsive Buying Behavior, Financial Technology Trust, and Financial Literacy on the Interest in Using Shopee PayLater among Generation Z youth in Jombang Village, South Tangerang. Out of a population of 6,618 teenagers, a sample of 150 respondents was selected using Purposive Sampling, exceeding the initial Slovin formula requirement of 99 participants to ensure higher data reliability. The research adopts a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis processed via SPSS version 25. Data collection integrated primary sources from structured questionnaires with secondary data from comprehensive literature reviews. The results demonstrate that Impulsive Buying Behavior and Financial Technology Trust significantly and positively affect Shopee PayLater usage interest. Conversely, Social Media and Financial Literacy do not show a significant positive impact to Shopee PayLater usage interest. These findings provide critical insights into the digital consumption patterns and financial decision-making behaviors of the modern Indonesian youth demographic.

This article provides a descriptive analysis of the potential for integrating national security values into the Christian education curriculum as a strategic effort to support Indonesia's vision of generating a golden generation by 2045. The research object is the formal Christian education system in Indonesia, encompassing its curriculum, pedagogy, and the overarching goal of character formation. The central problem addressed is the perceived dichotomy between faith-based education and the cultivation of civic responsibility, specifically concerning national security a concept often narrowly associated with the military rather than with social resilience, tolerance, and unity. The objective is to explore how Christian educational values can be systematically aligned with national priorities to produce graduates who are both devout and patriotic. Employing a qualitative descriptive analysis method, this study synthesizes findings from a literature review of Christian education philosophy, national curriculum standards, and policy documents on national security and character education. The main findings reveal a significant convergence between Christian ethical teachings such as love for neighbor, integrity, and peacebuilding and the core values underpinning national security and social harmony, like Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Unity in Diversity). The synthesis of ideas proposes a conceptual framework where subjects like civic education and religious studies are interwoven to foster a holistic identity. The article concludes that a deliberate integration of national security values, framed as active citizenship and social stewardship, is not only compatible with Christian education but is essential for realizing the resilient, morally grounded human resources needed for Indonesia 2045.

The development of digital culture has significantly changed the communication, relationships, and spirituality of the younger generation, requiring the Church to reconsider its catechetical methods in the context of social media. This article aims to analyze digital catechesis as a space where faith can develop for the younger generation, by examining the theological foundations, the dynamics of digital culture, and the challenges and models for its development. This study adopts a literature review method by conducting a systematic review of Church Magisterial documents, theological works, and academic research related to the religiosity of the younger generation in the digital environment. The research findings indicate that social media can become a place of faith encounter if catechesis focuses not only on the delivery of religious content but also offers a relational experience that is dialogical, participatory, and community-oriented. However, there are serious challenges such as the risk of superficiality, spiritual consumption, the dominance of algorithms, the commodification of religious content, and the issue of doctrinal authority in the digital space. Therefore, the development of digital catechesis must be based on Christocentrism, fidelity to Church teaching, and a combination of online guidance and concrete sacramental life. With an approach that takes context and reflection into account, digital catechesis has the potential to be a significant and transformative tool of evangelization for young people in the evolving culture of social media.

The quality of educational research is strongly influenced by the accuracy in defining the research population and selecting appropriate sampling procedures. Proper determination of population and sample is essential to ensure that research findings are valid and can be generalized to a broader context. However, many educational studies still provide limited and unsystematic explanations regarding how populations are defined, how samples are selected, and how sample sizes are determined in the research design. This lack of methodological clarity may reduce the credibility and reliability of research results. This study aims to examine the concepts of population and sample, various sampling techniques, and their implications for improving the quality of educational research. The study employed a literature review approach by synthesizing scientific articles and methodological references published within the last ten years that discuss population and sampling in educational research. The results of the review indicate that clearly defining the research population, including both target and accessible populations, is a fundamental step in designing a study. Furthermore, the use of appropriate sampling techniques, such as simple random sampling, stratified sampling, and cluster sampling, plays an important role in obtaining representative samples. Determining an adequate sample size and implementing systematic sampling procedures can also reduce potential research bias and enhance data validity. Therefore, accurate population identification and appropriate sampling design are essential factors in strengthening the reliability and generalizability of educational research findings.

Adolescents affected by parental divorce face increased risks of mental health challenges, often exacerbated by custody disputes, post-separation abuse, and institutional inadequacies. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of trauma-informed, family-based interventions and custody-related policy reforms that promote adolescent mental health, with a focus on the integration of the Islamic principle of maslahah as an ethical framework. A systematic review was conducted using three databases (ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus) covering publications from 2000 to 2024. Inclusion criteria focused on empirical studies addressing interventions, custody policies, and mental health outcomes in adolescents aged 10–21. Findings reveal that Treatment Foster Care Oregon (TFCO) reduces behavioral issues and improves emotional regulation; Multisystemic Therapy and Wraparound Services prevent custody relinquishment and support family cohesion. Legislative reforms like the Family First Prevention Services Act have shown promise in redirecting funding toward prevention, yet face significant implementation disparities. Reports of healthcare obstruction and court-induced trauma remain critical threats to adolescent well-being. The review also found that custody loss, particularly among adolescent parents, correlates with increased substance use and long-term psychosocial instability. The integration of maslahah into legal and mental health frameworks provides a culturally grounded approach to trauma-informed reform. These findings emphasize the need for cross-sectoral collaboration, standardized trauma protocols, and culturally responsive service models. This study advances a holistic understanding of adolescent welfare in custody contexts and identifies pathways for ethical and sustainable reform.

The healthcare sector is increasingly confronted with a VUCA environment (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity), requiring hospitals to adopt adaptive, resilient, and innovative strategies. This study aims to systematically review the evidence on smart hospital strategies in responding to uncertainty, particularly in improving service quality, operational efficiency, and patient satisfaction. A systematic literature review was conducted using major academic databases, including Scopus-indexed sources, Google Scholar, and Semantic Scholar, covering publications from 2020 to 2026. Articles were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria focusing on hospital management strategies in dynamic and uncertain environments. A total of 10–15 relevant studies were included and analyzed using thematic synthesis. The findings indicate that key strategies in addressing VUCA challenges include digital transformation (e.g., electronic medical records and telemedicine), adaptive and transformational leadership, agile management approaches, and patient-centered care. Digital technologies significantly improve efficiency and decision-making processes, while agile and adaptive leadership enhances organizational responsiveness and resilience. However, several studies highlight that technological advancement alone is insufficient without integrating humanistic values such as empathy, communication, and trust. In conclusion, the most effective hospital strategies in a VUCA world are those that integrate technological innovation with human-centered care. Hospitals must develop flexible, data-driven, and patient-oriented systems to ensure sustainability and competitiveness in uncertain environments. Future research should focus on longitudinal and experimental designs to strengthen causal evidence and explore the integration of digital systems with humanistic healthcare values.

The policy of increasing fuel prices is a strategic public policy that has broad implications for the lives of people in Indonesia. Fuel plays an important role in supporting economic activity, distribution of goods, and social mobility. This article aims to analyze the impact of the fuel price increase policy on public interests by emphasizing the current context in Indonesia and the empirical realities that arise in society. This study uses a qualitative approach through literature review and policy analysis. The results of the study show that the increase in fuel prices has a direct impact on the increase in the cost of living, a decline in people's purchasing power, and the emergence of social pressure, especially among low-income groups. Although the government views this policy as a rational step to maintain fiscal stability and the sustainability of energy subsidies, compensation and social protection policies remain key factors in ensuring that the public interest and the goal of community welfare are maintained.

The article titled “The Philosophical Meaning of ‘Sega Golong’ as a Form of Resolve in the Serat Babad Bendaran” aims to explain the philosophy of sega golong as a form of resolve and to describe the various forms of resolve found in the Serat Babad Bendaran as a reflection of the sega golong philosophy. This study falls under philological research, drawing its primary data from the Serat Babad Bendaran. It employs Kutha Ratna’s theory of literary anthropology. Data collection was conducted using literature review and textual analysis methods. The research methodology employed is qualitative descriptive. This study reveals that the philosophy of sega golong, as a form of resolve, is an effort or inner drive within an individual to achieve specific life goals. There are five forms of resolve in the Serat Babad Bendaran, namely courage, hard work, perseverance and initiative, and discipline. It is hoped that these forms of resolve can serve as examples in the pursuit of human life goals.

Education is a fundamental human need that plays a key role in shaping behavior and contributes to the development of a successful generation in Indonesia. However, during the learning process, teachers often encounter students who struggle to grasp the concepts being taught. This is due to the fact that each student brings unique characteristics and diverse backgrounds to the classroom. Teachers, therefore, must selec and develop various teaching materials that are suited to the individual needs of their students. The ability to tailor these materials effectively requires experience and knowledge in the development and selection of appropriate teaching tools for elementary schools. This study aims to assess the ability of elementary school teachers to manage differentiated learning, specifically through a literature review. The research will also identify how teachers approach the management of differentiated learning in the classroom and analyze the factors influencing their ability to implement this approach. By examining relevant literature, the study seeks to provide insight into the current capabilities of teachers and offer recommendations for improving the management of differentiated learning. The research employs a literature review method to gather data and draw conclusions about the best practices for managing differentiated learning in elementary school settings.

Background: Suboptimal breast milk production during the postpartum period remains a major barrier to successful exclusive breastfeeding. Various non-pharmacological interventions have been developed to address this issue, including oxytocin massage, which is believed to stimulate the release of the oxytocin hormone and facilitate milk ejection. However, findings regarding its effectiveness remain varied, highlighting the need for a comprehensive synthesis of scientific evidence. Objective: This study aims to review and synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of oxytocin massage in increasing breast milk production among postpartum mothers. Methods: A literature review with a narrative review approach was conducted using articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Garuda databases published between 2021 and 2025. Keywords included oxytocin massage, breast milk production, and postpartum mothers. Inclusion criteria were original research articles involving postpartum mothers receiving oxytocin massage interventions with full-text access. Article selection followed the PRISMA flow, resulting in 12 eligible studies analyzed narratively. Results: Most studies reported that oxytocin massage improves breast milk production and milk flow, indicated by increased milk volume, improved let-down reflex, higher breastfeeding frequency, and adequate infant intake. The effect is associated with parasympathetic stimulation that promotes oxytocin release and maternal relaxation. Conclusion: Oxytocin massage is a safe and practical complementary intervention to support breast milk production, although further studies with stronger experimental designs are needed.

The phenomenon of phubbing and extreme digital content consumption has become a new challenge in public health, especially for Generation Z, who spend up to 10 hours a day on the internet. This study aims to analyze how phubbing behavior and dependency on endurance streaming distort the quality of face-to-face social interaction and its implications for mental health determinants. The research method employed is a literature review with a critical-narrative approach. Data were collected through systematic searching of reputable scientific databases (such as Google Scholar, SINTA, and GARUDA) focusing on publications from 2021 to 2026. The analysis was conducted by synthesizing literature findings integrated with preliminary field observations to validate the phenomenon's relevance in the local context. The results reveal that snubbing others in favor of gadgets is a mechanism to escape the reciprocal emotional burden of real-life communication. Digital spaces are perceived as safer because they offer intimacy without risk, yet they systematically trigger a chronic erosion of social attention and executive dysfunction. From a public health perspective, this condition threatens social capital and community resilience. This study concludes the importance of sociopsychological interventions to restore human connection to prevent chronic emotional isolation in the future.

Pigs hold significant economic, social, and religious value in the Wamena community, becoming an integral part of their customary law. However, the Muslim minority in Wamena faces unique challenges, as they struggle to balance local traditions with Islamic law. This study aims to explore the interpretation of Ahkām verses among minority Muslims in Wamena and analyze the Islamic laws regarding the sale and purchase of pigs in this context. The research is qualitative, combining observations and literature studies. It examines the issues surrounding pig transactions in Wamena and reviews relevant Ahkām verses along with scholarly opinions. The study identifies four patterns in the religious understanding of Wamena Muslims: traditional religion, formal religion, rational religion, and a precursor method that combines traditional practices with reasoning and revelation. Tafsir Ahkām offers solutions for minority Muslims by considering the systematic approach to Ahkām verses, hadith, and the school of jurisprudence. Despite the prohibition of pigs in the Qur’an and hadith, Wamena Muslims’ engagement in pig transactions can be analyzed using fiqh aqalliyyāt principles, such as ijtihād tarjīhi and ijtihād ibdā’i, with an emphasis on gradual implementation and accommodating Islamic and customary laws for minority Muslims in Wamena.

Academic procrastination is the behavior of deliberately delaying the completion of tasks even though individuals are aware of the negative consequences for their learning outcomes. This phenomenon is commonly found among students at various educational levels, ranging from secondary school to higher education, and often results in decreased academic achievement, lower quality of completed assignments, and increased levels of academic stress among students. This condition indicates that academic procrastination has become an important issue that requires attention within the educational process. This study aims to examine self-regulation as an indicator for the early detection of academic procrastination in the context of guidance and counseling services in educational settings. The method used in this study is a literature review by analyzing various scientific journal articles relevant to the research topic. The results of the review show a consistent negative relationship between self-regulation and academic procrastination. Students who possess a high level of self-regulation tend to be more capable of managing their time, emotions, and learning motivation effectively, enabling them to be more disciplined in completing academic tasks. Conversely, low levels of self-regulation contribute to an increased tendency to delay academic tasks. These findings confirm that self-regulation can serve as a strategic indicator for early detection as well as a target for preventive interventions through guidance and counseling services in schools.

This research aims to analyze the structure and identify various forms of linguistic errors found in students’ research reports. A qualitative approach with a descriptive method was employed, using documentation studies on three different students’ research reports as the primary data. The findings indicate discrepancies in the text structure, such as unsystematic composition of the introduction, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion sections. Furthermore, various linguistic errors were identified, including spelling, punctuation, diction, ineffective sentence construction, and inconsistencies in citations and references. Other identified issues include content duplication, technical errors in word processing features, and lack of relevance in the theoretical review. The implications of this research emphasize the necessity of improving the quality of research report writing through strengthened academic writing curricula, structured mentoring, the use of reference management technology, and a disciplined scientific literacy culture. This study is expected to serve as an evaluation tool for students, lecturers, and study programs to enhance the standards of scientific writing in higher education.

This study aims to analyze the representation of the five stages of grief in the film 172 Days through a literary psychology analysis. This film is of particular interest because it is an Indonesian box office hit based on a true story that portrays both emotional and religious experiences of loss. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with the objects of analysis being visual scenes and the dialogue of the character Zira that represent the experience of grief. Data were collected through systematic observation of the film and a review of relevant literature on grief theory. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques, classifying scenes based on the stages of grief according to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross: denial, bargaining, anger, depression, and acceptance. The results indicate that the film represents the five stages of grief progressively through the main character’s emotional journey. The denial stage is evident through the denial of the illness’s condition; bargaining through prayer as a form of spiritual negotiation; anger through emotional outbursts following the loss; depression through deep sorrow and attachment to memories; and acceptance through embracing the loss and finding new meaning in life. These findings indicate that the film functions not only as a medium of entertainment but also as a psychological representation of the grieving process that is universal and reflective for the audience.

This study analyzes the implementation of the Fo Guang Shan vision in developing the talents of Buddhist followers through Dharma education, cultural preservation, and spiritual practice within a multicultural environment. In the context of globalization, Buddhist communities face challenges in maintaining spiritual identity while adapting to diverse social and cultural settings. This research aims to examine how Humanistic Buddhism is applied in talent development programs and to evaluate its relevance in multicultural contexts. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design. Data were collected through participatory observation, documentation, reflective notes, and literature review. The findings indicate that the integration of Dharma education, cultural activities, social service, and spiritual practices forms a holistic development model that balances intellectual growth, character formation, emotional maturity, and social responsibility. The implementation demonstrates that talent development is not limited to technical skills but also emphasizes ethical values and spiritual awareness. This model offers a contextual and inclusive framework that can contribute to sustainable Buddhist community development in the era of globalization.

Production is a fundamental component of economic activity that plays a strategic role in achieving human well-being. From an Islamic economic perspective, production is understood not only as a technical process aimed at creating or increasing the utility value of goods and services, but also as a manifestation of human responsibility as leaders on this earth. Using an Islamic economic interpretation of the verses of the Qur'an and hadith, this study aims to examine the concept of production in depth from an Islamic economic perspective. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, this research technique utilizes a literature review to examine Islamic economic literature and relevant interpretations, in addition to primary sources such as the Qur'an and hadith. The results show that the Qur'an and hadith provide a framework for production that integrates moral, social, and spiritual values ​​into economic activities, utilizes natural resources optimally and sustainably, and produces halal goods and services. Along with material gain, Islamic manufacturing aims to promote social justice, individual well-being, and ecological harmony. Therefore, the concept of production from an Islamic economic perspective makes economic activity a form of worship and a tool for developing well-being that adheres to the principles of Islamic law.

The conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural land continues to increase along with the pressures of urbanization, industrialization, and settlement expansion. This condition poses risks to food security, environmental sustainability, and farmer welfare. This article reviews literature based on 25 abstracts/research results on LP2B in Indonesia to map policy implementation patterns, the relationship between LP2B and regional spatial planning, inhibiting factors, and the direction of policy strengthening. The method used is a narrative review with thematic synthesis of normative legal studies, juridical-empirical, qualitative, mixed methods, and spatial-quantitative approaches. The results of the review indicate: (1) LP2B is highly dependent on the harmonization of spatial planning policies, especially RTRW/RDTR and licensing mechanisms based on KKPR-OSS; (2) many regions are still stuck at the land inventory-identification stage, not yet reaching the determination and operational protection through LP2B Regional Regulations; (3) dominant obstacles include regulatory asynchronous, weak law enforcement, minimal cross-agency coordination, limited data by name by address, suboptimal socialization, and conflicts of interest in non-agricultural development; (4) incentive-disincentive instruments have not been implemented consistently, although socially farmers tend to accept LP2B protection; and (5) quantitative evidence at the national level shows that LP2B policies have a positive effect on the percentage of rice fields, despite being suppressed by population density and real estate sector growth. This article emphasizes the need for an integrated spatial governance approach, strengthening regional institutions, and designing policies that are socially and environmentally just to ensure that LP2B is effective in maintaining regional food security.

Divorce gives rise to various legal consequences relating to the status of the parties, marital property, and the rights and obligations toward children, thereby requiring a legal mechanism that ensures legal certainty, justice, and legal protection. In practice, the parties often express their intention to divorce in the form of a Pre-Divorce Agreement Deed drawn up before a notary. This study aims to analyze the legal standing and evidentiary strength of a Pre-Divorce Agreement Deed as evidence in divorce cases decided by default judgment (verstek). The research employs a normative juridical method with a statutory approach and a case approach, focusing on the Decision of the Ngawi Religious Court Number 425/Pdt.G/2023, through a literature review of primary and secondary legal materials. The findings indicate that a Pre-Divorce Agreement Deed executed in the form of a notarial deed constitutes an authentic deed with perfect evidentiary value as written evidence in divorce proceedings. Although it cannot directly result in the dissolution of marriage, the deed is relevant to prove the existence of an agreement between the parties and the condition of a marital relationship that has irretrievably broken down. In cases decided by default judgment, the deed becomes an important basis for judicial consideration in granting the divorce petition. The implications of this study emphasize that a Pre-Divorce Agreement Deed may be lawfully and proportionately used as evidence to support the proof of grounds for divorce and to realize legal certainty in judicial proceedings.