Publication Search

Insomnia is one of the main disorders in initiating and maintaining sleep among the elderly. Insomnia is defined as a complaint about a lack of quality sleep caused by one of the reasons why it is difficult to get into sleep, frequent awakenings at night and then difficulty getting back to sleep, waking up too early, and not sleeping well. The poor quality of sleep in the elderly is caused by increased sleep latency, reduced sleep efficiency and early awakening due to the aging process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation therapy on insomnia in the elderly in posbindu, patikraja village. This type of research is one group pretest-posttest with pre-experimental. The sample size used in this study was 19 respondents. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Methods of data collection using a questionnaire. The statistical test used in this study was the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test with 0.05. The results of this study note that there are differences before and after being given progressive muscle relaxation therapy. The results of the analysis of the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test obtained a p value of 0.000 <0.05, meaning that there is an effect of progressive muscle relaxation therapy on changes in insomnia in the elderly in Posbindu, Patikraja Village.

This research is specifically to find out how the principal's leadership in improving teacher performance at SD Islam Integral Luqman Al Hakim 02 Batam, the factors that can influence and factors that can improve teacher performance, are expected. By knowing all that, some suggestions can be given that can be taken into consideration for school principals, especially in improving the performance of teachers in their schools. The essence of the principal's leadership is aimed at guiding and fostering teachers to become professional teachers and have achievements and performance and teaching skills. The teacher is the most decisive component in the education system as a whole, which must receive central attention. This figure will always be a strategic spotlight when talking about education issues, because teachers are always associated with any component in the education system, especially in relation to the teaching and learning process. With a professional teacher, a further goal, namely improving student learning outcomes will be achieved. It is the principal's duty as a leader to assist teachers in improving teacher professionalism and performance. While there are still many teachers who in carrying out learning activities have not met expectations. Therefore, the author needs to examine the pattern of Principal Leadership in an effort to improve teacher performance at SD Islam Integral Luqman Al Hakim 02 Batam. From the results of the study it was stated that the principal's leadership was considered good, but had not had a positive impact on improving teacher performance at SD Islam Integral Luqman Al Hakim 02 Batam While the performance of teachers at SD Islam Integral Luqman Al Hakim 02 Batam is considered good, but has not run optimally as expected, this is due to the lack of teacher ability in preparing learning tools, especially Learning Implementation Plans, inadequate school facilities and infrastructure, and also the difficulties of teachers in creating educational interactions between students and teachers, as well as the difficulty of creating a conducive classroom. However, at the level of evaluation/assessment of learning outcomes, the average teacher has implemented it well and added remedial and enrichment programs

Productivity is an indicator of a company's performance. In 2021 to 2023, a precast concrete construction and manufacturing company had difficulty achieving its spun pile production target of 3,480 tons/month. This condition causes the company's productivity to fluctuate and tend to decrease overall. This study aims to evaluate the decline in productivity by measuring the value of productivity based on 3 criteria, namely material, labor and machine criteria. The method used is Objective Matrix (OMAX). The productivity value in the production years 2021 to 2023 fluctuates with a downward average value. The highest productivity value in the 2021 production year occurred in period 8 with a value of 748 while the lowest productivity value occurred in period 6 with a value of 170. The highest productivity value in the 2022 production year occurred in period 21 with a value of 638 while the lowest productivity value occurred in period 14 with a value of 166. The highest productivity value in production year 2023 occurs in period 26 with a value of 966 while the lowest productivity value occurs in period 27 with a value of 0. Criteria that contribute less to productivity and need to be improved are labor criteria that show values below the average. While the material and machinery criteria show values that tend to be below average. While the material and machine criteria show values that tend to be good, with the application of OMAX, PT XYZ can improve partial productivity and total productivity in the future and identify factors that cause a decrease in productivity.

This research aims to determine the application of the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) model in learning to write personal letters for class VII students at SMPN 1 Gunungwungkal Pati. Based on the results of observations, there is a problem with class VII students at SMPN 1 Gunungwungkal Pati, namely that students still have difficulty using the right words and writing a message on personal letter writing material, because the learning model used by the teacher is not appropriate. This research uses mixed methods. Data collection was carried out using test and non-test techniques. The test technique is in the form of working on personal letter writing test questions, and the non-test technique is in the form of observation and questionnaires. Based on the research results, before implementing the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) model in learning to write personal letters, teachers still used Discovery Based Learning techniques for the learning process of writing personal letters and only used Indonesian language textbooks as learning support materials. The application of the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) model has proven that students are more active during learning. The (CIRC) model also makes students more enthusiastic and makes it easier for students to understand the material for writing personal letters.  

PERMENKO No. 1 year 2023 on Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) is the foundation for the implementation of the program that supports the growth of the Micro, small, and Medium Enterprises(UMKM) sector. With the dominance of UMKM in the economic structure, the KUR program was initiated based on presidential instruction No. 6 of 2007, followed by an MoU between the government, guarantee institutions, and banks. KUR, run by certain banks, such as BRI, BNI, and Mandiri, gets unbankable UMKM. PERMENKO No. 1 year 2023 stipulates a maximum interest rate of 6%, a loan period of up to 7 years, and allows multiple loans subject to collectibility requirements. With a focus on UMKM that have difficulty accessing capital, the KUR program has succeeded in achieving effectiveness with the realization of reaching IDR 175,73 trillion as of September 2023. Although obstacles remain, such as the assumption of urbanicity and the unpreparedness of Micro business, KUR provides easier access to financing at low-interest rates, accelerating the economic growth of UMKM.

PT. Kalonika Bara Kusuma is a company operating in the mining sector located in the city of Samarinda, East Kalimantan province. To achieve maximum profits, PT. Kalonika Bara Kusuma adds or subtracts units according to the amount of turnover obtained in the previous month. However, after being evaluated, it turned out that this method was not effective. Because you only see at a glance the fluctuations in historical data. Sometimes when you have reduced units, it turns out that demand in the following month actually increases. This results in less than optimal profits because they cannot serve existing customer requests. Vice versa. This is what causes PT. Kalonika Bara Kusuma experienced difficulty in making a decision to add or subtract units. From this problem, the author created an application that can predict the amount of turnover in the next month and provide recommendations for deciding which camera units should be increased or decreased in number. To predict the amount of turnover using the Multiple Linear Regression method. After obtaining the predicted results for the amount of turnover, a test was carried out using the Mean Absolute Percentage (MAPE) with a result of 200%, which means that the Multiple Linear Regression method is not suitable to be used to predict the amount of turnover in the next period. Production forecasting is a form of decision making that is used as a basis in many manufacturing and service industries. Therefore, companies that are able to produce products on time and in the right quantities are companies that are able to survive the competition. This demand forecasting is used to forecast demand for products that are independent (not dependent), such as forecasting finished products. The multiple linear regression method is an analytical technique that tries to explain the relationship between two or more variables, especially between variables that contain cause and effect, called regression analysis. So in relation to the description above, this research aims to determine production forecasting using the multiple linear regression method at PT. Kalonica Bara Kusuma.The mining industry is a series of activities that have a long period of time and costs a lot of money, a series of industrial activities, namely mining activities which include digging, loading and hauling to obtain optimal profits from activities. One of the mining industries needs to be a study of operational costs for transportation equipment

The development of technology is currently increasingly rapidly providing convenience and benefits for humans, one example of technology that provides entertainment benefits is online games. However, online game addiction is one of several forms of addiction caused by technological developments, one of which is the internet or better known as internet addictive disorder. The objectives of this research are: 1) Analyzing online game addiction experienced by students IAIN Sheikh Nurjati Cirebon. 2) Analyze the learning achievements experienced by IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon students. 3) Analyzing the influence of online games on the learning achievement of IAIN Syekh Nurjati Ciebon students. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The data collection technique applied in the research was interviewing 5 students and distributing questionnaires which were filled in by 15 students. The results of this study show 1) Most respondents (50%) had difficulty stopping playing online games, while 33.3% admitted that they had fairly good control but still felt interested in continuing to play. 2) Effective learning can help pupils and students to achieve learning goals. 3) It can be concluded that 37.5% stated that they do not like playing online games, because they have a very bad effect on learning. In the same percentage, 37.5% stated that they did not agree with online games, but did not provide clear reasons. It can be concluded that the research shows that the majority of respondents have difficulty stopping playing online games, while effective learning can help achieve learning goals, and around 37.5% of respondents stated that they do not like or disagree with online games because they have a bad effect on learning, although some of them they didn't give a clear reason.    

The development of technology is currently increasingly rapidly providing convenience and benefits for humans, one example of technology that provides entertainment benefits is online games. However, online game addiction is one of several forms of addiction caused by technological developments, one of which is the internet or better known as internet addictive disorder. The objectives of this research are: 1) Analyzing online game addiction experienced by students IAIN Sheikh Nurjati Cirebon. 2) Analyze the learning achievements experienced by IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon students. 3) Analyzing the influence of online games on the learning achievement of IAIN Syekh Nurjati Ciebon students. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The data collection technique applied in the research was interviewing 5 students and distributing questionnaires which were filled in by 15 students. The results of this study show 1) Most respondents (50%) had difficulty stopping playing online games, while 33.3% admitted that they had fairly good control but still felt interested in continuing to play. 2) Effective learning can help pupils and students to achieve learning goals. 3) It can be concluded that 37.5% stated that they do not like playing online games, because they have a very bad effect on learning. In the same percentage, 37.5% stated that they did not agree with online games, but did not provide clear reasons. It can be concluded that the research shows that the majority of respondents have difficulty stopping playing online games, while effective learning can help achieve learning goals, and around 37.5% of respondents stated that they do not like or disagree with online games because they have a bad effect on learning, although some of them they didn't give a clear reason.    

Researchers conducted research at SDN 04 Birugo based on the difficulty of slow learner students in understanding the lessons being taught. Slow learner children have difficulty reading so the tasks given by teachers to slow learner children cannot answer the tasks given by PAI teachers. This research aims to determine the problems of learning Islamic Religious Education among Slow Learner students at SDN 04 Birugo. This problem is researched using descriptive qualitative research methods which aim to describe and analyze phenomena and events, social activities, attitudes, beliefs, thoughts of people individually and in groups using field research. Data collection was carried out using observation, interviews and documentation techniques. The key informants in this research were the class IV Islamic Religious Education teacher at SDN 04 Birugo and the supporting informants for class IV slow learner students. To analyze the data, researchers grouped it based on existing problems. Based on the results of research conducted by researchers, the results show that slow learner students tend to feel inferior and consider themselves to be an obstacle to the learning process for other friends. Feelings of inferiority are seen in slow learner students at the stage of understanding lessons and completing assignments. There are two factors that cause difficulties in reading, writing and memorizing, namely the classroom environment and outside the classroom. Boredom occurs because they are not really serious about learning, but from the problems that occurred there were 3 slow learner students whose problems were slightly more resolved.

Students’ ability to communicate their mathematical ideas in various ways is not as expected. It is difficult for teachers to improve students’ mathematical communication skills by improving learning styles, improving the learning atmosphere, and using appropriate learning models. Therefore, it is important to know the factors that influence students’ mathematical communication abilities. The aim of this research is to describe the factors that influence students’ mathematical communication skills. The subjects of this research were four children aged approximately 11 years who live in Hamparan Perak District. The data collection techniques used were observation and interviews. Data were analyzed using a qualitative approach. The results of the research show that the factors that influence students’ oral communication skills are study partners, self-confidence, shyness, nervousness, group learning atmosphere, learning time, and gender. Factors that influence students’ written communication skills include the inability to write down known information and be asked about it, lack of concentration in studying and inability to understand the content, as well as question difficulty, which includes the level of composure and composure in solving questions.

In the context of debate, another issue that occurs is the limited skills of students in identifying and formulating appropriate illocutionary speech acts. In a debate, it is important to communicate arguments clearly and convincingly. However, learners who do not understand the pragmatic aspects of language may have difficulty in formulating strong arguments. This study was conducted to determine the illocutionary speech acts contained in the debate text of Indonesian language book class X curriculum 2013. The purpose of this research is to examine the application of illocutionary speech acts in debate texts. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative analysis, pragmatics theoretical approach, and data collection techniques with observational studies on Indonesian language book documents grade X curriculum 2013. The analysis technique used in the research uses agic analyzing technique. This research makes a significant contribution to understanding and improving the application of illocutionary speech acts in debate texts. The results of this research, there is some data that covers the aspects of illocutionary speech acts in debate texts. The data contains expressive, directive, assertive, declarative, and commissive illocutionary speech act categories totaling 34 data. It is concluded that the application of illocutionary speech acts can be identified and classified in speech acts that are adjusted to the category. The benefit of this research is as a source of knowledge to deepen the science of pragmatics in illocutionary speech acts.

In 2013 the 2013 Curriculum was implemented which changed the assessment of students both in terms of knowledge, attitudes and skills. One of the focuses of the 2013 curriculum is authentic assessment. Based on the results of observations and interviews that researchers conducted with several teachers, many teachers experienced difficulties in conducting authentic assessments in the 2013 curriculum, namely teachers felt that Authentic Assessment was too complicated because there were too many aspects to be assessed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the difficulties of teachers in implementing authentic assessment in the 2013 Curriculum, describe teacher constraints and efforts made by teachers. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data collection techniques used are document studies, observations, and interviews. The results showed that teachers still have difficulty in implementing authentic assessments of the 2013 curriculum, in this case teachers have difficulty

In 2013 the 2013 Curriculum was implemented which changed the assessment of students both in terms of knowledge, attitudes and skills. One of the focuses of the 2013 curriculum is authentic assessment. Based on the results of observations and interviews that researchers conducted with several teachers, many teachers experienced difficulties in conducting authentic assessments in the 2013 curriculum, namely teachers felt that Authentic Assessment was too complicated because there were too many aspects to be assessed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the difficulties of teachers in implementing authentic assessment in the 2013 Curriculum, describe teacher constraints and efforts made by teachers. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data collection techniques used are document studies, observations, and interviews. The results showed that teachers still have difficulty in implementing authentic assessments of the 2013 curriculum, in this case teachers have difficulty

Students are an important community in a university. The ultimate goal of a student in a college is to complete a final assignment. However, many students experience problems with delays in completing their final assignments. The aim of this research is to analyze what factors hinder and delay students in completing their final assignments. This type of research uses qualitative research where interviewing sources from the Koran science and tafsir study program. The results of this research are that the inhibiting factors in student graduation include lecturer behavior that makes things difficult for students, a lack of synchronization of information between the study program and the faculty, the presence of students who work part-time, and a lack of time and motivation for a student.

Background: Children with disabilities, especially mentally retarded, have difficulty distinguishing between appropriate and inappropriate touches, which will make it difficult for disabled children to identify actions that lead to sexual harassment directed at them. Intellectual disability or mental disability is a condition where a person's intelligence development experiences obstacles so that they do not reach the optimal stage of development. Digital pop up books are very easy to understand in the learning process and are an effective medium in providing sexual education for mentally retarded children. Purpose: The aim of this community service is to increase awareness of mentally retarded teenagers about preventing sexual violence through digital pop up book media. Method: The stages include planning and preparation, implementation of service activities with workshops, Popi Dita fungame, barcode story corner hut and evaluation. The activity was held on Wednesday 7 June 2023 at SLB Samudra Lavender Bangkalan. Measuring the success of this digital pop up book media uses a pre-test and post-test with a questionnaire containing 16 short questions. Result: The results showed an increase in student knowledge scores from 4.95 to 7.36. The paired t-test obtained a p- value of 0.019 which shows that sexual violence prevention interventions can increase the knowledge or awareness of mentally retarded children regarding the prevention of sexual violence.    Conclusion: This activity was successfully carried out with high participation and enthusiasm from students in taking part in this activity. It is hoped that this pop up book can be a useful educational tool for schools in an effort to minimize the number of victims of sexual violence.

This research aims to: (1) describe further the meaning contained in the poem A Pair of Bodies by Bode Riswandi. (2) classify and explain lexical meaning, grammatical meaning, referential meaning and non-referential meaning in the poem A Sepaair Bode by Bode Riswandi. This research method uses qualitative research methods with descriptive characteristics. The analysis results obtained in this research contain lexical, grammatical, referential and non-referential meaning. Semantic studies prove that we are able to reason about the words contained in the poem A Pair of Bodies by Bode Riswandi, from the most basic through vocabulary analysis to deducing the meaning of each line of the poem. The poem A Pair of Bodies by Bode Riswandi tells the story of someone who loses their identity after having difficulty going through life without someone to help them, but no matter how much hatred they have for themselves, humans can only rely on themselves to survive.

This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach by utilizing observation, interviews and documentation analysis to determine the difficulties faced by teachers in implementing thematic learning. Research participants included the principal and class VI teachers at SD Negeri Peninggilan 5. The research findings revealed several main difficulties faced by teachers. First, at the planning stage, teachers have difficulty integrating lesson material into classroom learning steps when preparing lesson plans. Second, during implementation, teachers consider thematic learning to be time consuming because it covers many subjects and remains teacher-centered. Finally, in terms of evaluation, teachers experience difficulties in assessing students' affective mood due to individual differences, as well as facing challenges in completing subject-specific student learning outcomes reports. Efforts to overcome these difficulties so that thematic learning can be useful in improving the overall quality of teaching for other teachers.    

This study attempted to improve students’ achievement in writing descriptive text through picture word inductive model at SMP Negeri 3 Siborongborong. This title got from the result of  observation that the researcher found in SMP Negeri 3 Siborongborong that many students have difficulties in writing descriptive text. Some of them do not have any ideas to write, when they have come with the idea, they do not know how to write in English. They also have difficulty in using the convention of English grammar. PWIM (Picture Word Inductive Model) is a model of study that uses pictures and words to stimulate students’ thinking inductively, from the specific thinking (looking at the picture and words) to general thinking (making the picture and the words that available become a sentence then a paragaph. By applying picture word inductive model, students can enrich their vocabularies while they identify the picture. This study was conducted by using classroom action research. The subject of this research was the students in grade VII-D SMP Negeri 3 Siborongborong. There was found that the students have low achievement in writing descriptive text. The research was conducted in two cycles. There were three meetings for each cycle. Based on the scores of writing test, it was found that students’ scores kept improving in every writing test. The students’ mean score in the first writing test was (46.57) and the students’ mean score in the second writing test was (67.10). Finally, the students’ mean score in the third writing test was (93.10).

This research aims to determine students' difficulties in capturing learning and the factors that make students have difficulty learning. This research uses library research which is intended to describe students' difficulties in capturing learning. The results of the research are that there are factors that cause students to have difficulty learning, including; Internal factors and external factors. These internal factors come from the student, such as the student's IQ, student's attitude towards learning, motivation to learn, body health, and sensory abilities. Meanwhile, these external factors are caused by factors outside the student, including teacher variations in teaching, use of learning media, school infrastructure, and family environment.

Mathematics lessons are lessons that are able to provide students with insight into gaining knowledge systematically or how to solve a mathematical problem. One of the goals of learning mathematics is to develop problem solving abilities. This indicates that problem solving is a very important ability to hone in learning mathematics. The method used is literature study or literature review. The study sources are in the form of reference books, published scientific journals, and references on websites accessed via the internet. Theoretical references obtained through literature study research will be used as the basic foundation and main tool for further practice which will be followed up with field research. Polya's theory is a systematic approach to solving mathematical problems which consists of four main steps, namely understanding the problem, planning a solution, implementing the plan, and checking again. This theory has been applied in various mathematics learning contexts, such as in analyzing the difficulty of solving mathematical problems on various materials and levels of difficulty.