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This study aims to describe the beliefs of people in Ujanmas Lama Village towards puyang and the customs carried out to honor them. By using documentation, interviews, and direct observation, this study uses ethnography as a method of data collection. The study shows that the residents of Ujanmas Lama Village interpret puyang as an ancestor or village founder who is respected from generation to generation. Therefore, the community has a strong belief that puyang has supernatural or magical powers that can influence their lives. Everything related to puyang relics is considered sacred and is believed to contain spiritual power, so it must be maintained and respected. This belief is reflected in various traditions that are still carried out today, such as visiting puyang graves, respecting puyang relics, and following customary laws that have been passed down since the puyang era. All of these traditions are real forms of community respect for puyang as an important part of their identity and cultural heritage.

This journal defines public policy as actions taken by governmental authorities to address specific social issues and emphasizes citizen participation as a key element in the democratic process. It outlines the importance of community involvement in policymaking to enhance legitimacy, governmental accountability, and the quality of policies. Factors influencing citizen participation include education, socioeconomic status, and access to information. The theoretical framework underscores the significance of active participation for successful community development, particularly highlighting the role of Generation Z in political engagement through digital platforms.Various methods for involving citizens in decision-making—such as public forums, surveys, and online platforms—are discussed, alongside the benefits of integrating technology to promote transparency and inclusivity. To explore this phenomenon in depth, a qualitative research method with an exploratory case study approach is employed. The study involves in-depth interviews with key informants such as public officials, representatives of civil society organizations, and Generation Z citizens who are actively engaged in digital participation. Additionally, participatory observation of public policy forums and documentation of various technology-based participatory initiatives are conducted. Thematic analysis is used to identify patterns, themes, and factors that influence the effectiveness of citizen participation in policymaking. Data validity is ensured through source and method triangulation, as well as member checking with selected respondents.This paper also presents case studies of successful participatory initiatives while addressing challenges such as unequal power dynamics and limited access to information. The recommendations focus on strategies to raise awareness, enhance transparency, encourage inclusivity, and foster a culture of active participation to ensure that policies reflect the diverse needs of society. Overall, meaningful citizen engagement is deemed essential for effective governance and policymaking.

Religious gaslighting is a form of psychological manipulation that uses religious authority and teachings to question or doubt a person's perceptions, emotions, and experiences, so that the victim feels guilty or unfaithful. In the context of the Muslim community, this practice can occur when religious understanding is used narrowly and authoritarianly, suppressing freedom of thought, and perpetuating power imbalances—both in family relationships, communities, and religious institutions. This article examines the phenomenon of religious gaslighting from the perspective of critical Islamic education, with the aim of dismantling manipulative patterns wrapped in religious narratives. The approach used is qualitative-descriptive with literature analysis of classical and contemporary Islamic sources, as well as interdisciplinary studies in the fields of religious psychology and educational philosophy. The results of the study show that religious gaslighting is not only a matter of individual morals, but also part of an authoritarian social and cultural structure that needs to be countered through liberating (ta'dib) and transformative Islamic education. Islamic education based on the values ​​of justice (al-‘adl), compassion (rahmah), and deliberation can be a critical tool for building a healthy spiritual awareness and freeing people from the shackles of manipulative authority. Thus, education has a central role in forming a generation of Muslims who are able to distinguish between the authenticity of Islamic teachings and their misuse in the practice of power.    

The development of electric propulsion systems has become a major focus in efforts to provide energy-efficient and environmentally friendly air propulsion technology. One emerging innovation is the electric motor-based turbojet fan, which is expected to replace conventional fossil-fueled systems. As the need for energy efficiency increases, studies on electrical power consumption and airflow performance are crucial in supporting the development of new-generation propulsion systems. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between nozzle angle and the characteristics of electrical power consumption and airflow velocity in a double-spool turbojet fan. The method used is an experimental test with an ESP32-based control system. The duty cycle is set at 80% to maintain operational stability. Research data is obtained through measurements of electrical current, voltage, and airflow velocity. The nozzle angle variations tested include 13°, 19°, and 25°. The test results show a significant difference between nozzle angle variations on electrical power consumption and wind speed performance. The 13° nozzle angle produces the highest electrical power consumption, indicating a greater energy requirement to maintain airflow. Conversely, the optimal wind speed was found at an angle of 19°, indicating a balance between energy efficiency and aerodynamic performance. Meanwhile, an angle of 25° showed a decrease in performance in terms of both power and speed, making it less effective. In conclusion, the nozzle configuration has a direct influence on energy consumption and fluid dynamics in electric turbojet fan systems. This research provides an important contribution to the design of electric-based propulsion systems by emphasizing efficiency and performance aspects, while supporting the transition to environmentally friendly technologies.

Film is a communication medium that has the power to convey social messages to audiences through narrative and visuals. One of the social phenomena currently being extensively discussed is the issue of the sandwich generation, which is the first topic in the "Home Sweet Loan" film. With a qualitative approach and John Fiske's semiotic analysis, this research aims to explore how the sandwich generation issue is represented in the "Home Sweet Loan" film with three levels of analysis: reality, representation, and ideology. This study can contribute to providing a deeper understanding of how films can play a role in depicting relevant social issues and influencing society's perceptions of these social phenomena.

Generators are an important component in electrical generation. One of the disturbances that occurs in the generator is a short circuit fault. PT Oki Pulp and Paper has a Diesel Generator which is equipment that can be used as an alternative electrical generator to meet backup electricity needs, when a trip / shutdown occurs, the diesel generator will become backup power. The diesel generator observed is YCSR with a capacity of 3875 KVA/380 Volts. The purpose of this research is to analyse the Short Circuit Disturbance of Diesel Generator YCSR 3875 KVA and analyse the calculation of the time required for Over Current Protection on short circuit disturbance of Diesel Generator YCSR 3875 KVA. The research was conducted at the DG House of PT Oki Pulp and Paper in December 2024. The results of the short circuit fault analysis obtained are 17,042.40 A. The time required for the relay to disconnect the electricity during a short circuit is 4.09 seconds. The time obtained from the calculation is quite short, it can be seen that the short circuit fault that occurred was 17,042.40 A. To get the results of the relay working time, there is a calculation to find out how much TMS is determined through calculation, from the calculation getting the TMS result of 1,007 seconds. With TMS = 1.007 seconds, calculations are carried out to find the time required for the overcurrent relay to send a signal to the circuit breaker.

General Elections (Pemilu) are one of the important moments in democratic life in Indonesia. Indonesian elections are a true expression of democracy and a means for the people to declare their sovereignty over the state and government. Elections are based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and are held in the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI) based on the principle of direct, universal, free elections. , confidential, honest and fair Political participation in a democratic country shows that the people fulfill the highest legitimacy of state power (popular sovereignty), this is manifested in the form of participation in democratic political parties (elections) for the welfare of the people. A very interesting group of voters to follow and study Furthermore, novice voters or new voters are voters who are taking part in an election for the first time, especially the millennial generation, who have a crucial role in determining the future direction of the nation. This research aims to explore the understanding and perceptions of novice voters towards the election process, through the film "Kejarlah Janji". This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and analysis of the film "Kejarlah Janji". The research results show that first-time voters tend to have a limited understanding of the election process, but the film "Kejarlah Janji" is able to raise political awareness and motivate them to take part in the election.

With the rapid advancement of technology, the world is increasingly shifting toward the digital era, influencing various aspects of life, including the field of Public Relations (PR). Traditional PR activities that previously relied on print media, radio, or television broadcasts are now experiencing a decline in effectiveness. In response to this shift, organizations and companies are transitioning their communication strategies to digital platforms, one of which is through digital campaigns. Digital campaigns have emerged as a modern form of PR activity that leverages the power of social media to reach a wider, interactive, and more segmented audience. The success of a digital campaign is largely determined by the media used. Currently, Instagram stands out as one of the most popular social media platforms, especially among younger generations, due to its ability to present engaging and easily accessible visual content.Bank Mandiri, as one of the largest banks in Indonesia, is taking advantage of this digital trend by launching digital campaigns through its official Instagram account. This strategy aims to strengthen brand image, increase audience engagement, and expand the company’s communication reach. By utilizing interactive features such as Instagram Stories, Reels, and Live, Bank Mandiri is able to establish more effective two-way communication with its audience. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Bank Mandiri’s digital campaign on Instagram and its impact on audience perception and engagement. The results of this analysis are expected to contribute to the development of more adaptive digital PR strategies in the current era of digital transformation.

Mossak Batak Toba is a traditional martial art originating from the Batak Toba ethnic group in North Sumatra, passed down through generations. Characterized by swift, agile, and powerful movements, Mossak is not only a physical discipline but also embodies spiritual values such as courage, discipline, and loyalty. This study aims to identify and analyze the potential of Mossak Batak as a tourist attraction in Toba Regency from cultural, economic, and social perspectives, and to formulate strategies for optimizing its potential amid various existing challenges. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method, utilizing observation, interviews, and documentation as data collection techniques, with descriptive analysis and SWOT analysis as analytical tools. The findings reveal that Mossak Batak holds significant cultural value as an intangible heritage, economic potential through performances and cultural tourism training, and a social role in reinforcing local identity and pride. However, challenges such as limited digital promotion, the absence of educational materials, weak stakeholder coordination, and low community participation remain. The study concludes that with proper strategies—such as cross-sector collaboration, effective digital promotion, and the development of local cultural festivals—Mossak Batak can be elevated as a prominent tourist attraction in Toba Regency. This not only contributes to cultural preservation but also supports local economic growth and strengthens the global recognition of Batak cultural identity.

The Sara Douda dance is a form of oral tradition cultural art that combines movement elements from original Loli dance accompanied by energetic traditional music, namely gongs and drums, as a powerful medium for expressing the experience of faith, namely gratitude to the Almighty for giving His blessings of life to the Loli community. Sara Douda is full of verbal and non-verbal symbols, rich in meaning, messages and cultural values ​​for the Loli community, used for social interaction and also as an expression of faith in the Most High. The aim of this research is to obtain an overview of the nature, form and meaning of Sara Douda cultural symbols as a form of expression of art, culture and faith of the Loli community in the study of Contextual Theology. This study uses qualitative methods and is analyzed narratively which shows that Sara Douda is a cultural symbol of the Loli people and also a symbol of their faith. Religious symbols allow individuals access to Divine reality and expression. their experience of faith in a cultural context. The verbal and nonverbal symbols in Sara Douda show the Loli Community's faith and belief in God, the Creator of heaven and earth as in the expression Ama wolo Ama rawi. Their offerings of praise and thanksgiving are expressed through poetry in the form of verses and lines as well as beautiful dances from time to time, from generation to generation until now contextual in social life.

Corruption is one of the biggest problems facing Indonesia. Education plays an important role in building the character of the younger generation with integrity and anti-corruption. This research aims to identify the effectiveness of anti-corruption literacy in forming a corruption-free character of the younger generation at the Darel Hikmah Islamic Boarding School, which is one way to instill anti-corruption values ​​from an early age among students. Apart from that, this research also evaluates the application of a religion-based approach in tackling corrupt behavior and provides recommendations for developing similar programs in other Islamic boarding schools. The method used in this research is literature study, which involves a series of library data collection activities, reading, taking notes, and managing data objectively, systematically, analytically, and critically. The focus of this research is on The Power of Two learning model which aims to improve students' critical thinking skills at the Darel Hikmah Islamic Boarding School. The results of the research show that the anti-corruption literacy program implemented at the Darel Hikmah Pekanbaru Islamic Boarding School has proven to be quite effective in instilling the values ​​of integrity and honesty in its students. However, this research also identified challenges in implementing the program that require further attention. This shows the importance of continuous evaluation and development to ensure the success of the program in achieving the expected educational goals.

Indonesia, as an archipelagic country with over 17,000 islands, faces significant challenges in providing electricity access, particularly to small and remote islands. One promising solution is Solar Power Plants (PLTS), both land-based and floating solar plants that utilize water surfaces, suitable for areas with limited land availability. This study evaluates the economic feasibility of floating solar plants and land-based solar plants using the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCoE) approach. LCoE encompasses all costs of construction, operation, maintenance, and energy production over the plant's lifespan, serving as a key benchmark in selecting power generation technologies. The findings show that the LCoE for floating solar plants is Rp11,197.00/kWh, lower than land-based solar plants at Rp11,769.00/kWh, although both exceed the electricity purchase price in Kodingareng, South Sulawesi, at Rp2,460.00/kWh. This difference is influenced by higher construction costs for floating solar plants but offset by greater energy output and lower operation and maintenance costs. This research provides a basis for developing solar power systems in archipelagic regions, emphasizing efficiency and sustainable energy solutions.

This study evaluates the impact of distributed solar-battery systems on urban electricity resilience and community carbon emissions reduction. As urban areas continue to grow, the demand for electricity has placed considerable strain on traditional centralized grids, resulting in increased vulnerabilities. The integration of decentralized energy resources (DERs), particularly solar photovoltaic (PV) systems paired with battery energy storage systems (BESS), has emerged as a promising solution to enhance grid resilience, reduce carbon emissions, and support the transition to more sustainable energy systems. This research uses a simulation-based approach to model the integration of solar-battery systems into residential blocks, assessing their impact on grid reliability, downtime reduction, and the frequency of power outages. Additionally, the study estimates the reduction in carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions achieved by shifting from fossil-fuel-based energy generation to renewable sources such as solar PV. The results demonstrate that solar-battery systems significantly improve electricity reliability by providing backup power during outages, while also reducing CO₂ emissions by decreasing reliance on conventional grids. The study also discusses the technical and financial challenges associated with the integration of these systems, such as energy storage capacity, system efficiency, and upfront installation costs. Policy recommendations emphasize the importance of government incentives, grid modernization, and long-term financial benefits to encourage the adoption of decentralized energy solutions. Finally, the study highlights areas for future research, including advanced storage technologies and the integration of electric vehicles with solar-battery systems to further enhance energy resilience and sustainability.

In commemoration of KOHATI's (Korps HMI Wati) Milad, known as a special body of the Islamic Student Association (HMI) tasked with nurturing, developing, and enhancing the potential of women in women's movements, KOHATI plays several roles. These include helping to build awareness among Muslims, improving the quality of education, encouraging women's participation in politics, shaping good leadership character, and enhancing community welfare. The celebration of KOHATI’s Milad provides an opportunity for the people of Soppeng, especially the youth in Soppeng Regency, to broaden their knowledge about the role of women in the health sector, particularly reproductive health. Through this approach, we hope that the people of Soppeng will become more open and concerned about issues related to reproductive health. Reproductive health is a right for every woman. Do not hesitate to seek information and access the services you need. Education is power. With knowledge, women can empower themselves and protect both themselves and future generations

POME is liquid wastewater derived from processing of palm fruit. POME contains nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, magnesium and calcium compounds, that can be used as a good fertilizer for plantations. However, before application, POME must be processed because direct use of unprocessed POME can damage the environment. PT XYZ utilizes POME as raw material for biogas through an anaerobic fermentation process to produce alternative energy for electricity generation, however, biogas production at PT XYZ  produces CH4 levels that do not meet the desired standard, namely 60%, while the value obtained is still 57%, so it can occure an incomplete combustion process in the engine. Therefore, research was carried out to analyze the influence of POME's Chemical Oygen Demand (COD) and the pH of POME as biogas raw material on the CH4 produced. Meanwhile, based on measurements of POME pH, fluctuations are caused by environmental conditions, therefore before the feed enters the biodigester, the first treatment is increasing pH until 6-7 to adjust the optimal conditions for bacteria working to break down organic substances.  The results shows that the estimated potential for a Biogas Power Plant (PLTBg) with a production capacity of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of 60 tons/hour, the high generating capacity is influenced by the large COD value, meaning that the COD value greatly influences the CH4 produced, but must also be in accordance with Other factors that influence CH4 production such as pH, temperature, stirring and others.

This study aims to analyze the potential for developing Wind Power Plants (PLTB) in Gorontalo Province, focusing on wind speed in several strategic locations. The consistent and relatively high wind speeds in coastal and lowland areas of Gorontalo make the region highly suitable for developing wind energy as a renewable energy source. This research utilizes meteorological data to measure wind speed at four locations: Batudaa Pantai 1, Batudaa Pantai 2, Kwandang, and Sumalata. The analysis reveals that wind speeds range from 6.73 m/s to 7.08 m/s, with electricity generation capacity per turbine ranging from 146 kW to 170 kW. The total electricity capacity that can be generated by 30 turbines across these locations is 18.9 MW. This potential provides a significant contribution to meeting renewable energy needs in Gorontalo and Indonesia in general. However, the development of PLTB in this area requires further consideration of technical, economic, social, and regulatory aspects. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct a comprehensive feasibility study to assess the technical and economic viability, as well as the social and economic impacts on local communities. Additionally, government support in terms of policy and fiscal incentives will expedite the development of PLTB in Gorontalo, which in turn can contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and supporting sustainable energy in the future.

  Utilization of new renewable energy is a solution to meet the increasing electricity demand, one of which is solar power generation technology. Solar panels are a renewable power generator that is environmentally friendly. The relatively low and unstable output voltage of PV is affected by solar irradiation, which becomes a constraint. Therefore, by utilizing a boost converter, the solar panel system is able to work 25% more optimally compared to without using a boost converter. The performance of solar panels when using a boost converter is around 83.3% and without using it, the performance is only about 58.3%. The average output power when using the boost converter is 1,521 W, whereas without using the boost converter, the average output power is 1,172 W. This indicates that the output power is more stable when using the boost converter compared to not using it. This research focuses on a boost converter with PID control as a support, optimizer, and voltage stabilizer where the output power on the solar panel is expected to be more optimal and the output from the solar panel is more stable with more optimal results in various conditions. In this study, 12 solar panels of 125 WP with a capacity of 1.5 KW are used in series-parallel to obtain the required power. If the output from the solar panel is insufficient due to weather conditions, the voltage will be increased by the boost converter towards the inverter so that the voltage remains stable into the inverter with the boost converter. This boost converter uses PID control to keep the output voltage stable.  

The rapid advancement of technology has led to an increasing demand for electrical energy. One of the efforts to meet this demand is the development of micro-capacity power generation systems utilizing heat energy. Heat energy can be harnessed using thermoelectric elements. This study aims to design and develop a portable power generation system that utilizes solar heat as an energy source. The prototype uses six TEC 1-12706 thermoelectric modules to generate electricity designed specifically to recharge devices such as phones, power banks, and flashlights. Solar heat is concentrated on the thermoelectric modules using Fresnel lenses, while heatsinks are employed for cooling. The thermoelectric modules are connected in series to produce sufficient voltage, which is then boosted by a boost converter. The generated electrical energy is stored in a battery to ensure voltage stability despite temperature fluctuations. This device can also operate at night due to the energy stored in the battery. Test results show that the average output voltage without load ranges from 9.49V to 9.56V, with an average temperature of 45.2°C at the thermoelectric modules. In load tests, the device successfully charged a Pixel 5 phone (5000 mAh battery) from 4% to 70% in 95 minutes. These results demonstrate the potential of this system as a reliable and environmentally friendly portable energy solution.

The word mission is derived from Misio Dei, meaning that the Triune God plays a role in it, God the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. Understanding the role of the Triune God in Misio Dei will help a strong mission movement in the church. The church is the channel of God's mission to proclaim the good news that the Kingdom of God has come. The church is responsible for carrying out God's mission so that the mission movement remains sustainable. The younger generation is the only successor to the mission movement in the church, therefore it is necessary to discover the obstacles in the mission movement in the younger generation so that the church continues carrying on the mission. JKI Injil Kerajaan Church is one of the churches whose mission is to build a generation of disciple leaders who are pleasing to God and impact others. The younger generation at the JKI IK Church has not become missionaries since 2020. The factor that influenced the decline in missionaries at the JKI IK Church was the existence of an identity crisis. This self-identity crisis can be addressed by strengthening the relationship with the Holy Spirit. In addition, we must learn from the expansion of the early church where the supporting factors for the expansion of the early church were the renewing power of the Gospel, fruitful and reaping evangelistic motivation, context-appropriate service variations, conducive geo-political factors and recruiting workers for the expansion of church missions.

In the era of globalization, pop culture has become a powerful medium in shaping individual identities, including Muslim identity. This article explores how pop culture influences the transformation of Muslim identity within the context of globalization, particularly among the younger generation. Through a qualitative approach, this research delves into the interaction between elements of popular culture, such as music, film, and social media, with religious practices and values within Islam. The study utilizes in-depth interviews and content analysis from various media platforms, including social media and other media sources, to understand the dynamics of identity change among Muslim youth. The findings will illustrate how pop culture shapes the perspectives and behaviors of the Muslim generation, blending Islamic traditions with elements of modernity to form a unique Muslim identity. This article provides insight into how Muslim identity in the modern era continues to evolve and adapt within an increasingly connected and diverse society. The research makes a significant contribution to our understanding of Muslim identity in the modern age, highlighting the complexity and fluidity of identity in a constantly changing society. This article makes a crucial contribution to cultural and religious studies and paves the way for further research on this topic. It emphasizes the importance of understanding Muslim identity as a dynamic and layered phenomenon that continuously evolves with global culture. This study offers new insights into the transformation of Muslim identity in modern society and underscores the importance of understanding the influence of pop culture on the identity transformation process. Thus, this article contributes to a broader discussion on identity, religion, and culture in the context of globalization.