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This study examines the relationship between economic development in Medan City and the quality of human resources (HR). Medan, as the third largest city in Indonesia, needs to optimise the quality of human capital to reach its full economic potential. Four previous studies were analysed to understand the influence of human resource quality on urban economic dynamics. The results showed that increased organisational commitment, technology utilisation, and human resource capacity development are positively correlated with improved financial statement quality and economic growth. In addition, sustainable management of natural resources also plays a role in promoting economic growth. This study emphasises the importance of government intervention in improving education standards and HR competencies to create jobs and reduce unemployment. Thus, Medan City's economic development planning should be integrative and sustainable with a focus on improving the quality of human resources and optimising local potential as the main foundation of community welfare.

Childbirth is a process of expelling the results of conception (fetus and placenta), which can live to the outside world, from the uterus through the birth canal or by other means. During labor, the uterus contracts and pushes the baby down to the cervix. This study aims to determine the Effect of Deep Back Massage on Reducing Pain in the First Stage of Active Labor at BPM Pera, Medan City in 2024. This type of research is Experimental research. A research design used to find a causal relationship with the involvement of research in manipulating the independent variables. The population is 20 mothers giving birth at BPM Pera, Medan City in 2025, namely 10 people in the Treatment Group and 10 people in the Control Group. The data analysis technique uses t-test analysis. The results obtained in this study are the results of the t-test, namely the results of the paired test-test showed p = 0.011 (p <0.05) and t count = 11,768> from t table = 9,200 which proves that there is an effect of giving deep back massage on the level of labor pain in mothers who are giving birth to reduce labor pain.

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the direct influence of Servicescape, Brand Image and Customer Satisfaction on Repurchase Intention and to see the role of Customer Satisfaction as an intervening variable. The research method used is descriptive associative using a sample of 150 respondents. The data analysis method used is (Partial Least Square) PLS using the Smart PLS application. The results showed that Servicescape and Customer Satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on Repurchase Intention; Brand Image has a positive but not significant effect on Repurchase Intention; Servicescape and Brand Image have a positive and significant effect on Customer Satisfaction; Servicescape and Brand Image have a positive and significant effect on Repurchase intention through customer satisfaction at Customer Maxx Coffee in Medan.

Sleep quality is very important for health, good quality sleep is needed by patients in healing and physical recovery. Sleep quality can occur through the pain felt and physical activity as well as stress levels. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between physical activity and stress levels on the sleep quality of post-operative patients at Mitra Medika Tanjung Mulia RSU. The research design used in this study used an analytical survey with a cross sectional approach using the chi-square test. The population in this study were post-operative patients at RSU Mitra Medika Medan, with a population of 400 people, while the sample used was random sampling, totaling 80 respondents. The results of the study show that physical activity affects sleep quality (p value = 0.046), and stress levels affect sleep quality (p value = 0.029). Conclusion: There is a relationship between physical activity and stress levels on sleep quality in post-operative patients.

TB is one of the 10 causes of death and the primary cause of infectious agents in the world. Some of the influencing factors are behavioral factors, namely knowledge, attitude and behavior in the implementation of routine medication compliance. The method used was observational descriptive with 25 participants who were patients at Imelda Workers' Hospital in Medan. The PkM team provided the material in question: 1) Definition of tuberculosis disease, 2) health education about dietary fulfillment 3) how to regulate the diet of tuberculosis sufferers, 4) increasing knowledge and skills. After the implementation of the activity: 1) Definition of tuberculosis (TB) for the majority of good as many as 25 people, 2) health education about the fulfillment of the good majority diet for 20 people, 3) how to manage the diet of the majority of people with tuberculosis as many as 16 people, 4) improvement of knowledge of tuberculosis treatment for the majority of good as many as 21 people. The increase in knowledge and skills of participants is because the community has a great desire to treat and prevent dengue fever in family members at home.

Extortion by illegal parking attendants is very troubling to the community, especially motorists, and law enforcement should be carried out. Based on the description above, the author is interested in making the problem a research entitled Restorative Justice as an Approach in Law Enforcement Against Perpetrators of Extortion Crimes. This journal aims to describe and analyze the factors that cause the crime of extortion and the role of restorative justice as a method of law enforcement against the perpetrators of the crime of extortion. The research method used in this study is empirical juridical research. There are several factors that cause the occurrence of extortion crimes, namely economic, environmental, educational, lack of supervision and law enforcement and lack of legal awareness in the community. The Medan Sunggal Police enforce the law through alternative or restorative justice. Restorative justice is the settlement of criminal cases by involving the perpetrator, the victim, the perpetrator/victim's family, and other related parties to jointly seek a fair settlement by emphasizing restoration to the original state, and not retaliation.

This research aims to analyze the policies implemented by SPNF-SKB Medan City in providing non-formal education for the community. This institution plays an important role in providing equal access to education, skills training and socio-cultural development. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach involving interviews and field observations. The research results show that the programs held at SPNF-SKB Medan City, such as Packages A, B, and C, have contributed greatly to improving the education of people who do not have access to formal education. Apart from that, the skills training provided is able to improve people's abilities in the world of work and entrepreneurship. However, budget constraints are the main challenge in developing this educational service. This research suggests the need for further support from the government and collaboration with other institutions to overcome these barriers and expand the reach of non-formal education services.

The skill of reading is referred to as mahārah qirā’ah in Arabic, which is the third skill after mahārah istima’ and mahārah kalām. In the Arabic Language Education program, some students come from non-boarding school backgrounds and may not have studied Arabic extensively before. This condition can present several challenges, especially in reading Arabic texts. The aim of this study is to analyze the factors that contribute to the difficulty in reading Arabic texts among students from non-boarding school backgrounds in the Arabic Language Education program at UINSU, batch 2021. The method used in this study is qualitative research, with data collection techniques including observation, interviews/questionnaires with five students, and a literature review of previous research. The results of this study show that factors affecting the difficulty in reading Arabic texts among non-boarding school students include their educational background, a lack of understanding of nahwu (syntax) and sharf (morphology), insufficient vocabulary mastery, and a lack of interest in learning Arabic. This study reveals these factors in order to raise awareness among educators about the issue and encourage students to improve their skills in learning Arabic.

This study examines the relationship between economic development in Medan City and the quality of human resources (HR). Medan, as the third largest city in Indonesia, needs to optimise the quality of human capital to reach its full economic potential. Four previous studies were analysed to understand the influence of human resource quality on urban economic dynamics. The results showed that increased organisational commitment, technology utilisation, and human resource capacity development are positively correlated with improved financial statement quality and economic growth. In addition, sustainable management of natural resources also plays a role in promoting economic growth. This study emphasises the importance of government intervention in improving education standards and HR competencies to create jobs and reduce unemployment. Thus, Medan City's economic development planning should be integrative and sustainable with a focus on improving the quality of human resources and optimising local potential as the main foundation of community welfare.

The development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is very important in supporting economic growth in the city of Medan. In the context of sharia economics, MSMEs act as the backbone of the economy, creating jobs, diversifying products, and empowering communities. However, they are faced with challenges such as limited access to capital, education, and regulations. This research analyzes the role of MSMEs from a sharia perspective, identifies challenges, and provides policy recommendations. The results show that MSMEs play an important role in overcoming poverty, creating diverse local products, and supporting an inclusive economy. Therefore, solutions are needed to financial, educational, marketing and regulatory challenges. Support from the government, financial institutions and universities together with sharia economic development can optimize the contribution of MSMEs in supporting sustainable economic growth in Medan City. In this way, MSMEs can become a driving force for economic growth which will have a positive impact on the people of Medan City.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play an important role in encouraging economic equity in Indonesia by encouraging economic growth, encouraging innovation and creativity, and reducing unemployment. Among the various MSME sectors, the culinary business stands out because it is very promising due to the universal food needs. One of the culinary businesses, Roti Bakar Bahagia, located in Medang Lestari, Tangerang Regency, shows significant growth potential but faces challenges in optimizing digital marketing and payment systems. To overcome these challenges, community service activities are carried out to increase the digital presence and digital payment infrastructure of the business. The assistance provided includes designing and making logos, designing and recreating menu lists, creating Google Maps lists, and integrating digital payment systems through QRIS. These efforts proved to be very beneficial, equipping Roti Bakar Bahagia to increase its competitiveness and sustain growth in the dynamic culinary market.

Implementation of Law no. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics in Medan City is an important issue in the context of legal protection for children involved as narcotics dealers. This research aims to analyze how the narcotics law is applied in cases involving children, as well as things that are considered in the law enforcement process and how criminal proceedings are carried out in the juvenile criminal justice system. This research provides an in-depth understanding of the application of special regulations, namely Law no. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics, while still considering Law no. 11 of 2012 which regulates the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. This approach aims to ensure legal protection for children involved in narcotics crimes, so that the law can be applied fairly and protect children's rights. This research utilizes empirical juridical legal methods, where the main data is obtained through direct interviews with judges serving at the Special Class IA Medan District Court, thus enabling researchers to obtain relevant and in-depth perspectives regarding the application of this law in real practice in the judicial environment.

Education is an ongoing issue that continues to be researched over time. Private universities established by foundations are required to make efforts to enhance the competencies of their graduates, which results in high competitiveness. This study aims to examine the antecedents of lecturer performance and its impact on graduate competence at Medan city. The factors studied in the antecedents include: foundation management, university governance, and dean leadership and their effects on graduate competence. The population in this research is final semester students of the Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics, at nine private universities in Medan City. The sample selection in this study was carried out using multi-stage sampling, starting with purposive sampling of private universities and incidental sampling of students. The total sample in this study comprises 576 students representing the nine private universities proportionally. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). This research concludes: (1) Foundation management has a positive and significant effect on university governance. (2) Foundation management has a direct positive and significant effect on dean leadership. (3) University governance has a positive and significant effect on lecturer performance. (4) University management has a positive and significant effect on dean leadership. (5) University governance has a positive and significant effect on lecturer performance. (6) Dean leadership has a positive and significant effect on lecturer performance. (7) Lecturer performance has a positive and significant effect on graduate competence. (8) Foundation management has a positive and significant effect on dean leadership through university governance.

This study aims to deeply analyze the role of religious literacy in improving maharah qira'ah (reading ability) at SMP Pahlawan Nasional Kota Medan. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach, this study explores data thoroughly regarding students' ability to read the Qur'an and its relationship to the religious literacy program implemented at the school. Data collection methods include memorization and Qur'an reading tests, observation of reading abilities, and surveys to explore students' perceptions of the importance of religious literacy. The results show that the majority of students still require intensive guidance in reading the Qur'an. In each class, only a few students are able to read the Qur'an and pronounce Arabic correctly, although their fluency is still lacking. Most students are not able to read the Qur'an fluently, and some still struggle to distinguish hijaiyah letters. These findings indicate the need for a systematic and intensive religious literacy program to help students improve their maharah qira'ah skills. Additionally, a more personalized teaching approach is necessary to address the specific challenges students face in reading the Qur'an.

This study discusses the design of a goods storage information system at the Medan Class A Search and Rescue Office to improve the efficiency and accuracy of goods management management. This system is designed to automate the process of storing and tracking goods, which has been done manually and often causes various problems such as tracking difficulties and data inaccuracies. The results of the implementation show that this information system is able to minimize errors, reduce the risk of loss of goods, and ensure the availability of important equipment in real-time. Despite challenges such as user resistance and resource requirements, careful planning and proper training overcame these obstacles. In conclusion, this system contributes significantly in improving the operational performance of the Medan Class A Search and Rescue Office.

The topic of this research is language ambiguity that is often spoken by every student in English Literature A class of 2024 at Medan State University. This research aims to answer "what types of language ambiguity are often spoken by students in their communication on everyday classes?". This research applies Kent Bach's theory of language ambiguity to answer this question, this theory is relevant to help this research. The method used in this research is qualitative research and also observation to each suspect in daily life in the classroom. To clarify what kind of language ambiguity is often spoken in the daily life of English Literature A students class of 2024, the researcher provides some sentences that look and sound "ambiguous" that have been spoken by students in their daily life in class. The results of this study are expected to provide new insights into how language ambiguity is used, either consciously or unconsciously, in students' daily interactions.

A Critical nursing care is a process for problem solving, decision making as well as an organized and systematic approach to nursing problems. Nursing care must be carried out completely and accurately because it is the nurse's self-defense against demands as well as proof that the correct nursing care has been carried out. The research objective is to find out the description of the implementation of critical nursing care in Emergency Room of Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan 2023. The research design used is a descriptive research design. There are two populations in this study, namely nursing actions and documentation of critical nursing care, the sampling technique used purposive sampling 51 respondents and total sampling (critical nursing care documentation) as many as 68 respondents. The data collection instrument uses observation sheets for nursing actions consisting of infusions, ECG usage and oxygen therapy, as well as critical nursing care using observation sheets consisting of assessment, diagnosis, intervention/implementation and evaluation. The results show that the infusion was according to the SOP, the use of ECG was according to the SOP and sufficient oxygen therapy is according to the SOP for 51 respondents (100%). Critical nursing care complete review 65 (96%), diagnosis quite complete 48 (71%), complete intervention/implementation 65 (96%), complete evaluation 67 (99%) and documentation of critical nursing care majority complete 65 (96%) of 68 respondents. It is expected to be able to improve the accuracy and completeness of nursing care documentation through training for each officer.

The police are a civil public intermediary that regulates order and law. Police officers as state servants must uphold humanitarian values ​​and be an example for society. As stated in the oath and promise of members of the Indonesian National Police. This is stated in the opening of the code of ethics of the Indonesian National Police profession. According to Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the Indonesian National Police. The function of the police is one of the functions of the state government in the field of maintaining public security and order, law enforcement, protection, shelter, and service to the community. The problem raised is the working relationship between police function units in disclosing criminal acts at the Medan Helvetia Police. The method used in discussing the formulation of the problem is normative legal research. Normative legal research is an approach carried out based on primary legal materials by examining theories, concepts, legal principles and laws and regulations related to this research. The working relationship between the police functional units in disclosing criminal acts at the Medan Helvetia Police, namely starting from the SPKT Unit of the Medan Helvetia Police coordinating with the police functional units at the Medan Helvetia Police to conduct a crime scene check (TKP); the Samapta Unit carries out security around the house object; the Intelkam Unit conducts an investigation into the case, collects information or (Pulbaket); the Criminal Investigation Unit conducts an in-depth investigation at the crime scene; the Traffic Unit regulates traffic around the crime scene; the Binmas Unit coordinates with the Head of the Environment and local sub-district and the Samapta Unit of the Medan Helvetia Police carries out patrols in the area. Meanwhile, the factors that hinder the working relationship between the police functional units in disclosing criminal acts at the Medan Helvetia Police are external factors such as the lack of public knowledge of the importance of handling the crime scene (TKP); time factors; weather factors. While internal factors consist of being less careful or careless towards an object; lack of facilities and infrastructure for officers; quality of identification officers; facilities and infrastructure.

A Critical nursing care is a process for problem solving, decision making as well as an organized and systematic approach to nursing problems. Nursing care must be carried out completely and accurately because it is the nurse's self-defense against demands as well as proof that the correct nursing care has been carried out. The research objective is to find out the description of the implementation of critical nursing care in Emergency Room of Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan 2023. The research design used is a descriptive research design. There are two populations in this study, namely nursing actions and documentation of critical nursing care, the sampling technique used purposive sampling 51 respondents and total sampling (critical nursing care documentation) as many as 68 respondents. The data collection instrument uses observation sheets for nursing actions consisting of infusions, ECG usage and oxygen therapy, as well as critical nursing care using observation sheets consisting of assessment, diagnosis, intervention/implementation and evaluation. The results show that the infusion was according to the SOP, the use of ECG was according to the SOP and sufficient oxygen therapy is according to the SOP for 51 respondents (100%). Critical nursing care complete review 65 (96%), diagnosis quite complete 48 (71%), complete intervention/implementation 65 (96%), complete evaluation 67 (99%) and documentation of critical nursing care majority complete 65 (96%) of 68 respondents. It is expected to be able to improve the accuracy and completeness of nursing care documentation through training for each officer.

Tourism and architecture are two things that cannot be separated in its development. Architecture plays an important role in organizing and maintaining a tourism area so that it can still provide a beautiful visual image. (Mill and Morrison, 1985). Architectural works, especially those that i k onik are used as attractions in the world of tourism and a da two roles of architecture, namely Menjadikan architectural works as objects of attraction and disain architecture to accommodate tourism activities.   Taking into account the components of the tourism industry 5 A (attraction, accessibility, amenity, accommodation, awarness), then architectural works contribute to 3 components, namely Attraction: presenting artificial tourist destinations in the form of iconic areas buildings, Amenity: restaurant buildings, cafes, tourism information centers, museums and accommodation: hotel buildings, resorts, home stay. This study was conducted to find out more about maintaining a tourism area so that it can still provide a beautiful visual image. The theories used in this study are Empowerment theory, Social Capital Theory, Commodification Theory. This research uses a qualitative approach, using primary data as well as secondary data through observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this study is qualitativ.