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This study examines the strategies and implications of online learning for children with intellectual disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children with special needs, including those with intellectual disabilities, require education tailored to their unique needs. This research uses a literature review method, prioritizing research articles published in the last 5 years to gather relevant data on distance learning and effective strategies for children with intellectual disabilities. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a shift from face-to-face to online learning, posing significant challenges for children with intellectual disabilities who have difficulty with logical thinking and require direct interaction to understand material. Online learning offers advantages such as time flexibility and the use of technology, but also has drawbacks such as a lack of direct interaction, resulting in a limited understanding of the material. Parents play a crucial role in supporting children during online learning, but they face challenges such as limited knowledge and motivation from the child. This study found that parents often struggle to explain material to their children and maintain their learning motivation. To overcome these obstacles, recommended strategies include the use of simple language, repetitive explanations, and real-life examples. Online learning also brings children and parents closer, allowing parents to better understand their child's nature and create a closer relationship. In conclusion, support from family and teachers is essential to enhancing the effectiveness of online learning for children with intellectual disabilities, and adapting appropriate strategies can help overcome various challenges encountered during the online learning process during the pandemic.

The intelligence of an elementary school teacher in delivering material needs to be supported by the family environment and the role of the student's parents. From here we know that improving and developing the quality of knowledge about Mathematics is important. Purwakarta State Elementary School students in Cilegon City find it easier to remember and understand Mathematics lessons if they enjoy doing it and are accompanied by real experiences in everyday life. The role of higher education through the Tridharma of Higher Education is to carry out education, research and community service. One form of this obligation and concern is that as a Permanent Lecturer or academic at Serang Raya University, I intend to carry out community service to the students of Purwakarta State Elementary School, Cilegon City through Arithmetic training. This community service aims to provide learning services that are tailored to the learning difficulties of students at the Purwakarta State Primary School, Cilegon City. This Community Service Activity (PKM) is carried out in the classrooms of each class. As a result of the tutoring activities carried out by tutors for students, it can be concluded that there has been an increase in student learning outcomes

The character of students at school is decreasing, especially the students. There are some students who are lazy about attending lessons, there are some students who skip school, there are students who do not take part in learning activities in a particular subject, and also the indifferent attitude of students in paying attention to the explanation of the teacher who is teaching in front of the class. Therefore, the role of the school committee is very necessary by collaborating with the school to find ways to guide students in character building. This research aims to determine the role of committees in developing student character as well as the obstacles faced by committees and schools in developing student character. The research method uses qualitative research, through observation, interview and documentation data collection techniques. Research subject; Mr. Husni as the School Committee, Erda Wika as Deputy Head of Public Relations and 3 parents, namely Mr. Hendri, Mrs. Evi Aidar and Mrs. Mariana. Research results: (1) Committee planning can be seen in determining tasks and goals in accordance with what is to be achieved. The committee also discusses the planning of the program that will be implemented, the planning is discussed together with the school community and parents/guardians of students using various delivery methods, where in the planning there is the formulation of objectives, formulating tasks and developing work strategies. (2) The Committee regulates the strategy for developing the character of students in accordance with the work agenda as discussed in the work agenda directly at school meetings or general meetings which also include parents, guardians/students. (3) The obstacles experienced occur more often outside the school environment, due to the lack of parental supervision of children so that they are more likely to enter into free association. Meanwhile, in terms of funding, the obstacle experienced by the committee is that most parents of students are economically weak, because a weak economy can also be a problem or obstacle for students who want to go to school.

Gadgets are one of the electronic items that have become special devices that must be owned by every social creature, because with gadgets, all problems or affairs can be solved more easily and quickly. Addiction is an activity or substance that is done repeatedly and can cause negative effects. This study aims to determine the role of parents in overcoming gadget addiction in early childhood. The theory used in this study is the theory of Kwon, 2013. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data collection techniques use interviews, observations, and documentation. Analyze data by means of data reduction, data presentation, and summary. The results of this study show the role of parents in overcoming children addicted to gadgets in early childhood.

This research was conducted with the aim of finding out the importance of consultation and collaboration in a school setting as well as increasing consultation and collaboration in the school environment to support students in solving problems or developing the students' potential. The methods used in collecting data are observation, interviews, literature and documentation. The results obtained from this research are the importance of the role of consultation and collaboration in increasing the role of students in society and themselves. In collaboration and consultation in schools, various parties are involved, such as subject teachers, homeroom teachers, parents, school principals and friends. peers are also guidance and counseling teachers. It is important that collaboration and consultation in schools involve cooperation and active participation by involving various parties. Consultation and collaboration can create a learning environment that is inclusive, supportive, and focuses on the quality of education.

This study investigates the influence of parental involvement on elementary school students' academic achievement. Using a qualitative approach, this research collected data through in-depth interviews and participant observation involving 20 parents and 10 teachers from several elementary schools. The research results show that parental involvement has a significant impact on student academic achievement. The most influential forms of involvement include assistance with learning at home, effective communication with teachers, and providing motivation and emotional support to children. Data analysis shows that students whose parents are actively involved in their education tend to have better grades and show greater interest in learning. Previous research results show that parental involvement can increase students' learning motivation and academic results. In addition, this research found several problems faced by parents, including limited time and lack of confidence in helping their children. To overcome this obstacle, it is recommended that schools provide training programs for parents and strengthen communication with them through regular meetings and communication technology. Overall, this research states that the role of parents is very important in supporting the academic achievement of elementary school students and promoting stronger collaboration between schools and parents to create a supportive learning environment.

This research analyzes the effect of parental guidance on the reading ability of children aged 5-6 years.  Based on a systematic review of twelve articles, it was found that parents' active involvement in reading activities had a significant impact on children's reading abilities.  Positive parenting patterns, such as democratic parenting, and the routine of reading together at home contribute greatly to the development of children's reading abilities.  This research is a Systematic Review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses method or commonly called PRISMA.  The research sample consisted of twelve articles published in the 2019-2024 period.  The results showed that children who received intensive guidance from parents showed significant improvements in reading ability compared to children who received minimal guidance.  Parents' education and economic factors also influence the effectiveness of the guidance provided.  This conclusion emphasizes the important role of parents in supporting early childhood reading development through positive and supportive interactions.

Teacher professional development in the digital era is a complex challenge influenced by various interrelated factors. This study aims to analyze the main factors that influence the development of teachers' professional competencies in a digital context. Digital technologies, including internet access, hardware, software, and online learning platforms, are key elements in improving teachers' competencies. Training and professional development that emphasizes the use of technology in learning is essential to prepare teachers for these changes. Support from school leadership and government through policies, programs and incentives also play an important role in supporting teachers to develop digital skills. Adaptive and flexible curricula enable the integration of technology in teaching, while collaboration between schools, teachers, parents and communities creates a supportive environment for teachers' professional development. Teachers' intrinsic motivation to continuously learn and adapt to changes in technology and pedagogy is influential. With good management of these factors, the quality of teaching and student learning outcomes can improve, as well as advance the teaching profession in the digital era.    

This study aims to evaluate the impact of environmental factors on children's criminal behavior. The underlying problem of this study is that the increase in criminality among children is often influenced by the environment in which they grow up. Environmental factors such as the family's economic situation, social environment, quality of education and level of parental supervision are the main focus of this study. Based on social and child development theories, the environment plays an important role in shaping individual behavior, including the tendency to commit criminal acts. This research uses the literature study method. Data were collected without directly involving the research subjects, but rather through data collection methods. The research adopted a comprehensive literature review approach with a focus on in-depth analysis and synthesis of findings from various relevant literatures. The results show that children raised in an environment with low economic conditions, lack of attention from parents, and exposure to negative social environments tend to be more prone to engage in criminal behavior. As a solution, this study recommends improving the quality of education, educating parents on the importance of supervision, and effective social rehabilitation programs for children involved in criminal acts. It is hoped that these findings can contribute to efforts to prevent criminality among children through a more comprehensive environmental approach.

In the 2024 election, various child protection institutions reminded the importance of creating child-friendly elections. Exploitation of children in political activities, especially election campaigns, is a serious violation of children's rights and is contrary to the Child Protection Law and the Convention on the Rights of the Child. To protect children's rights, a strategy involving strict law enforcement is needed against violations involving children in political campaigns. In addition, the school environment plays an active role by providing extracurricular activities and study groups to fill children's free time, as well as providing an understanding of the role of parents in protecting children from political activities that are not appropriate for their age and development. With a normative approach, namely by researching library materials or can be said to be library research. a comprehensive understanding of child exploitation in elections, namely covering; first, we will discuss various forms of child exploitation in the context of elections; secondly, it will explore the impact of child exploitation on children themselves as well as on the democratic process more broadly. Final; The third will present recommendations and strategies to protect children's rights and reduce exploitative practices in elections. Cooperation between the government, political parties and society is needed to prevent and take action against these violations. Public education about the dangers of involving children in political activities is needed to increase public awareness, especially parents, about the importance of protecting children from political exploitation.

Factors causing low reading knowledge among students at SD Yayasan Duta Harapan Bukit Sion Medan include the social, economic and educational conditions of the school environment. Factors such as limited access to various reading materials, lack of family support for reading habits, and uninteresting learning methods may be the main causes. In addition, students' intrinsic factors such as lack of interest in reading and undeveloped reading skills also need to be considered. This research is important in identifying the problems and developing appropriate strategies to improve reading skills in the school. This study aims to analyze the factors that cause low reading knowledge at SD Yayasan Duta Harapan Bukit Sion. This method uses a qualitative approach, where data is collected through interviews with teachers and students. The results showed that some of the factors causing students' low reading skills are laziness, physical or psychological disorders, lack of interest and the use of technology. Teachers play an important role in preparing interesting lesson plans, providing special support and using technology. Literacy in schools helps improve students' interest and reading skills through habituation, development and gradual learning. The implications of the findings highlight the need for collaborative efforts between schools and parents to improve reading skills in schools.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) plays an important role in the world of education today, especially in the learning process. This research aims to review the role of ICT in increasing effective interaction in learning through library research methods. A qualitative approach is used with a focus on analyzing relevant scientific literature from various sources such as academic journals, books, review articles, and other online sources. The results of the analysis show that ICT provides opportunities to present learning material in an interactive and interesting way, improve communication and collaboration, personalize learning, support distance learning, and increase student learning motivation. However, challenges such as limited access, teacher skills and parent involvement need to be overcome. Suggested solutions include providing adequate ICT infrastructure, training for teachers, and education for parents. By paying attention to these factors, ICT can be an effective tool for increasing interaction in learning and improving the overall quality of education. The integrity of the use of ICT in the learning process will help create a conducive and enjoyable learning environment for all students.  

Bullying in elementary schools has become an increasingly serious problem in recent years. Bullying behaviors, such as physical, verbal and psychological abuse, can have a significant negative impact on children's development. This study aims to identify the factors that cause bullying in elementary schools and evaluate effective prevention and treatment strategies. The research method used is library research, which is a research method by collecting data by understanding and studying theories from various literatures related to the research. The results showed that the factors causing bullying in elementary schools include: lack of supervision and intervention from the school, peer influence, and unfavorable family conditions. To overcome the problem of bullying, a comprehensive effort is needed that involves all elements of the school, family and community. Some recommended strategies are: increasing the capacity of teachers in handling bullying cases, developing anti-bullying programs that are integrated in the school curriculum, and empowering parents and communities to play an active role in preventing and dealing with bullying.

This research aims to describe the role of teachers in 21st century learning for elementary school students in the independent curriculum.  In this research, the method used is qualitative descriptive analysis with a library research approach, namely an approach that focuses on literature analysis.  Researchers collect data from various written sources such as books, journals and other references.  Based on the research results, it shows that in 21st century learning teachers have a very important and crucial role in the learning process and development of students' skills based on 4C skills (communication, critical thinking, collaboration and creativity).  It is hoped that 21st century learning for elementary school students through the independent curriculum can develop students' potential and skills to compete with developments that are increasingly developing day by day.  The implementation of the independent curriculum in elementary schools also plays a role in creating empowered students, able to adapt to current developments through a project to strengthen the profile of Pancasila students.  Therefore, it is hoped that there will be collaboration and support from parents, school principals and the government so as to produce a young generation who are intelligent, have character and are ready to face the future. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana peran guru dalam pembelajaran abad-21 pada siswa sekolah dasar di kurikulum merdeka. Dalam penelitian ini, metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan library research, yaitu pendekatan yang berfokus pada analisis literatur. Peneliti mengumpulkan data dari berbagai sumber tertulis seperti buku, jurnal, dan referensi lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pembelajaran abad-21 guru memiliki peran yang sangat penting dan krusial dalam proses pembelajaran dan pengembangan keterampilan siswa berdasarkan keterampilan 4C (communication, critical thinking, collaboration, dan creativity). Pembelajaran abad-21 pada siswa sekolah dasar melalui kurikulum merdeka diharapkan dapat mengembangkan potensi dan keterampilan siswa untuk bersaing dengan perkembangan zaman yang kian hari makin berkembang. Implementasi kurikulum merdeka di sekolah dasar juga berperan untuk menciptakan siswa yang berdaya, mampu beradaptasi dengan perkembangan zaman melalui projek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila. Oleh karena itu diharapkan adanya kolaborasi dan dukungan  dari orang tua, kepala sekolah dan pemerintah sehingga menghasilkan generasi muda yang cerdas, berkarakter, dan siap menghadapi masa depan.

. In this era, globalization and information technology play a very important role in human life. Playing a role in selecting consumer products, people rely on technology and information media in selecting goods that suit their needs. This research aims to determine the content of the da'wah message in the Pepsodent Siwak advertisement and to determine the meaning of connotation and denotation in the Pepsodent Siwak advertisement. The research approach used by literature (library research) is descriptive qualitative and the analysis uses Roland Barthes' semiotic analysis method, regarding the content of the Pepsodent Siwak advertisement's Da'wah message. The research results show that: 1) the denotational meaning of the Pepsodent advertisement is that there is still a lack of awareness among Indonesian people about brushing their teeth morning and night, especially parents. Meanwhile, the connotation means that a father as a role model for children often does not set a good example for children, and this advertisement shows that there is more closeness between father and child. The myth that emerges is the closeness of boys to their fathers and the myth that adult men do not pay enough attention to dental and oral health. 2) The content of the da'wah message is divided into three dimensions, namely the faith dimension, the moral dimension and the sharia dimension. The specific social meaning and impact as a symbol of the message of Islamic da'wah in the Pepsodent Siwak advertisement in society is that it aims to seek salvation in the afterlife.

Drug use is a serious problem that not only impacts individuals personally, but also disrupts social stability and the welfare of society at large. This does not only happen in certain circles, but reaches various levels of society, including teenagers and youth. Factors such as a lack of understanding of the risks, environmental stress, and a lack of social support contribute to worsening the situation. This research aims to analyze the background, causal factors, impacts, and efforts to prevent drug abuse using a theologically based contextual approach. In this research, a qualitative descriptive method was applied by analyzing various literature references. Findings show that drug abuse has a detrimental impact on individuals' physical and mental health, affects social stability, and threatens the future of young people. Prevention efforts involving the role of parents, educational institutions, society and religion are crucial in overcoming this problem. A theologically based contextual approach is also proposed as a strategy that can strengthen understanding of the dangers of drugs and encourage individuals to take a wiser attitude in dealing with them. Thus, this research contributes to increasing understanding of the complexity of drug abuse problems and assists in the development of more effective prevention strategies.

Parenting or parenting is a relationship between parents and children who are close and share effective parenting models. Technological advances in the era of globalization have greatly influenced the parenting process which is no longer limited to local culture. Various problems arise related to parenting and communication between parents and children. Interpersonal communication is communication carried out in two directions individually or in groups which elicits responses from both. This research aims to describe the application of digital parenting concepts by parents to children aged 2 -5 years in RT005/RW 007 Gunung Anyar Emas Housing Complex and determine the role of digital parenting in interpersonal communication between parents and children aged 2 -5 years. The method used is qualitative with a descriptive analysis approach. The subjects studied were parents and children aged 2-5 years, totaling 5 people who implemented digital parenting. The research results showed that the application of the digital parenting concept includes: 1) implementing rules and agreements in using gadgets; 2) guiding and accompanying children; 3) use child mode as parental control; 4) balance children's play time. In this way, interpersonal communication between parents and children develops as expected. This means that children's use of gadgets does not have a negative effect. This cannot be separated from the role of parents in caring for children digitally.

This research aims to analyze the effect of imposing sanctions on perpetrators of the crime of child sexual intercourse in decision number 4/pid.sus-anak/2022/PN.Lbo. This research is normative research by dissecting problems related to rules or norms, principles and regulations as well as court decisions, and analyzed descriptively. The research results show the factors that influence the judge in handing down decision number 4/Pid.Sus-Anak/2022/PN.Lbo regarding the crime of child sexual intercourse, seen from both juridical and non-juridical aspects, which pay attention to the charges given by the public prosecutor, the facts of the trial and is based on two valid pieces of evidence, namely the testimony of the witness and the defendant. Non-juridical considerations are that the perpetrator admits his actions and mistakes, promises not to repeat them; the perpetrator has never been convicted and makes a statement that he will be responsible for what he did; and act kindly and politely during the trial. Therefore, judges in examining sexual relations cases must be more proportional and prioritize conscience, especially in terms of providing protection to victims, considering the long-lasting effects on the future of children and the nation. Parents are expected to increase supervision and vigilance towards their children, especially girls so that they do not become victims of criminal acts. Apart from that, society and the government are expected to maximize the role and function of protecting children as the next generation

The Society 5.0 era is a new era that is a development of the 4.0 revolution era. This new era has positive and negative impacts with all the shopistication of digital technology. In an effort to minimize the negative impact of Society 5.0 Era, one of the things that can be done is to foster and strengthen the character of the younger generation through Pancasila and Citizhenship Education. This will help the younger generation to face technological advances armed with a sense of nationalism and Pancasila values. In this case, the role of parents and teachers is very important in shaping the character of the younger generation, in this case, students in elementary school. By using a good method, it will make the delivery to students easier to understand and implement.

Learning mathematics is one of the subjects in school. Negative assumptions about mathematics are one of the reasons for difficulties in learning it.  This research discusses the importance of teacher readiness in the mathematics learning process in inclusive classes. This readiness includes the preparation of a Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) carried out by teachers by adapting to the needs of all students, including children with special needs (ABK). This research uses the library study method to collect information from various sources, including journals, books and government documents. Inclusive education aims to provide fair educational services for all students, including ABK, by adjusting the curriculum and appropriate learning methods. Special assistant teachers (GPK) play an important role in accompanying and assisting ABK during the learning process. This research highlights the importance of modifications in preparing lesson plans and implementing appropriate interventions to support successful mathematics learning in inclusive classes. RPP adjustments are made by adding notes to the adjusted components, ensuring there is no discrimination against students with special needs. This research shows that inclusive education can increase access to education for all children, including those with special needs, so that they can learn together in a friendly and supportive environment. This research provides insight into the importance of learning modifications and collaboration between class teachers, GPK, and parents to create an inclusive and effective learning environment for ABK.