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This study aims to analyze the representation of hegemony in the film Kupu-Kupu Kertas using Antonio Gramsci’s hegemony theory and a literary sociology approach. As a medium of mass communication, film not only conveys stories but also produces and reproduces cultural values, ideologies, and power structures that operate subtly within society. Set against the historical backdrop of 1965, the film portrays ideological clashes between NU/Ansor and the PKI, which affect not only political spheres but also everyday culture, social relations, and moral dynamics that shape the collective consciousness of Javanese society. This research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through content analysis of the film using an observation–note technique to identify scenes, dialogues, and visual symbols related to culture, hegemony, and ideology. The analysis focuses on revealing how dominant values are constructed and negotiated through the representation of characters, narratives, and social traditions portrayed in the film. In conclusion, Kupu-Kupu Kertas not only documents the political tragedy of 1965 but also demonstrates that hegemony operates through subtle mechanisms embedded in culture, morality, and patterns of thought. This study affirms the relevance of Gramsci’s theory in examining literary works and films as social texts that practice power while also opening space for understanding individual resistance to ideological domination.

The digital transformation of payment systems has become essential for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to improve transaction efficiency and expand market accessibility. This community service program was conducted to introduce and implement the use of QRIS through the Dana Bisnis application for four MSMEs located in the Makam Raja-Raja Imogiri tourism area Yogyakarta : Warung Wahyu, Warmindo Babe, Warung Pecel Bu Yani, and Warung Pecel Bu Elti. Initially, all MSMEs relied solely on cash transactions, leading to difficulties in financial recording and limited access to digital financial services. The program consisted of several stages, including on-site surveys, problem identification, explanation of digital payment benefits, training on QRIS registration and usage, and continuous assistance during the transition process. The results indicate a significant improvement in MSMEs’ understanding of digital payment systems and a gradual shift towards non-cash transactions. Evaluation findings show that approximately 60% of daily transactions were conducted via QRIS, and business owners reported benefits such as simplified bookkeeping, faster payment processing, and enhanced transaction security. This program demonstrates that QRIS-based digital payment systems can be effectively implemented in traditional MSMEs through proper mentoring and hands-on guidance. The initiative also plays a strategic role in promoting financial inclusion and strengthening MSME competitiveness in tourism areas. Continued efforts remain necessary, particularly in enhancing digital literacy and expanding access to supporting technology to ensure equitable adoption of digital payment systems.

This study aims to thoroughly examine the triadic relationship among the Internalization of Aswaja An-Nahdliyah Values, the Pedagogic Competence of Ustadz/Ustadzah, and the Academic Supervision by the Kyai at the Salafi Sunanul Huda Islamic Boarding School in Sukabumi Regency. The research urgency is based on the vital role of the pesantren (Islamic boarding school) as a fortress of moderate ideology and the existence of a research gap that has not holistically integrated these three variables within the specific Salafi-Nahdliyyah context of the locus. The Aswaja An-Nahdliyah values central to the internalization process include Tawasuth (moderation), Tasamuh (tolerance), I'tidal (justice/firmness), Tawazun (balance), and Amar Ma'ruf Nahi Munkar (enjoining good and forbidding wrong). This internalization is carried out through the formal curriculum (teaching Kitab Kuning using the Sorogan and Bandongan methods) and the non-curricular aspects (Kyai/Ustadz role-modeling and pesantren living values). The study utilizes a qualitative approach with a Case Study design. Data collection employs Method Triangulation involving In-depth Interviews (Kyai, Ustadz, Students), Limited Participatory Observation (learning processes and cultural activities), and Document Study (Lesson Plans, curriculum, and supervision reports). Data analysis employs the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (Data Condensation, Data Display, and Conclusion Drawing). The research findings are expected to formulate the Integrated Model of Triguna Santri in Aswaja An-Nahdliyah Internalization, which synergizes traditional pesantren methods with culture-based quality assurance. Practically, these findings will provide blueprints for quality assurance (Cultural-Authoritative Academic Supervision) and recommendations for pedagogical strategies for Ustadz/Ustadzah to enhance the transfer of values from the cognitive level to the affective and behavioral domains. This model is expected to become a benchmark for developing educator competence and strengthening religious moderation in similar pesantren.

Traditional settlements are a reflection of the way of life, cultural values, and interactions of society with the natural environment. In the context of Luluo Village, settlement patterns are not only formed by physical factors such as topography and natural resources, but are also influenced by the local wisdom of the Gorontalo people who have a value system, customs, and cosmology-based spatial planning. The objectives of this study are: 1) To describe the traditional settlement patterns of Luluo Village, Biluhu District, Gorontalo Regency; 2) To analyze the development and changes in settlement patterns in Luluo Village; 3) To identify forms of local wisdom that play a role in the formation and preservation of settlement patterns. Method: used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. Results: This study is 1) Traditional Settlement Patterns of Luluo Village seen from the distribution pattern of houses, building orientation, distance between houses, open spaces. 2) forms of local wisdom in traditional settlements. 3) The development of settlements in Luluo Village. 4) The impact of settlement development on socio-cultural life. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the development of traditional settlement patterns in Luluo Village is a dynamic process influenced by environmental, social, cultural, and economic factors. Local wisdom is the main foundation in the formation and development of settlements, despite facing the challenges of modernization. Traditional settlement patterns based on local wisdom have proven capable of creating a harmonious, sustainable, and socially value-oriented residential environment.

Palembang City has emerged as a hub for culinary and cultural tourism, particularly through traditional cuisine and the production of songket and jumputan textiles, as part of efforts to stimulate local economic development. This study aims to examine the role of cultural tourism and traditional craftsmanship in supporting local economic growth and cultural sustainability. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, documentation, and questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, encompassing data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that cultural tourism and traditional textile industries generate positive economic impacts for local business actors, especially micro and small enterprises engaged in culinary and handicraft activities. In addition to economic benefits, cultural tourism contributes significantly to the preservation of local cultural values by encouraging active participation from artisans and entrepreneurs in maintaining the authenticity of traditional products. Overall, cultural tourism exhibits strong strategic potential as a dual mechanism for fostering local economic development and ensuring sustainable cultural preservation. These results provide important insights for policymakers in designing integrated tourism-based development strategies that balance economic growth with cultural conservation.

This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of curriculum development and teaching methods in Islamic education in Indonesia and Egypt. Both countries have a long tradition in the development of Islamic sciences, but they demonstrate different approaches in accordance with their respective social, cultural, and educational policy contexts. This study uses a literature review method with a descriptive qualitative approach through a review of journals, books, and Islamic education policy documents. The results of the analysis show that the Islamic education system in Indonesia emphasizes the integration of religious and general knowledge in its curriculum, in line with the spirit of religious moderation and the demands of modern society. Meanwhile, Islamic education in Egypt, especially through Al-Azhar University, emphasizes a traditional approach based on tafaqquh fi al-din with a focus on mastery of classical Islamic sciences. In terms of teaching methods, Indonesia is more adaptive to active and technology-based learning models, while Egypt maintains the talaqqi and memorization methods, but has begun to adopt modern pedagogical innovations. Overall, both education systems have their own strengths; Indonesia excels in contextualizing the curriculum, while Egypt sets an example in maintaining the authority and continuity of Islamic scholarship. These findings are expected to contribute to the development of a balanced Islamic education that integrates values and modernity.

Pindang tetel is a traditional Pekalongan culinary specialty born from the creativity of the community in utilizing limited food ingredients, especially beef offal, which in the past was synonymous with lower-class consumption. This culinary dish not only serves as a daily meal, but also represents historical, social, and symbolic values ​​that reflect how Javanese people respond to their economic conditions and the dynamics of their lives. This study aims to examine the cultural meaning, local identity values, and the transformation process of pindang tetel in a modern context, especially when the dish is marketed in the tourist area of ​​Lake Al Kautsar, Kayugeritan. The study used a qualitative approach with a mini-ethnography method through direct observation, in-depth interviews with sellers, and informal conversations with consumers. The results show that pindang tetel has undergone adaptations in its presentation without losing its basic character, so it remains recognized as a traditional culinary dish. In the context of local tourism, pindang tetel serves as a representation of Pekalongan's cultural identity and a medium for cultural introduction for tourists. These findings confirm that traditional culinary plays an important role in shaping collective memory, strengthening local identity, and providing sustainable symbolic and social value in addition to economic value.

Indonesia’s rich religious, ethnic, and cultural diversity has long been accompanied by challenges related to socio-religious conflict. One important yet often overlooked dimension is intra-religious tension, illustrated by the differing perspectives of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah—the two largest Islamic organizations in the country. This study examines how these organizations manage their doctrinal differences (khilafiyah) and uphold tolerance as an expression of the First Principle of Pancasila. Using a qualitative literature review, the research analyzes organizational documents, scholarly works, and academic articles concerning both groups. Findings show that their divergence stems primarily from distinct methodological frameworks. NU follows the Aswaja tradition, accommodating local culture through the concept of Islam Nusantara, adhering to classical jurisprudential schools, and applying the maxim al-muhafadzah. In contrast, Muhammadiyah employs the Manhaj Tarjih and a Tajdid (renewal) approach centered on purification and modernization, forming the basis of its Progressive Islam vision. Despite differences in jurisprudential practice, both organizations share a commitment to moderation (wasathiyyah). NU expresses tolerance through its principles of Tawassuth, Tawazun, Tasamuh, and the Trilogy of Brotherhood, whereas Muhammadiyah emphasizes justice and respect for diversity in its Guidelines for Islamic Life. Their mutual acceptance of Pancasila—as Darul Ahdi wa Syahadah for Muhammadiyah and the foundation of Ukhuwah Wathaniyah for NU—demonstrates that internal Islamic pluralism can strengthen, rather than weaken, national unity.

This study examines how Christian marriage is represented in the modern era through theological, symbolic, and contextual perspectives. Although Christian marriage is traditionally understood as a sacred covenant emphasizing unity, fidelity, and permanence, contemporary social realities reveal shifts in how Christians interpret and express marital life. Economic pressures, evolving family roles, digital communication patterns, and cultural influences shape the modern experience of marriage. Using a descriptive qualitative approach through literature-based research, this study analyzes the theological foundations, ritual symbols, and contextual factors that influence changes in the representation of Christian marriage today. The findings indicate that while the core theological essence of Christian marriage remains, its practical expressions undergo adaptation to remain relevant within modern life. Symbols such as wedding rings, marital vows, and liturgical blessings continue to convey theological meaning, while premarital education and pastoral support play a crucial role in strengthening marital stability. The study highlights the need for a contextual and integrative ecclesial approach that responds to the realities faced by Christian couples in contemporary society.    

 Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) play a strategic role in shaping the character, morality, and spirituality of the Indonesian nation as traditional Islamic educational institutions that have long contributed to social and religious life. Although their existence has been legally recognized through Law Number 18 of 2019 on Pesantren, the integration of Pancasila values into pesantren curricula continues to face several challenges, particularly in aligning these values with the provisions of the National Education System Law (UU Sisdiknas). This study aims to analyze the legal standing of pesantren within the national education system, identify opportunities and obstacles in implementing Pancasila Education in pesantren environments, and formulate policy recommendations that strengthen the internalization of national values. Using a normative juridical approach, this research examines national education regulations and religious education frameworks to understand the role of pesantren in supporting national development based on Pancasila. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference for the government, education stakeholders, and pesantren administrators in optimizing the role of pesantren as centers of character and civic development, as well as enhancing public understanding of the importance of harmonizing religious education with national civic education.

This study examines the convergence between classical Islamic philosophy and contemporary digital theory, emphasizing how foundational Islamic concepts can respond to social fragmentation in post-digital Muslim societies. As digital technologies increasingly mediate religious learning, identity formation, and communal interaction, Muslim communities face growing challenges, including the weakening of social bonds and the decentralization of religious authority. Online platforms encourage individualized interpretations of faith and pluralistic expressions of religiosity, which, while expanding participation, often contribute to fragmented identities and diminished communal cohesion.Drawing upon core classical concepts such as ummah (community), akhlaq (ethics), and asabiyya (social solidarity), this research argues that Islamic intellectual heritage offers a normative framework capable of addressing these disruptions. These concepts underscore collective responsibility, moral discipline, and the cultivation of shared values as the foundation of a stable and just society. Using a qualitative approach grounded in textual analysis of classical Islamic scholarship and contemporary digital sociology, the study recontextualizes these principles within present-day digital environments.The findings suggest that adapting traditional values to online engagement can strengthen ethical conduct, mutual accountability, and constructive dialogue in virtual spaces. The notion of a “cyber ummah” further illustrates how transnational digital networks may foster solidarity across geographic and ideological boundaries. Ultimately, this study affirms the continuing relevance of classical Islamic philosophy in guiding the development of an inclusive, morally grounded, and socially cohesive digital society.

The development of traditional markets is increasingly threatened by market transformation, both physically and through online sales systems (e-commerce). This study aims to analyze the forms of resilience implemented by clothing vendors at Wage Market, Tulungagung, in maintaining their business continuity amidst declining market conditions. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study research design. This research utilizes James S. Coleman's Rational Choice Theory. The methods used are observation, interviews, and documentation. The subjects in this study were six people consisting of four clothing vendors, the Head Coordinator of Wage Market, and the Heads of Market Technical Implementation Units throughout Tulungagung Regency. Subject selection was based on a purposive sampling technique. The results show that the forms of trader resilience consist of economic, innovation, social networks, and psychological aspects. Economically, traders maintain their businesses through managing capital owned by personal savings and cooperative loans. In terms of innovation, traders utilize simple technology and a variety of merchandise patterns. In terms of social networks, family support and solidarity among traders are the main strengths, while psychologically, optimism and religious beliefs help them survive. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of strengthening vendor strategies through digital marketing training and support for market revitalization policies from local governments to maintain the economic sustainability of vendors during times of market transformation.

The innovation of learning-based instructional videos holds great potential to enhance interaction during the learning process. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using learning-based videos compared to traditional teaching methods. Using a qualitative approach with classroom action research (CAR), data were collected from 91 students across two schools through questionnaires and direct observation. The findings reveal that video usage not only enhances students’ learning motivation but also fosters active engagement in class discussions. Visually and interactively presented videos assist students in understanding complex concepts, despite challenges such as technological limitations and insufficient teacher training. This study concludes that the innovation of video-based learning significantly contributes to improving teaching effectiveness and student motivation, emphasizing the need for improved technological infrastructure and teacher training to optimize technology-based learning.

This Community Service (PkM) activity focuses on the implementation of Quail Cultivation Counseling as a strategic effort to advance entrepreneurship among the Millennial Farmer Generation in Krebet Hamlet, Srengat, Blitar. This activity was motivated by the high economic potential of Quail and the need to improve the entrepreneurial competence of the younger generation in the livestock sector. The main goal of the program is to transform traditional cultivation into a structured, efficient, and sustainable modern business unit. The implementation method combines theoretical knowledge transfer with practical assistance in the field. The counseling material includes three pillars: 1) Business Scale Management, including capital management and strategies for increasing livestock population; 2) Quality Management and Livestock Health, emphasizing cage sanitation, feed, and quality vitamins; and 3) Marketing strategies to expand the distribution network. The results of the activities showed high effectiveness. Quantitatively, 80% of Millennial Farmer participants succeeded in implementing post-extension livestock population increases. Qualitatively, this activity fosters awareness, motivation, and a strategic entrepreneurial mindset so that participants are able to face production and market challenges. With this strategic practice, quail businesses are expected to increase profitability and competitiveness. This PKM serves as a catalyst in supporting economic independence and entrepreneurial development of the younger generation in the agribusiness sector.

Pediculus humanus capitis, according to the WHO, is classified as a skin disease and ectoparasite in the list of neglected tropical diseases. The cause can infect the scalp, leading to many children suffering from iron deficiency and anemia. Its spread occurs through shared items. Therefore, traditional insecticides such as srikaya seeds and kemiri seeds, which contain saponins and flavonoids capable of killing head lice, are required. The obective of this study is to determine the most effective concentration, compare their efficacy, and determine the killing time of both extracts. The experimental research method involved treatments at concentrations of 20%, 40%, and 60% with four repetitions. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of srikaya seed extract with kemiri seeds in terms of concentration and time on lice mortality, as shown by a two-way ANOVA test with a p-value of 0.000 (P<0.05). In the Tukey test, the average mortality rate for srikaya seeds was 4, and the average mortality rate for kemiri seeds was 3. The concentration of srikaya seed extract killed 50% of head lice LC50 at a dose of 0,14%, while the concentration of kemiri seed extract killed 50% of head lice at a dose of 0,28% with contact times of 30 and 60 minutes. This demonstrates that srikaya seed extract at a dose of 0,14% is effective in causing mortality in head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis)

This study analyzes the implementation of Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) principles in the 'Nusa Loe' program in Biting Village, East Manggarai. The ABCD approach emphasizes utilizing local assets such as social networks, cultural traditions, natural resources, and human skills as the foundation for sustainable development and community independence. The program begins with an asset mapping activity led by the community, enabling the identification of the village's strengths from five key aspects: human, social, natural, institutional, and cultural assets. Through active participation, the community designs and implements development activities based on local potentials, replacing the conventional development paradigm that focuses on deficiencies and needs. The qualitative research approach employs in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and data triangulation to understand the shifts in mindset and community empowerment. The findings show that the implementation of ABCD successfully transformed the community's mindset, previously dependent on external aid, into a more independent and self-confident one. For example, Mr. Petrus, who improved the economic value of local coffee products after attending a coffee roasting training, and Mrs. Maria, who emphasized the importance of social capital and solidarity in supporting the sustainability of village businesses. The strengthening of cultural assets and local traditions, such as the Caci dance and customary rituals, was also integrated into the village's development plans and institutional management. The 'Nusa Loe' program demonstrates that asset-based empowerment can build a self-reliant, innovative, and sustainable village in the face of development challenges.

Minimalist style, as one of the major streams of modern design, has developed rapidly and influenced various aspects of life, including furniture design in Aceh. Along with the increasing dominance of minimalism, the existence of traditional Acehnese ornamentation has declined in application and tends to stagnate through repetitive use of similar motifs. This study aims to integrate the aesthetic and symbolic values of Acehnese ornamentation into minimalist furniture design through a contextual design approach based on local wisdom. The research applies the Design Thinking method, encompassing stages of contextual exploration, formulation of aesthetic concepts, visual experimentation, and critical reflection. Visual experiments were carried out through manual sketches and digital reproduction using SketchUp, CorelDRAW X7, and Gopain. The study produced two furniture designs a document cabinet and an office desk which combine Acehnese ornaments derived from the tomb complex of Raja Jalil in Lam Lagang and the traditional house of Teungku Chik Awee Geutah in Bireuen. The findings reveal that integrating Acehnese ornamentation into minimalist design can create harmony between tradition and modernity without losing philosophical depth or local identity. The study highlights the significance of a contextual design approach as an innovative strategy for cultural preservation through contemporary furniture creation.

This research examines the complex dynamics of Islam-West interactions through a historical-analytical approach, focusing on the evolution of these relations from medieval encounters to contemporary developments. Using qualitative methods through extensive literature review and critical discourse analysis, this study analyzes the multifaceted nature of Islam-West relations across historical periods, contemporary contexts, and emerging paradigms of engagement. Findings reveal that Islam-West interactions have evolved through distinct historical phases: medieval encounters characterized by both intellectual exchange and military conflicts, colonial experiences that created lasting power asymmetries, and contemporary dynamics shaped by geopolitical tensions, migration patterns, and globalization. The research identifies three major contemporary challenges: persistent Orientalist and Islamophobic discourses, geopolitical conflicts intensifying civilizational narratives, and internal diversity within both civilizational spheres that complicates unified engagement. The study proposes a transformative model of Islam-West relations founded on shared ethical values, contextual understanding of religious texts, collaborative approaches to global challenges, and recognition of internal pluralism within both traditions. This research contributes to intercultural understanding by offering a nuanced historical perspective on Islam-West relations and establishing a theoretical framework for constructive engagement in an increasingly interconnected world

Mental health has become a major global issue, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic, which significantly increased the prevalence of psychological disorders. Early detection of stress and other mental health problems remains a major challenge, as traditional methods are generally subjective and unable to provide real-time results. This study aims to design and test a wearable sensor based on Heart Rate Variability (HRV) as a physiological indicator for detecting stress levels. The research employed an experimental approach through the development of a wearable sensor prototype equipped with a stress detection algorithm based on HRV analysis, including both time-domain and frequency-domain parameters. The prototype was tested on 100 respondents with varying stress levels under controlled conditions. Instruments used in this study included the HRV sensor prototype, psychological questionnaires, and standard validation devices. Data were analyzed by comparing the sensor detection results with respondents’ psychological data and calculating prediction accuracy. The findings showed that the wearable sensor was able to predict stress conditions with an accuracy rate of 80%. The distribution of sensor detection results was generally consistent with psychological data, especially in the low-stress category, although slight deviations were observed in moderate and high-stress categories. These results demonstrate that an HRV-based wearable sensor can serve as a practical and non-invasive tool to monitor mental conditions in real time. The implications of this research highlight the potential of wearable technology as an innovative solution for mental health monitoring, both for individual use and as support for healthcare systems. Therefore, this study contributes to the development of adaptive and responsive health technologies in addressing global mental health challenges.

The purpose of this study is to analyse the comparison of sensory characteristics between original putu ayu cake and a variant with a 25% substitution of kale leaf flour. The substitution of kale leaf flour is expected to serve as a natural alternative for coloring while also improving the cake's nutritional value. This research utilized a quantitative experimental approach, involving organoleptic testing with 62 panelists from the Brangsong Baru Housing. The panelists evaluated four sensory aspects: aroma, color, taste, and texture. The results from the organoleptic tests showed that substituting kale leaf flour positively influenced the aroma of the putu ayu cake without compromising its texture. However, the color and taste still require improvements to enhance the overall consumer acceptance of the cake. These findings highlight the potential of kale leaf flour as a functional ingredient in traditional cakes, offering a healthier alternative while maintaining the sensory qualities that consumers expect.