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Fatherless is a phenomenon which is define as the absence of the father’s role in parenting both physically and psychologically. In married life, disputes and conflicts cannot be avoided so they require trust and commitment to each other. Disputes in family life can have positive impacts, one of which is adjustment to the household environment. However, it cannot be denied that disputes can also threaten the continuity of a marriage, such as divorce. In cases of divorce, fatherless can also appear in children who are victims of divorce. Divorce results in them not being able to feel their father’s presence and his role in accompanying their growth and development. The aim of this research is to describe the fatherless phenomenon and provide an analysis of the fatherless phenomenon regarding family relationships. The research method in this article is to use a descriptive method using literature study data collection techniques. The results of the research show that the phenomenon of fatherlessness can be the cause of parents divorcing, which is due to the lack of the father’s presence in the family so that children experience an absence of figures which can cause conflict in the household and lead to divorce. However, children can also experience fatherlessness after the divorce of their parents, which is due to the lack of time for communication between the child and his father, which indicates the absence of a father figure

This research aims to determine and analyze empirical juridical analysis of divorce due to domestic violence in the Gorontalo Religious Court and the factors causing divorce due to domestic violence in the Gorontalo Religious Court. This research discusses problems regarding divorce due to domestic violence in the Gorontalo Religious Court. This type of research is empirical juridical research or what is called field research. The results of this research explain that the empirical juridical analysis of divorce in the Gorontalo Religious Courts is caused by domestic violence, especially violence against wives, caused by various problems that are interrelated and influence each other, causing continuous disputes and quarrels. These problems include: economic conditions, lack of understanding of religion, infidelity, jealousy, drunkenness and gambling, husbands are easily emotional and are caused by the presence of one of the parents on both sides taking part in the household which can lead to a household crisis. In this case, the wife becomes vulnerable to violence because of her unequal position in society and the institution of marriage, both emotionally, socially and emotionally. This research shows that domestic violence is a significant factor in triggering divorce cases filed in the Religious Courts. And the factors that cause divorce due to domestic violence in the Gorontalo Religious Court are the dominant factors that cause divorce due to domestic violence, namely: that there is a lack of religious understanding, behavioral factors, social factors, drunkards and gamblers, disputes or quarrels and other factors. domestic violence.

In Indonesian positive law, only the KHI states that child custody falls to the mother. Other regulations only state that both parents are still obliged to look after their children without providing an explanation to whom child custody is given after divorce. In child custody decisions, several decisions were found that gave child custody to the mother, but also decisions were found that gave child custody to the father. This causes legal uncertainty in determining child custody after divorce. This research aims to analyze the most appropriate indicators of the judge's consideration in decisions regarding child custody based on the principle of the child's best interests. The research method used is prescriptive normative legal research using a conceptual approach. The results of the research show that there are several indicators that can be used in considering determining child custody, namely, child welfare, parental behavior, coordination between parents, and distribution of parental time. If it is felt that other indicators are needed, the judge can add these indicators as long as they are in accordance with the principle of the child's best interests.

This study aims to describe and understand the impact of domestic violence (DV) on children who are victims or witnesses of violence that occurs in the household. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 3 respondents consisting of 2 parents who divorced due to domestic violence and 1 child who experienced domestic violence. The data were analyzed using narrative analysis techniques. The results showed that domestic violence has a serious and diverse impact on children, both physically, psychologically and socially. This impact is influenced by several factors, such as the type, frequency, intensity, and duration of violence, age, gender, and characteristics of the child, as well as support and protection provided by other parties. This research provides contributions, implications and suggestions for the development of science, practice and further research.

Divorce has legal consequences for the relationship between husband and wife, property, and children resulting from the marriage. Especially for children from marriage, it gives parents the obligation to maintain and educate their children. However, specifically child maintenance after divorce according to Islamic Law and the Marriage Law is the obligation of a father to his child. Case Study Research on Salatiga District Court Decision Number 102/PDT.G/2021/PN. Slt. a child filed a lawsuit against his father for post-divorce maintenance, however, the lawsuit was rejected by the Panel of Judges of the Salatiga District Court. Therefore, this study aims to determine the responsibility for fulfilling the father's maintenance of a child after divorce and the legal remedies that a child can take when the right to post-divorce maintenance is not fulfilled by using the research method, namely, the normative juridical approach method and analytical description research specifications, namely to examine events as the object of research guided by primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. The data analysis method uses qualitative juridical which results in descriptive data analysis.

The family is the first and main environment for a child to receive education, guidance and instill different values ​​and norms and develop various behaviors that are important for personal life, family and the environment. Parental division will lead to arguments and anger so that these emotions will tend to dominate the child's emotions. Based on the explanation above, researchers are interested in studying the impact of parental divorce on children's character. This research seeks to reveal how character formation influences children's psychology from the impact of parental divorce. In this research, descriptive qualitative methods were used. because to explore a particular case by conducting data mining to understand the case in detail (Tobing, H. et al., 2016). Researchers try to understand events or phenomena regarding the impact of parental divorce on the formation of children's character. According to Moh. Nazir (1988).

The Mediation process can be an effective instrument in ensuring the fulfillment of womens rights/Iddah rights for women after divorce at the Rangkasbitung Religious Court, by exploring divorce cases involving Mediation, with a focus on how Mediation accommodates iddah rights, the obstacles faced and the factors that influence its success, research results It is hoped that this will provide a deeper understanding of the role of mediation in protecting women's rights, especially in the context of divorce in Indonesia and provide recommendations for improving mediation policies and practices.

Divorce between spouses of different nationalities has become an increasingly common phenomenon in the context of globalization. International civil law plays a key role in addressing the legal issues arising from divorce between different nationalities. This article discusses the legal repercussions arising from such divorces, focusing on several important aspects. Determination of the applicable law is a major concern in cases of non-citizenship divorce. The Lex Loci principle is the rule used to determine the law governing divorce, with special considerations regarding both spouses being from different countries. The recognition of divorce in different jurisdictions is an important concern. The process of official recognition of divorce in different countries often requires special procedures and certain requirements. Issues related to child custody become particularly significant if the couple has children together. International civil law considers aspects such as child residence, custody, and child-related decision-making. A valid divorce certificate may be required for various purposes, including a change in marital status in each spouse's country. The process of obtaining a divorce certificate may vary in each spouse's home country. Pensions and inheritance may also be affected by divorce, and the application of international civil law principles is necessary to determine the associated rights.

The aim of this research is to conduct a study on the causes of marital breakdown and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on divorces in Gorontalo City. The author utilized an empirical juridical research method with a qualitative approach and employed descriptive methods. The research findings indicate that the main factors leading to divorces in Gorontalo City in recent months are as follows: physical and psychological violence, infidelity, lack of husband's responsibility in providing for the wife and children, and extremely poor communication. Additionally, data from various divorce cases in different regions, along with information from the Gorontalo Family Court, demonstrate that the COVID-19 pandemic has implications for divorce rates, including in Gorontalo City. One of the reasons for the increased divorce rates is partner violence due to stress and decreased financial income resulting from the pandemic situation.  

. Indonesia is a state based on law whose administration of government power is based on law not power, the law is certainly used as a tool to fulfill the balance between Indonesian people in interacting, one of which is for the sake of achieving balance in the household. In the household, it has also been regulated regarding the elimination of domestic violence, namely Law No. 23 of 2004. In conducting this research, the researcher uses a deductive method of thinking research and raises two main issues what are the factors that cause violence in the household and how is the effectiveness of the application of Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the elimination of domestic violence in divorce issues in Indonesia.

In this article, we will examine the impact of divorce (Division of Property & Child Custody) where this study was conducted at the Medan District Court. This divorce has a lot of impacts, especially on children. However, this article will focus on the division of assets and child custody as a cause and effect of divorce. This research uses descriptive qualitative and normative legal methods through analytical and observational approaches, with data collection techniques based on literature studies and interviews. Divorce is triggered by various reasons, including disharmonious relations between husband and wife in terms of fulfilling biological needs, issues of different principles of life, differences in income in improving welfare, infidelity. The decision to divorce results in the division of property and child custody, where custody falls to the mother because the child is under 12 years old. Referring to Article 105 KHI, which explains that child custody in divorce with children under 12 years old is given to the mother. Meanwhile, the distribution of assets is in accordance with applicable Islamic law.

Divorce cases in West Java Province have increased every year. The profile map of divorce cases that occurred in each region is not yet known, so efforts to provide guidance to minimize divorce cases are not optimal. Divorce case data is also not equipped with a visualization feature that makes it easier for authorized officials to easily understand and analyze data. This study analyzes divorce cases in regencies/cities in West Java Province, using the K-Means Algorithm Clustering data mining method. The clustering method is grouping data based on the same characteristics. In determining the number of clusters, that is by using the value of the Davies Bouldin Index. The results of this study obtained the best cluster of grouping divorce cases, there were 2 clusters, namely cluster 0, there were 5 regencies and 9 cities, while in cluster 1 there were 13 regencies, with a Davies Bouldin index value of 0.168 and an avg.within centroid distance value of 5,870. Cluster 0 is the city/district with the lowest divorce cases and cluster 1 is the city/district with the highest divorce cases.

In Aceh Province, the Religious Court is called the Sharia Court, each district or city has its own Sharia Court office which is located in the district or city. As stated in Law Number 3 of 2006 concerning amendments to Law Number 7 of 1989 concerning Religious Courts that: "The Religious Court is located in the capital of the district or city and its jurisdiction covers the district or city area. This research is based on field research. The purpose of field research is to intensively study the background of the current situation and the interaction of the environment of a social unit; individual, group, institution or community. The results of the study are that community participation in the implementation of the circuit court in divorce cases at the Tapaktuan Sharia Court is very high, there are even several special requests from the community for the implementation of the circuit court for several cases, especially divorce cases and the influence of the circuit court in the social life of the community is the emergence of awareness for the community that the termination of a marriage relationship is very important to obtain legal certainty.

In Islam, marriage is a sunnatullah that applies to every creature. Marriage cannot always achieve its essential goals, one of which can be seen in divorce. It can even be stated that the most sad event in marriage is divorce, so God really hates it. So the author raised the theme "Sexual Needs Are the Main Cause of High Divorce Rates". The type of research used in this paper is Library Research. Using primary data sources that use material from several books about sexual needs and books about divorce. Secondary material as support for this research uses books, articles, papers that discuss divorce caused by sexual needs. So, based on this research, it can be concluded that one of the factors that can influence a family to divorce, among others, is the dissatisfaction of one partner in sexual relations, resulting in the partner's inner income not being met. Biological factors that are not fulfilled by partners are the main factor in the high divorce rate, either because they do not get satisfaction from their partners or for various reasons.

Keluarga merupakan pondasi pendidikan bagi anak. Rusaknya bangunan rumah tangga berakibat buruk bagi pendidikannya. Tujuan penelitian mengungkap manajemen strategik entititas setan dalam merusak mahligai rumah tangga, untuk kemudian dicari langkah antisipasinya dalam konteks pendidikan Islam. Dengan pendekatan teoritik, disimpulkan, bahwa setan mempunyai entitas yang bertugas merusak keutuhan rumah tangga yang disebut divisi Dasim. Manajemen mereka terstruktur rapih dengan melibatkan agen konspirasi global dari unsur manusia, yakni tukang sihir, pelakor dan pebinor. Capain tertinggi dari progam ini adalah perceraian. Kejahatan terstuktur mereka dilancarkan melalui tiga segmen: pra nikah, rumah tangga dan pasca cerai. Solusi untuk mengatasi gangguan ini, dengan memahami hakikat pernikahan dan menjalani bahtera rumah tangga dengan semangat ibadah untuk memperoleh ridha Allah. Penelitian merekomendasikan agar manajemen ini menjadi solusi mempertahankan rumah tangga yang bahagia.    

Bentuk kekerasan fisik yang dilakukan oleh pasangan (suami) berisiko mengakibatkan efek psikologis bagi korban (istri/perempuan), diantaranya, mengalami peningkatan depresi, rendah diri, dan tekanan psikologis. Tingkat keparahan kekerasan fisik ini juga dapat memprediksi tingkat depresi pada korban. Rata- rata gangguan stres pasca trauma pada perempuan yang mengalami siksaan secara fisik cukup tinggi menyatakan bahwa kekerasan dalam rumah tangga yang dikaitkan dengan kuantitas kejadianya, kualitas peristiwa dan perilaku negatif anggota keluarga dapat menjerumuskan kepada kehancuran dan perceraian keluarga. Efek kekerasan dalam rumah tangga tidak hanya menimpa perempuan yang menjadi korban. Kekerasan tersebut juga berakibat buruk pada anak, yaitu mengganggu perkembangan Anak yang menjadi korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, mengalami masalah psikologis, emosional, perilaku, masalah sosial dan akademik. Kekerasan sering kali terjadi pada perempuan disebabkan adanya pandangan masyarakat Kata kunci:Perlindungan, Kdrt

Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) atau biasa disebut kekerasan domestik (domestic violence) merupakan suatu masalah yang sangat khas karena kekerasan dalam rumah tangga terjadi pada semua lapisan masyarakat. Sebagian besar korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga khususnya penelantaran rumah tangga ini adalah anak. Kedudukan anak dalam rumah tangga lebih lemah, dan lebih rendah dari pada orang dewasa dan masih bergantung pada orang-orang dewasa di sekitarnya. Penelantaran anak merupakan bagian dari bentuk kekerasan terhadap anak, karena ia masuk kedalam kekerasan secara sosial (social abuse), Kekerasan yag bersifat psikis dan sosial (struktural) juga membawa dampak buruk dan permanen terhadap anak. Berdasarkan uraian diatas, perumusan masalah dalam penulisan skripsi ini yang pertama adalah faktor-faktor apa saja yang menyebabkan terjadinya penelantaran terhadap anak didalam rumah tangga, kedua adalah bagaimana kajian kriminologi terhadap penelantaran anak sebagai jenis kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis sosiologis. Untuk mendekati permasalahan dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan spesifikasi penelitian secara deskriptif analitis. Analisis ini yang dipergunakan dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya penelantaran terhadap anak didalam rumah tangga dapat dijelaskan menggunakan teori kriminologi meliputi teori differential association dan teori sosio-kultural (sosiologi kriminal), adapula faktor-faktor lain yang berkaitan dengan penelantaran terhadap anak, antara lain: faktor perceraian orang tua, faktor kemiskinan, faktor lingkungan dan faktor pendidikan. Kajian Kriminologi Terhadap Pelaku Penelantaran Anak dapat dijelaskan dengan teori kriminologi yaitu differential association terkait dengan perilaku kejahatan yang dipelajari karena faktor eksternal dan yang meliputi teknik dan motifnya. Kajian Penelantaran Anak Sebagai Jenis Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga yaitu berupa penelantaran anak yang dilakukan oleh orang tuanya temasuk dalam jenis kekerasan yang terjadi dalam lingkup rumah tangga yaitu penelentaran dalam rumah tangga yang sesuai menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga pada pasal 9 ayat 1.

AbstractProvision of living child after the divorce is the duty of parents, especially fathers, In prctice the father of the obligations does not conform to the religious court’s decition. Given this, the parties raising and educating children should be proactively reminded to fulfill its obligations and the religious must be proactive to oversee the execution of its decition. Key words: a living child,  religious court decition.