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Kampung Naga merupakan permukiman masyarakat tradisional yang masih memegang praktek dan budaya lokal dalam memaknai dan menciptakan tatanan ruang. Kemampuannya mempertahankan ke’ruang’an ditengah gempuran teknologi saat ini menarik untuk dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis wujud makna ruang di Kampung Naga melalui pendekatan filosofis yang mendalam. Metode yang digunakan ialah observasi langsung, wawancara mendalam dengan tokoh adat, dan partisipasi dalam aktivitas masyarakat. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 11 makna ruang berdasarkan filosofis, paradigma, teori dan order. Makna tersebut meliputi makna ruang berdasarkan support system, otentifikasi pengguna, kebersihan aktifitas, simbolisasi kontur, hukum adat, gender, komunikasi vertikal, fungsi koloni, fungsi sosial, hajat hidup dasar dan jalur sirkulasi. Setiap wujud ruang, berpijak pada tiga prinsip utama yaitu kesakralan, keseimbangan, dan keberlanjutan.

Masjid Agung Jawa Tengah (MAJT) merupakan representasi arsitektur yang menggabungkan nilai religius Islam dengan budaya lokal Jawa serta elemen modern, tercermin pada elemen seperti kubah, atap tajug, minaret, pola ruang, ornamen kaligrafi-batik, hingga Gerbang Al-Qonathir. Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana desain MAJT merepresentasikan harmoni antara nilai-nilai tradisional dan modernitas melalui simbolisme budaya dan inovasi arsitektural. Elemen seperti serambi yang terinspirasi dari masjid Arab dimodifikasi dengan pola “U” dan dilengkapi dengan elemen lokal seperti bedug serta air mancur sebagai interpretasi baru tempat wudhu. Kaligrafi Arab dipadukan dengan motif batik untuk merepresentasikan identitas Jawa, sementara Gerbang Al-Qonathir menggabungkan seni Romawi dan Jawa sebagai simbol keterbukaan budaya. Pola ruang masjid yang hierarkis dan inklusif mencerminkan adaptasi filosofi tata ruang Jawa dalam konteks modern. Desain keseluruhan MAJT menunjukkan perpaduan harmonis antara fungsi spiritual, sosial, dan budaya, menjadikannya ikon yang relevan sebagai pusat religius dan budaya di Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa arsitektur dapat menjadi medium komunikasi yang efektif dalam menjembatani nilai-nilai tradisional, agama, dan inovasi modern secara holistik.  

Awareness of personal health is very important in improving the quality of life, especially among students who are in a transition period from adolescence to early adulthood. This research aims to understand more deeply about human health which includes physical, mental, and social aspects. By increasing students' awareness of personal health, it is hoped that it can improve their overall quality of life. The research also highlights the importance of students' understanding of social and historical developments, which can contribute to their well-being as well as create social responsibility. Health awareness involves not only paying attention to the body, but also the role of social and mental relationships in maintaining a balance in life. In this context, the philosophy of health, including ontology and existentialism perspectives, provides insight into the responsibility of individuals towards their life choices. By developing better awareness, students are expected to be better able to manage their physical, mental, and social health, so that they can achieve a more meaningful and quality life.

This study refers to the philosophical values of calligraphy octagonal ornaments at the Muhammad Cheng Hoo Mosque in Pandaan District, Pasuruan Regency. The objectives of this study are: 1. To find out the meaning of calligraphy octagonal ornaments in the Muhammad Cheng Hoo Mosque 2. To find out the philosophical value contained in the calligraphy octagonal ornaments at the Muhammad Cheng Hoo Mosque. The method used in this study is a qualitative method. The data collection techniques used are observation, interview, and documentation methods. The results of this study show that the meaning of calligraphy octagonal ornaments has a meaning that can be associated with one pillar of Islam. Because it shows unity and balance in carrying out religious commands and as the meaning of the five levels, in Islamic teachings are shahada, prayer, fasting, zakat and hajj as well as the meaning of blessings and abundance of sustenance. The philosophical value of octagonal ornaments has the meaning of balance, harmony and protection as well as the philosophical value of red and yellow colors in calligraphy octagonal ornaments, red is interpreted as joy, strength, and courage while yellow is interpreted as blessings and abundance of sustenance.

Islamic economics was born as a response to the need for an economic system that is not only oriented towards profit, but also towards social justice and human welfare. This article discusses the reconstruction of philosophical values ​​in Islamic economics as an effort to create an inclusive and sustainable economic order. With a conceptual approach, this study highlights principles such as justice, balance, and social responsibility that are at the core of Islamic economics. These values ​​are reinterpreted in a modern context to address global challenges, including economic disparities and moral crises in the business world. The results of the analysis show that the application of the philosophical values ​​of Islamic economics is not only able to improve the economic structure, but also create universal welfare that is in line with the objectives of sharia (Maqashid Syariah). Therefore, the integration of these values ​​is important in formulating fair and ethical economic policies.  

Membangun kesadaran hukum dalam sistem hukum nasional harus responsif terhadap dinamika masyarakat lokal dan menghormati nilai-nilai kearifan lokal yang telah ada. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis memadukan hukum formal dan kearifan lokal dapat menghasilkan sistem hukum yang lebih holistik dan responsif. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual serta dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa adanya integrasi kearifan lokal dalam pembentukan undang-undang yang merupakan upaya yang kompleks dan membutuhkan komitmen dari berbagai pihak. Integrasi kearifan lokal dalam pembentukan undang-undang berakar pada filosofi bangsa Indonesia yang menghargai nilai-nilai luhur budaya dan tradisi lokal yang lebih humanis, partisipatif, dan berkeadilan.

This paper examines distributive justice within the framework of Islamic economics, exploring its philosophical underpinnings and practical implications.  It analyzes the Islamic concept of justice ( adl ), focusing on its application to the distribution of wealth and resources.  The study delves into the core principles of Islamic economics, such as zakat, waqf, riba prohibition, and the concept of khalifah (stewardship), and how these contribute to a more equitable distribution of wealth.  Furthermore, it investigates the philosophical arguments supporting distributive justice in Islam, drawing upon Islamic jurisprudence and ethical traditions.  The paper concludes by discussing the practical challenges and opportunities in implementing distributive justice principles in contemporary economic systems, considering both micro and macro-economic perspectives.

KeywoThe background to this study is based on deep knowledge about how humans understand themselves, their relationships with nature and higher entities. Human nature is often the center of attention in various scientific disciplines, including philosophy, religion, psychology, and social sciences, which examine important aspects such as rationality, freedom, morality, and spirituality. The purpose of this research is to find out more about the nature of humans in life, which includes philosophical, moral, social and spiritual backgrounds & about how humans carry out their roles as social creatures, thinking individuals, and entities that have a relationship with nature. Understanding This contributes to the development of insight into the role of humans in creating social, moral and ecological balance in life. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a literature and case study approach. Data was collected through analysis of various library sources, such as books, articles and scientific journals which discuss theories about human nature, as well as through interviews with thinkers and experts in related fields. This analysis was carried out descriptively and interpretively to gain an in-depth understanding of the concepts that emerged. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide a theoretical contribution to the development of the study of humans and life, as well as provide a practical basis for individuals in leading a balanced life between rational, moral, social and spiritual aspects.

Truth and responsibility are fundamental ethical principles that shape leadership practices in corporate settings. This study explores the philosophical foundations of truth and responsibility and their applications in leadership ethics within organizations. Using a systematic literature review approach, the research synthesizes findings from various philosophical schools, such as deontology, utilitarianism, and virtue ethics, to examine how leaders can navigate ethical dilemmas, foster integrity, and build trust. The results reveal that embracing truth and accountability enhances decision-making processes, strengthens organizational culture, and mitigates ethical risks. This study highlights the significance of philosophical reflection in addressing modern leadership challenges, particularly in fostering transparency and ethical responsibility in complex business environments. Future research should focus on integrating these principles into leadership development programs to promote sustainable and ethical organizational growth.

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi analisis filosofis dan praktis dari pemikiran Al Farabi dalam pendidikan.Al Farabi, seorang filsuf Islam terkemuka, menekankan pentingnya mengintegrasikan filsafat dan praktik dalam pendidikan untuk mengembangkan individu yang seimbang. Dengan meneliti ide-idenya, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan wawasan tentang bagaimana ajarannya dapat diterapkan dalam praktik pendidikan modern.Melalui kombinasi analisis teoritis dan contoh praktis, temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggabungan filosofi Al Farabi dapat meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan secara keseluruhan dan berkontribusi pada perkembangan holistik siswa.Implikasi dari penelitian ini menyoroti relevansi mengintegrasikan prinsip-prinsip filosofis ke dalam kerangka pendidikan untuk menumbuhkan pemikiran kritis, nilai-nilai moral, dan kesadaran sosial di kalangan pelajar.

This research discusses Pancasila values ​​in the formation of customary law through philosophical and sociological approaches. Pancasila as the basis of the state has an influence in the formation of national law, but its relationship with customary law, traditions and local norms requires further adjustments. This philosophical approach emphasizes the values ​​of Pancasila, such as Belief in One Almighty God, Just and Civilized Humanity, and Social Justice. This is different from sociological research that examines the response of indigenous communities to the function of Pancasila and the dynamics of social adaptation that occur. This research also provides scientific participation in understanding between national and local legal systems, and also provides a basis for legal policy regarding the dynamics of Indonesian socio-culture.

The film Filosofi Kopi is a literary work that raises coffee as a metaphor, symbol, and narrative element of Coffee as part of global and local culture in Indonesia. This work not only offers interesting fictional stories, but also to analyze Tiwus copies from Java, using a qualitative approach with a method of analyzing literary texts that include thematic, stylistic, and intertextual aspects. This research seeks to understand how elements that have philosophical values that describe life, struggle, and social care. The results of the analysis show that the main themes of this are struggle, care and social interaction, which is reflected through a cup of coffee between the characters. Coffee is often presented as a representation of human relations, existence describes the daily dynamics in society, which connects existentialism, harmony, and reflection in life in a literary work. Presenting a diversity of meanings, starting from simple life symbols and human relationships. This research contributes to a deep understanding of how a cup of coffee can be raised into a theme and title that contains rich meaning and significance in the study of a literature

Hajj and Umrah are forms of maḥḍah worship that hold an essential position in Islamic teachings and contain profound philosophical dimensions. Beyond their ritual obligations and recommendations, these acts of worship function as instruments for spiritual, moral, and social development among Muslims. This study aims to analyze the philosophical dimensions of Hajj and Umrah and their implications for enhancing religious devotion. The research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method through library research. Data were collected from scholarly books, academic journal articles, and relevant official documents, and analyzed using content analysis. The findings indicate that Hajj and Umrah embody core values such as monotheism, sincerity, patience, self-control, equality, and social solidarity. A deep understanding of these philosophical dimensions contributes significantly to the spiritual transformation of pilgrims, as reflected in improved quality of worship, religious discipline, and social awareness after the pilgrimage. This study emphasizes that philosophical comprehension of Hajj and Umrah is crucial for sustaining long-term religious devotion among Muslims.

Muhammad Athiyah Al-Abrasyi is a leading educator and thinker in the world of Islamic education. Al-Abrasyi devoted his life to developing the concept of integral and comprehensive education. This paper discusses Muhammad Athiyah Al-Abrasyi and gains a deeper understanding of his thoughts on contemporary Islamic education today. The following research applies qualitative and literature research methods as the main source, utilizes reference sources from various journals and books that are in line with this discussion, and uses descriptive analysis in analyzing it. In addition, this research focuses on the analysis of the thoughts, contributions, and works of a famous figure in a certain field. The results of this paper conclude that according to him, the main purpose of education is to form individuals who are of character and moral, well-rounded, and able to contribute positively to society. His ideas were very influential among Muslim educators and continue to be relevant today. al-Abrasyi's emphasis on the integration between religious and general sciences has made him an important figure in the ongoing educational discourse, inspiring many educational institutions to implement a holistic approach in their curricula.

Pancasila as the Indonesian state philosophy plays a central role in the formation of laws and regulations in this country. This article explains how the basic values ​​of Pancasila are the main basis for the legislative and law formation process in Indonesia. In this context, Pancasila not only functions as a source of moral and ethical values ​​in drafting laws, but also as a guideline for maintaining social justice, democracy, unity and national security. This study examines various aspects and practical implementation of the role of Pancasila in the Indonesian legal context, including its influence on public policy and the legislative process.    

Philosophical study of social justice from Plato's thought Throughout the history of philosophy, the topic of justice has been a very important topic. Theoretical thinkers such as utilitarianism, intuitionism, eudaimonism, perfectionism, liberalism, communitarianism, and socialism have discussed this topic. The core of political research from the time of Plato to the present is justice. Questions of fairness cannot be determined by the standards used to determine whether something is fair. Different versions of answers regarding the meaning of justice are often considered unsatisfactory, so they cannot be separated from the debate which ultimately constructs the meaning of justice itself, even into a relative formulation. This problem ultimately encouraged many groups to take an alternative path by returning the meaning of justice to those who set the laws and regulations and to judges who will develop their own considerations. This article will discuss the concept of justice from the perspective of Pre-Christian philosophers, especially Plato. Philosophically, there are two ways of expressing justice: First, the view that justice means harmony between the implementation of rights and the implementation of obligations according to the "balance of law" clause, namely "the scope of rights and obligations". The view of legal experts basically holds that justice is harmony between legal certainty and legal comparability. There are even those who argue that law must be combined with justice for it to truly have legal meaning. This is related to the answer that law is part of human efforts to create ethical coexistence in the world. Only through a just legal system can society live peacefully towards happiness, because the essence of law is to create fair rules in society.                                                                                                                     

Talking about the second coming of the Lord Jesus (eschatology) is one of the foundations of the Christian faith, so this needs to be known, taught and believed by every person of God. However, because there are many interpretations regarding the second coming of the Lord Jesus, correct and appropriate study is needed according to God's word.  Lack of understanding regarding the second coming of the Lord Jesus can lead to distorted interpretations that even contradict the truth of God's word itself. There are quite a few errors in the interpretation of the second coming of the Lord Jesus. On the contrary, it causes anxiety, fear, doubt, confusion, and even misdirection. This means that it is very important for us to know more about eschatology, to provide a better and correct understanding in waiting for the second coming of the Lord Jesus. At that time, if we have understood it in a paradigm shift that previously had a frightening perspective, but on the contrary, we are waiting for it with full confidence, a higher level of faith in God and even waiting for it with joy, because He is the one who picks up His people, He is the one who all this time in the world we worship, and also only to Him can we immortalize ourselves completely. Death is human nature and the end of human existence in life. Death is indeed the end of human existence, but humans as physical and spiritual creatures are not completely eliminated by death. The soul/spirit as the spiritual element of humans does not disappear along with the body. The soul is the identity of each human person who reveals the history of his life to God. The human soul will later become a means for God in the process of resurrecting humans. Death is not only something that ends human existence in life, but is also a time when humans perfect/complete the history of their life freely. A life history that shows identity, character, personality, and all the stories that have been experienced that show who he is authentically and finally, without being able to change again. The term human being as both a physical and spiritual creature indicates the unity of the two substances or elements that make up a human being, namely body and soul. This unity, apart from showing the integrity and equality of God's creations, also shows the specialness of humans from other creations. The unity between body and soul as the element that makes humans exist is able to explain the event of the resurrection of the dead which is believed by Christians.

The problematics of Christian theology are often a point of complex and demanding debate seems to be a very good discussion. Because it is not only a topic of discussion among Christians but is also often an easy terget for liberals. They create and use existing thelogical problems as a tool to attack the Christian faith. That is why it is urgent to take the right steps in responding to this matter. So that this is not allowed to continue and erode the real truth and disrupt the faith of Gods congregation. In seeking solutions to the problems of theological skepticism, a philosophical approach is often a very relevant tool. Philosophical assumptions a deeper understanding of Christian teachings and responding to emerging challenges. So that in this way, all errors and misunderstandings regarding Chrristian theology put forward by liberals can be refuted. Therefore, this article will use qualitative research methods. Methodology with a literature riview approach. The literature review in question is from various writings including books, journals and other literature related to Christian religious education, ontological foundations, epistemology and axiology. Analysis of the subject of discussion is reviwed by reflecting on literature findings with implications for the present. Conclussions are obtained from analytical studies of the theories used. This article will explore the urgency of philosophical assumptions in finding solutions to the problems of Christian theology by referring to several relevant philosophical thoughts. Whit the hope of finding a basis that can help every believer in facing and responding to liberals who want to doubt and attack the Christian faith through a philosophical assumption approach, as a from of apologetics for every believer.

This study aims to analyze the life philosophy of the Silalahi clan within the Batak ethnic group and its relation to the First Principle of Pancasila, namely, Belief in One Supreme God. The research utilizes a qualitative descriptive method. This study explores the religious and cultural values upheld by the Silalahi clan and how these values align with the principle of Belief in One Supreme God. The findings reveal that the Silalahi clan holds a life worldview deeply grounded in strong religious and spiritual faith. These values are reflected through various traditional ceremonies, religious rituals, and life principles that emphasize harmony and piety towards God. Therefore, there is a substantial correlation between the life philosophy of the Silalahi clan and the First Principle of Pancasila, demonstrating how traditional values can reinforce national identity.

The foundation of education is a universal human aspiration; therefore, in addressing educational issues, complex solutions with philosophical foundations are necessary to ensure that the resulting solutions benefit all segments of society. One of the figures with strong philosophical views on education is Ki Hadjar Dewantara. Ki Hadjar Dewantara, a nobleman from the Yogyakarta Sultanate, firmly held a high concern for the development of education. The philosophical views put forward by Ki Hadjar Dewantara have become the basis for educational development in Indonesia. Ki Hadjar Dewantara expressed that the essence of education is an effort to internalize cultural values ​​into the souls of children with the aim of shaping them into complete human beings, both spiritually and mentally. This educational philosophy is known as the "Sistem Among," which emphasizes the basic ability of children to overcome the problems they face by providing them with broad freedom of thought. Ki Hadjar Dewantara formulated his philosophy by applying indigenous Indonesian culture, selectively adopting Western values ​​to fit the trikonic theory, and then adapting them wisely. Ki Hadjar Dewantara also made several contributions to Indonesian education, including the implementation of the leadership trilogy in education, the three educational centers, and the paguron system. Education is an effort to develop the human potential of learners, both physically, intellectually, emotionally, and morally, so that this potential can be realized and beneficial to their lives.