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The rise of Anxiety among adolescents to adults greatly affects their daily activities. Anxiety is a natural emotional response to pressure or situations that are perceived as threatening. This work aims to visualize the condition of anxiety as a form of mental illness that is often ignored, especially among teenagers and adults. Using stencil print graphic art technique, this work tries to express the symptoms of anxiety through visual symbols, such as facial expressions and objects that support the impression. The process of creating this work involves in-depth observation and literature review to enrich the understanding of the concept of anxiety. The author hopes that through this work, people can better understand the complexity and impact of anxiety, and the importance of maintaining mental health. This work is also expected to be a learning tool for the public in understanding mental issues.    

Respect for ancestors is a key aspect of Chinese culture, expressed through the practice of Kong Tek, a ritual ceremony that includes prayers, offerings, and the burning of symbolic items to support the well-being of ancestral spirits in the afterlife. In contrast, Christian theology emphasizes salvation through faith in Jesus Christ and prohibits practices that involve contact with spirits. This journal analyzes the differences and similarities between Christian teachings and Kong Tek practices and offers advice for Chinese Christians in balancing their faith and culture.

This study examines the transformation of mihrab design in contemporary mosque architecture in the modern era through a literature review approach. The mihrab, as an essential element in mosque architecture that marks the direction of the qibla, has undergone significant evolution in its design and application alongside the development of contemporary architecture. Using a descriptive qualitative research method, this study analyzes various sources of literature related to the development of mihrab design, including academic journals, books, and architectural documents. The findings of the study reveal that the transformation of mihrab design not only involves visual changes but also a reinterpretation of deeper symbolic and philosophical meanings. While there are views questioning the compatibility of contemporary designs with Islamic values, this study finds that innovations in mihrab design enrich the architectural heritage of Islam by creating a new visual language that still honors its essential function as a marker of the qibla direction. This research contributes to understanding how Islamic architecture can adapt to modernity while preserving its spiritual values.

This training aims to improve the competence of Fatoni University Thailand (FTU) lecturers in developing Indonesian language teaching materials for foreign speakers with a focus on Javanese culture and traditions. The dedication team consisted of 3 lecturers from Sebelas Maret University, one lecturer from Fatoni University, and three students from Sebelas Maret University. The training was held at Fatoni University, Thailand on 31 May – 7 June 2023. The training participants were Fatoni University lecturers who taught Indonesian for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) at the Malay Language Faculty. The training is carried out in 3 major stages, namely: the preparation stage, the implementation stage, and the evaluation stage. During the training, participants are provided with a comprehensive understanding of Javanese culture and traditions, including values, traditional ceremonies, special foods, traditional clothing, customs, and relevant cultural symbols. The trainees are actively involved in group work sessions, where they design Indonesian language teaching materials with Javanese cultural and traditional themes. They use their knowledge and creativity to plan engaging lessons and focus on cultural content. The evaluation results show that this training succeeded in increasing the competence of lecturers in developing teaching materials based on Javanese culture and traditions. This training provides a solid foundation for Fatoni University to continue to develop an Indonesian Language learning program for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) based on culture and tradition. Fatoni University lecturers who have participated in this training are expected to be able to apply teaching materials based on Javanese culture and traditions in learning, provide a more authentic and interesting learning experience for Indonesian Language students for Foreign Speakers (BIPA).

This article explores how Emily Dickinson uses figurative language in her poem “Hope is the Thing with Feathers.” Using qualitative descriptive analysis methods, this research delves into how Emily Dickinson employs figurative language in her poem. various forms of Figurative Language contained in the poetry, such as Metaphor, Personification, Irony, Symbolism and Hyperbole was found in the poem. Research findings show that Dickinson’s use of Figurative language deepens the poem’s meaning and emotional impact, potraying hope as a pure force that seeks no reward and remains within the human soul, even in toughest of times. The authors identified five types of figurative languages in the poem; metaphor, personification, irony, symbolism, and hyperbole. This provides an in-depth look at how Figurative Language is use to depict abstract themes creatively and enhance the emotional effect on the reader.

This study examines the application of digital hand lettering combined with orchid floral motifs as an effort to create aesthetic and innovative visual artwork. The aim of this research is to explore digital hand lettering techniques and blend them with flora-based design elements, specifically orchids, which hold high artistic value and strong cultural symbolism. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach, where data is collected through a literature review on hand lettering. The findings indicate that integrating orchid motifs into digital hand lettering not only enriches the visual appeal of the artwork but also adds unique and distinctive aesthetics. The resulting creations from this application have great potential for use across various media, such as posters, invitations, and commercial product designs. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that the application of digital hand lettering with orchid motifs can serve as an intriguing alternative in modern graphic design, contributing to the development of creativity and innovation in the creative industry.

A film poster functions as a visual communication tool that has an influence on the initial perception of the audience. The elements contained in the poster help the audience understand the message conveyed through a film. This research analyses the movie poster “Exit” using Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotic approach, which divides the sign into two parts, namely signifier and signified. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, where this research uses data sources consisting of secondary data and primary data. The researcher describes the elements of the poster in detail, both visual appearance and verbal text, then conducts interpretative analysis. The data obtained were grouped based on the meaning of visual signs, verbal signs, and image signs in the film poster. The results show that the film poster ‘Exit’  is effective in utilising visual elements to provide a clear initial description of the film's theme and attract the audience's attention. The dynamic incorporation of visual elements and the appropriate use of text on this poster successfully communicate the genre, theme, and atmosphere of the film. Thus, this poster not only functions as a promotional tool but also as a medium that shapes the audience's perception of the film.

Film and television series posters play a crucial role as both promotional media and symbolic representations of a work’s narrative and themes. This study analyzes the semiotics of the Netflix series The Influencer (2024) poster, which highlights issues of social media manipulation, identity crisis, and digital power. Its success in reaching Netflix’s Top 10 in Indonesia indicates strong cultural resonance. Using a qualitative approach with Barthes’ semiotic method, this research examines visual elements such as color, typography, and composition to reveal the poster’s denotative, connotative, and mythological meanings. The poster functions not only as a promotional tool but also as a medium conveying complex social messages.This study contributes to the field of Visual Communication Design by providing insights into how visual elements shape meaning and audience perception. The findings are expected to serve as a reference for academics and practitioners in understanding and creating posters that are both aesthetically appealing and meaningful.

The song Lathi by Weird Genius became a global sensation due to its fusion of modern electronic music with traditional Indonesian culture. The inclusion of Javanese language in its lyrics stands out, adding emotional, spiritual, and cultural layers. This study explores the rationale behind the Javanese lyrics in Lathi, their role in enriching the song's meaning, and their influence on both local and global audience reception.This qualitative study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing the song's lyrics, interviews with Weird Genius, and media reviews as primary data sources. Semiotic analysis reveals the symbolic significance of the Javanese lyrics. Findings indicate that these elements not only enhance Lathi's uniqueness but also emphasize Indonesia's cultural identity on the global stage. The phrase "Kowe ra iso mlayu saka kesalahan" conveys a universal moral message while showcasing local richness. The global success of Lathi highlights how integrating traditional elements into modern art can effectively appeal to international markets. This study underscores the strategic value of promoting local culture through contemporary art to sustain cultural identity amid globalization.

The film Filosofi Kopi is a literary work that raises coffee as a metaphor, symbol, and narrative element of Coffee as part of global and local culture in Indonesia. This work not only offers interesting fictional stories, but also to analyze Tiwus copies from Java, using a qualitative approach with a method of analyzing literary texts that include thematic, stylistic, and intertextual aspects. This research seeks to understand how elements that have philosophical values that describe life, struggle, and social care. The results of the analysis show that the main themes of this are struggle, care and social interaction, which is reflected through a cup of coffee between the characters. Coffee is often presented as a representation of human relations, existence describes the daily dynamics in society, which connects existentialism, harmony, and reflection in life in a literary work. Presenting a diversity of meanings, starting from simple life symbols and human relationships. This research contributes to a deep understanding of how a cup of coffee can be raised into a theme and title that contains rich meaning and significance in the study of a literature

The proud attitude of using Indonesian in daily communication is a manifestation of awareness of national identity and the importance of language as a unifying tool. In the context of globalization, Indonesian not only functions as a symbol of pride and nationalism, but also reflects the identity of a nation that is rich in cultural and linguistic diversity. As the country's official language, Indonesian has a significant role in building national unity and identity, as well as respecting existing cultural heritage. Apart from that, there are challenges and problems that can hinder the development of an attitude of being proud to speak Indonesian, such as education and differences in attitudes in various groups based on age and social background. Therefore, it is important to identify driving factors that can increase public awareness and understand existing social dynamics. Thus, this research uses a qualitative descriptive method, this research is very suitable for discussing the proud attitude of using Indonesian in everyday communication, because it can explore the nuances and complexities that exist behind this phenomenon. This research can also contribute to the development of linguistic and social theories related to identity, culture and communication. The research results can be used to enrich the literature on the relationship between language and national identity.

This study examines the asbab al-nuzul of Qur’an Surah Al-Baqarah verse 158 and its relationship with the practice of sa’i in Hajj and Umrah as an expression of gratitude for Allah’s blessings. This verse was revealed to address the doubts of some Companions regarding the legitimacy of sa’i between Safa and Marwah, which during the pre-Islamic era had been associated with idolatrous practices. Using a library research method and exegetical analysis, this study demonstrates that Surah Al-Baqarah verse 158 affirms Safa and Marwah as part of the symbols (sha‘a’ir) of Allah that must be honored and performed within the rites of Hajj and Umrah. The practice of sa’i is not merely a ritual obligation but also embodies profound historical, spiritual, and educational values rooted in the story of Hajar’s struggle in seeking water for Prophet Ismail. Values of patience, effort, reliance on Allah, and gratitude are reflected in every step of sa’i. Understanding the asbab al-nuzul of this verse is expected to encourage Muslims to perform Hajj and Umrah with deeper awareness, sincerity, and meaning, so that worship transcends formal ritual and contributes to character building and the strengthening of faith.    

Literature is an inseparable part of the surrounding reality, presented in the form of fiction. Women are consistently included as objects that provide a unique symbol in conveying its implied messages. Similarly, within the pesantren (Islamic boarding school) environment, women possess their own distinct culture that conforms to the habits that bind them. This portrayal is depicted in the literary work, the novel Hati Suhita by Khilma Anis. The pesantren woman is described concerning her tendencies in pesantren life and her role as the successor in the leadership relay within it. This research aims to describe (a) the portrayal of the pesantren woman's culture in the novel Hati Suhita by Khilma Anis, and (b) the implication of the pesantren woman's leadership on the development of the pesantren in the novel Hati Suhita by Ning Khilma Anis. The approach in this study uses a qualitative methodology. The data source for this research is the novel Hati Suhita by Khilma Anis. The data in this study consist of findings relevant to the problem focus within the novel Hati Suhita by Khilma Anis. The data collection technique used is literature study The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative. The results obtained are: The pesantren woman described in the novel Hati Suhita by Khilma Anis is portrayed with the attitudes of obedience and humility as the defining characteristics of a santri (pesantren student). The novel Hati Suhita lays out the implication of her leadership, which brings advancement and renewal to her in-laws' pesantren.

This paper discusses in depth the relationship between green constitution and green democracy in the context of environmental protection in Indonesia. In the modern era, environmental issues have become increasingly urgent, especially with the growing threats to ecosystems due to human activities. This research raises several problems, including the lack of public understanding regarding environmental legal norms contained in the 1945 Constitution, as well as the challenges faced in its implementation. The main objective of this research is to explore and analyze the connection between the principles of green constitution as stipulated in Article 28H paragraph (1) and Article 33 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution with the existing environmental policy practices. This study also aims to identify the dynamics influencing the development of environmental protection law in Indonesia and to assess the effectiveness of the policies that have been implemented. The method used in this research is a normative juridical approach with descriptive analysis. Through a systematic literature review, this study examines various legal sources, official documents, and relevant literature related to the theme of green constitution and environmental protection. The findings indicate that although environmental norms have been accommodated in the constitution, significant challenges remain in terms of implementation, including the misalignment between government policies and constitutional mandates. This research concludes that to achieve optimal environmental protection goals, continuous evaluation and oversight of the implementation of existing laws are necessary. Furthermore, closer collaboration between the government, society, and other stakeholders is crucial to ensure that the policies adopted are not merely symbolic but also effective in protecting the environment. Moreover, this study emphasizes the importance of integrating the concept of ecocracy into public policy, which can serve as a guideline in making environmentally conscious decisions. Thus, the protection and management of the environment can be effectively and sustainably realized, creating a safe and healthy environment for future generations.

This study analyzes the utilization of Python as a tool for calculating function limits, with an emphasis on the application of the SymPy and NumPy libraries. The flexibility of Python allows researchers to perform mathematical calculations efficiently, employing both the symbolic approach provided by SymPy and the numerical methods offered by NumPy. SymPy facilitates the management of complex mathematical expressions and produces accurate symbolic results, while NumPy provides speed and efficiency in executing numerical computations. With active community support and regular updates to the libraries, Python proves to be a robust and flexible environment for research in the field of mathematics. Findings from this study indicate that the combination of these two libraries not only enhances the accuracy of limit calculations but also accelerates the research process, making it a relevant choice in both academic and practical contexts..

Knowledge and understanding of truth play a pivotal role in shaping the character of youth. The Quran, as the primary source of knowledge in Islam, illustrates this through the story of Yusa' bin Nun, a companion of Prophet Musa, in Surah Al-Kahfi verses 60-65. This research analyzes the role of Yusa' bin Nun in the pursuit of knowledge and truth based on the interpretations of Ibn Al Kathir and Al-Maraghi. Using a qualitative approach and literature review method, the study focuses on two issues: the role of Yusa' bin Nun in seeking knowledge according to Ibn Al Kathir and Al-Maraghi, and the similarities and differences in their opinions. Ibn Al Kathir's interpretation highlights Yusa's loyalty and enthusiasm in seeking knowledge alongside Prophet Musa and Prophet Khidir. Despite facing peculiar actions, Yusa' demonstrates loyalty and conviction, inspiring the younger generation in their scholarly and spiritual journey. Al-Maraghi's interpretation emphasizes the moral role, enthusiasm for learning, and loyalty of Yusa' as symbols of spiritual values. This perspective underscores patience and perseverance in the scholarly journey, revealing that the pursuit of religious knowledge involves profound spiritual experiences. The results of this research provide a deep understanding of the role of youth in seeking knowledge and truth, portraying Yusa' bin Nun as an exemplar of loyalty, enthusiasm for learning, and spiritual experience. This story serves as inspiration for the younger generation, illustrating that the pursuit of knowledge is not merely about acquiring information but also involves profound spiritual experiences.

In Pamekasan, many small and medium businesses have received halal certificates, but still have difficulty implementing SJPH in a sustainable manner. Many business actors do not fully understand that halal certification is not just a symbol, but is a system that needs to be implemented continuously and monitored closely. They often focus on the administrative aspects of certification, and ignore the importance of practice in daily activities. This research aims to determine the efforts of HSN fish paste business actors UMK in Pamekasan Regency in ensuring compliance with SJPH and evaluating compliance with SJPH implementation. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative research method, where the process of searching for data is through observation, interviews and documentation techniques. This method was chosen so that the research data is in-depth and comprehensive regarding the evaluation of HSN fish paste business actors' compliance with the Halal Product Guarantee System (SJPH). This research involved 4 fish paste business actors. The findings of this research show that HSN fish paste business actors are trying hard to implement SJPH, even though there are obstacles that hinder its effectiveness. However, there are weaknesses in supervision, internal auditing, and employee training. There needs to be more structured action to achieve optimal SJPH compliance and strengthen consumer trust.

Coffee is a drink that has deep meaning in the Islamic world, covering spiritual, health and social aspects. This study method uses a literature approach by collecting and analyzing the latest research regarding the role of coffee in the context of the sunnah, health benefits and social traditions among Muslims. The study results show that coffee is not only considered a halal drink and beneficial for health, but also as a symbol of brotherhood and strong cultural identity, strengthening social relations in various Muslim communities around the world.

Schools in Maluku often face social conflicts rooted in religious, ethnic, and historical local tensions, which have the potential to disrupt the learning process and create an unconducive environment. The main issue at hand is how to foster a harmonious and peaceful atmosphere among students in such a situation. This study aims to analyze the role of local cultural values as a foundation for conflict resolution in schools, supporting education and peacebuilding. The study uses a qualitative method with observations and in-depth interviews in several schools in Maluku. The findings show that cultural values such as Pela, Gandong, and Masohi play a crucial role in fostering tolerance and peace among students. Pela and Gandong serve as symbols of inter-religious and inter-regional brotherhood, which are internalized through collaborative activities among students, while Masohi, which emphasizes mutual cooperation, is applied in project-based learning and community activities, promoting collaboration and empathy. These findings highlight the importance of integrating local cultural values as a hidden curriculum in shaping tolerant student characters and creating a school environment that sustainably supports peacebuilding.

The title of this research is "Presentation Form of Pelalawan Kingdom Dance at the Bina Tasik Studio, Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province". This study aims to determine the form of presentation of Pelalawan Kingdom dance at the Bina Tasik Studio, Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province. Pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. In this study, the researcher used a descriptive qualitative method. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the Pelalawan Kingdom dance uses dance movements with 5 basic dance movements, namely the salute movement, the Pangean silat movement, the rowing movement, the circular movement, and the last is the final movement. The musical instruments used to accompany the Pelalawan Kingdom dance are the long drum, kompang, gong, calempong, drum, violin, accordion and darmuka. The title of this dance is taken from a historical story about the Pelalawan Kingdom. The theme of the dance is about the feud or war between the Portuguese and the Malacca Kingdom which resulted in the Malacca Kingdom being destroyed and a new kingdom being born, namely the Pelalawan Kingdom. The type of dance is classified as a new creative dance type. The presentation mode is symbolic representational dance. The number of dancers is 11 dancers, of which 5 are male dancers and 6 are female dancers. The women's dance costume uses the kebaya tabuh shirt and the men's costume uses the Malay cekak musang shirt. The makeup of the female dancers uses beautiful makeup while the makeup of the male dancers only uses powder and eyebrows. Lighting but because this dance is danced during the day and the stage is outside the field, no light is needed. Dance properties are the door and wall of Pekan Tua, the door and wall of Pelalawan, keris and shawl. The audience was attended by school residents and invited guests.