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Self-care is an individual's effort to manage their health condition, especially for people with diabetes mellitus, to keep blood sugar levels under control. One element that influences the effectiveness of self-care is family support. This support can take various forms, such as emotional support, practical assistance, information, and evaluative feedback. This study aims to explore the relationship between family support and self-care practices in elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Kedungmundu Health Center. This study design is correlational with a cross-sectional approach. The sample taken consisted of 68 elderly people with type 2 DM who visited the Kedungmundu Health Center. The sample selection used a purposive sampling technique. The inclusion criteria involved outpatients who lived with their families. The instruments used in this study were a questionnaire about family support and SDSCA (Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities). To analyze the data, the chi-square test was used in bivariate analysis. The results showed that 60.3% of respondents received positive family support, while 48.5% of respondents showed good self-care practices. Further analysis showed a significant relationship between family support and self-care practices with a p value of 0.000 (p <0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results found, it can be concluded that family support plays an important role in improving the quality of self-care in elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

This study examines the impact of the Central Bank of Nigeria's monetary policies on the Nigerian economy, specifically how these policies can be applied to foster economic growth. The research employs multiple regression models as the primary statistical method to analyze the relationship between key variables: money supply, average price levels, interest rates, labor force, and their effects on the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Using data from 1981 to 2008, the study applies the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method to assess these effects comprehensively. The findings indicate that monetary policy, as reflected by money supply, positively influences GDP growth and improves the balance of payments, while also having a negative impact on inflation rates. The study suggests that the Nigerian money market should introduce a broader range of financial instruments to cater to the growing economy’s needs. Additionally, the recommendations emphasize the importance of designing monetary policies that create a favorable investment climate by adjusting interest rates, currency rates, and liquidity management mechanisms. By fostering a well-regulated and flexible monetary system, the Central Bank can further enhance the economic stability and growth of Nigeria, supporting sustainable development in the long term.

The Quraysh dialect is one of the Arabic language variants that has played a significant role in the formation of Standard Arabic. This dialect became dominant during the pre-Islamic era and remained influential after the spread of Islam, particularly as it was used in the codification of the Qur’an. This study aims to examine the role of the Quraysh dialect in shaping Standard Arabic from the perspective of Fiqh al-Lughah and to analyze the linguistic and social factors that contributed to its dominance. This research employs a qualitative method with a historical linguistic and sociolinguistic approach. Data is collected from various sources discussing the historical development of Arabic, the codification of the Qur’an, and the social factors influencing the spread of the Quraysh dialect. The findings indicate that the Quraysh dialect possessed advantages in phonology, morphology, and syntax, making it superior to other Arabic dialects. Additionally, social factors such as the Quraysh tribe’s role in trade, politics, and religion further solidified its position as the standard language. The implications of this study emphasize that the Quraysh dialect not only influenced the development of Standard Arabic but also contributed to the broader linguistic framework of Islamic scholarship. This research is expected to provide insights into Fiqh al-Lughah, particularly in understanding the standardization process of Arabic and the socio-cultural influences on its evolution.

This study uses a quantitative statistical method through SPSS application calculations. The population in this study were 344 employees of the Inspectorate General of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology, the sampling method used was the purposive sampling method with the slovin formula, obtaining a sample of 77 respondents. The analysis used in this study includes data quality testing, hypothesis testing, and determination coefficient testing. After conducting the hypothesis test, it is known that the t-test for motivation is 4.457> t-table 1.663 and the significant value is 0.000 <0.05, organizational culture t-test 1.341 <t-table 1.663 and the significant value is 0.184> 0.05, and the f-test is known that f- test 55.687> f-table 3.11 and the significant value is 0.000 <0.05. This proves that motivation partially influences employee performance while organizational culture does not influence employee performance, motivation and organizational culture simultaneously influence employee performance.

Gratitude is an important aspect and a strong foundation for creating a healthy life, both physically and mentally. Moreover, in going through the transition phase, new students certainly need aspects that can keep them physically and psychologically prosperous. This research aims to see the influence of gratitude on the psychological well-being of students who are still in their first year of study. This research method is a correlational quantitative method, with the number of subjects being 101 first year Psychology students at Padang State University. There are two measuring instruments used, namely the gratitude measuring instrument and the psychological well-being (SPWB) measuring instrument. Based on the data analysis carried out, it was found that the F value of the data was 97.787 with a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05, so that the regression model can be used to predict psychological well-being variables or in other words there is an influence of gratitude on psychological well-being. Furthermore, it is known that the R square is 0.497, meaning that 49.7% of gratitude can influence psychological well-being and 50.3% is influenced by other factors. So it can be concluded that gratitude influences the psychological well-being of first year Psychology students at Padang State University.

This study examines the impact of Christian Religious Education Management on the spiritual development and character formation of children in Christian families, especially in the Tengko Klasis Walendrang Timur Congregation. This study emphasizes the basic role of the family as the primary environment in instilling moral and spiritual values, despite challenges arising from the negative influences of technological advances and modern lifestyles. Using a quantitative approach and purposive sampling technique, this study assesses how parental guidance—with the support of church education programs such as Sunday School and Catechism—contributes to the formation of a strong Christian identity in children. The results of the study indicate that effective education management, in which parents act as educators, motivators, facilitators, mentors, and role models, is essential to fostering sustainable spiritual growth and positive character. This study concludes that increased collaboration between families and churches is needed to strengthen spiritual education so that children can develop mature and resilient Christian characters.

Birth balls can assist mothers during the first stage of labor by promoting labor progress. Their benefits include increasing blood flow to the uterus, placenta, and baby, widening the pelvic outlet, reducing knee and ankle discomfort, providing counter-pressure on the perineum and thighs, and utilizing gravity to aid fetal descent. This process facilitates cervical dilation and shortens labor duration. This study examines the effect of birth ball therapy on first-stage labor progress in women giving birth at the Putri May Sarah Clinic, Percut Sei Tuan District, Deli Serdang Regency, in 2024. A quasi-experimental method with a two-group design was used, involving 20 participants. Data analysis was conducted using the Mann-Whitney test. Results showed a significant difference between the intervention and control groups, with a sig value of 0.029 (<0.05) and a z-table value of 2.189. These findings indicate that birth ball therapy positively influences first-stage labor progress. Women who used birth balls experienced faster cervical dilation and fetal descent compared to those who did not. This study highlights the benefits of birth ball therapy as a non-invasive method to improve labor outcomes. The Putri May Sarah Clinic is encouraged to promote birth ball use as a supportive measure for laboring mothers. By implementing birth ball therapy, the clinic can enhance maternal comfort and facilitate a smoother, shorter first stage of labor. 

Peers have important factors that can influence a person's ability to realize themselves. With peer support, a person has friends who respect, understand, and feel like they have the same friends as themselves. Poor peer relationships can lead to problematic friendships. friendships that experience peer pressure, such as being excluded from groups or friends due to differences of opinion or lack of perspective, will experience setbacks. Peer support greatly influences mental health in adolescents. Knowledge and understanding of mental health, especially in the adolescent phase, is very important to increase adolescents' ability to help themselves in the field of mental health, prepare themselves to face mental health risks, and improve mental health. One way to deal with mental health problems for teenagers is to provide support to increase concern for others. This research is a quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire on 74 respondents. This research uses a total sampling technique and is processed statistically with the correlation test used in this research is the gamma test. The results of the gamma test on peer support data with the level of mental health in adolescents obtained a p value of 0.022 (<0.05) which shows that Ha is accepted or there is a relationship and the closeness of the relationship is quite strong (-0.745) and the direction of the relationship is negative. There is a relationship between peer support and the level of mental health in adolescents

Organizational culture plays a crucial role in shaping employee behavior and performance. A strong organizational culture fosters a conducive work environment, enhances employee engagement, and motivates them to achieve optimal performance. This study aims to analyze how organizational culture influences employee behavior and performance while identifying the key cultural elements that significantly impact productivity. This research employs a literature review method, examining recent scholarly works on organizational culture, employee behavior, and performance. The findings indicate that a positive organizational culture—characterized by open communication, alignment of values with company goals, and managerial support—directly enhances work motivation, job satisfaction, and employee productivity. Conversely, a weak organizational culture can lead to dissatisfaction, high turnover rates, and decreased productivity. The implications of this study highlight the importance of fostering a strong and adaptive work culture to sustain and improve employee performance. Additionally, this study offers strategic recommendations for managers and organizational leaders in developing a culture that promotes innovation, collaboration, and employee well-being.

The stability of the banking sector is crucial in maintaining a country’s financial system and economic sustainability. This study analyzes the impact of Net Interest Margin (NIM), Non-Performing Loans (NPL), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on banking stability in Indonesia. The inconsistency of previous research findings indicates a research gap that requires further exploration. This study employs a quantitative approach using secondary data from financial reports of conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2019 to 2023. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, resulting in 39 banks with 195 observations. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with classical assumption tests, including normality, heteroscedasticity, multicollinearity, and autocorrelation, to ensure model validity. The results show that NIM positively but not significantly affects banking stability, while NPL has a negative and significant effect. CAR also significantly influences banking stability. Enhancing banking intermediation effectiveness through NIM and CAR can strengthen financial stability, whereas increasing credit risk, reflected in NPL, can weaken stability. This study provides insights for regulators and banking management in designing more effective policies to maintain banking sector stability in Indonesia.

This study aims to determine whether the application of the training teaching style influences the improvement of basic movement skills in underhand passing in volleyball among students at SMP Negeri 4 Tondano. This study uses an experimental method with a pre-test post-test control group design. The sample consists of 24 students, divided into two groups: an experimental group that received the training teaching style treatment and a control group that did not receive the treatment. Data were obtained through tests of basic movement skills in underhand passing in volleyball, administered during the pre-test and post-test. The results show that the experimental group, which applied the training teaching style, showed a more significant improvement in basic movement skills in underhand passing compared to the control group. Based on the t-test, the calculated t-value was greater than the table value, meaning the alternative hypothesis was accepted. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of the training teaching style has a significant effect on improving basic movement skills in underhand passing in volleyball at SMP Negeri 4 Tondano.

This study examines the process of acculturation between Sundanese culture and Islam in the context of cultural transformation in the Sundanese region. The background of the research is rooted in the convergence of traditional values and Islamic influences that have been ongoing since the 14th century, resulting in a harmonious yet dynamic cultural synthesis. The aim of the study is to understand how Islamic values are adapted into Sundanese traditions and their impact on the social identity of the community. A qualitative approach employing participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentary study was used to extract rich empirical data. The research findings indicate that acculturation occurs through a negotiation of values across generations, leading to modifications in rituals, symbols, and social practices that preserve the essence of local culture while accommodating Islamic requirements. The implications of this study provide new insights into the adaptive dynamics of cultural interaction in the face of modernization and globalization, and have the potential to serve as a basis for developing cultural preservation policies that are responsive to contemporary changes.

This research aims to examine the influence of capital intensity, company size, and sales growth on tax aggressiveness. This research uses a quantitative approach and uses associative methods. The type of data used in this research is secondary data. The data analysis method used in this research is Panel Data Regression Analysis using the Eviews version 13 application and Microsoft Excel. The population used in this research is Energy Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2018-2023 period. The data collection technique in this research is a purposive sampling technique with a population of 87 companies becoming the final 10 company samples or 60 observation data processed in this research. The research results show that simultaneously capital intensity, company size and sales growth influence tax aggressiveness. Partially, capital intensity and sales growth have no effect on tax aggressiveness. Meanwhile, company size influences tax aggressiveness.

This research aims to analyze the use of articles or articles in the drama script "Kereta Kencana". Articles are an important linguistic element in Indonesian that influences the understanding and interpretation of texts. Through a linguistic analysis approach, this research examines the use of articles in the context of the drama script, including the role and function of articles. Qualitative analysis methods are used to examine the text in depth with a focus on the use and application of articles or articles in the text. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide a better understanding of the role and function of articles in the drama script "Kereta Kencana", as well as their contribution to the overall understanding of the story and the aesthetic experience of readers or viewers.

Research to determine the description of children's social emotional development and its implications for group guidance services at Ade Irma Suryani I Kindergarten, Pantai Cermin District, as well as the methods applied in this research, namely qualitative research and a field study approach. The method used for data collection was observation, interviews and documentation. The subjects in this research were the principal, teacher, and 2 young children at the Ade Irma Suryani I Pantai Cermin Kindergarten.The results of this research show that the description of children's social emotional development and its implications for group guidance services implemented in schools greatly influences the process of forming social emotional development in early childhood. The implementation of group guidance in this school is focused on group guidance methods and materials. The group guidance method used is by using the group guidance method. Meanwhile, group guidance materials use loose parts materials. Supporting and inhibiting factors for early childhood social emotional development depend greatly on the environment and the role of parents. The implications of group guidance in shaping the social emotional development process of early childhood show changes, where children can achieve self-understanding and relate to other people, take responsibility for themselves, and can demonstrate good social behavior.  

Healthy food is food that when we consume it will be able to meet nutritional needs in accordance with health standards to increase intelligence and rich healthy life (Dilla Ratih et al., 2022). Fulfillment of nutrition for early childhood is also one of the things that is important for child development. The purpose of this journal article is to analyze the effectiveness of the play therapy approach in increasing early childhood understanding of healthy food at Wadi Fatimah Kindergarten. The method used is participatory education-based socialization, which involves visual media, educational games, and hands-on demonstrations to increase children's involvement in learning. Evaluation results showed a significant increase in children's understanding of healthy food after participating in this activity. Children who previously lacked understanding of the difference between healthy and unhealthy foods began to be able to identify nutritious foods well. Educational games such as “Teman Sehat (Guess Healthy Food)” proved to be effective in attracting children's attention and improving their memory of healthy food concepts. However, there are challenges in consistently implementing healthy eating habits, especially due to influences from outside the school environment. Therefore, active involvement from parents and teachers is needed to maintain healthy eating habits in daily life.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Brand Image and Social Media Promotion on Purchase Decisions, with Consumer Satisfaction as an intervening variable in Balisijuk.id in Payakumbuh. In the digital era, a strong Brand Image and effective promotion strategies through social media are important factors in attracting interest and increasing Consumer Satisfaction, which ultimately influences purchase decisions. This research method uses a quantitative approach with purposive sampling techniques. Data was collected through questionnaires distributed to Balisijuk.id consumers. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression models and path analysis to test the direct and indirect relationships between variables. The results of the study show that Brand Image and Social Media Promotion have a significant effect on Consumer Satisfaction. Furthermore, Consumer Satisfaction proved to be an intervening variable that strengthened the relationship between Brand Image, Social Media Promotion, and Purchase Decision. In other words, the more positive the Brand Image and the more effective the Social Media Promotion, the higher the Consumer Satisfaction, which ultimately drives the Purchase Decision. This research provides practical implications for business actors, especially Balisijuk.id, in designing more effective marketing strategies through strengthening Brand Image and optimizing Social Media Promotion to increase consumer satisfaction and purchase decisions Balisijuk.id.

This study aims to determine the role of education as a moderation variable in the relationship between financial literacy and social environment on the consumption behavior of Gen Z in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The research method used is a quantitative approach with a descriptive quantitative method. The study sample consisted of 400 Gen Z respondents aged 14-29 years, selected using purposive sampling through questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Square (PLS) with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through the SmartPLS 4.0 application. The results showed that financial literacy significantly influences consumption behavior (p-Value 0.001 < 0.05), while the social environment does not have a significant influence (p-Value 0.105 > 0.05). Additionally, education does not moderate the relationship between financial literacy and consumption behavior (p-Value 0.635 > 0.05) or the relationship between the social environment and consumption behavior (p-Value 0.244 > 0.05).

Mental health issues among vocational high school (SMK) students are becoming increasingly concerning, affecting their academic performance and overall well-being. This study explores the role of linguistic approaches and language counseling in improving students' mental health at SMK An Naas Binjai. The research employs a qualitative method, incorporating interviews, observations, and document analysis to understand how language influences students’ emotional expression, stress management, and social interactions. Findings indicate that a structured linguistic approach, including expressive writing, guided discussions, and positive communication strategies, helps students articulate their emotions better and develop coping mechanisms. Additionally, language counseling, which integrates psychological support with effective communication techniques, enables students to express their feelings constructively, reducing anxiety and enhancing self-confidence. The study highlights the importance of integrating language-based mental health interventions into the school curriculum to create a supportive learning environment. This research suggests that teachers and counselors should be trained in linguistics-based counseling techniques to provide more effective emotional support. Schools should also incorporate structured language activities that encourage open communication and emotional resilience. The findings contribute to the growing discourse on educational psychology by emphasizing the intersection of language, counseling, and mental health in vocational education settings.

Mental health issues among vocational high school (SMK) students are becoming increasingly concerning, affecting their academic performance and overall well-being. This study explores the role of linguistic approaches and language counseling in improving students' mental health at SMK An Naas Binjai. The research employs a qualitative method, incorporating interviews, observations, and document analysis to understand how language influences students’ emotional expression, stress management, and social interactions. Findings indicate that a structured linguistic approach, including expressive writing, guided discussions, and positive communication strategies, helps students articulate their emotions better and develop coping mechanisms. Additionally, language counseling, which integrates psychological support with effective communication techniques, enables students to express their feelings constructively, reducing anxiety and enhancing self-confidence. The study highlights the importance of integrating language-based mental health interventions into the school curriculum to create a supportive learning environment. This research suggests that teachers and counselors should be trained in linguistics-based counseling techniques to provide more effective emotional support. Schools should also incorporate structured language activities that encourage open communication and emotional resilience. The findings contribute to the growing discourse on educational psychology by emphasizing the intersection of language, counseling, and mental health in vocational education settings.