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This study aims to analyze and design a marketing strategy training program to improve the performance of marketing personnel at Titan (Home) WiFi as an internet service provider. In the increasingly competitive digital era, effective marketing strategies are essential to enhance customer acquisition, retention, and overall business performance. This training focuses on strengthening marketing competencies, including market analysis, digital marketing utilization, customer relationship management, and communication skills.The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach involving 21 marketing personnel as participants. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The evaluation of the training program was conducted by comparing participants’ understanding before and after the training, supported by questionnaire scores and interview results.The results indicate that 83% of participants showed improved understanding of target market analysis and digital marketing strategies, while 78% demonstrated better communication and customer relationship management skills. In addition, there was a 20% increase in promotional effectiveness and a 15% improvement in customer satisfaction based on internal performance data. These findings suggest that the implementation of structured marketing strategy training can significantly enhance marketers’ competencies, optimize promotional activities, and improve service quality. Therefore, continuous and adaptive training programs are recommended to ensure sustainable marketing performance improvement in the dynamic telecommunications industry

The smart city concept has emerged as a primary solution to address various global urbanization challenges. However, its implementation in developing countries frequently encounters unique obstacles, such as limited infrastructure, constrained budgets, and varying levels of community readiness. This study aims to identify and analyze the critical success factors for smart city implementation in developing nations using a literature review approach. The research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, adapting the PRISMA guidelines. Data collection was conducted by screening scientific articles from leading academic databases published over the last five years. The review results indicate that the success of a smart city in developing contexts does not rely solely on technological advancement. There are four primary dimensions acting as determinants: (1) the governance dimension, encompassing regulatory support and bureaucratic transparency; (2) the technological infrastructure dimension, involving equitable internet access and centralized data integration; (3) the human resources dimension, focusing on the digital literacy of citizens and government apparatus; and (4) the financial dimension, which includes innovative financing models and public-private partnerships. The conclusion of this review emphasizes that cross-sector collaboration and strong leadership commitment remain the most crucial foundations. These findings are expected to provide a strategic reference framework for local governments in designing more sustainable and targeted smart city roadmaps.

This research aims to classify students’ lifestyles using the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm. The dataset consists of 392 high school students obtained from Kaggle, with key attributes including study hours, social media usage, Netflix viewing duration, attendance, sleep quality, internet quality, mental health, and extracurricular activities. KNN was chosen for its simplicity in distance-based classification, measured using Euclidean Distance. The data was divided into training and testing sets, then evaluated using accuracy and a confusion matrix. The results show that KNN effectively classifies students’ lifestyles into four categories: healthy, less active, at risk, and highly at risk. This classification is expected to assist educational institutions, parents, and students in understanding lifestyle patterns and their impact on academic performance and mental well-being. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the relevance of applying machine learning in education, aligned with Islamic values concerning health, discipline, and the optimal use of time.

This research aims to classify students’ lifestyles using the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm. The dataset consists of 392 high school students obtained from Kaggle, with key attributes including study hours, social media usage, Netflix viewing duration, attendance, sleep quality, internet quality, mental health, and extracurricular activities. KNN was chosen for its simplicity in distance-based classification, measured using Euclidean Distance. The data was divided into training and testing sets, then evaluated using accuracy and a confusion matrix. The results show that KNN effectively classifies students’ lifestyles into four categories: healthy, less active, at risk, and highly at risk. This classification is expected to assist educational institutions, parents, and students in understanding lifestyle patterns and their impact on academic performance and mental well-being. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the relevance of applying machine learning in education, aligned with Islamic values concerning health, discipline, and the optimal use of time.

Waste management remains a critical environmental issue due to the lack of public awareness in separating organic and inorganic waste, resulting in accumulation and environmental pollution This study aims to analyze and evaluate the development of automatic waste sorting systems based on proximity sensors with full-capacity notification using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach.. The proposed system utilizes a combination of sensors, including proximity sensors for material identification and ultrasonic sensors for detecting object presence and bin capacity, integrated with a microcontroller for real-time processing. Additionally, the system is equipped with IoT-based monitoring that allows users to receive notifications when the waste bin reaches its capacity. The research method involves system design, hardware and software integration, and functional testing to evaluate system performance. The results indicate that the system is capable of sorting waste automatically with a high level of accuracy and responsiveness, while also providing real-time monitoring to support waste management operations. The implementation of this system can reduce manual intervention, increase operational efficiency, and promote better waste segregation practices. Furthermore, this study highlights the potential of integrating smart technology into environmental management systems, contributing both theoretically and practically to the development of sustainable waste management solutions.

Digital transformation has brought fundamental changes to the structure and dynamics of modern industrial economics. Technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and big data not only modify production and distribution processes but also revolutionize marketing strategies and patterns of industrial competition. This study is motivated by the need to understand how digital marketing transformation influences the development of competitive advantage through changes in digital market structure from an industrial economics perspective. In this context, digital marketing functions as a strategic instrument that integrates technology, data, and consumer behavior into market mechanisms. The analysis shows that digitalization creates a network-based market structure characterized by the concentration of economic power in major digital platforms and dominance in data control. This structure affects the intensity of competition, the direction of innovation, and patterns of industry differentiation. Digital marketing transformation enhances efficiency, expands market access, and lowers entry barriers for new players, yet it also creates competitive imbalances due to the dominance of large platforms.Through a digital Structure–Conduct–Performance (SCP) approach, the study finds that market structure acts as an intermediary variable that channels the impact of digitalization on competitive advantage. Digitalization significantly promotes industrial efficiency, innovation, and profitability. Proposed strategic solutions include strengthening digital literacy, developing adaptive regulations, and fostering cross-sector collaboration to create an inclusive, competitive, and sustainable digital industrial ecosystem

The rapid development of the internet has increasingly encouraged people to depend on social media as a primary source for obtaining information and sharing personal experiences. This shift in digital behavior has also been adopted by traditional snack sellers in Bandar Lampung, who now utilize social media platforms and strengthen their brand image as key components of their marketing strategies. Accordingly, this study aims to examine the effect of social media marketing dimensions and brand image on consumers’ purchase intention toward traditional snack products. This research applies a quantitative method using a purposive sampling technique, involving 110 respondents who are familiar with the Yussy Akmal and Kue Akong brands and have been exposed to their social media content. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 27 with multiple linear regression analysis. The findings indicate that the dimensions of social media marketing, including entertainment, interaction, trendiness, customization, and electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM), as well as brand image, have a positive and significant influence on consumers’ purchase intention for traditional snacks.

This study aims to examine and analyze the implementation of digital-based public services through the Digikel website in Biawao Village and Limba U1 Village,Gorontalo City. The main focus of this study includes three aspects:(1) support, (2)capacity, and (3) value. This study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptiveresearch design. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The study's findings indicate that the implementation of the Digikel website hasbeen effective across the three aspects. (1) Support: The implementation of Digikelis supported by leadership commitment, active employee involvement, and policysupport from the city government through clear regulations. However, there are stillchallenges in the community's socialization process, which has not been optimal.(2) Capacity: Human resources in Biawao Village and Limba U1 Village are considered to have adequate competence through technical guidance. Nevertheless,there are still infrastructure-related obstacles, including unstable internetconnectivity and limited computer equipment. The absence of a dedicated budgetat the village level has also been a constraint in system development. (3) Value: The implementation of Digikel has had a positive impact, particularly in improving efficiency in terms of time, cost, and labor, as well as in accelerating, simplifying, and enhancing the transparency of public services. However use of this system has not yet been fully optimized due to low levers of diritalitgacy among somemembers of the community.

Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh topologi star terhadap performa jaringan komputer di era digital, di mana akses internet Indonesia mencapai 72,78% menurut BPS (2024), menuntut infrastruktur andal dan efisien. Tujuan utama adalah mengevaluasi keunggulan seperti kemudahan pemeliharaan, performa stabil, serta keamanan terpusat, sekaligus keterbatasan kritis berupa single point of failure, biaya kabel tinggi, dan skalabilitas terbatas, dengan mitigasi melalui protokol redundansi FHRP. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan digital melalui analisis literatur dari jurnal, e-book, dan sumber daring. Hasil menunjukkan topologi star unggul untuk LAN skala kecil-menengah dengan throughput tinggi dan deteksi kesalahan mudah, meskipun rentan kegagalan pusat; integrasi FHRP berhasil meminimalkan downtime di bawah 1% serta mencapai uptime 99,9%. Secara keseluruhan, topologi star dikombinasikan redundansi menjadi solusi optimal untuk lingkungan enterprise modern, dengan saran penggunaan switch stackable, monitoring SNMP, dan VLAN untuk meningkatkan skalabilitas serta keamanan.

Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh topologi star terhadap performa jaringan komputer di era digital, di mana akses internet Indonesia mencapai 72,78% menurut BPS (2024), menuntut infrastruktur andal dan efisien. Tujuan utama adalah mengevaluasi keunggulan seperti kemudahan pemeliharaan, performa stabil, serta keamanan terpusat, sekaligus keterbatasan kritis berupa single point of failure, biaya kabel tinggi, dan skalabilitas terbatas, dengan mitigasi melalui protokol redundansi FHRP. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan digital melalui analisis literatur dari jurnal, e-book, dan sumber daring. Hasil menunjukkan topologi star unggul untuk LAN skala kecil-menengah dengan throughput tinggi dan deteksi kesalahan mudah, meskipun rentan kegagalan pusat; integrasi FHRP berhasil meminimalkan downtime di bawah 1% serta mencapai uptime 99,9%. Secara keseluruhan, topologi star dikombinasikan redundansi menjadi solusi optimal untuk lingkungan enterprise modern, dengan saran penggunaan switch stackable, monitoring SNMP, dan VLAN untuk meningkatkan skalabilitas serta keamanan.

The phenomenon of cyberbullying and the spread of hoaxes among students has posed a significant threat to the ethics of the younger generation. Consequently, the education sector must take prudent action. The purpose of this study is to examine how the integration of digital ethics into the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) curriculum serves as an effort to prevent and address online behavioral violations. This research was conducted qualitatively using a desk study. Data were collected through documentary research of educational literature, Islamic moral values, and curriculum policies. In this analysis, a content analysis method was used to examine how Islamic concepts relate to the ethics of modern digital communication. The research indicates that the current PAI curriculum requires strengthening digital transaction materials through internalizing the principles of tabayyun (religious conduct) to combat hoaxes and the principles of akhlaqul karimah (good character) to reduce cyberbullying. PAI should not be limited to theoretical literature; instead, it should develop into a practical guide that helps people improve their digital lives. To create a safe and secure internet environment, the PAI curriculum must be aligned with critical digital literacy and the strengthening of religious character. It is hoped that this integration will provide students with a strong spiritual foundation to face the challenges of future technological disruption.

This research specifically examines how the involvement of the community in the process of digitizing services at the population and civil registration office of Gorontalo City. Co-production is a collaboration between the government and the community to improve the quality, effectiveness, and satisfaction of services. The main problems in this study are the low participation of the community in population administration and challenges in the efficiency of services and the use of digital technology. The method used is qualitative descriptive through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that co-production has been implemented through community involvement in data verification, the use of digital services, and active communication between officers and the community. However, there are still obstacles such as low digital literacy and limited human resources. In addition, technology infrastructure and internet access factors also affect the optimization of digital services. This study concludes that co-production is able to increase the effectiveness, responsiveness, and accountability of public services, although efforts are still needed to increase institutional capacity and community participation in a sustainable manner as well as a more inclusive digital education strategy.

ABSTRACT Family dynamics such as prolonged conflicts, the existence of domestic violence, divorce, and the absence of one parent figure in the family, have become international issues. Children are often victims of parental problems. Parents often vent their emotions to their children in the form of verbal and non-verbal violence. There are still many parents who think that educating children with violence is a way to discipline children. In this study, the approach method applied is a normative juridical approach by examining data obtained from books, journals, the internet, laws and regulations, or scientific papers related to this writing. Based on the results of the study, we know that by 2025, Indonesia will have recorded 2,416 cases of violence committed by parents, based on data that occurred during the official SIMFONI-PPA period.  Children have the right to be able to live a prosperous life and be guaranteed their growth and development in the future. But in practice, parents are still very irresponsible for it. In overcoming these problems, the Indonesian government and the international community have made efforts with regulations and institutions related to the protection of children's rights. Therefore, it can be concluded that this study emphasizes the importance of improving the protection of children's rights in family dynamics based on the framework of Indonesian and International Law.   Keywords: family dynamics, protection of children's rights, challenges and obstacles.

The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has driven numerous innovations in wireless communications that not only demand technical efficiency but also raise philosophical questions about the nature of scientific knowledge. One such innovation is Physical Layer Network Coding (PLNC), a communication technique that utilizes signal interference as a source of information to enhance system performance. This paper examines the philosophical dimensions of science within PLNC, focusing on three fundamental aspects: ontology, epistemology, and axiology. Ontologically, PLNC represents a new paradigm in wireless communication that reinterprets interference not merely as noise but as an opportunity. Epistemologically, knowledge of PLNC is derived through scientific methods such as mathematical modeling, experimentation, and simulation—yielding intersubjective and verifiable truths. Axiologically, PLNC holds practical value in terms of energy efficiency, data reliability, and contributions to the sustainability of IoT ecosystems, while also raising ethical considerations regarding privacy and information security. Thus, this study demonstrates that the development of PLNC cannot be separated from philosophical reflection, emphasizing the profound interconnection between technological advancement, scientific methodology, and human values.

The development of information technology has driven an increase in self-diagnosis behavior, especially among the productive-age population with broad access to the Internet. This phenomenon has the potential to result in inaccurate health assessments and influence health-related decision making. This study aimed to describe self-diagnosis behavior, motivations, patterns of seeking health information online, consequences after performing self-diagnosis, and the level of health literacy among people aged 18-44 in the Tataran 1 area. This research uses a quantitative descriptive design with a survey method through questionnaires given to 60 respondents in the company. The results show that the majority of respondents are female, aged 35-44, and have a high school level education. Some respondents were not motivated to perform self-diagnosis, and the level of seeking health information online was considered low to moderate. Nevertheless, nearly half of the respondents still took follow-up actions after performing self-diagnosis. The majority of respondents had a moderate level of health literacy, so the ability to understand and evaluate health information still needs to be improved. These findings underscore the importance of digital health literacy education so that the public can accurately sort medical information and reduce the risk of mistreatment due to self-diagnosis of the disease.

This study aims to design and develop a functionally efficient and operationally effective Internet of Things (IoT)-based air quality monitoring system for radiology departments. The system utilises a DHT22 sensor integrated with an ESP32 microcontroller to monitor the temperature and humidity of diagnostic rooms in real time, and to display the data via the UdaraKu mobile application. The research method employed a quantitative experimental approach focused on measuring system performance, specifically the accuracy of the temperature and humidity sensors. The research model used was the Research and Development (R&D) method, aimed at transforming conventional air quality monitoring in radiology into a real-time digital system based on IoT. The research results indicate that the IoT-based monitoring system is capable of maintaining room temperature and humidity stability within the ideal range, namely 22–24°C and 50–60% RH, in accordance with international standards. This improvement in environmental stability has a direct impact on reducing noise in digital radiography images, as evidenced by an increase in the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). Instrument validation demonstrated a high level of reliability with a Cronbach’s Alpha value of 0.848, reinforcing the reliability of the data and the system. Overall, the IoT-based air quality monitoring system has proven effective in controlling noise in digital radiography images, improving the quality of diagnostic services, and supporting patient safety principles and operational efficiency within radiology departments.

This study aims to descriptively analyze the ability of elementary students to imitate rhythmic gymnastics movements through the Just Dance Now application in Physical Education learning at SDN Bulay 1 Pamekasan. The background of this research stems from the low motivation and movement accuracy of students in conventional rhythmic gymnastics learning. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this study involved 24 fifth-grade students as subjects. Data collection techniques included participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that students' ability to imitate rhythmic gymnastics movements through Just Dance Now falls into the sufficient category, with students demonstrating good proficiency in basic movement patterns but experiencing challenges in complex body coordination and musical rhythm synchronization. The application successfully enhanced student enthusiasm and engagement compared to traditional methods. However, technical constraints such as internet connectivity and limited space were identified as implementation barriers. This study implies that digital game-based media like Just Dance Now can serve as an effective alternative visual aid in elementary physical education, particularly for rhythmic gymnastics instruction. Educators are encouraged to integrate technology creatively while addressing infrastructural limitations to optimize learning outcomes.

The growth of digital transactions in Indonesia has raised important legal questions about the status of electronic agreements. Data from APJII (2024) shows that internet users in Indonesia reached 221 million people, while BPS (2023) recorded national e-commerce transactions at Rp 476.3 trillion in 2022. These figures indicate that electronic agreements have become a primary instrument in everyday legal interactions. This study aims to analyze: (1) whether an electronic agreement can be categorized as a private deed (akta di bawah tangan) as stipulated under Article 1874 of the Indonesian Civil Code in conjunction with Articles 5 and 11 of Law Number 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions (UU ITE); and (2) the evidentiary strength of electronic agreements as private deeds in court proceedings. Using normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, this study finds that electronic agreements fulfill the requirements of a private deed when they contain an electronic document recognizable under Article 5 UU ITE and a certified electronic signature meeting the requirements of Article 11 UU ITE. As to evidentiary strength, the electronic agreement has perfect evidentiary force when acknowledged by the opposing party under Article 1875 of the Civil Code, but is subject to further verification when disputed. The study recommends harmonization between the Civil Code and UU ITE, and institutional strengthening of electronic certification bodies.

The internet has penetrated various aspects of human life, changing the way individuals interact with one another. Everything from reading the news and searching for information to working and studying, to fundraising, can now be done online. Fundraising, often referred to as donations, can now be done through social media. People can contribute their funds online, a process known as crowdfunding. Crowdfunding is an internet-based funding method that allows certain initiatives to be funded through contributions from many people online, without any specific time limits. This fundraising generally focuses on social, educational, or humanitarian initiatives. In Indonesia, fundraising is often carried out by non-profit organizations or individuals. The success of a fundraising campaign is influenced by several factors, such as clarity of campaign objectives and a compelling narrative to attract donors. However, fundraising is still vulnerable to abuse by irresponsible parties. Therefore, regulations in Indonesia need to be strengthened to prevent abuse and increase accountability. Rules related to fundraising are regulated in Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 9 of 1961 concerning the Collection of Money or Goods. Thus, optimizing fundraising requires a combination of effective communication strategies, transparent management, and clear regulations. The results of this study are expected to serve as a guide for organizations and individuals seeking effective fundraising, as well as provide input for policymakers regarding fundraising regulations in Indonesia.

Toxoplasmosis is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoa that is often found in cats as the definitive host. The infection can spread to humans through contact with cat feces or consumption of contaminated food and drinks. Pregnant women, especially in the second trimester, are at high risk of developing infections that can be transmitted to the fetus. Primary infections during pregnancy can lead to a variety of complications, including birth defects, and premature birth. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between cat ownership and the incidence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in the second trimester. This study is the result of a literature review with a literature search method conducted on the internet and scientific journals based on questions about the relationship between cat keepers and the incidence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in the 2nd trimester. According to the (WHO), the incidence ratio in 26 countries is based on concrete evidence. The three countries with the highest IgG seroprevalence according to data are Ethiopia (64.2%, 95%CI: 34.3–89.1), Gabon (56.7%, 54.4–59.0), and Brazil (53.8%, 39.3–68.0) but there are also three countries with the lowest IgG are Mexico (7.2%, 5.3–9.4), South Korea (2.1%, 0.6–4.3), and Canada (0.2%, 0.2–0.3). Meanwhile, the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Indonesia ranged from 43% to 88% in 2014. Data shows that keeping cats as well as poor hygiene practices can increase the risk of toxoplasmosis infection in pregnant women.