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Preoperative anxiety can lead to increased blood pressure, accelerated heart rate, and bleeding. One of the non-pharmacological interventions that can be provided is dhikr therapy, particularly tahlil dhikr (repeated recitation of La ilaha illallah). This study aims to determine the effect of tahlil dhikr on reducing anxiety in preoperative patients. This research is a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental design, using a one-group pretest-posttest approach. Data collection was conducted from May 22 to May 27, 2025, at Meuraxa Hospital. The population in this study consisted of 270 patients scheduled for surgery at Meuraxa Hospital, Banda Aceh, with a sample of 73 respondents selected through random sampling. The research instruments used were the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Tahlil Dhikr Therapy and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) questionnaire, which had a Cronbach’s Alpha score between 0.6 – 0.7 and was considered reliable with a result > 0.6. The results showed a decrease in the intensity of anxiety after the administration of tahlil dhikr. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test showed a p-value = 0.000 (≤ 0.05), indicating a significant effect of tahlil dhikr on reducing preoperative anxiety among patients at Meuraxa Hospital, Banda Aceh. The study recommends the integration of tahlil dhikr as an alternative method for reducing anxiety in preoperative patients.

Fine motor skills in preschool children begin to develop, where they can use their fingers to write, draw, and so on. The developmental stages of each child are the same, namely the maturation of motor organs. At this age, it is seen as a very important phase because an individual experiences very rapid development. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a combination of finger painting and origami activities on the fine motor development of children aged 4-6 years at Cikal Depok Kindergarten in 2025. The research method used in this study was a Quasy experiment design with one group pre-test-posttest. Data analysis was obtained using a non-parametric test of marginal homogeneity with a p-value of 0.007 <0.05, meaning there is an effect of the combination of finger painting and origami activities on the fine motor development of children aged 4-6 years at Cikal Depok Kindergarten in 2025. The conclusion is that finger painting and origami can provide a stimulus for the motor development of children aged 4-6 years. Suggestion: Children's developmental stages can be stimulated with various other teaching aids, finger painting and origami are effective teaching aids.

The prevalence of non-communicable degenerative diseases in Indonesia continues to rise, particularly affecting adolescents and productive age populations due to unhealthy lifestyle patterns and free radical exposure. Purple sweet potato leaves (Ipomoea batatas L.), a locally abundant resource often regarded merely as agricultural by-product, contain significant bioactive compounds including polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and terpenoids demonstrating potent antioxidant properties with IC50 values of 47.99 ppm. This study employs a qualitative descriptive literature review approach, analyzing 28 scientific publications spanning 2018-2025 sourced from Google Scholar and PubMed databases to examine the potential of purple sweet potato leaves as effervescent tablet raw material for degenerative disease prevention. Findings reveal that bioactive constituents effectively neutralize free radicals, prevent lipid peroxidation, and protect cellular structures from oxidative damage linked to diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disorders. The effervescent tablet formulation provides strategic advantages including enhanced solubility, accelerated absorption rates due to elimination of disintegration processes, pleasant carbonation sensation masking unpleasant active ingredient taste, and superior gastrointestinal tolerance. This innovation offers promising prospects for degenerative disease prevention through local food resource utilization, though experimental validation regarding optimal formulation, effective dosage determination, and clinical efficacy assessment remains necessary for practical implementation.

Appendicitis is inflammation and obstruction of the vermiform appendix and is the most common cause of acute abdomen. A surgical wound is said to be infected if the wound discharges pus or pus and is likely infected if it shows signs of inflammation or discharges serous discharge. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of modern wound care dressing tribee ointment on preventing infection in wound healing after laparotomy exploration appendectomy at Yarsi Cempaka Putih Hospital. The method in this study was pre-experiment one group pre-test and post-test. The population and sample were 18 respondents. The results of the study showed the effect of modern wound care dressing tribee ointment in preventing infection in wound healing in patients after laparotomy exploration appendectomy at Yarsi Cempaka Putih Hospital with a p value of 0.000 <0.05. The conclusion is that there is an effect of modern wound care dressing tribee ointment in preventing infection in wound healing in patients after laparotomy exploration appendectomy.

This study aims to explain how to instill character values ​​through extracurricular drumband activities at SD N 2 Musuk, located in Boyolali Regency. The rationale behind this research is because extracurricular activities are important in shaping students' character in accordance with the institution's vision and mission. The method applied in this study is descriptive qualitative. As research subjects, there are 45 students from grades 4, 5, and 6, and involving the principal, teachers, and coaches as sources of information. Data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation, which were then analyzed descriptively through data reduction, information presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research findings indicate that character instillation is carried out through a well-planned program and regular, scheduled practice. The character values ​​that were successfully instilled include discipline, responsibility, hard work, independence, collaboration, as well as religious attitudes and tolerance. The results of this activity are increased self-confidence and social skills of students, as well as the achievement of non-academic achievements that are a source of pride for the school.

This study aims to analyze visitors’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) and to estimate the economic value in supporting the development of Gunung Meja Nature Tourism Park (TWA) as a conservation area. This study employed the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) with a total of 156 respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative methods to obtain the average WTP value and its distribution. The results showed that the average WTP of visitors was IDR 19,300 per person, with the highest distribution in the range of IDR 10,000–30,000 and a dominant value of IDR 20,000 (23%). The estimated economic value of the area based on WTP reached IDR 3,939,245,800 per year, which is higher than the actual revenue of IDR 2,755,431,000 per year. The difference of IDR 1,183,814,800 indicates a potential increase in revenue through tariff adjustment. These findings indicate that visitors have a higher willingness to pay compared to the current tariff. Therefore, the WTP value can be used as a basis for determining optimal tariff policies to support sustainable management of conservation areas and to maintain their ecological functions.

Multicollinearity is one of the common issues in multiple linear regression that can lead to instability in the estimation of regression coefficients. This study aims to examine the impact of multicollinearity on regression models and to evaluate the use of Ridge Regression as an alternative estimation method. The study employs simulated data consisting of 1,000 observations, including one dependent variable and four independent variables designed to exhibit high correlation. The analysis begins with model estimation using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, followed by multicollinearity testing using the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF). The OLS results indicate that most independent variables significantly influence the dependent variable, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.9863. However, the high VIF values reveal the presence of strong multicollinearity in the model. To address this issue, Ridge Regression is applied, with the optimal penalty parameter determined through cross-validation, yielding a lambda value of 4.201589. The results show that the regression coefficients in the Ridge model undergo shrinkage, resulting in greater stability compared to the OLS estimates. Model evaluation indicates that the Mean Squared Error (MSE) for the OLS model is 24.77, whereas the Ridge model produces an MSE of 29.72. Although the Ridge model exhibits a slightly higher MSE, it effectively mitigates the impact of multicollinearity and provides more stable parameter estimates.

The study aims to analyze in greater depth the influence of work motivation and employee loyalty on employee performance at PT ABC. This research employs a quantitative approach with an explanatory design intended to systematically explain the relationships among variables. Data were collected through the distribution of questionnaires using a Likert scale (1–5) to employees with a minimum of one year of tenure, as they are considered to have an adequate understanding of organizational conditions. Data analysis was conducted using the Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method with the assistance of SmartPLS 4 software to obtain more accurate and comprehensive results. The findings indicate that all research indicators have met the established validity and reliability criteria. The structural model test shows that work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance (β = 0.207; p = 0.007), and employee loyalty also has a positive and significant effect (β = 0.718; p = 0.000). The R-square value of 0.753 indicates that both variables are able to explain 75.3% of the variation in employee performance. These findings emphasize that work motivation and employee loyalty play important roles in improving performance, with loyalty being the most dominant factor influencing employee performance.

This research examines the comparison between Aristotelian Logic and Modern Logic from the perspective of Islamic education. It aims to understand their concepts, significant differences, the perspective of Islamic education, and their contribution to critical thinking. The study employs a philosophical-comparative approach. The findings indicate that Aristotelian Logic, with its deductive approach and syllogism, emphasizes universal truth and coherence. In contrast, Modern Logic focuses on symbolic formalism and empirical verification. Islamic education views logic as an epistemological tool to harmonize reason (`aql) and revelation (naql). The analysis reveals that integrating both logical systems is not only possible but also strategic. Their synthesis gives rise to "tawhidic rationality," a paradigm that combines analytical rigor with spiritual awareness. This integrative model significantly contributes to forming holistic critical thinking skills, where learners are not only intellectually proficient but also grounded in Islamic ethical and spiritual values. Consequently, this study provides a foundation for developing a more relevant Islamic education curriculum.

This study aims to describe and analyze the implementation of life skills-based Islamic education management at the Al-Hidayah Integrated Islamic Boarding School in Jambi Province. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach, combining observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies to obtain a comprehensive overview of the ongoing managerial process. The results indicate that the implementation of life skills-based Islamic education management is carried out through four main management functions: planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating. Each function is designed to integrate Islamic values ​​with the development of skills relevant to the students' lives. The Islamic boarding school emphasizes strengthening personal, social, academic, and vocational skills, systematically integrated into the curriculum and activities. This approach not only enhances practical skills but also fosters religious character, independence, and prepares students to face the demands of the modern era. These findings confirm that effective and targeted educational management is key to developing a competent and competitive generation of students.  

This research is motivated by the urgency of effective Islamic Education Management (MPI) as a prerequisite for enhancing the role of Islamic Education (PAI) teachers in shaping students’ religious character amid the challenges of digitalization and institutional coordination constraints. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of MPI experienced by PAI teachers, the interaction among stakeholders, and the teachers’ perceptions of its effectiveness at PKPPS Minhajurrosyidin, East Jakarta. Using a descriptive qualitative method with a case study and phenomenological approach, data were collected through triangulation (interviews, observations, and document studies) and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The findings indicate that MPI is an essential structural mediating variable. The optimization of MPI—particularly in terms of digital facility support and professional training—significantly enhances the effectiveness of PAI teachers as Uswah Hasanah and as facilitators of adaptive and scientific learning. However, the main obstacle lies in the lack of horizontal coordination among teachers in holistically integrating Values-Based Education. The implications of this study emphasize the need for formal managerial policies to ensure collective responsibility in character formation.

This paper explores the role of Mary as a model of salvation in Catholic faith, focusing on the understanding of Mariology within the cultural context of the Ende-Lio people in Flores, East Nusa Tenggara. Mary is regarded not only as the Mother of Jesus Christ but also as an example of faith marked by humility, obedience, and hope. Her humility and willingness to accept God’s will, especially in the Annunciation, serve as a concrete inspiration for Catholics to respond faithfully to God’s call. Within the Ende-Lio culture, which values loyalty, solidarity, respect for ancestors, and harmony with nature, Mary becomes a figure closely connected to daily life. Devotions such as the rosary, pilgrimages to Marian grottoes, and the celebration of the Marian months highlight Mary’s living presence in both the faith and cultural traditions of the community. Thus, Mary serves as a bridge between the Gospel and local culture, revealing a Church that is rooted in its own soil yet remains faithful to Christ. This reflection affirms that contextual faith is a living faith deeply rooted in local culture while open to the saving work of God.

The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has driven numerous innovations in wireless communications that not only demand technical efficiency but also raise philosophical questions about the nature of scientific knowledge. One such innovation is Physical Layer Network Coding (PLNC), a communication technique that utilizes signal interference as a source of information to enhance system performance. This paper examines the philosophical dimensions of science within PLNC, focusing on three fundamental aspects: ontology, epistemology, and axiology. Ontologically, PLNC represents a new paradigm in wireless communication that reinterprets interference not merely as noise but as an opportunity. Epistemologically, knowledge of PLNC is derived through scientific methods such as mathematical modeling, experimentation, and simulation—yielding intersubjective and verifiable truths. Axiologically, PLNC holds practical value in terms of energy efficiency, data reliability, and contributions to the sustainability of IoT ecosystems, while also raising ethical considerations regarding privacy and information security. Thus, this study demonstrates that the development of PLNC cannot be separated from philosophical reflection, emphasizing the profound interconnection between technological advancement, scientific methodology, and human values.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in Indonesia's economy but face significant challenges in maintaining consistent and sustainable performance amidst changing market dynamics. This study aims to explore how self-efficacy and entrepreneurial motivation influence MSME performance in Malang City using an exploratory phenomenological qualitative approach. Twelve informants with at least two years of business experience and active operations were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, analyzed using an inductive approach, and processed until data saturation was reached. The study found that MSME actors' self-efficacy is shaped by accumulated real experiences, including both successes and failures, which contribute to meaningful learning. Entrepreneurial motivation rooted in personal values was found to be stronger and more enduring than extrinsic motivation. The study identified a cyclical interaction between self-efficacy and motivation, reinforcing each other in fostering adaptive entrepreneurial behavior. Additionally, external factors such as family support, entrepreneurial communities, and government programs play a significant role in sustaining these psychological factors. This research contributes to entrepreneurship literature and offers practical recommendations for stakeholders to design more holistic MSME empowerment programs with tangible impact.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Papua Special Autonomy policy in improving the welfare of indigenous communities by reviewing the achievement of policy objectives, integration and coordination between institutions, and policy adaptation to the socio-cultural conditions of the local community. The approach used is qualitative with the Qualitative Secondary Analysis (QSA) method, utilizing various secondary data sources such as policy documents, government reports, and relevant research and academic journals. The results of the study indicate that the Papua Special Autonomy policy was designed as an affirmative policy aimed at accelerating regional development, improving community welfare, and recognizing the rights of indigenous communities. This policy has produced several positive results, especially in increasing regional fiscal allocations, developing infrastructure, and expanding community access to education and health services. In addition, the establishment of special institutions such as the Papuan People's Assembly provides space for the representation of indigenous people's culture in the regional government system. However, the study also shows that the Special Autonomy policy faces several challenges, including suboptimal inter-institutional coordination, limited institutional capacity of local governments in managing Special Autonomy funds, and the incomplete integration of indigenous socio-cultural values ​​in the planning and implementation of development programs. Therefore, strengthening policy governance, increasing accountability in fund management, and expanding indigenous community participation are crucial factors in enhancing the effectiveness of Papua's Special Autonomy policy. This research provides theoretical contributions to public policy development, particularly in the context of implementing asymmetric decentralization and culture-based development policies.

This study aims to determine the effect of adding Buton Asphalt on the mechanical properties of Asphalt Concrete – Wearing Course (AC-WC) mixtures based on Marshall test parameters. The variations of asphalt content used were 0%, 2%, and 5%. Each variation was tested using the Marshall method to obtain the values of Stability, Flow, Void in Mix (VIM), Void in Mineral Aggregate (VMA), Void Filled with Asphalt (VFA), and Marshall Quotient (MQ). The results show that the addition of Buton Asphalt affects the improvement of the mixture characteristics. The highest stability value was obtained at 5% Buton Asphalt content, which was 1,074 kg, while the lowest flow value was also found at 5%, which was 2.48 mm, indicating that the mixture becomes stiffer and more stable. The VIM value decreased from 4.7% at 0% content to 4.2% at 5% content, indicating that the air voids in the mixture became smaller. The VMA value also decreased from 16.2% at 0%, 15.8% at 2%, and 15.1% at 5%, while the VFA value increased from 71% to 72.18%. The highest Marshall Quotient (MQ) value was obtained at 5% Buton Asphalt content, which was 433 kg/mm, indicating that the mixture has better stiffness and resistance to deformation. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the addition of 5% Buton Asphalt provides the best mixture characteristics for the AC-WC layer.

This study examines the integration of Christian values into the Merdeka Curriculum for Christian Religious Education (PAK) in junior high schools (SMP), focusing on the challenges and strategies for its implementation. The Merdeka Curriculum, introduced in 2022, offers flexibility in instructional design; however, its implementation in the field of PAK requires specific adaptations to maintain the relevance of Christian values such as love, justice, and responsibility. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using library research combined with empirical content analysis of various case studies in Indonesian Christian schools. The findings indicate that the primary challenges include resource constraints, the readiness of PAK teachers, technological infrastructure gaps, and the influence of secular digital culture. Effective strategies include the development of a contextual curriculum based on Christian values, the utilization of digital technology in learning, the enhancement of teachers’ professional competencies, and collaboration between schools, families, and churches. The implications of this study suggest that the integration of Christian values into the Merdeka Curriculum can foster the holistic character of junior high school students, equipping them with integrity, resilience, and the ability to face the challenges of the digital age.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of play-based methods in Physical Education, Sports, and Health (PJOK) learning for sixth-grade students at Pelangi Elementary School. The background of this study is the decline in movement motivation in upper-grade students due to excessive focus on academic workload. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of participatory observation and in-depth interviews with key informants. The results of the study indicate that the integration of structured games in the Lesson Implementation Plan (RPP) can improve motor coordination and students' social values. In addition, modifications to game tools and rules provide creative solutions to overcome the limitations of existing facilities. The conclusion of the study confirms that the play-based approach functions not only as a recreational activity but also as an effective formal instructional method to achieve curriculum targets holistically, supporting students' physical and social development simultaneously. This approach is expected to be implemented more widely in schools to improve the quality of PJOK learning.

The performance of asphalt mixtures is strongly influenced by the composition of their constituent materials, particularly aggregate size and mixing temperature during production. In many tropical and subtropical regions, asphalt pavements frequently experience rutting, reduced stability, and changes in viscoelastic properties due to high environmental temperatures and heavy traffic loads. These conditions can significantly affect pavement durability, making it essential to produce asphalt mixtures that meet established technical standards. This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in aggregate size distribution and mixing temperature on the Marshall characteristics of Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC) mixtures. The research employs the Marshall test method to evaluate the load-bearing capacity and stability of hot asphalt mixtures and to assess their compliance with ASTM/SNI standards. The results indicate that mixtures with standard aggregate gradation achieve stability values of 985 kg at 120°C, 1055 kg at 140°C, and 1107 kg at 160°C. As mixing temperature increases, flow values decrease, while the Marshall Quotient (MQ) increases, indicating improved stiffness. Higher temperatures also enhance compaction, reducing VIM and VMA while increasing VFA. Conversely, non-standard aggregate gradations result in several parameters failing to meet ASTM/SNI requirements, confirming that standard gradation produces superior asphalt performance.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a strategic role in promoting economic growth and improving community welfare, particularly at the regional level. In Nagekeo Regency, the ikat weaving craft sector represents an important local economic potential that also carries significant cultural value. However, weaving entrepreneurs still face several challenges, including limited business capital, restricted market access, and low utilization of digital technology for product marketing. This study aims to analyze the role of the Department of Cooperatives, Industry, and Trade of Nagekeo Regency in empowering MSME actors, particularly ikat weaving groups. The research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. The study involved 18 informants consisting of local government officials, MSME actors, and institutional partners selected through purposive sampling. Data collection techniques included observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, while data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the department performs facilitative, educative, and technical roles in empowering weaving groups through production training, digital marketing assistance, provision of business facilities, and technical guidance on product innovation. These programs contribute to improving weavers’ skills, product quality, and market opportunities, although their implementation still faces limitations related to budget constraints and uneven program coverage.