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Political party support organizations play a crucial role in expanding the reach of party activities, particularly in the context of communication and political socialization at the local level. This study aims to examine how party support organizations carry out their political communication function, particularly in channeling and integrating community interests, while also analyzing their contribution to the political socialization process during the 2024 Legislative Elections in Central Lampung Regency. This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with 18 informants, participant observation, and documentation of organizational activities. Data analysis was conducted using an interactive model. The results indicate that party support organizations function as intermediaries between political parties and the community in establishing two-way communication. Furthermore, these organizations are able to absorb community aspirations at the local level and convey political information through a culturally and community-based approach. However, the effectiveness of this role still faces obstacles such as limited resources, low cadre capacity, and weak coordination between organizations. Furthermore, clientelism practices are still found and have the potential to reduce the quality of public political education. This study recommends strengthening organizational governance, increasing the capacity of digital-based cadres, and more systematically integrating supporting organizational networks to strengthen the institutionalization of political parties at the local level.

Culinary MSMEs play a crucial role in supporting the regional economy, including in Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. However, sole proprietorships in this sector still face significant challenges, particularly related to limited access to capital. This study aims to explore the relationship between limited capital and the sustainability of sole proprietorships in the culinary sector in Kolaka Regency, considering influencing factors such as family support, local government policies, and local market dynamics. This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation. Informants were purposively selected from sole proprietorships in the culinary sector who had been operating their businesses for at least two years. The results show that limited capital is not only a simple financial barrier but also directly impacts the business's ability to innovate, maintain product quality, expand market reach, and survive competition. Most entrepreneurs rely on personal capital and informal loans from family, while access to formal financial institutions remains very limited due to complicated administrative procedures and low financial literacy. Business sustainability is heavily influenced by personal adaptation strategies, community support, and the gradual building of customer trust. This study recommends strengthening financial literacy, simplifying credit access procedures, and enhancing local government involvement in building a more environmentally friendly business ecosystem for local culinary MSMEs.

This study aims to evaluate the impact of leadership education and training on organizational service effectiveness within the Tambrauw Regency Government, Papua. Leadership training is an important instrument in developing the competencies of Civil Servants to enhance leadership capacity, managerial skills, and public service quality. However, its implementation needs evaluation to determine its impact on organizational performance and service effectiveness. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. The analytical framework applied is the Kirkpatrick training evaluation model, covering reaction, learning, behavior, and results. Data collection was conducted through documentation studies, policy analysis, and literature review on civil servant development and public services. The results indicate that leadership training has a positive impact on improving civil servant competencies and service effectiveness. At the reaction level, participants showed high satisfaction with training materials and methods. At the learning level, there was improvement in leadership knowledge and skills. At the behavior level, participants demonstrated more professional work attitudes, better coordination, and improved decision-making. At the results level, training contributed to improved service quality, efficiency, and innovation. However, challenges remain, including limited resources, hierarchical bureaucratic culture, and weak policy support. Therefore, strong local government commitment is needed to enhance training quality and organizational support. This study contributes to public administration research and offers practical insights for policy development.

The rapid advancement of technology has brought significant changes to the field of education, requiring adjustments in the roles and competencies of educators to improve the quality of human resources. The teaching profession is no longer limited to delivering knowledge but also demands the ability to adapt to technological developments, utilize digital tools, and create innovative and relevant learning experiences. This study aims to examine the challenges faced by the education profession in improving the quality of human resources and to identify strategies that can be implemented to address these challenges. This research employs a literature review method by analyzing ten relevant scientific articles using a descriptive qualitative approach. The findings reveal several major challenges, including limited teacher competence and professionalism, constraints in the use of technology, weaknesses in human resource management in education, and the lack of optimal training and professional development programs. In addition, disparities in access and readiness for digital transformation also hinder the improvement of educational quality. The results suggest that improving the quality of human resources through education requires a comprehensive approach, including strengthening teacher competencies, providing continuous professional development, improving educational management, and ensuring adaptive policy support. Therefore, the education profession is expected to play a crucial role as a driving force in producing competent, high-quality human resources who are well prepared to face future challenges.

In the era of digital transformation, the utilization of information technology in business activities has become an important factor in improving operational efficiency and effectiveness. Dzikri Baby Shop, a business engaged in the sale of baby equipment, still faces challenges in managing sales transactions and inventory manually, which may lead to recording errors, process delays, and less optimal customer service. This study aims to design and develop a sales information system for Dzikri Baby Shop to support digital transformation in its business processes. The system development method used in this research is Rapid Application Development (RAD), as it enables software to be developed in a relatively short time through an iterative approach and active user involvement. The system developed includes product data management, sales transaction processing, inventory control, and report generation. The testing results using the Black Box Testing method show that all system features function in accordance with user requirements. Therefore, the implementation of this sales information system is expected to improve operational efficiency, accelerate transaction processes, minimize errors in data management, and enhance the quality of customer service.

The rapid growth of digital marketing has increased the demand for a competent workforce, while many vocational school teachers still face limitations in both theoretical understanding and practical implementation of digital marketing practices. This community service program aimed to strengthen the digital marketing competencies of 15 teachers at SMKN 1 Purwokerto through workshops facilitated by certified lecturers and industry practitioners. The program applied a participatory and collaborative approach consisting of needs analysis, workshop sessions, curriculum realignment, industry-based module development, and continuous mentoring over six months. The findings showed significant improvements in teachers’ competencies, with an 82.6% increase in digital marketing comprehension scores, rising from 45.3 to 82.6. In addition, all participating teachers successfully mastered innovative lesson planning and the implementation of digital marketing tools in classroom learning. The program also produced eight validated industry-based learning modules, exceeding the initial target. Furthermore, 87% of teachers who were interested in professional certification successfully obtained certification. The results indicate that collaboration between academics and industry practitioners effectively enhances vocational teachers’ competencies and provides a replicable model for improving the quality and industry relevance of vocational education in the digital era.

This research aims to describe the application of the Jigsaw learning method in increasing students' interest in learning in Catholic Religious Education. This research is based on the fact that the application of monotonous teaching methods tends to result in low student engagement in the learning process, which in turn affects their interest in learning. In this context, the Jigsaw method is viewed as one of the cooperative learning alternatives that can encourage students learn actively, responsibly, and collaboratively in groups. In this study, a qualitative descriptive approach was used through a literature review. Data were obtained through the study various relevant bibliographic sources, and then analysed descriptively through the stages of collection, selection, classification, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The research shows that the Jigsaw learning method can increase students' interest in learning, as this method encourages students to be more active in the learning process, more responsible in understanding and conveying the material, and more capable of collaborating with their peers. The Jigsaw method also contributes to the creation of a more dynamic, participatory, and meaningful learning atmosphere. Therefore, the Jigsaw learning method is a strategic alternative that should be implemented to improve the quality of Catholic Religious Education.

This study aims to evaluate the quality of public services at the Department of Population and Civil Registration of West Sumba Regency following the implementation of digitalization through the use of electronic signatures. A quantitative approach was employed, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents. Data analysis was conducted using the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method to identify gaps between the level of importance and service performance. The results indicate that, overall, service quality can be categorized as fairly good, as reflected by performance levels that are relatively close to public expectations. However, several service attributes remain in the priority quadrant, particularly in terms of system usability, service stability, and accessibility. Meanwhile, attributes such as service speed, data security, and staff responsiveness demonstrate satisfactory performance and should be maintained. These findings suggest that the implementation of electronic signatures has improved service efficiency and effectiveness, although further improvements are still required, particularly in technical aspects and system usability. Therefore, continuous improvement efforts are necessary to enhance public service quality, making it more responsive and oriented toward user satisfaction.

This community service program aims to enhance teachers’ competence in developing Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)-based assessment items to support improved performance in the Computer-Based National Assessment (ANBK) at SMP Negeri Kletek. The main problem faced by the partner school is the limited understanding of teachers in designing assessment instruments that measure higher-order thinking skills, as well as insufficient ability to develop literacy- and numeracy-oriented questions aligned with ANBK characteristics. This condition has resulted in suboptimal learning evaluation quality and limited student readiness for national assessment. The program employed a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach, emphasizing the active involvement of participants throughout all stages. The implementation included the planning stage through needs assessment and problem identification, the action stage through training and mentoring in HOTS-based item development, the observation stage through evaluation of participants’ work, and the reflection stage to identify achievements and challenges. Data were collected using pre-test and post-test, observation, and reflective discussions. The results indicate an improvement in teachers’ understanding and skills in developing HOTS-based items, as reflected in higher post-test scores. Teachers were able to design competency-based blueprints, contextual stimuli, and analytical, evaluative, and creative questions. This program effectively strengthens teachers’ professional competence and school readiness for ANBK.

This study aims to develop a web-based Electronic Medical Record (EMR) application to improve the efficiency and accuracy of patient data recording at Elopada Community Health Center. The research adopts a system development approach using the waterfall model, including requirements analysis, system design, implementation, and testing. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The developed system was evaluated using Black Box Testing to verify the conformity between input and output without considering internal program structures. The results indicate that the EMR system enhances data processing speed, improves recording accuracy, and facilitates access to patient information. These findings are consistent with prior studies showing that EMR implementation improves the quality and efficiency of clinical documentation . Therefore, the proposed system is considered feasible to support the advancement of digital healthcare services.

The election of regional heads is a form of democratic implementation that requires the active participation of the community as voters. However, in its implementation, various obstacles are still found such as low voter participation, limited access to information, and lack of efficiency in the conventional voting process. This research aims to develop an online-based regional head election information system as a solution to increase voter participation through the use of digital technology. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with a Waterfall system development model which includes the stages of needs analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and evaluation. The developed system provides features of voter registration, candidate information, online voting process, and real-time recapitulation of vote results. The system test is carried out using the Black Box Testing method and shows that all system functions are running according to the user's needs. The results of this study show that the implementation of an online-based election information system can provide easy access, increase transparency, and encourage community involvement, especially young voters, in the process of electing regional heads. Thus, this system has the potential to become a digital innovation that supports improving the quality of local democracy.

This study aims to design and develop a waste complaint information system at the Environmental Agency of West Sumba Regency to improve the effectiveness of public services. The current problem lies in the manual complaint process, which leads to delays in handling reports, poor data documentation, and limited service transparency. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The system development adopts the Waterfall method, which consists of requirement analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and maintenance stages. The system is modeled using Unified Modeling Language (UML), including use case diagrams, activity diagrams, and sequence diagrams to provide a structured representation of the system. This approach is considered effective as it ensures a systematic and well-organized development process. The results indicate that the developed system facilitates the public in submitting complaints online and assists the agency in managing complaint data in an integrated manner. Furthermore, the system enhances response time, transparency, and service efficiency. Therefore, this waste complaint information system can serve as a technological solution to improve the quality of public services.

This study aims to improve students’ learning activities and learning outcomes through the implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in the fuel injection system material for twelfth-grade Ototronik students. The background of this research is the low level of student participation and learning outcomes in the classroom. This research employed Classroom Action Research with two cycles involving 34 students. Data were collected using observation sheets to measure students’ learning activities and tests to assess learning outcomes. The results showed a significant improvement in both aspects. In the first cycle, 73.52% of students demonstrated active participation, which increased to 97.02% in the second cycle. Meanwhile, students’ average learning outcomes improved from 65.15 in the pre-cycle to 72.20 in the first cycle and reached 77.35 in the second cycle. These findings indicate that the implementation of the PBL model effectively enhances student engagement and academic achievement. Therefore, the PBL model can be used as an alternative teaching strategy to improve learning quality in vocational education, particularly in automotive subjects.  

The hospitality industry is a strategic sector within the global tourism system that heavily depends on service quality and food safety assurance. In hotel operations, the pastry division represents a high-risk unit due to the use of perishable ingredients and intensive manual handling processes. This study aims to analyze the implementation of hygiene and sanitation practices in the Pastry Division of Hotel Aruss Semarang in supporting food safety standards within the hospitality industry. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis, including Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), sanitation checklists, and temperature control records. Data validity was strengthened through triangulation and member checking, while thematic analysis was used to identify key implementation patterns. The findings indicate that the implementation of personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) has generally complied with most of the requirements of Good Processed Food Manufacturing Practices (CPPOB). The availability of sanitation facilities, periodic medical check-ups, equipment maintenance, and FIFO-based storage systems demonstrate management commitment to preventive risk control. However, inconsistencies in handwashing practices and minor construction details that do not fully meet hygienic design standards indicate areas requiring improvement. Overall, hygiene and sanitation implementation in the Pastry Division has been effective in supporting food safety. Strengthening behavioral compliance, continuous training, and facility optimization are recommended to achieve a more sustainable and comprehensive food safety management system.

Textile motifs are works that employ designs created through various techniques. One method of creating textile motifs is the gesek godong technique. This technique is a traditional method in textile design that uniquely uses dried leaves as natural materials to transfer leaf patterns. In this study, the gesek godong technique will be developed using different tools: a wooden rolling pin, a wooden cutting board, and PVC pipe. This study aims to explore the creation of innovative and creative textile motifs using the gesek godong technique. It also seeks to understand the process of creating textile motifs through the gesek godong method using the 4D R&D approach. The findings show that the gesek godong technique can be used to create unique and appealing textile motifs, using leaves as the primary material and different rubbing tools such as a wooden rolling pin, wooden cutting board, and PVC pipe. In addition, this study also discusses how to use each of the rubbing tools. The results from each tool show distinct outcomes, each producing motifs with their own unique quality. In applying the gesek godong technique, one can also select leaves with thick veins to achieve well-defined motifs. In addition to using leaves with thick veins, the coloring technique should avoid excess moisture, so the dye does not spread too much.

Formal education systems are often trapped in rigid standardization that actually shackles students' creativity and personal uniqueness. This issue raises questions about the extent to which individual freedom is accommodated in modern curricula that tend to be pragmatic. Departing from this issue, this study aims to explore the relevance of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Romanticism which prioritizes affection and the general will in the context of education. Rousseau argued that the development of science and culture often acts as a chain that restrains humans, thus he proposed the concept of natural education that allows children's instincts to develop freely without damaging cultural intervention. Using qualitative methods based on literature review, this research identified a strong common ground between Rousseau's vision and Indonesia's Freedom to Learn policy. The study reveals that both share a common philosophical foundation: restoring educational sovereignty to institutions and students, allowing them to independently develop their potential, talents, and interests. Therefore, synchronizing Rousseau's ideas with Freedom to Learn serves as a crucial foundation for creating a higher-quality and more humane national education ecosystem.

This qualitative literature review explores how bounty size, strategic thresholds, and regulatory effectiveness shape the design and outcomes of whistleblowing mechanisms. By synthesizing empirical and theoretical insights from leading accounting and finance journals, the study identifies three interrelated findings: first, that larger bounty rewards increase reporting volume but may reduce signal quality; second, that insiders’ reporting thresholds are influenced by retaliation risk, compensation incentives, and perceived enforcement credibility; and third, that regulatory backlogs and discretion can distort the intended deterrent effect of whistleblowing policies. The review highlights the need for a holistic design approach that integrates incentive alignment with institutional capacity and protection mechanisms. Limitations in jurisdictional generalizability, demographic heterogeneity, and the evolving role of digital reporting platforms are also discussed. Recommendations for future research include examining whistleblowing in non-U.S. contexts, integrating organizational culture, and assessing the role of emerging technologies

Ship berthing and departure planning is one of the crucial aspects in supporting the operational effectiveness of shipping companies. This study aims to analyze the important role of planners in ship berthing and departure activities in supporting marketing activities at PT. Nusantara Pasifik Sentosa Belawan. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative approach through observation and documentation study. The findings indicate that well-planned and coordinated ship berthing and departure activities provide a significant contribution to customer satisfaction, delivery punctuality, and the company’s image in the eyes of business partners. Effective planning also helps the company maintain service reliability and improve operational efficiency in port activities. However, several obstacles were identified, including lack of coordination between departments, limited information flow, and schedule disruptions caused by external factors such as weather conditions and port congestion. These challenges can affect the smoothness of operational activities and indirectly influence the company’s marketing performance. Therefore, strategies are required to improve human resource competencies, enhance digital communication systems, and strengthen cross-sector collaboration. With a well-structured planning system, PT.Nusantara Pasifik Sentosa is expected to improve its service quality and increase its competitiveness in the national shipping industry.

Public service quality serves as a crucial metric for assessing how well the government meets the needs and expectations of the community. Within public administration, the effectiveness of public services indicates the government's capability to deliver governance that is open, responsible, and focused on the citizens. In Indonesia, one tool for gauging public service effectiveness is the Community Satisfaction Index (Indeks Kepuasan Masyarakat/IKM). This research seeks to examine how community satisfaction in public services is measured by identifying various service components and the approach used to compute the IKM. A descriptive qualitative research method is employed, utilizing a literature review. Information was gathered from books, academic journals, government regulations, and other scholarly materials relevant to public service quality and community satisfaction. The results reveal that the IKM measurement system offers a comprehensive framework for assessing the performance of public services based on several aspects, including service requirements, processes, completion time, costs, the skills and conduct of service personnel, and available facilities. Additionally, the findings demonstrate that enhancements in service quality, transparency, and the responsiveness of public organizations greatly affect community satisfaction levels. As a result, ongoing assessments of public services through the IKM framework are vital for improving governance effectiveness, boosting service delivery, and reinforcing public confidence in government agencies.

This study is motivated by the low level of students’ learning concentration in the classroom, which is reflected in behaviors such as drowsiness, lack of focus, and limited participation during learning activities. These conditions are generally caused by less varied teaching methods and a lack of activities that actively engage students. Therefore, this study aims to examine the use of brain gym–based ice breaking activities to reduce drowsiness and improve students’ concentration. The method employed in this research is a literature review, involving the analysis of various relevant academic sources, including journals, books, and research articles. The findings indicate that integrating ice breaking activities with brain gym techniques has a positive impact on the learning process. This approach is shown to enhance concentration, memory, and students’ readiness to learn. In addition, the simple movements in brain gym can help increase oxygen flow to the brain, making students feel more refreshed and focused. In conclusion, brain gym–based ice breaking can serve as an effective, innovative, and enjoyable instructional strategy to improve the quality of teaching and learning in the classroom.