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This study examines the determinants of green innovation and its impact on sustainable business performance among micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the Bandung Raya region of Indonesia. Specifically, the study analyzes the influence of environmental knowledge and market pressure on green innovation, as well as the effect of green innovation on sustainable performance. A quantitative approach was employed using data from 150 MSMEs, and structural relationships were tested through multiple regression analysis. All measurement instruments demonstrated high reliability (Cronbach’s Alpha 0.89–0.95) and validity (corrected item–total correlation > 0.80). The results reveal that environmental knowledge has the strongest positive and significant effect on green innovation (β = 0.728; p < 0.001), indicating that MSMEs with greater environmental awareness are more likely to adopt eco-friendly innovations. Market pressure also significantly influences green innovation (β = 0.257; p < 0.001), demonstrating the role of consumer expectations, competition, and green product trends in shaping sustainable business practices. Furthermore, green innovation has a very strong and significant impact on sustainable business performance (β = 0.847; p < 0.001), suggesting that eco-friendly practices enhance cost efficiency, customer satisfaction, firm reputation, and environmental outcomes. Overall, the study highlights the importance of combining internal awareness with external pressures to foster green innovation and strengthen sustainability among MSMEs. The findings provide theoretical contributions to green innovation and sustainability frameworks, while offering practical implications for MSMEs, policymakers, and business support institutions.

The development of modern biotechnology has brought fundamental changes to the life sciences through the application of molecular biology, genetic engineering, and bioinformatics techniques. This article aims to examine the transformation of life sciences through modern biotechnology approaches and its impact on health, agriculture, the environment, and industry. The method used is a descriptive-analytical literature review based on international journal sources and relevant scientific publications. The results of the study indicate that technologies such as CRISPR-Cas9 enable precise gene editing for genetic disease therapy, while the mRNA vaccine platforms developed by Pfizer and Moderna demonstrate the acceleration of biomedical innovation in response to the global pandemic. In the agricultural sector, genetic engineering increases crop productivity and resilience, while in the environmental sector, biotechnology supports environmentally friendly bioremediation processes. However, ethical and regulatory challenges remain important concerns in its implementation. In conclusion, modern biotechnology plays a key role as a catalyst for sustainable, innovation-driven transformation in the life sciences.

The purpose of this study is to develop teaching materials in the form of interactive textbooks on the subject of Rukun Iman (the Five Pillars of Islam) for MIS NU students in Palangkaraya City. The motive for this study is the need for more contextual and relevant teaching resources on Aqidah Akhlak (Islamic beliefs and morals) in order to optimize students' understanding. The ADDIE development model, which includes the phases of needs analysis, product design, development, implementation, and evaluation, was used in this study. Validation was carried out by subject matter experts, design experts, and educators as practitioners to ensure the suitability of the product. Based on the validation results, subject matter experts and designers consistently rated the teaching materials as “very feasible” in terms of media functionality, visual appeal, and material completeness. Improved learning outcomes through pre- and post-tests, as well as a feasibility rate of 93.02%, were demonstrated during implementation in a field test with 30 second-grade students. Moderate to significant learning gains were shown by N-Gain analysis. The findings prove the effectiveness of interactive learning books in improving students' understanding of the Five Pillars of Islam and providing alternative teaching resources that are more interesting and easier to understand. It is hoped that this publication will serve as a guide for educators in Islamic elementary schools to maximize the teaching of Aqidah Akhlak.

This article examines the effectiveness of fermented kombucha drinks in enhancing the immunity of menopausal women through an evidence-based nutrition approach. Additionally, the study highlights how community-based kombucha production and consumption programs can be part of non-military health diplomacy, supporting community resilience, especially for vulnerable groups like menopausal women who experience immune function decline due to hormonal changes. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, the study analyzes 30 relevant articles published between 2018–2025 from reputable sources such as Scopus, PubMed, and others. The findings show that (1) kombucha improves immunity through cytokine modulation and increased antioxidant activity, (2) kombucha normalizes gut microbiota, contributing to the immune health of menopausal women, (3) fermentation variations and microbial composition affect kombucha's effectiveness, and (4) community-based kombucha production programs have potential in enhancing health literacy and local economic empowerment. This study provides a basis for local governments, health centers, and communities to integrate kombucha as a preventive health intervention, while also strengthening community resilience through nutrition education and functional food entrepreneurship. The article also offers a new conceptual model, “Kombucha Intervention – Immunity – Health Diplomacy,” that connects biological evidence, community health, and non-military resilience integratively.

This community service program aims to empower the community of Ujung Tanah District, Makassar City in circular economy-based waste management. Ujung Tanah District as a coastal area with high population density faces complex waste problems, especially waste that ends up in the sea and disrupts the coastal ecosystem. The activities were conducted in four urban villages, namely Ujung Tanah, Tabaringan, Pattingalloang, and Pattingalloang Baru, involving 120 households as direct participants. The implementation methods included socialization and education, waste sorting and processing training, establishment of Waste Banks, mentoring for recycled product creation, and marketing system development. The results showed a significant improvement in community knowledge about waste management, with average scores increasing from 45.2 to 82.6. Four active Waste Bank units were established with a total of 320 household customers. The managed waste volume reached 2.4 tons per month with an economic value of IDR 8,500,000 per month. Recycled products include ecobrick crafts, bags from plastic packaging, and compost fertilizer. This program successfully changed the community paradigm from dumping waste into the sea to managing waste as a source of income.

In response to the escalating challenge of packaging waste in the beauty industry, The Body Shop Indonesia has implemented a Green Marketing Mix through its Bring Back Our Bottles (BBOB) and Refill Station programs. This study aims to analyze the strategic implementation of this approach, assess consumer perceptions and engagement, and explore the inherent challenges and opportunities for future development. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research collected data from five respondents who are The Body Shop consumers with prior participation in either the BBOB or Refill Station programs. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, observation, and a comprehensive literature review. Thematic analysis was subsequently performed, with findings validated through source and method triangulation. The results indicate that The Body Shop’s Green Marketing Mix has been effectively implemented, particularly in the elements of product (environmentally friendly packaging), promotion (campaigns via digital and print media), and physical evidence (store design that promotes a natural ambiance). Despite positive consumer responses and a strengthened brand image, persistent obstacles were identified, including limited access to program locations and insufficient information dissemination. The programs were found to be effective in enhancing customer loyalty and hold significant potential for expansion, particularly through targeted education and collaborative initiatives with youth communities. This study recommends expanding the programs’ geographical coverage, strengthening digital communication, and establishing strategic community partnerships. The findings are expected to make a meaningful contribution to the development of sustainable green marketing strategies within the beauty industry.

This study aims to analyze the role of innovation in enhancing the competitiveness of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Medan City. The research employs a qualitative approach through direct interviews with several MSME owners from various business sectors. The results reveal that innovation plays a significant role in strengthening business competitiveness through product development, digital marketing strategies, and improvements in production processes. Product innovation among MSMEs includes changes in design, quality enhancement, and product diversification based on market demand. Meanwhile, marketing innovation is achieved through the utilization of social media and digital platforms to expand market reach and improve customer engagement. However, MSME actors still face challenges such as limited capital, low digital literacy, and lack of access to training and mentorship. Therefore, collaboration between business actors, government, and supporting institutions is essential to build a sustainable innovation ecosystem that strengthens the competitiveness of MSMEs in the digital era.

The welfare of the community in the economic sector is one of the benchmarks for the welfare of the community, there are many people who experience poverty which is motivated by economic factors, the national amil zakat agency offers the jatim Makmur program. a program that really needs manpower considering that there are several workshop equipment that must be distributed to mustahik to do business. The method of assistance in the activities carried out by the national amil zakat agency of East Java province is an annual program activity, namely the Makmur program, which is carried out from July 14-16. One of the programs of the national amil zakat agency of East Java province, namely the Makmur program, is a program that moves in the economic field, which has two objectives, namely the development and empowerment of the economy in the community, the Makmur program distributes work equipment assistance z auto, some of the work equipment assistance distributed is among others such as Grobak workshops, workshop tools, other than that the amil zakat agency not only provides assistance in the form of z auto repair shop equipment but along with the basic materials needed by the workshopsuchas stock oil, andso on, the distribution of work equipment assistance Z auto Makmur jatim program has a positive value for the community, namely providing benefits regarding the empowerment and development of mustahik so that z auto repair shop business actors are able to become muzakki and donate a little of their wealth to people in need, assistance in the distribution of the jatim Makmur program is in accordance with the category of 8 asnaf at least with the category of poor or underprivileged people.

Community service activities in traditional fish ponds on Tibi Island, Tarakan, aim to increase the productivity of fish and shrimp farming using a simple yet effective approach. The methods applied include manual pond maintenance, such as spreading molasses solution (EM-4) to improve water quality, removing pests such as snails and oysters, and routine net maintenance and water drainage. Feed management is carried out every three days to maintain the nutritional balance of fish and shrimp. Although without the use of sophisticated technology, the success of cultivation depends heavily on the experience and thoroughness of the farmers in managing the pond environment. Overall, this activity demonstrates that a simple and structured approach can support sustainable cultivation, increase productivity, and strengthen collaboration between the implementation team and the pond owners. It is hoped that this method can serve as a useful example for other traditional fish farmers in increasing aquaculture yields and supporting more efficient and environmentally friendly farming practices.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the zakat program in empowering Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Pasir Penyu District, Indragiri Hulu Regency. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. Research informants consist of MSMEs who receive productive zakat and zakat managers. The results of the study indicate that the productive zakat program has a positive impact on MSME empowerment, especially in increasing business capital, business sustainability, and income stability of mustahik. In addition, the zakat program also encourages increased skills and motivation of MSMEs in managing their businesses. However, the effectiveness of the program still faces various obstacles, such as limited zakat funds, suboptimal business mentoring, and limited managerial capabilities and market access of MSMEs. The conclusion of this study shows that the productive zakat program in Pasir Penyu District, Indragiri Hulu Regency is quite effective in empowering MSMEs, but requires strengthening in terms of mentoring, program management, and business capacity development so that its impact is more optimal and sustainable.

The use of information technology through website development has become a crucial need for MSMEs, including traditional food businesses like Siomay Batagor Bogarasa. This study aims to develop a business profile website using the Odoo-based ERP website module to strengthen brand identity and facilitate information delivery to customers. The development process follows the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) stages, including planning, requirement analysis, design, implementation, and testing. The developed website consists of several pages such as Home, About Us, Menu, and Contact Us, presenting information about the business history, product catalog and pricing, sales locations, and contact channels. Testing results indicate that most features function well, with responsive display, smooth navigation, active contact form, and effective social media integration. One issue was found in the Google Maps display, which has not yet accurately shown the business location. Overall, the website provides practical benefits in terms of promotion, communication, and enhancing the professionalism of the business.

This community service program aims to enhance the capacity of traditional clothing UMKM in Palembang through product innovation and business management training in order to support the development of local fashion tourism. UMKM engaged in producing songket, jumputan, and Palembang batik possess significant economic and cultural potential; however, they face various challenges, including limited design innovation, weak business management skills, and insufficient utilization of digital technology for marketing. Through collaboration between the lecturer team of Politeknik Prasetiya Mandiri and the Palembang City Tourism Office, the program was implemented through workshops, business mentoring, and digital marketing training involving UMKM actors, students, and the local community. The results show improvements in participants’ knowledge and skills in developing creative product designs, enhancing production quality, and managing their businesses more professionally. Participants also gained a deeper understanding of digital marketing strategies as an essential tool to expand market reach. This program has contributed positively to strengthening local cultural identity while creating opportunities for creative economic growth through fashion tourism. The implementation of this initiative is expected to serve as a sustainable effort to improve the competitiveness of UMKM and support the economic development of Palembang.

The development of information technology has transformed trade from traditional markets to digital platforms, including Cash on Delivery (COD) payment systems. This study analyzes the integration of the COD system with the istishna contract in online transactions (specifically on Shopee), its implementation mechanisms, and its validity according to Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh muamalah). The research method used a descriptive qualitative approach through digital observation and literature review. The focus of the study was on pre-order or custom product transactions made after a specification agreement between the buyer (mustashni') and seller (shani'). The results showed that the COD system is valid in the istishna contract because it allows for final payment upon receipt of the goods. This is in accordance with Sharia law as long as the product specifications are clear, the price is transparent, and the buyer's right to khiyar is fulfilled to ensure the goods conform to the contract. As long as it is free from riba (usury), gharar (gharar), and tadlis (tadlis), the COD method in istishna transactions reflects fairness, openness, and benefits for both parties in the digital economy ecosystem.

The instability of the climate is becoming increasingly prominent across Southeast Asia, creating uncertainty in agricultural systems that are highly dependent on seasonal weather patterns. Indonesia, where rice remains the primary staple food, is particularly vulnerable to the effects of rising temperatures and rainfall deficits. This study applies the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model to predict rice production while incorporating indicators of extreme climate anomalies. Using publicly available datasets, including FAOSTAT production statistics, NOAA rainfall and temperature anomalies, and climate indices from the World Bank, this model was developed following the Box-Jenkins procedure. Among the configurations tested, the SARIMA model (1,1,1)(0,1,1)₁₂ showed the strongest performance, reflected in a MAPE of 4.62% and low RMSE values. The model indicates that significant El Niño events can reduce annual rice production by 3–7%, while wetter La Niña conditions may support production recovery. These findings highlight the importance of integrating climate-sensitive data into agricultural forecasting. The model presented here could support early warning systems, adaptive farming strategies, and long-term food security planning in Indonesia.

This study analyzes the forms of risk and risk management strategies in melon farming in Brebes as an impact of climate change. A descriptive qualitative approach was applied using a case study through in-depth interviews with a farmer who has more than ten years of experience, supported by secondary data from BPS, BAPPENAS, and related literature. The findings reveal four categories of major risks: market, financial, operational, and socio-environmental. High-level risks include climate variability, yield decline, and pest attacks. Medium-level risks involve production costs, water management, and price fluctuations, while low-level risks consist of limited weather information and agricultural extension services. Current strategies are still basic, including fertilization, pesticide application, and water channel arrangement. Strengthening adaptation is needed through irrigation technology, climate-resilient varieties, marketing diversification, and improved access to information and institutional support.

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is an annual crop that is tolerant to drought and requires relatively low water input, making it suitable for cultivation on suboptimal lands such as peat soils. However, the utilization of peat soils for crop production faces major constraints, including high soil acidity and low availability of essential macronutrients, particularly nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). Improving the chemical properties of peat soils can be achieved through the application of dolomite to reduce soil acidity and NPK fertilizer to enhance nutrient availability. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and yield responses of sorghum to different combinations of dolomite and NPK fertilizer rates on peat soil and to determine the most efficient dosage. The experiment was conducted using a factorial randomized block design with two factors, namely dolomite rate and NPK fertilizer rate. Observations were made on growth and yield parameters of sorghum. The results showed that the interaction between dolomite and NPK fertilizer had no significant effect on all observed parameters. Based on efficiency analysis, the application of 1.16 kg dolomite per bed and 200 kg NPK per hectare was identified as the most efficient dosage to support the growth and yield of sorghum on peat soil. These findings indicate that appropriate soil amendment and fertilization management are essential for optimizing sorghum production on peat soils.

In the era of globalization and digital transformation, organizations strive to maintain competitiveness through optimizing internal factors such as work culture, business process engineering (BPR), and decision support systems (DSS). This qualitative research based on a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) analyzes the relationship between these three using the Denison Organizational Culture Model, Hammer & Champy BPR, and the Resource-Based View (RBV). It finds that work culture mediates the implementation of BPR and DSS to increase efficiency by 30-50%, employee productivity, and sustainable competitive advantage. Case studies such as the Toyota Production System (TPS) confirm this synergy, resulting in reduced costs, cycle times, and improved service quality. This research also emphasizes the importance of a strong work culture in supporting the implementation of new technologies and methodologies, which in turn strengthens the company's market position. Thus, organizations that are able to integrate these three elements will be better prepared to face the challenges of globalization and dynamic changes in their industry, creating a sustainable advantage and being able to survive in a highly competitive market.

This study aims to examine the influence of product innovation, digital marketing, and business networking on the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), with customer engagement positioned as a mediating variable. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, thirty Scopus-indexed articles published between 2020 and 2025 were analysed to synthesise theoretical and empirical insights related to SME competitiveness in contemporary digital and urban business environments. The findings indicate that product innovation, digital marketing, and business networking each play a significant role in strengthening SME competitiveness, particularly within markets characterised by rapid technological change. Customer engagement emerges as a critical mediating mechanism that connects these strategic variables to sustainable competitive advantage. It enhances the impact of innovative and digital strategies by fostering stronger emotional, behavioural, and participative interactions between SMEs and their customers. The review also highlights that SMEs adopting integrated digital management practices, such as the utilisation of human-resource information systems (HRIS) and data-driven decision-making tend to demonstrate greater adaptability, market responsiveness, and long-term performance. The study contributes theoretically by integrating resource-based and dynamic capability perspectives, offering a holistic understanding of how digital and relational capabilities interact to elevate competitiveness. Practically, the findings provide strategic guidance for policymakers, SME managers, and practitioners in designing innovation-oriented and digitally enabled initiatives that support sustainable SME growth in the digital era.

The Islamic insurance industry in Indonesia, including in the city of Medan, continues to face various challenges, one of which is the low level of public participation in using Islamic insurance products. Public decisions to choose Islamic insurance are influenced not only by economic factors but also by non-economic factors, such as the level of religiosity, Islamic financial literacy, and trust in insurance service providers. This study aims to examine in depth the role of religiosity, financial literacy, and trust in influencing public decisions regarding the use of Islamic insurance in Medan City. This research employs a qualitative approach by utilizing secondary data obtained from reports of the Financial Services Authority (OJK), the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), fatwas issued by the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI), as well as relevant national and international scholarly articles. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques to obtain a comprehensive understanding of public behavior, perceptions, and preferences. The findings indicate that religiosity plays a role in increasing awareness of the importance of financial products that comply with sharia principles, financial literacy strengthens public understanding of the benefits and mechanisms of Islamic insurance, while trust emerges as the key factor most decisively influencing decision-making. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for formulating strategies to enhance public literacy and trust in Islamic insurance in Medan City.

Empowering agricultural human resources is a strategic approach to support sustainable agricultural development and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), SDG 4 (Quality Education), and SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth). This community service article aims to describe the implementation of an agricultural instructor empowerment training program conducted through collaboration between Universitas Negeri Surabaya (Unesa) and the Ngudi Luhur Self-Reliant Agricultural and Rural Training Center (P4S) in Blitar Regency. The activity involved approximately 50 participants consisting of agricultural instructors and local agricultural practitioners. The methods included Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and field visits to superior corn cultivation areas managed by P4S. The results indicate an increase in participants’ understanding of the importance of agricultural innovation and technology utilization to enhance productivity, supported by experiential learning through direct observation of high-yield corn fields compared to conventional practices. This program strengthens the role of agricultural instructors as innovation dissemination agents and contributes to the achievement of sustainable development goals in the agricultural sector.